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T  O 
E  D  WARD  P  Of  HAM,  Efq; 

,.::oj!      , 

LITTLECOT   in   the  County 
of  W  I  L  T  S. 

H  E  benefits  accruing  to 
literature  from  the  pa- 
tronage of  great  and  ju- 
dicious perfons,  has  generally  been 
deemed  a  fufficient  excufe  for  ad- 
A  i  dreffes 


iv       DEDICATION. 

*    '■*■•_ 

dreflea  of  this  natjar© ;  but  however 
plaufibl©  fuch4li  realbn  might  feem, 
the  editor  of  the  following  piece  had 


w      ■• 


foTbornetfi^  ^Vjail  himfelf  of  it,  or  to 

■  '  ■  '  -       .  ••  -  -     ."> 

requeft  the  patronage  of  fo  difcern- 
ing  a  judgC:;.a8,-.j?wrfelj^;,if  he  had 


t    •    •    •    '       T       •  ••    *•  •   ••    • 


not  hoped  that  iiis'^iSfuttiption  would 
have  carried  its  ^pyi^'^iiQlogy  with  it, 
and  been  confcious  that,  while  he 
was   foliciting   Mr.    Pophamh   pro- 

I.' 

tedion  for  fb  valuable  a  work  as  the 
Complete  Angler y  he  was  at  once  in- 
dulging his  curiofity,  and  gratifying 
nis  benevolence. 


How 


DEDICATION.       v 

How  far  this  virtue  of  your's  has 
hitherto  been  extended  towards  thofe 
for  whofe  inflrudion  and  delight 
the  book  was  originally  written,  no 
one,  who  has  ever  feen  the  waters  of 
Chiltovj  or  heard  with  what  care  and 
expence  they  are  prefer ved,.  can  be 
ignorant.  And,  as  this  Iblicltudo, 
for  the  mere  amufement  of  anglers, 
a  very  fmall  and  inconiiderable  part 
of  mankind,  is  a  peculiar  ftraln  of 
beneficence,  fo  it  affords  a  probable 
ground  to  hope,  that  a  tr^itife  on 
the  art  itfelf,  written  with  fo  much 

A  3  judg- 


vi    6EDicAf  ion; 

judgment  and  ingenuity,  and  con- 
taming  fucn  abundant  iriftru^ion 
and  innocent  cntertdnment  as  this 
does,  can  hardly  fail  of  a  favourably 
r^eption.  • 

Next  to  the  fatisfadtion  of  having 
reftored  to  the  world  fo  valuable  a 
worfc,  and  having  performed  for  Mr. 
TValton^  an  office  he  had  frequently 
fb  well  difcharged  for  others,  and 
which,  for  the  hbnour  of  his  me^ 
mory,  I  could  wifli  had  been 
undertaken  by  Ibme  abler  hand,  I 
feel  none  greater,  than  the  occafion 

it 


DEDICATION,    vii 

k  now  gives  me,  of  teftifying  my 
gratitude,  for  the  obligations  I  have 
received  from  you,   and,   of  iiib 
fcribing  myfelf. 

Tour  mojl  obedient  Servant^ 


TwdtaAamf 
IG^JfrU^  1760. 


John  Hawkins, 


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ADVERTISEMENT. 

nr'HE  Complete  Angler  lutvtt^ 

.   i^en  written  fi  long  ag>  as  1653,  aU 

^ughtbe  Ut/i  publication  thereof,  in  the  life-' 

tme  of  the  authors^  'was  in  1676,  contains 

many  particulars  of  perfons,  n<no  but  little 

known  t  and  frequent  allufions  to  faSts^  and 

even  modes  of  living,  the  memory  whereof  is 

in  a  great  meafure  obliterated:  a  new  edition 

therefore  feemed  to  require  a  retrofpeSl  to  the 

time  when  the  authors  lived;  an  explanation 

^  Pf  fuch  paffages,  as  an  interval  of  more  than 

an  hundred  years  had  necefarily  rendered  ob^ 

/cure  J  together  witbfucB  improvements  in  the 

art  ftfelfy  as  the  accumulated  experience  of 

fuccefding  times  has  enabled  us  tofumifh. 

An  edition t  undertaken  with  this  view,  is 
now  attempted,  and  in  a  way,  it  is  to  be  hoped, 
f)atm^  pnfe  again  introduce  the  authors  to 

the 


1 


the  acquaintance  of  perfons  of  learning  and 
judgment. 

All  that  the  editor  requejls  in  return  for  the 
faifts:  be  has  t 4km  is,  tbat  tb^  r^dtr  ^ilt  do 
kitn  tbejujlice  to  believe^  that  bis  only  motives 
Jor  the  republication  of  this  work^  v^ere  a  4f* 
^  to  petpetuate  the  memory  (f  a  meik^  henevo^ 
knty  pious  many  and  to  eontrikutejbnfetbing  t9 
the  improvement  of  an  art  of  "which  he  fro^^ 
fefes  bimfelf  a  lover  ^ 


»*♦ 


THE 


LIFE 

OF 

Mr.  Isaac  Walton. 

)  H  E  excellent  Lord  Verulam  has 
?  noted  it,  as  one  of  the  great  de- 
£  fictencies  of  biographical  hiftory, 
>  that  it  is,  for  the  mofl  part,  con- 
fined to  the  actions  of  kings,  princes,  and 
great  pcrfonages,  who  are  neccffjrily  few  j 
while  the   memory  of   Icfs   confpicuous, 
though  good  men,  has  been  no  better  prc- 
ferved  than   by  vague  reports  and  barren 
clogies  *. 

It  is  not  therefore  to  be  wondered  at,  if 
little  carehas  been  taken  toperpetuate  the  re- 
membrance of  the  peribn  who  is  the  fubjeft 
of  the  prefent  enquiry  j  and,  indeed,  thero 
are  many  circumltances  that  feem  to  account 

•  Di  Augmtnui  Sdcniiarum, 

for 


'  [  xii  J  -•    ^   ^ 

for.  fucli  an  omiflion;  for  neither  was  be 
diftingui(hcd  by  his  rank,  or  eminent  for  his 
learning,  or  remarkable  for  the  performance 
of  any  publick  fervice;  but,  as  he  ever 
afted:cd  a  retired  life,  fo  was  he  noted  only 
for  an  ingenious  humble  good  man. 

However,  to  fo  eminent  a  degree  did  he.  • 
poffefe  the  qualities  above  afcribed  to  him,  as 
to  afford  a  very  juftifiable  reafon  for  endea- 
vouring to  imprefs  upon  the  minds  of  man- 
kind, by  a  colledtionof  many  fcatfcrod  paf- 
fages  concerning  him,  a  due  fenfe  of  their 
'value  and  importance,    * 

.  IfaaCy  or,  as  he  ufed  to  write  it,  Izaak 
Walton^  w^S'hovmt  Staj^hrd,  in  the  month 
of  Auguft  1593*.  The  Oxford  Antiquary, 
who  has  thus  fixed  the  place  and  year  of 
bis  nativity,  has  Ipft  us  no  memorials  of 
his  family,  nor  even  hinted  where  or  how 
he  was*  educated ;  but  has  only  told  us^ 
that  before  the  year  1643,  ^^//(?«  was 
fettled,  and  followed  the  tradeof  a  Sempjer 
in  London  -f*. 

From  his  own  writings  then  it  muft  be, 
that  the   circumftances   attending   his  life 

muft,  in  a  great  meafure  come ;  and,  as  oc- 

i 

*  He  has  often  been  confounded  with  Dr.  Br}an 
Walton^  the  learned  publifhfer  of  the  P^i^^^/ Bible; 
idio  was  a  native  of  Yorkfinre^  and  born  icvcn  year* 
after  Ifaac. 

t  Athen,  Oxon.  Vol.  I.  Col.  305. . 

cafions 


r 


[  3fm  ] 
oafions  offer,  a  proper  ufc  will  be  made  of 
them ;  nevcrthelcfs  a  due  regard  will  be  paid 
to  fome  traxlitional  memoirs,  which»  be-» 
fides  that  they  contain  nothing  improbable^ 
the  authority  of  thofc  to  whom  we  ftand  in- 
debted for  them,  will  not  allow  us  to  queC* 
tion. 

His  firft  fettlemeot  in  London,  as  a  (hop- 
keeper,  was  in  the  Royal  Bur/e  in  Cornhitt, 
built  by  Sir  Thomas  Gre/ham,  and  finifhed  in 
i6i6  ^;  and  as  in  the  year  1624,  as  wilt 
hereafter  appear,  he  was  fixed  in  a  different 
part  of  the  city,  we  may  reafonably  fuppofc 
he  was  one  of  the  firft  inhabitants  of  the 
Burje-y  and  being  then  but  23,  was  perhaps 
oneof  thofe  induflrious  young  men,  whom, 
as  we  are  told,  the  munificent  founder  him- 
ielf  placed  in  the  (hops  crefted  over  that 
edifice. 

In  this  (ituation  he  could  fcarcely  be  fald 
•to  have  elbow-room  ;  for  the  fhops  over  the 
Burfe  were  but  feven  feet  long,  and  five 
wide  -f" ;  yet  here  did  he  carry  on  his  trade 
till  fome  time  before  the  year  1624;  when  ;}; 
•*  he  dwch  on  the  north  fide  of  Fleet-Jlrcet^ 
**  in  a  houfe  two  doors  weft  of  the  end  of 
**  Chancery 'lane  y  and  abutting  on  a  mc;- 
^*  (uage  known  by  the  (ign  of  the  llarrovj  C 

*  IVard'i  life  of  Sir  Thomas  Grejham^  p.  12. 

t  I^'id. 

X  Ex  vet,  Autcgraph.  penei  me. 

nov 


{  m  ] 

novr  the  old  timber-houfc  at  the  foUth* 
weft  corner  of  Cbancery-^lane,  "in  Fket^ 
firett^  till  within  thefe  few  years,  was 
known  by  that  iign  :  'tis  therefore  beyond 
doubt  th at ^^//^;i  lived  at  the  very  next  door, 
and  in  this  houfe,  he  is,  in  the  deed  above 
referred  to,  which  bears  date  i6z4,  faid  to 
have  followed  the  trade  of  a  Linen- Draper. 
It  further  appears  by  that  deed,  that  thb 
houfe  was  in  the  joint  occupation  of  Ifaac 
Waltony  and  ^ohn  Mafoiiy  hofier,  froai 
whence  we  may  conclude,  that  half  a  fhop 
was  fufficient  for  the  bufinefs  of  Walton. 

A  citizen  of  this  age  would  almoft  as  much 
difdain  to  admit  of  a  tenant  for  half  his 
fhop,  as  a  knight  would  to  ride  double  \ 
though  the  brethren  of  one  of  the  moft  an- 
cient orders  in  the  world  were  fo  little  above 
this  pradice,  that  their  common  feal  was  the 
device  of  two  riding  on  one  horfe  *•  h  more 
than  gradual  deviation  from  that  pariixnomM 
ous  charader,  of  which  this  i&  a  ludicrous 
inftance,  haftenedthe  grandeur  and  declen-*' 
Hon  of  that  fet  of  men }  and  it  is  to  be  hoped, 
the  vaft  increafe  of  the  trade  of  this  country, 
and  an  almoft  inevitable  averfioa  from  the 

•  The  ICnights  Templars.  AjhmoU\  Inftitut.  of 
the  order  of  the  garter,  p.  55.  See  a  reprefcntation 
of  the  feal  at  the  end  gf  Matt^  Paris^  Hift.  Anglicana, 
edit.  1640. 

friigal 


frugal  tninners  of  our  forefather6|  may  aof 
be  produdtive  of  iimilar  confequencea. 

It  would, perhaps^  bcinjufttce  toinfcr  from 
the  particular  above-men  tioned^  that  thetrad^ 
of  fFaiidn  was  fmalU  or  his  circumftancea 
narrow ;  the  reader  is  enabled  to  account  for 
this  example  of  bis  <£conomy  ^  befides,  that 
the  extenfi?enefsof  hisacquaintance,  and  the 
fortune  he  left,  forbid  fuch  a  fuppoittion. 

Ten  years  after,  we  find  him  living  in 
Cbancery^lane  j  ibcrc  he  cacried  on  the  bii- 
finefs  of  a  Sempjier  *  or  Milliner  j  a  particu- 
lar from  which  we  may  infer,  that  he  was, 
by  this  time,  if  not  long  before,  married  > 
belides  that,  he  was  now  turned  of  forty. 
This  houfe  belonged  to  the  owner  of  the 
former,  and  it  is  fuppofcd  was  but  a  few 
4pors  up  the  lane,  on  the  left  hand. 

About  1643  he  left  London^  and  with  i 
fortune  very  far  fliort  of  what  would  now  be 
called  a  competency  -f-,  fcems  to  have  retired 
altogether  from  bufinefs ;  at  which  time  (to 
•  afe  the  words  of  IVood)  "  finding  it  dange- 
**  rous  for  boneft  men  to  be  there,  he  left 
that  city,  and  lived  fometimes  at  Stafford. 
and  elfewhere  1  but  moftly  in  the  families 
of  the  eminent  clergymen  of  England^  oi 


*^  whom  he  was  much  beloved  J/' 

*  Ex  veU  Autograph,  penes  me^ 

+  See  his  will  at  the  end  of  the  life*. 

%  Athtn.  O^on*  Vol*.  I,  OA<f  305. 

Whik 


%  While  hfe  continued  in  London i  his  favcw- 
rite  amtifement  W£ls  angling,  in  which  hc5 
was  the  greateft  ptoficicnt  df  his  time ;  and 
indeed^  fo  great  were  his  fkill  and  experience 
in  that  art,  that  there  is  fcarce  any  writer  oil '' 
the  fubjc<a  finfce  his  time,  who  has  not  made 
the  rules  and  praSice  of  Walton  his  very 
foundation;  It  is  therefore  with  the  greateft 
propriety,  that  Langbaine  calls  him  •*  the 
**  common  father  of  all  -anglers  *." 

The  river  that  he  feems  rhoftly  to  have 
frequented  for  this  diverfion,  was  the  Lea^ 
which  has  its  fource  above  ^^^r^  in  Hertford- 
Jhirey  and  faJls  into  the  Thames  a  little  below 
Blackwall  -f- ;  unlefs  we  will  fuppofe  ^  that 
the  vicinity  of  the  New-River  J  to  the  place 
of  his  habitation,  might  fometimes  tempt 
him  out  with  his  friends,  honeft  Nat^  and' 
R.  Roe^  whofe  lofs  he  fo  pathetically  men- 
tions ||,  to  fpend  an  afternoon  there. 

Living  while  he  was  in  London^  in  the 
parifh  of  St.  Dunjlan  in  the  weft,  whereof 
Dr.  "John  Donne^  dean  of  St,  PauPs,   was 

*  Liv€s  of  the  EngUJh  dramatick  poets.  Art.  Cha, 
Cottorty  EFq; 

t  See  Page  274. 

X  That  great  work,  the  brrnging  water  from  Chad-^ 

^^well  and  Amwell^  in  Hertfordjhire^  to  London^  by  means 

of  the  trench  called  the  New-River ^  was  compleated 

on  Michaelmas-Day^  1613.     Siowis  Surv.  iol.  1633. 

p.  12. 

II  Preface  to  CompUtrJffghr* 

vicar. 


[  ^Wi  ] 

vicar,  be  became  intimately  acquainted  with 
that  excellent  perfon  *i  and,  upon  his  dcceafe 
in  163 1,  Sir  Henry  IVotton^  of  whom  men- 
tion will  be  made  hereafter,  requefled  H\ilton 
to  colle<^  materials  for  a  life  of  the  dodlor, 
which  it  feems  Sir  Henry  had  undertaken  to 
write  *!•.    But  Sir  Henry  dying  before  he  had 
completed  the  life,  Walton  undertook  it  him* 
felf,  and  in  the  year  1640  finifhed^  and  pub* 
lifhed  it,  with  a  collection  of  the  doctor's 
fermons,  in  Folio.     As  foon  as  the  book 
came  out,  a  complete  copy  was  fent  as  a  pre- 
feat  to  Walton^  by  Mr.  ^obn  Donne  the  doc- 
tor's fbn,  afterwards  dodor  of  laws,  and  one 
of  the  blank  leaves  contained  his  lettef  to 
Mr.  Walton ;  the  letter  is  yet  extant  j;,  and  is 
a  handfome  and  grateful  acknowledgment  of 
the  honour  done  to  the  memory  of  his  father. 
Dodlor  Kingf  afterwards  bifhop  of  Cbi^ 
cbejlery  in  a  letter  to  the  author,  tLj«  ex- 
prcflcs  himfelf  concerning  this  life :  ♦•  I  am 
''  glad  that  the  general  demonftration  of  his 
*•  (Dr.  Donne's)  worth  was  fo  fairly  prc- 
•'  fcrved  and  reprefented  to  the  world   by 
**  your  pen,  in  the  hiftory  of  his  life  s  indeed, 

*  Introd.  to  Dr.  Donne  s  life. 

+  Sec  Rellqula  fP^ottoniaH^y  0£lavo^  1695.  p.  360. 

"X  i^  Peck*s  Dtftderata  Cur  Ufa  y  v  ol.  I.  Lib.  VI. 
pag.  24.  In  the  year  17  r4,  the  very  book,  with  the 
origin.iI  manufcript  letter,  was  in  the  hands  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Borradale^  reftor  of  Market -Deeping^  in 
the  county  of  Lincoln. 

a  **  fo 


[  xviii  J 

*•  fo  well,  that  befide  others,  the  beft  cntick 
"  of  our  later  time,  Mr.  Join  Hales  of- 
"  Eaton^  affirmed  to  me,  he  had  not  feen 
**  a  life  written  with  more  advantage  to  the 
"  fubjeift,  or  reputation  to  the  writer,  thari 
«^  that  of  Dodtor  Donne  */' 

Sir  Henry  Wotton  dying  in  1639,  Waltoh 
was  importuned  by  bifhop  King  %o  under- 
take the  writing  his  life ;  and,  as  it  (hould 
feem,  by  a  circumftance  mentioned  in  the 
margin,  it  was  finifhed  about  1 644  -j*.  Not- 
Withftanding  which,  the  earlieft  copy  I  have 
yet  been  able  to  meet  with,  is  that  pre** 
fixed  to  a  colledlion  of  Sir  Henrys  remains,, 
undoubtedly  made  by  Walton  himkMy  inti- 
tied,  Reliquiae  Wottonianae^  and  by  him,  in 
1651,  dedicated  to  lady  Mary  Wotton,  and 
her  three  daughters  1  though  in  a  fubfequeni 
edition  in  1685,  he  has  recommended  thenv 
to  the  patronage  of  a  more  remote  relation? 
of  the  author,  namely,  Philip  earl  of  Chef-^ 
terjield. 

The  precepts  of  angHng,  till  Waltotii 
time,  having  hardly  ever  been  reduced  td 

*  Bifhop  King%  letter  to  Walton  beibre  the  collec- 
tion of  the  Lives,  in  1675,. 

f  It  is  certain  that  Hooker^  life  was  written  in  1.664. 
hn&  Walton  fays,  in  his  epifUe  before  the  edition  of  the 
Lives,  in  1675,  that  "  there  was  an  interval  of  twentj? 
^'  years  between  the  writing  of  Hdoker*s  life  and  Wot^ 
*'  /<?»'s,.  which  fixes  the  date  of  the  latter  to- 1644/*' 

writing,. 


[xix] 

Writing,  Were  propagated  from  age  to  agd 
chiefly  by  tradition;    but   H^a/tM,  whofe 
benevolent  and  communicative  temper  ap* 
pears  in  every  line  of  his  writings^  unwilling 
to  conceal  from  the  world  thofe  aififtancca 
which  his  long  praflice  and  experience  en* 
abled  him>  perhaps  the  heft  of  any  man  of 
his  time  to  give,  in  the  year  16539  pub- 
lifhed,  in  a  very  c;^egant  manner,  his  Complete 
Angler,  or  Contemplative  Mans  Recreation, 
in  fmall  Duodecimo,  adorned  with  exquifite 
cuts  of  mod  of  the  fiOi  mentioned  in  it* 
The  art! ft  who  engraved  them,  has  been  (o 
jnodeft  as  to  conceal  his  name ;  but  there  is 
great  reafbn  to  fuppofe  they  are  the  work  of 
Lombarty  who  is  mentioned  in  the  Sculptura 
of  Mr.  Evelyn. 

And  let  no  man  imagine,  that  a  work  oa 
fuch  a  fttbjedt  muft  neceflarily  be  unenter- 
taining,  or  trifling,  or  even  uninftrudtive ; 
for  the  contrary  will  moft  evidently  appear^ 
from  a  perufal  of  this  excellent  piece,  which » 
whether  we  conGder  the  elegant  fimplicity 
of  the  ftyle,  the  eafe  and  unaffeded  humour 
of  the  dialogue,  the  lovely  fcenes  which  it 
delineates,  the  enchanting  pafloral  poetry 
which  it  contains,  or  the  flne  morality  it  fb 
fweetly  inculcates,  has  hardly  its  fellow  in 
any  of  the  modern  languages. 

The  truth  is^  that  there  are  few  fubjefts 
fo  barren  as  not  to  afibrd  matter  of  delight^ 

a  2  and 


t^3 

an  d  even  of  inftruftion,  if  ingenioufly  treat- 
ed :  Montafgnehzswriittnzn  effayon Coaches ^ 
and  another  on  thumbs ;  and  our  own  nation 
has  produced  many  men,  who,  from  a  pe- 
culiar felicity  in  their  turn  of  thinking,  and 
manner  of  writing,  have  adorned,  and  even 
dignified,  themes  the  moft  dry  and  unpro- 
mifing'.     Many  would  think  that  time  ill 
employed,  which  was  fpent  in  compofing  a 
treatife  on  the  art  o( /hooting  in  the  long  bow^ 
and  how  few  lovers  of  horticulture  would 
cxped:  entertainment  from  a  difcourfe  of  Sal- 
lads  ?  and  yet  the  Toxophilusoi  Roger  Afcbamp 
and  the  Acetaria  of  Mr.  Evelyn^  have  been 
admired  and  commended  by  the  beft  judges 
of  literature  *. 

But  that  the  reader  may  judge  for  himfelf, 
how  much  our  author  has  contributed  to 
the  improvement  of  pifcatory  fcience,  and 
how  far  his  work  may  be  faid  to  be  an  ori  • 
ginal,  it  will  be  neceflary  for  him  to  take  ar 
view  of  the  ftate  of  angling  at  the  time  when 
he  wrote ;  and  that  he  may  be  the  better 
able  to  do  this,  he  will  confider,  that,  till 
the  time  of  the  reformation,  although  the 
clergy,  as  well  regular  as  fecular,  on  ac« 
count  of  their  leifure,  and  becaufe  die  canon 
law  forbad  them  the  ufe  of  the  fanguinary 

♦  Biograph.  Britan.  Ascham,   214.     Note  B. 
EyEi*YN,  I-865* 

recrc- 


[xxi] 

recreations  of  hnntingt  hawking^  and  fowl- 
ing, were  the  great  proficients  in  anglings 
yet  none  of  its  precepts  were  committed  to 
writing ;  and  that,  from  the  time  of  the  in* 
trodudtion  of  printing  into  this  kingdom^ 
to  that  of  the  firft  publication  of  WaUori% 
book^  in  1653,  an  interval  of  more  than  one 
hundred  and  fifty  years,  only  four  bocks  on 
this  fubjedt  had  been  given  to  the  world : 
of  the  three  laft  fome  mention  is  made  in 
the  margin  * ;  but  the  firft  of  that  number, 
as  well  on  account  of  its  quaintnefs  as  an- 
tiquity, and  bccaufe  it  is  not  a  little  charac- 
tcriftick  of  the  age  when  it  was  written, 
deferves  to  be  particularly  diflinguiOied. 
This  traft,  intitled,  T^be  Treatyfe  ofFypjynge 
wytb  an  Angle^  makes  part  of  a  book, 
known  to  the  cvripus  in  typographical  an- 

*  A  hook  of  Fijbirtg  with  hook  and  line^  and  all  othfr 
inflrumenti  thereunto  belongings  printed  in  the  year  1 590, 
ai^d  afterwards  in  1596,  and  1606.  , 

Approved  experiments  touching  Fijh  and  Fruity  to  bf 
regarded  by  the  lovers  of  Anglings  by  Mr.  John  Taverner^ 
in  Quarto,  1600. 

The  Secrets  of  Anglings  a  poem,  in  three  bookj,  by     y^ 
y.  D.  Ef<j;  Oftavo,  1613.    Mention  is  made  of  this  J-  -^ 
Doo^,  pag.  1 501  of  the  en luing  dialogues.     There  is  ^'^^ 
great  room  to  imagine  that  it  is  the  foundation  of  a  ^^  1 
tr^atiftp,  jntjtled,  ne  whole  Art  of  Anglings  publifhed  in  /m^ 
Quarto  1656,  by  the  well-known  Qervafe  Markham^  M-  /3 
as  part  of -hi$  Country  Contentments  ^  or  Hufbandmarf  s  eJl  A  - 
Recreations ;  fince  he  confefles,  that  the  fubftance  of 
his  book  was  originally  in  rbime.    OiMarkham\  book 
^  fpccimcn  is  given  in  a  note  on  page  aa. 

a  3  tiquitiesi 


[  xxil  ] 

tiquities,  hy  the  title  of,  T&e  Book  df  St, 
Alban's.  Enpryhted  at  Wefimejire  by  Wynkyn 
deWorde^  \\()t^  in  a  fmall  Folio  j  the  book 
confifts  of  a  treatife  on  hawking,  another 
on  hunting,  which  is  all  in  verfe;  a  book 
wherein  is  dietermined  the  Lygnage  of  Cote 
armureSf  the  above-mentioned  treatife  of 
filhing,  and  the  Method  of  Blafynge  of 
armes. 

This  book  was  written  by  Daoie  Julyans 
Bernes,  priorefs  of  the  nunnery  of  Sopwell^ 
near  St.  Albans j  a  lady  of  a  noble  family, 
and  celebrated  for  her  learning  and  ac- 
complifjiments,  by  Leland^  Bak,  Pits,  and 
others ;  and  the  reafqn  for  her  publi(hing  it, 
in  the  manner  it  appears  in,  (he  gives  us  ia 
the  following  words ;  *^  And  for  by  caufg 
that  this  prefent  treatyfc  fholde  not  come 
to  the  hondys  of  eche  ydle  perfone  whyche 
wolde  defire  it,  yf  it  were  enprynted 
*'  allone  by  itfelf,  and  put  in  a  lytyll 
^'  plaunflet ;  therefore  I  have  compylyd  it 
^^  in  a  greter  volume,  of  diverfe  bokys^^ 
^*  concernynge  to  gentyll  and  noble  men, 
f*  to  the  entent  that  the  forfayd  ydle  per- 
^^  fones  whyche  fliolde  have  but  lytyll  me-? 
*'  fure  in  the  fayd  dyfporte  of  fyfshynge, 
^*  fliolde  not  by  th}s  meane  utterly  dy-? 
^^  ftroye  it/' 

And  as  to  the  treatife  itfelf,  it  begins  with 
g  cpmparifoi>  of  fi(hing,    with  the  diver- 

iions 


I  xxiii  ] 

£ons  Apf  hanting,  hawking,  and  fowling^ 
which Ihe  authorefs  (hews,  are  attended  with 
great  inconveniencies  and  difappointments : 
whereas  in  fifhing,  if  his  fport  fail  him, 
the  Angler,  fays  £he,  atte  the  Iced  hath 
his  holfom  waike,  and  mery  at  his  eafe, 
a  fwete  ayre  of  the  fwete  favoure  of  the 
meede  floures,  that  maky  th  him  hungry ; 
he  hereth  the  melodyous  armony  6f 
fowles;  he  feeth  the  yonge  fwanncs, 
^  heerons,  duckes,  cotes,  and  many  other 
fowles,  wyth  theyr  brodcs;  whyche  to  mc 
femyth  better  than  all  the  noyfe  of 
houndys,  the  blades  of  hornys,  and  the 
fcryc  of  foulis,  that  hunters,  fawkcners 
and  foulers  can  make.  And  if  the  Angler 
f'  take  fyfshe,  furely  then  is  there  noo  man 
"  merier  than  he  is  in  his  fpyryte." 

At  the  beginning  of  the  diredions,  how 
the  angler  is  to  make  his  harnays,  or  tackle, 
he  is  thus  inftrufted  to  provide  a  rod :  "  And 
how  ye  Aall  make  your  rodde  craftly, 
here  I  ihall  teach  you.  Ye  fliall  kytte 
betwene  Myghelmas  and  Candylmas,  a 
fayr  (laffe,  of  a  fadom  and  an  halfe  longe, 
and  arme  grete  of  hafyll,  willowe,  or 
afpe ;  and  bethe  hym  in  an  hote  ovy n,  and 
fette  hym  evyn ;  thenne  Ictc  hym  cole 
and  dryc  a  moneth.  Take  thenne  and 
frette  hym  fade  wyth  a  cockefliote  corde, 

a  4  "  and 


€9 
4i 
€€ 
€€ 
4€ 
€i 


4€ 
€4 
€€ 
d€ 
41 


£4 

44 

4€ 

£4 

£€ 

44 

£4 

€£ 

£4 


€€ 


[   XXIV   ] 

and  bynde  hym  to  a  foarme,  or  an  evyn 
fquare  gretc  tree.  Take  thenne  a  plum- 
mer's  wire,  that  is  even  and  ftreyte,  agd 
^^  fharpe  at  the  one  ende;  and  hete  the 
**  fliarpe  ende  in  a  charcole  fire  tyll  it  be 
**  whyte,  and  brcnnc  the  ftafFe  therwyth 
**  thorough,  ever  ftreyte  in  the  pythe  at 
**  bothe  cndes  tyll  they  nicte  2  and  after 
^*  that  brenne  him  in  the  nether  end  wyth 
*^  a  byrde  broche,  and  wyth  other  broches^ 
eche  grettcr  than  other>  and  ever  the 
grettcft  the  lafte ;  (o  that  ye  make  your 
hole  aye  tapre  were :  thenne  Icte  hyni 
lye  ftyll,  and  kele  two  days,  unfette  hym 
thenne,  and  lete  hym  drye  in  an  houfe 
roof,  in  the  fmoke  tyll  he  be  thrugh  drye  ; 
in  the  fame  feafon  take  a  fayr  yerde  of 
grene  hafyll,  and  beth  him  even  and 
*^  ftreyghte,  and  lete  it  drye  with  the  ftaffe ; 
"  and  whan  they  ben  drye,  make  the  yerde 
*'  mete  unto  the  hole  in  the  ftafFe  unto  halfe 
**  the  length  of  the  ftafFe ;  and  to  perfourme 
**  that  other  halfe  of  the  croppe,  take  a 
^^  fayr  (bote  of  blacke  thornn,  crabbe  tree, 
medeler,  or  of  jenypre,  kytte  in  the  fame 
feafon,  and  well  bethyd  and  ftreyghte, 
^*  and  frette  them  togyder  fetcly,  foo  that 
"  the  croppe  may  juftly  entre  all  into  the 
**  fayd  hole  ;  thenne  fhave  your  ftafFe,  and 
*^  make  hym  tapre  wexerthcn  vyrell  the 

'        ''  ftaf(? 


€t 
€i 

€t 


it 


cc 


I 

cc 


[   3fX?   ] 

'^  ftaffe  at  bothe  endes  with  long  hopis  of 
^'  yren^  or  laton,  in  the  clenneft  wife,  wy th 
*'  a  Pyke  in  the  nether  ende,  faftnyd  with  a 
rennynge  vyce^  to  take  in  and  out  your 
croppe ;  thenne  fet  your  croppe  an  hand- 
^'  full  within  th«  over  ende  of  your  ftaffe,  in 
*'  fuche  wife  that  it  be  as  bigge  there  as  in 
^'  ony  other  place  above :  thenne  arme  your 
'^  croppe  at  thouer ende,  downe  to  the  frette, 
'^  with  a  line  of  vj  heeres^  and  dubble  the 
<*  lyne,  and  frette  it  fade  in  the  toppe  wyth 
^  a  bowe  to  faften  on  your  lynes  and  thus 
f^  (hall  ye  make  you  a  rodde  foo  prevy,  that 
ye  may  walk  therwyth ;  and  there  (hall 
noo  man  wyte  where  abowte  ye  goo/' 
Speaking  of  the  Barbel  (lie  fays :  **  The 
*^  Barbyll  is  a  fwete  fys(he;  but  it  is  a 
quafy  meete,  and  a  peryllous  for  mannys 
body.  For  comynly  he  yeuyth  an  intro- 
"  4uxion  to  the  febres ;  and  yf  he  be  eten 
^*  rawe,  he  may  be  caufe  of  mannys  dethe, 
«'  which  hath  oft  be  feen." 

For  taking  the  Pike»    this  lady  directs 
her  readers  in  the  following  terms,  viz^ 

''  Take  a  codlynge  hoke,  and  take  a 
"  Roche  or  a  fres(he  Heering,  and  a  wyrc 
wyth  an  hole  in  the  ende,  and  put  it  in 
'^  9t  the  mputh^  and  out  at  the  tayllc, 
"  downe  by  the  ridge  of  the  fres(he  Heer- 
'*  yng;  and  thenne  put  the  lyne  of  your 
^*  hpkc  in  after,  and  drawe  the  hoke  into 

<*  the 


€t 


[    XXVI    ] 

^  the  cheke  of  the  fresflie  Heeryngj  thenh 
**  put  a  plumbe  of  lede  upon  your  lyne 
**  a  yerde  longe  from  your  hoke^  and  a 
**  flole  in  myd  waye  betwene,  and  cafte  it 
^'  in  a  pytte  where  the.Pyke  ufyfh :  and  this 
^*  is  the  belle  and  mooft  furcft  crafte  of 
^^  takynge  the  Pyke.  Another  manerc 
^'  takynge  of  hym  there  is :  take  a  frosflie  *, 
**  and  put  it  on  your  hoke,  at  the  necke, 
**  bytwene  the  fkynne  and  the  body,  on 
"  the  backe  half,  and  put  on  a  flote  a  yerde 
**  therffo,  and  cafte  it  where  the  Pyke 
hauntyth  and  ye  (hall  have  hym.  Another 
mannere :  Take  the  fame  bayte,  and  put 
*•  it  in  afafetida,  and  cafl:  it  in  the  water 
**  wyth  a  corde  and  corke,  and  ye  fliall  not 
fayl  of  hym.  And  yf  ye  lyfl:  to  have  a 
good  fporte,  thenne  tye  the  corde  to  a 
^'  gofe  ibte,  and  ye  fliall  fe  god  halynge, 
•*  whether  the  gofe  or  the  Pyke  (hall  have 
*'  the  better." 

The  diredtion  for  making  flies,  contained 
in  this  book,  are,  as  one  would  cxpefl:,  very 
inartificial :  we  fliall  therefore  only  add,  that 
the  authorefs  advifes  the  angler  to  be  pro- 
vided with  twelve  different  forts,  between 
wh?ch  and  Walton^i  -f  twelve,  the  difference 
is  fo  very  fmall,  as  well  in  the  order  as  the 

*  Or  Frog.  M  ifijh. 

t  Vid,  CompU  Angl,  pzg.  io6. 

manner 


4i 


[  xxvii  ] 

fflanner  of  deferibiog  them,  that  there  cannot 
remain  the  leaft  doubt  but  he  had  feen,  suid 
attentively  perufed»  this  ancient  treatife. 

The  book  concludes  with  fome  general 
cautions,  among  which  are  thefe  that  follow  i 
which  at  leaft  ferve  to  (hew,  how  long  ang* 
liDg  has  been  looked  on  as  an  auxiliary  to 
contemplation. 

^^  Alfo^  ye  (hall  not  ule  this  forfayd  crafty 
''  dyfporte,  for  no  covetyfenes,  to  the  en* 
^*  creafynge  and  fparynge  of  your  money 
"  oonly,  but  pryncypally  for  your  folace, 
*^  and  to  caufe  the  helthe  of  your  body»  and 
**  fpecyally  of  your  foule :  for  whanne  ye 
^<  purpoos  to  goo  on  your  dyi)>ortes  in  fyf- 
'*  (hyng,  ye  woU  not  defyre  gretly  many 
''  perfones  wyth  you,  whiche  myghte  lette 
^<  you  of  your  game.  And  thenne  ye  may 
"  ferve  God  devowtly  in  faycnge  afFeftu- 
^'  oufly  youre  cuftumable  prayer ;  and  thus 
^^  doynge  ye  (ball  efchewe  and  voide  many 
^*  vices/' 

But  to  return  to  the  laft-mentloned  work 
of  our  author.  The  Complete  Angler ;  it  came 
into  the  world  attended  with  laudatory 
verfes  by  feveral  writers  of  that  day^  and  had 
in  the  title-page,  though  Walton  thought 
proper  to  omit  it  in  the  future  editions^  this 
^ppofite  motto : 

•*   SlMOM 


XXVIU  J 


J^    AJiLVIU    J 

**  SrMON  Peter  faid,  I  go  a  fifliingi 
.  *'  and  they  faid,  we  alfo  will  go  with 
*«  thee/'     *y^i6«  xxi.  i. 


MMM       •M^^J         .w^,  w,    ^ 

thee/'     y^i6«  xxi. 


What  reception  in  general  the  book  met 
withy  may  be  naturally  inferred  from  the 
dates  of  the  fubfequent  editions  thereof; 
the  fecond  I  have  never  been  able  to  fee,  but . 
the  third  came  abroad  about   1660,  and  a 
fourth  in  i668.     It  is  pleafing  to  trace  the 
feveral .  variations  which  the  author,  from 
time  to  time,  made  in  thofe  fubfequent  edi-. 
tions,  as  well  by  adding  new  fads  a|nd  dif- 
coveries,  as  enlarging  on  the  more  enter-*  ^ 
taining  parts  of  the  dialogue :  and  fo  far  did 
he  indulge  himfelf  in  this  method  of  im^* 
provement^  that  the  third  and  fourth  edi- 
tions of  his  book  have  feveral  entire  new  - 
chapters ;  and  the  fifth,  the  laft  of  the  edi- 
tions publiihed  in  his  life-tinie,  contains  no 
lefs  than  eight  chapters  more  than  the  firft, 
and  twenty  pages  more  than  the  fourth. 

Nor  did  the  reputation  of  the  Complete 
Angler  fubfift  only  in  the  opinions  of  thofe 
for  whofe  ufe  it  was  more  peculiarly  calcu-f 
lated,  but  even  the  learned,  either  from  the 
known  character  of  the  author,  or  thofe  in^ 
ternal  evidences  of  judgment  and  veracity 
contained  in  it,  coqfidered  it  as  a  work  pf 
merit,  and  for  various  purpofes  referred  to 
its  authority ;  DD(3:or  Thomas  Fuller^  in  bis 

fForfAfeSf 


.         [  xxix  ] 

Worthies^  whenever  he  has  occafion  to  fpeak 
of  fifh,  ufes  his  very  words*.  Dodor  Plot 
in  his  hiftory  of  StaffordJfArCf  has,  on  the 
authority  of  our  author^  related  two  of  the 
inftances  of  the  voracity  of  the  Pike,  men* 
tioned  Part  I.  Chap.  VIIF.  and  confirmed 
them  by  two  other  iignal  ones,  that  had 
then  lately  fallen  out  in  that  county  *(*• 
And  laftly,  Do€tor Siinner,  in  his  Etymologic- 
cpn  Lingua  Anglicana^  Lond.  FoL  i67i. 
Voce  Fulimart,  gives  us  to  underftand,  that 
it  is,  Fox  qua  nufquam^  nifi  in  hibro  the 
Complete  Angler  di3o^  occurrit. 

To  purfue  the  fubjedt  of  his  Biographical 
writings;  about  two  years  after  the  reftoration 
Walton  wrote  i}^^\\itoi^x ^Richard Hooker^ 
author  of  the  Ecclefiajlical  Polity  ^  he  was  en* 
joined  to  undertake  this  work  by  his  friend 
Dodor  Gilbert  Sheldon  %%  afterwards  arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury ;  who,  by  the  way,  was 
an  angler  §.    Bifliop  Kingt  in  a  letter  to  the 

*  Worthies  of  England  in  Birkjbire^  %i.  Dorfetfl>ire'^ 
277.  -Km/,  77- 

t  Hift.  ox  Stafford/bin  J  Chap.  V{I.  §.  37.  Sec  alfo 
in  the  following  fe&ion,  a  well-attefted  account  of  the 
taking  a  brace  of  Carp  \  the  one  a  melter  thirty-three 
inches  long,  and  nineteen  and  a  half  about,  weighing 
fifteen  pounds  ;  the  other  a  fpawner,  about  two  feet 
fix  inches  long,  and  twenty  and  a  half  round,  weighing 
fourteen  pounds ;  the  fcales  of  each  being  near  as  broad 
as  a  half-crown  piece. 

X  Walton*^  Epift.  to  the  reader  of  the  Lives,  in  Svo^ 
1675. 

CompL  JngL  edit.  1676.  pag.  211. 

author. 


it 

4€ 


author  *,  fays  of  this  life;  ^'  I  have,  ofttd 
feen  Mr.  Hooker  with  my  father,  who  was 
after  bifhop  of  London^  from  whom,  and 
**  others  at  that  time,  I  have  heard  moft  of 
f*  the  material  paffages  which  you  relate  in 
'*  thehiftoryofhislife."    Sir  fTil/iam  Dug^ 
dale,  fpeaking  of  the  three  pofthumous  books 
of  the  Ecclejiajikal  Polity^  refers  the  reader 
to  that  feafonable  hiftorical  difcourfe  lately 
compiled  atid  publifhed,  with  great  judg- 
ment  and  integrity,   by  that  much-de- 
ferving  perfon,  Mr.  Ifaac  Walton  •!«."    In 
this  life  we  are  told,  that  Hooker^  while  he 
was  at  college,  made  a  vifit  to  the  famous 
DoSor  Jewel,  then  bifhop  of  Salijbury,  his 
good  friend  and  patron  :  an  account  of  the 
biihop's  behaviour,  at  his  departure,  as  it 
contains  a  lively  pidlure  of  his  fimplicity 
and  goodnefs,  and  of  the  plain  manners  of 
thofe  times,  is  given  in  the  note  %. 

The 

♦  Before  the  Lives. 

t  Short  View  of  the  late  Troubles  in  England,  Fol. 
j68i.  pag.  39. 

J  *«  As  foon  as  he  was  perfeftly  recovered  from  this 
**  ficknefs,  he  took  a  journey  from  Oj[/iri  to  jG';ir;?/^r,  to 
**  fatisfy  and  fee  his  good  mother;  being  accompa- 
^'  nied  with  a  countryman  and  companion  of  his  own 
<'  college,  and  both  on  foot ;  which  was  then  either 
•*  more  in  fafhion,  or  want  of  money,  or  their  humi- 
^^  lity  made  it  fo :  but  on  foot  they  went,  and  took 
♦«  Salijhury  in  their  way,  purpofely  to  fee  the  good 
♦*  bifhop,  who  made  Mr.  Hooker  and  his  companion 
^*  diw  wi^h  hiip  at  \(y%  oyto  ^§We ;  which  Mr.  Hooker 

h     -  •  ; 


f  XXXI  ] 

The  life  of  Mr.  George  Berierf,  as  it 
ilands  the  fourth  and  lad  in  the  volume 
wherein  that  and  the  three  fornier  are  col- 
le£ted,  feetns  to  have  been  written  the  next 
after  Hooter's :  it  was  firft  publi(hed  in  Duo^ 
decimo^  1670.  Walton  profcffes  himfelf  m 
itrangcr  as  to  the  perfon  of  Herbert  ♦ ;  and 
though  he  aifures  us  his  life  of  him  was  % 
free-will-offering  -f*,  it  iB  no  way  inferior  to 
any  of  the  former. 


*^  boafted  of  with  mucb  joj  and  graticude,  when  hk 
(aw  his  mother  and  friends.  And,  at  the  bt(hop*a 
parting  with  him,  the  bifliop  gave  him  good  coui»- 
^*  fel,  and  his  benedidion,  but  forgot  to  give  him 
^  money;  which,  when  the  bilhop  had  confidered^ 
^<  he  fent  a  fervant,  in  all  hafte,  to  call  Rtcbard  back 
^'  to  him ;  and  at  Richard's  return,  the  bifhap  faid  ta 
•*  him,  Richard^  1  fent  for  you  back  to  lend  you  a 
^^  horfe,  which  hath  carried  me  many  a  mile,  and,  I 
^^  thank  God,  with  much  eafe  %  and  prefendy  deli-* 
^'  vered  into  his  hand  a  walking«ftafF,  with  which  he 
'<  profefled  he  had  travelled  through  many  parts  of 
**  GerTnany-y  and  he  faid,  Richard,  /  do  not  ^/w> 
bui  lend  you  my  barfi :  be  fwre  ym  be  bonejly  and  bring 
my  horfe  back  to  me  at  your  return  this  way  to  OxfoRCu 
^^  And  I  do  now  give  you  ten  groats,  to  bear  your  charges 
"  to  Exeter ;  and  here  is  ten  groats  more^  xvhich  I  charge- 
•'  you  to  deh'ver  to  your  mother ;  and  tell  her^  I  fend  her 
^*  a  hi/hop* s  benediSlion  with  itj  and  beg  the  continuana 
''  of  her  prayers  for  me>  And  if  you  bring  my  h:rfe  hack 
**  to  me,  I  will  give  you  ten  groats  more  to  cat  ry  you  ot^ 
**  foot  to  the  college^  andfo  Godblefsyouy  good  Richard.*' 
tralton\  Lives,  pag.  163. 
♦  Introd.  to^  Herbert's  Life. 
t  Epiftle  toi  the  rcadci  of  the  Lives..    Edit,  1675. 

Two 


«4 


Two  tJf  the fe  lives,  viz.  ihoCe  6f  HotiAe^ 
and  Herbert i  we  arc  told,  were  written  unddi 
the  roof  of  Walton  %  good  friend  and  patron  > 
Dr.  George  Morley^  bilhop  of  Winchejier  *  i 
.which  particular  feems  to  agree  with  Woods 
account,  that,  "  after  his  quitting  Juondon^ 
'*  he  lived  moftly  in  the  families  of  the  emi*- 
"  nent  clergy  of  that  time  j"  and  who  that 
confiders  the  inofFenfivenefs  of  his  manners^ 
and  the  pains  he  took  in  celebrating  the  lives 
and  adlions  of  good  men,  can  doubt  his  be- 
.  iflg  much  beloved  by  them  ? 

' riTC/^^^    In  the  year  1 67  c,  thefe  lives  were  col- 
*^>.     leded  and  publREcd  in  fmall  Oftavo,  with 
a  dedication  to  the  bifliop  of  Winchejier^ 
And  a  preface,  containing  the  motives  for 
writing  them  5  this  preface  is  followed  by  a 
^l^^ycopy  of  verfes,  by  his  inlimate  friend  and 
;/,^^^^  adopted  fon  -f,  Charles  Cotton^  oi  Beresford 
/   /    in  Staffordpire,  Efq;  of  whom  further  men- 
tion will  hereafter  be  made,  and  the  letter 
from  biftiop  King^  fo  often  referred  to  in  the 
courfe  of  this  life. 

The  Complete  Angler  having,  in  the  fpace 
of  twenty-three  years,  gone  through  fouredi* 
tions,  Walton  in  the  year  1676,  and  in  th^ 
eighty-third  of  his  age,  was  preparing  a  fifth, 
with  additions  for  the  prefs  5  when  Mr.  Cot^ 


♦  Dedication  of  the  Lives.     Edit.  1675. 
^  Compl.  JngL  Part  II. 


ton 


ton  wrote  a  fecond  part  of  that  work.     It 

feems  Mr.  Cotton  fubmitted  the  manufcript 

to  fTa/ton's  perufaU  who  returned  it  with 

his  approbation  *,  and  a  few  marginal  flric- 

tures;  and  in  that  year  they  came  abroad 

together.     Mr.  Cotton's  book  had  the  title 

of  the  Complete  Angler  ;  iang  InJlruC'- 

tions  bow  to  angle  for  a  Trout  or  Grayling, 

in  a  clear  Jiream,  Part  II.  and  it  has  ever 

iihce  been  received  as  a  fecond  part  of  H^al^ 

ton's  book.     In  the  title  page  is  a  cypher, 

compoied  of  the  initial  letters  of  both  their 

names ;  which  cypher,  Mr.  Cotton  tells  us, 

he  had  caufed  to  be  cut  in  Aone,  and  fet  up 

over  a  fi(hing-houfe  ^f*,  that  he  had  eredbed 

near  his  dwelling,  on  the  bank  of  the  little 

river  Dove^  which  divides  the  counties  of 

Stafford  and  Derby. 

Mr.Cottons  book  is  a  judicious  fupplement 
to  Walton's ;  for  it  mufl  not  be  concealed^ 
that  Walton^  though  he  was  fo  expert  an 
angler,  knew  but  little  of  fly^fiihing ;  and 
indeed  he  is  fo  ingenuous  as  to  confefs,  that 
the  greater  part  of  what  he  has  faid  on  that 
fubjedt,  was  communicated  to  him  by  Mr« 
Thomas  Barker  J,  and  not  the  refult  of  his 
own  experience.  This  Mr.  Barker  was  a 
good-humoured  gofliping  old  man,  and 
feems  to  have  been  a  cook  i  for  he  fays,  ^'  he 

*  Sec  ff^alton's  letter  to  Cottottj  before  the  ad  Part* 
t  CompL  Angl.  Part  11.  Page  9, 
i  CmpL  AngU  Page  xi2. 

b  ••  had 


(  X3CXi<r  j 

V  had  been  admitted  into  the  mdii  amtafJa-^ 
"  dors  kitchens  that  had  come  to  England 
**  for  forty  years,  and  dreft  fi(h  for  them  /"  for 
which,  he  fays,  '*  he  was  duly  paid  by  the 
**  lord  protestor  *."  He  fptetrt  a  great  deal  of 
tinaCj  and,  it  feems,  money  too,  in  fi(hing  ; 
and,  in  the  htter  part  of  his  life,  dwelt  inr 
an  almfhoufe  near  thtGateboufe,  at  Wejimin- 
fier^  A  few  years  after  the  firft  publication 
of  ^tf //(7«*s  book,  viz.  in  1659,  hcpubli(h- 
ed  a  book,  entitled  Barker's  Delight y  or  the 
Art  of  Angling.  And,  for  that  fingular  vein 
of  humour  that  runs  through  it,  a  moft 
diverting  book  it  is.  The  dedication  of  thid 
performance  to  Edward,  lord  Montague^ 
general  bfihe  navy,  is  given  in  the  mar- 
gin ^ ;  and  the  reader  will  meet  with  fome 

fur** 

*  'Baxter' %  t>eltghi^  f  agef  20. 

t  '*  Noble  Lord, 
^*  I  do  prefent  this  my  book  as  I  have  named  itj 
"  li(vtker*^iyeltght^X.o'^OMx\iOViO\sx.  I  pray  God  fend  y^u 
*'  fafehom^  ia your  good  Iddy  and  fweet  babes.  Amen^Anun^ 
**  If  youihall  find  any  thing  delightful  in  the  reading 
•*  of  ity  I  fhall  heartily  rejoice  ;  for  I  know  you  are 
**  oncwho  takes  delight  in  that  pleafu:re,and  have  good 
"  judgmentand  experience, as  manynoble  perfons  and 
•*  gentlemen  of  true  piety  and  honour  do  and  have. 
•*  The  favour  that  I  have  found  from  you,  and  a  great 
**  many  more,  that  did  and  d6  love  that  pleafure,  ihall 
•'  "never  be  bury'd  in  oblivion  by  me.  I  am  now  growri 
*'  old,  and  am  willing  to  enlarge  my  little  book.  I 
•*  have  written  no  more  but  my  own  experience  snd 
**  practice  j  and  have  fet  forth  the  true  ground  of  apg- 

*'  ling. 


[   XXXV   ] 

farther  /pccimens  of  the  author's  flylc  and 
manner  of  writing  in  the  notes  on  the  prc- 
fent  edition. 

But  Cotton  lived  in  a  country,  where  fly- 
fifhing  was,  and  is,  almoll  the  only  pradice  ; 


ling,  which  I  have  been  gathering  thcfe  thrccfcorc 
years  j  having  fpent  many  pounds  in  the  gaining  of 
"  it,  as  is  well  known  in  the  place  where  1  was  born 
•*  and  educated,  which  is  Bract fiuale^  in  the  liberty  of 
*'  Salop -^  being  a  freeman  and  burgefs  of  the  fame  city. 
•*  If  anynohh  or  gentle  angler^  of  what  degree  fotver  he  be^ 
•*  have  a  mind  to  difcowfe  of  any  of  theje  ways  and  expe* 
♦*  rimentSj  I  live  in  henry  the  Vlith's  GiftSj  the  next 
•'  door  to  the  Gatehoufe^  in  Wejlmlnjler  \  my  name  is 
'*  Barker \  wherelihali  be  ready,  as  long  as  pleafcGod, 
•^  to  fatisfy  them,  and  maintain  my  art  during  life, 
''  which  is  not  like  to  belong  ;  tljdt  the  younger  fry 
"  may  have  my  experiments  at  a  fmallcr  charge  than 
"  I  had  them  ;  for,  it  would  be  too  heavy  for  every 
**  one  that  loveth  that  exercife,  to  be  at  the  charge  as 
•'  I  was  at  firft  in  my  youth, -the  Ids  of  my  time, 
•*  with  great  expcnces.  Therefore  I  took  it  in  con- 
*•  fideration,  and  thought  fit  to  let  it  be  underftood, 
•'  and  to  take  pains  to  let  forth  the  true  grounds  and 
•'  ways  that  I  have  found,  by  experience,  both  for 
•*  fitting  of  the  rods  and  tackles,  both  for  ground- 
"  baits  and  flies  ;  with  dircdions  for  the  making 
**  thereof;  with  obfervations  for  times  and  feafons, 
•'  for  the  ground-baits  and  flies,  both  for  day  and 
••  night,  with  the  dreiling ;  wherein  I  take  as  much 
••  delight  as  in  the  taking  of  them  ;  and  to  (hew  how 
**  I  can  perform  it,  to  furniifh  any  lord's  table  only 
**  with  Trouts,  as  it  is  furaifhed  with  flelh,  for  i6 
•*  or  20  difhes.  And  1  have  a  defire  to  preferve  their 
•*  health  (with  the  help  of  God)  to  go  dry  in  their 
**  boots  and  (hoes  in  angling  *i  for  age  takcth  th« 
•*  pleafure  from  me." 

•  See  his  rccip*  for  this  piirpofe,  in  the  Notes  oa  Chap.  XVII. 

b  2  8^(>d 


V 


[  txxvi  ] 

and  indeed,  he  feems  to  have  kffown  more  df , 
it  than  moft  men  of  his  time.  Not  to  anti- 
cipate what  will  be  found  in  the  book,  it 
may  be  neceflary  to  fay,  that  there  is  great 
fpirit  in  the  dialogue  j  and  that  the  fame 
converfable,  communicative  temper  appears 
in  it,  that  fo  eminently  diftinguiOies  the 
piece  it  accompanies. 

The  defcriptions  of  flies,  with  the  mate-* 
rials  for,  and  different  methods  of  making 
them,  though  they  may  adimit  of  fome  im- 
provement, and  accordingly  the  reader  will 
meet  with  feveral  valuable  ones  in  the  notes 
on  the  chapter  of  artificial  flies,  are  indifpu- 
tably  the  mod  exaft  and  copious  of  all  that 
have  ever  yet  been  publiflied. 

At  the  end  of  the  fecond  part,  though  m 
this  edition,  it  has  been  thought  proper  to 
tranfpofe  them,  are  fome  verfes  of  Cotton's 
writing,  which  he  calls  TAe  Retirement^  or 
Stanzes.  Irreguliers  :  of  them,  and  alfo  of 
the  book,  take  this  charadler  from  Lang^ 
ifaine :  "  This  book  is  not  unworthy  the  pe- 
'  "  rufal  of  the  graveft  men  that  are  lovers  of 
^'  this  innocent  recreation  s  and  thofe  who 

are  not  anglers,    but  have  a  tafte  for 

poetry,  may  find  Mr.  Cottons  charafter 
^*  better  defcribed  by  himfelf,  in  a  copy  of 
5^  verfes,  printed  at  the  end  of  that  books 
*^  called  The  Retirement ^  than  any  I  might 
^^  orefent  the  reader  from  Col.  Lovelace^  Sir 
*^  AJlon  Cockaine,  Robert  Herrick^  Efq;  or 

*♦   Mr. 


€C 


[  xxxvii  ] 

*^  Mr.  Alexander  Brome ;  all  which  have 
"  writ  verfes  in  our  author's  praifc ;  but  in 
'*  my  poor  judgment,  far  mort  of  thcfc 
"  Stanzes  Irreguliers  *." 

In  fliort,  thefe  books  contain  a  great  num- 
ber of  excellent  rules,  and  valuable  difcovc- 
ries ;  and  it  may,  with  truth  be  faid,  that 
few  have  ever  perufed  them,  but  have,  un- 
lefs  it  was  their  own  fault,  found  themfclves 
not  only  better  anglers,  but  better  men. 

A  book  which  ha^i  been  publifhed  by  Col. 
Robert  Venables^  (bme  years  before,  called 
^^Experienced  Angler^  or  Angling  improved^ 
which  has  its  merit,  was  alfo  now  reprinted, 
and  the  bookfellers  prefixed  to  it  a  general 
title  of  the  Univerfal  Angler  i  under  which 
they  fbmetimes  fold  the  three,  bound  toge- 
ther :  but  the  book  being  written  in  a  man« 
ncr  very  different  from  that  of  the  Completi 
Angler^  it  was  not  thought  proper  to  let  it 
accompany  the  prefent  edition;  however, 
fome  ufe  has  been  made  of  it  in  the  notes. 
It  has  a  preface  figned  /,  IV ^  u  ndoubtedly  of 
Waltoti%  writing. 

Walton  was  now  in  his  eighty-third  year, 
an  age,  which,  to  ufe  his  own  words, 
*•  might  have  procured  him  a  writ  of  eafe  •f', 

•^  and 

♦  Lives  of  the  Englijb  dramatick  Poets,  Art.  Cha^ 
C^toTij  Efq; 

t  A  difcharge  from  the  office  of  a  judge,  or  the 

ilate  and  degree  of  a  ferjeant  at  law.     Dugd*  Orig, 

Jurid.  139.  that  good  man,  and  learned  judge.  Sir 

..  b  3  G^Qrgi 


[  xxxvili  ] 

*'  and  fccured  him  from  all  further  trouble 
**  in  that  kind  ;'*  when  he  undertook  to 
write  the  life  of  Doctor  Robert  Sander/on^ 
biftiop  of  luincoln  *^  which  was  publifhed, 
together  with  feveral  of  the  hilltop's  pieces^ 
and  a  fermon  of  tiooker^i  in  OSiavOy  1 677  •f'. 
And,  fince  little  has  been  faid  of  the  fiib- 
jedls  of  thefe  feveral  lives,  it  may  not  be 
amifs  juft  to  mention  what  kind  of  men  they 
were  whom  Walton^  and  indeed,  mankind 
in  general,  thought  fo  well  worthy  to  be 
iignalized  by  him. 

George  Croke^  had  obtained  it  fome  time  before  the 
u^riting  of  Sanderfon^s  life.  l»ife  ©f  Sir  George  Croke^ 
\n  thtf  preface  to  his  Reports,  Vol.  III. 

♦  See  the  letter  from  bifhop  ^jr/^w  to  ^f^//^»,  at 
the  end  of  Sanderfon*^  life, 

+  The  following  curious  particular,  relating  to  king 
Charter  the  firft,  is  mentioned  in  this  life  of  Sanderfon  j 
^hich,  as  none  of  our  hiftorians  have  taken  notice  of 
jt,  is  here  given  in  WaltotCs  own  words  :  "  And  let 
f^  meJie>re  take  occafion  to  tell  the  reader  this  truths 
♦*  not  commonly  known,  that  in  one  of  thefe  con^ 
**  ferencesthis  confcientious  king  told  Dr.  Sanderfon^ 
**  or  one  of  them  that  then  waited  with  him,  that? 
^'  the  remembrance  of  two  errors  did  much  aiHi£i: 
♦*  him,  which- wete,  his  affent  to  the  earl  oi  Strafford's 
**  death j  and  the.abQlifhing  epifcopacy  in  Scotland: 
•'  and  that,  if  God  ever  reftdred  him  to  be  in  a  peace- 
•*  able  pofleflaoif  of  his  crown,  he  would  demonftrate 
•'  his  repentance  by  a  publick  confefSon,  and  a  volun- 
^*  tary  penance,  (I  think  barefoot)  from  the  Tower 
^*  q(  London^  ov  fi^iteball,  to  St.  jP^7«/*s  church,  and 
♦'  .dtftre  the  people  tq.. intercede  with  God  for  his 
*^  pattion.  I  am  fure  one  of  them  told  it  me,  lives 
f}  ftijlj-and  will  witnefs  it.'*    Life  of  Sander/on. 

Doftor 


u    t 


[  acxxix  ] 

Dodor  yobn  Donne  was  born  in  LmJcn, 
about  the  year  J  573.  At  the  age  of  eleven 
he  was  fent  to  Oxford^  from  thence  he  was 
tranfpknted  to  Cam^r/^;  where  he  applied 
bunfelf  veiy  affiduoufly  to  the  then  fa(hion- 
able  ftudy  of  fchool  divinity.  At  Seventeen 
he  was  admitted  of  Lincoln  s-Jnn ;  but  not 
having  determined  what  profeiTion  to  foU 
I0W9  and  being  befides  not  thoroughly  iet« 
tied  in  his  notions  of  religion^  he  made  him- 
felf  mafter  of  the  Romijb  controverfy,  and 
became  deeply  fkilied  in  the  civil  and  canon 
law.  He  was  one  of  the  many  young  gen- 
tlemen that  attended  the  earl  of  Eff'ex  on 
the  Cales  expedition;  at  his  return  from 
which,  he  became  iecretary  to  the  lord 
chancellor  Ellefmere.  Being  very  youngs 
he  fell  paffionately  in  love  with,  and  pri- 
vately married,  a  niece  of  lady  Ellefmere ; 
one  of  the  unhappy  confequences  of  which 
ftep  was,  that,  upon  the  rcprefentaticps  of 
Sir  George  Moor^  his  wife's  father,  who  was 
very  much  exafperated,  he  was  difmifTed 
from  his  attendance  on  the  lord  chancellor : 
)ie  languished  under  great  diftrefs  and  po- 
verty ^  till  about  161^,  when,  haying  been 

prevailed 

^  In  a  letter  of  his  to  ap  intimate  friend,  is  the  fo|<* 
lowing  moft  aiFe£ling  paiTage :  **  There  is  not  one  per- 
^*  fon  but  rayfelf  well  of  my  family :  I  have  already  loft 
**  half  a  child,  and  with  that  mifchance  of  hcr's,  my 
**  wife  is  fallen  into  fucb  a  difcompofure,  as  would 
^*  affli£l  her  too  extremely,  but  that  the  fickncfs  of  r" 

b  4.  *' 


^#rci. 


prevailed  on  by  his  friends  to  enter  Into  or- 
ders, he  was  made  dean  of  St.  Pauh-,  bu^ 
the  misfortunes  attending  his  marriage  had 
not  only  broke  his  fpirit,  but  fo  impaired  his 
conflitution,  that  be  fell  into  a  lingering 
confumption,.  of  which  he  died  in  i<33i. 
Befides  a  great  number  of  fermons,  and  ^ 
difcourfe  on   fuicide,    he   has  left  of  his 
writing,  letters  to  feveral  perfons  of  honour, 
in  ^arto,  1651,  and  a  volume  of  poems  firft 
published,  and  as  there  is  reafon  to  fuppofe 
^ -  'by  Walton  himfelf,vin_  16^ g  ;  but  laft,  in 
J  7 1 9,  among  which  are,  fix  mod  fpirite4 
fatires,  feveral  whereof  Mr.  Pope  has  lately 
^A^    modernized.     He  was  a  man  or  exemplary 
^  ^'virtue  and  holinefs,  and,  for  the  greatnefs  of 
bis  parts,  and  the  univerfality  of  his  learning, 
has  been  compared  to  Picus  of  Mirandola. 

Sir  Henry  Wotton  was  born  in  1 578.  Aftei; 
he  had  finilhed  his  ftudies  at  Oxford^  he  re- 
fided  in  France^  Germany^  and  Italy  \  and  a^; 
Jiis  return,  attended  the  earl  of  E^;^.  He 
was  employed  by  king  James  the  firft,  in 
feveral  foreign  negotiations,  and  went  ambaC- 
fador  to  Venice ;  upon  his  return  to  England^ 

/  •  •  • 

*'  her  other  children  ftupifies  her ;  of  one  of  which  j 
*'  in  goo4  faith,  1  have  not  much  hope ;  and  thef6 
^*  meet  with  a  fortune  fo  ill  provided  for  phyfick,  and 
**  fuch  relief,  that  ?f  God  fhould  eafe  us  with  burials, 
**  I  Know  not  hotv  to  perform  even  that.  But  1 
^^  flatter  myfelf  with  this  hope,  that  I  am  dying  too  i 
*<  for  I  cannot  wafte  Yafter  than  by  fuch  griefs. 
Colleft,  of  the  lives  in  1675.  P^g^^O, 

'•  ■ '  ' 'he 


^jf^i 


k 


[  A 1 

U  was  made  provoft  of  Eton  college,  v/hlch 
honourable  ftation  he  held  till  his  death. 
He  was  a  man  of  great  parts  and  learning  : 
there  are  extant  of  his  works,  ji  View  of  the 
pate  of  Chriftendom^  in  Folio^  and  the  volume 
oi  Remains^  heretofore  mentioned,  in  which 
are  his  Elements  of  ArcbiteSiure  * ;  but  his 
long  refidence  abroad  had  greatly  corrupted 
his  ftyle  ;  'which,  though  it  conveys  excel- 
lent fentiments  and  obfervations,  is,  Jike 
Sir  William  Temples^  too  afFedtedly  full  of 
QalJicifms,  and  other  foreign  modes  of  ex- 
preffion,  to  be  read  with  pleafure  -f-. 

Hooker's  book  of  Ecclejiajiical  Polity  is 
fufiiciently  known ;  fior  was  the  author  lefs 
valuable  as  a  man,  than  excellent  as  a  writer  i 
I)e,  as  \yell  as  the  former,  was  known  to 
WaltOHf  and  certainly  merited  the  charadler 
he  has  given  hrm, 

Herbert  was  of  a  noble  family ;  he  had 
4  frail  body*  hut  a  vigorous  mind,  though  of 
^  very  afcetick  turn ;  he  wrote  little  elfc  be- 
fides  poetry,  which  is  altogether  of  the  reli- 
gious kind.  At  Cambridge  he  was  celebrate 
^d  for  his   parts,  and  in   1619  was  cho- 

*  This  treatife  of  Sir  Henry*s  is,  undoubtedly,  the 
;ft  on  the  fubje£l,  of  any  in  the  modern  languages  : 
few  years  after  his  death  it  was  tranflated  into  Latirt^ 
nd  printed  at  the  end  of  Vitruviusy  with  an  eulogium 
a  the  author. 

t  As  where  he  fays,  **  At  Augufta  /  took  language 
^  that  the  princes  and  ftates  of  the  union  had  defeired 
•  that  afl'cmbly,*'    Reltqu.  Wotton.  489. 
'       ^  ^  fen 


[  xlii  ] 

fen  univerfity  orator.  Bifhop  Hacket,  in 
his  life  of  archbifliop  Williams^  page  i  y^^ 
mentions  a  ftrange  circumftance  of  him  j 
which,  for  the  fingular  manner  of  relating 
it,  take  it  in  his  own  words  :  "  Mr.  George 
<<  Herbert f  being  pr®le6lor  in  the  rhetorick 
*^  fchool  in  Cambridge,  anno  i  6 1 8,  paiTed  by 
*^  thofe  fluent  orators  that  domineered  in  the 
«*  pulpits  of  Athens  and  Rome,  and  infiftec} 
*^  to  read  upon  an  oration  of  king  James  j 
•*  which  he  analyfed,  fliewed  the  concin- 
**  nity  of  the  parts  i  the  propriety  of  the 
**  phrafe  5  the  height  and  power  of  it,  to 
<^  move  afFedions;  the  ftyle,  utterly 

*♦  UNKNOWN  TO  THE  ANTIENTS,  whq 

**  could  not  conceive  what  kingly  eloquence 
«*  was  5  in  refped  of  which,  thofe  nbte4 

Demagogi  were  but  hirelings,  and  triobor> 

lary  rhetoricians." 

If  it  were  not  that  the  bi(hop*s  account  of 
this  matter  is  fo  ridiculous  as  to  ingrofs  one's 
whole  attention,  one  would  be  naturally  led 
to  enquire,  whether  Mr.  Herbert  was  really 
fo  deftitute  of  fincerity  and  common  fenfe,  as 
to  think  and  reafdn  in  this  manndr;  or 
whether  the  eafinefs  of  his  nature  could  fofar 
difpofe  him  to  comply  with  the  then  fafliion- 
able  praftice  of  celebrating  the  learning  and 
eloquence  of  this  (hallow  monarch,  as  this 
prelate  would  have  us  believe;  his  known 
goodnefs  and  contempt  of  riches  and  prefer- 
ment, added  to  the  general  reputation  .  of 
6  his 


cc 

cc 


[  xlUi  ] 

ifis  ingenuity  and  parts^  muft  incline  one  to 
acquit  him  of  fuch  meannefs,  and  to  alcribe 
this  extravagant  encomium  to  the  invention 
of  a  mind,  incapable  of  fuggefting  to  its 
pofTefTor  any  other  means  of  prdferment 
than  the  moft  abjed  flattery. 

Sanderfon  was  a  man  of  very  acute  parts^ 
and  famous  for  his  deep  fkill  in  cafuiftry  ; 
that  fort  of  learning  was  formerly  much  cul- 
tivated among  the  Romijh  divines,  with  a 
view  to  qualify  the  younger  clergy  for  the 
office  of  confeflion  ;  and  it  continued  in  fa- 
shion here,  longer  after  the  reformation  than 
it  was  ufcful.     In  the  year  1 647  he  drew  up 
the  famous  Ojc/^ri  reafons  againft  the  cove* 
hant,  which  difcover  amazing  penetration  and 
fagacity;  andfodiftinguifhedhim,  that,  at  the 
reftoration»  he  was  promoted  to  the  bifliop- 
rick  of  Lincoln.    In  1 66 1  he,  by  virtue  of  a 
commiffion  from  king  Charles  the  fecond, 
affiled  at  a  conference  at  the  Savoy ^  between 
the  epifcopal  clergy   and  prefbyterian  di- 
vines, for  fettling  a  liturgy  *,  and  died  in 
1 662.     There  are  extant  of  his  works,  be- 
fides  a  volume  of  fermons,  in  Foliot  Cafes  of 
Confcience^  in  Duodecimo^  and  feveral  pieces 
printed  at  the  end  of  his  life.     Walton  s 
acquaintance  with  this  eminent  perfon  had  a 
very  eady  commencement ;  and  what  de- 

*  Complete  Hift,  of  Eng.  Vol.  III.  Page  253. 
'  . '  grec 


gree  of  intimacy  fubfifted  between  thendf 
will  appear  by  the  following  account,  which 
fufficiently  charafterizes  the  humility  of  the 
good  dodlor,  and  the  fimplicity  of  honeft 
Jfaac.  **. About  the  time  of  his  printing 
**  this  excellent  preface  [to  his  fermons  firfl: 
**  printed  in  1 655]  I  met  him  accidentally  in 
*^  London,  in  fad-coloured  cloaths,  and,  God 
knows,  far  from  being  coftly .  The  place 
of  our  meeting  was  near  to  Little  Britain ; 
*'  where  he  had  been  to  buy  a  book,  which 
^'  he  then  had  in  his  hand.  We  had  no  in- 
clination to  part  prefently ;  and  therefor? 
turned,  to  ftand  in  a  corner 9  under  zpent^ 
houfe  (for  it  began  to  rain)  and  immedi- 
•'  ately  the  wind  rofe,  and  the  rain  increafed 
*'  fo  much,  that  both  became  fo  inconve-- 
nient,  as  to  force  us  into  a  cleanly  houfe  -^ 
where  we  bad  bread,  cbeefe^  ale,  and  ^ifire^ 
for  our  money.  This  rain  and  wind  were 
fo  obliging  to  me,  as  to  force  our  ftay 
there,  for  at  leaft  an  hour,  to  my  great 
'*  content  and  advantage;  for  in  that  time, 
*'  he  made  to  me  many  ufeful  obfervations, 
*'  with  much  clcarnefs  and  confcientious 
**  freedom  *." 

Such  were  the  perfons,  whofe  virtues^f^/- 
ton  was  fo  laudably  employed  in  celebrating ; 
and  furely  he  has  done  but  juftice  in  faying, 
that 

♦  Life  of  Sanderfon. 

^«  Thcfe 


€€ 
€C 
4€ 


I  a,] 

^  Thcfe  were  honourable  men  in  their  gc-* 
"  Derations"  EccIeJiaJiicusXLW .  7  ♦• 

And  indeed,  the  fame  may  be  faid  of  all 
his  friends ;  who  were  of  fuch  diftinguifhed 
charadcrs,  and  fo  many  in  number  -f-,  that 
it  is  matter  of  great  wonder,  by  what  means 
a  man,  in  bis  ftation,  could  obtain  admit- 
tance among  fo  illuftrious  a  fociety  ;  unlefs 
we  will  fuppofe,  as  doubtlefs  was  the  cafe, 
that  his  integrity  and  amiable  difpofition  at-> 
traded  the  notice,  and  concih'ated  the  affec- 
tions of  all  with  whom  he  had  any  concern. 

It  is  obfervable,  that  not  only  thefe,  but 
the  reft  of  Waitori%  friends,  were  eminent 
royalifts ;  and  that  he  himfelf  was  in  great 
repute  for  his  attachment  to  the  royal  caufe, 
will  appear  by  the  following  relation,  taken 
from  Ajkmole%  Hiftory  of  the  order  of  the 
garter,  page  228;  where  the  author  fpeak- 
ing  of  the  enfigns  of  the  order,  fays ;  "  Nor 
•*  will  it  be  unfitly  here  remembered,  by  what 
"  good  fortune  the  prefent  fovereign's  leffcr 
•*  George,  fet  with  fair  diamonds^  was  pre- 

♦  Motto  to  the  Colle£tion  of  Lives. 

f  In  the  number  of  his  intimate  friends  we  find 
Afchbifiiop  UJher^  Archbifhop  Sheldon^  ^'\iho^  Alert  on  y 
Bifho^  Barlow^  Di:  Fuller ^  D v.  Pricey  Vix.  Woodford y 
Dr.  Feailyy  Dr.  Hold/worthy  Sir  Edward  Byjhy  Mr. 
CranmeTy  and  that  celebrated  fchoUr  and  critick  Mr. 
John  Hales y  of  Eton. 

.    «^  ferved. 


€t 
€€ 


[  xM  J 

"  lervcdlf  after  the  defeat  given  to  the  Scofcl^ 
^«  forces  atfFbrcefier,  am*  4  Car.  11.  Among 
«<  the  reft  of  his  atttendants  then  difperfed^ 
^'  Colonel  Blague  was  one;  who,  (taking 
fhelter  it  B lore-pipe- boufe)  in  Stirffhrd-- 
Jhire^  where  one  Mr.  George  Barlow  then' 
<«  dwelt,  delivered  his  wife  this  G^or^e  to 
*«  fecure.  Within  a  week  after  .Mr.  jR^r- 
"  /(9W  hinafelf  carried  it  to  R^iert  Mtlfvar^, 
**  Efqj  he  being  then  a  prifoner  to  the.p^r- 
«*  liament,  in  thegarrifon  oi  Stafford  i  and 
<*  by  his  means  was  it  happily  preferved, 
«*  and  reftored  1  for  not  long  after  be  d^li* 
<'  vered  it  to  Mr.  Ifaac  Walton  (a  n^an  well 
^*  known,  and  as  well  beloved  of  all  good 
men ;  and  will  be  better  known  to  pofte- 
rity  by  his  ingenious  pen,  in  the  lives  of 
Dr.  Donn€y  Sir  Henry  fFottoniMr.  Richard 
*'  Hooker 9  and  Mr.  George  Herbert)  tp  be 
"  given  to  Colonel  JS/sig-a^,  then  a  prifoner  m 
**  the  Tower ;  who,  confidering  it  had  ^l- 
*^  ready  paft  fo  many  danglers,  was  per- 
««  fuaded  it  could  yet  fecure  one  hazardous 
attempt  of  his  own  ;  and  thereupon  lea- 
ving the  Tower,  without  leave-taking, 
haded  the  prcfentation  of  it  to  the  prefent 
fbvereign's  hand.** 
The  religious  opinions  of  good  men  are  of 
little  importance  to  others,  any  farther  than 
they  neceffarily  conduce  to  virtuous  practice; 
fince  we  fee  that,  as  well  the  different  per- 
fuaiions  of  papiil  and  proteftant,  as  the  fe- 

veral 


cc 
cc 


t  xlvii  3 

tefal  no  lefs  militant  parties  into  which  the 
irdbrnied  religion  is  unhappily  fubdividcd, 
have  produced  men  equally  remarkable  for 
their  talents,  and  exemplary  in  thei;:  lives  i 
but  were  it  neceflary  to  be  particular  on  this 
head,  with  refpei^  to  our  author,  we  Ihould 
fay  of  him,  that  he  was  a  very  dutiful  fon 
of  the  church  of  England  i  and  that  though 
he  &ems  to  fpeak  of  fuch  as  feparated  from 
it  with  feme  acrimony  ♦,  poflibly  the  age 
he  lived  in,  might,  in  fome  meafure,  excufe 
him.  He  had  lived  to  fee  hypocrify  called 
into  the  aid  of  a  caufe,  that  needed  no  fuch 
auxiliary ;  the  important  queftion  of  tolera- 
tion had  not  beeft  difcuifed ;  the  extent  of 
fegal  prerogative,  and  the  bounds  of  civil 
liberty,  had  never  been  afcertained  ;  and  he, 
like  many  other  good  men,  might  imagine 
the  interefts  of  the  church,  and  thofe  of 
tdigion,  infeparable. 

Befides  the 'works  of  Walton  sjbovc- 
tnentioned,  there  are  extant  of  his  writing, 
yerfes  on  the  death  of  Dr.  Donne,  begin- 
ning, "  Our  Donne  is  dead,**  verfes  before 
jilexander  Brome's  poems,  OSiavo,  1664, 
before  S^/r/^y 8  poems,  OSiavo,  1646,  and 
lytfortCartwright^s  plays  and  poems,  O^avo, 
1651.  He  wrote  alfo  the  following  Hoes 
under  a  printof  Dr.  Z)^;^;?^,  before  his  poems, 
publiflied  in  1639. 

♦  Complete  Angler ^  Page  130. 

This 


[  xlvlii  ] 

This  was  for  ycutb^  ftrengtb^  mtrtb^  and  wii^  that 

time 
Mojl  count  their  golden  age  * ;  T?ut  was  not  thine : 
^hine  was  thy  later  years,  Jo  much  refined 
From  youtVs  drofs,  mirthy  and  wit  5  as  thy  pure 

mind 
Thought  {like  the  angels)  nothing  but  the  praife 
Of  thy  Creator^  in  thofe  laji,  beji  days. 

fVitnefs  this  book^  {thy  emblem)  which  begins 

With  love  \  but  ends^  with  Jighs  and  tears  for 
fins. 

The  late  Mr.  Des  Maizeaux,  fome  yeara 
ago,  told  a  gentleman  now  living  •f*,  that 
there  were  feveral  letters  of  Walton  extant, 
in  the  Afhmolean  Mufeum,  relating  to  a  life 
of  Sir  Henry  Savi/e,  which  Walton  had  en- 
tertained thoughts  of  writing. 

In  1683,  when  he  was  ninety  years  old, 
he  ip\xh\\(htdL  Tbealma  and  Clearchus^  ti  paf- 
toralhiflory^  in  (moot b  and  eafy  verfe ;  written 

^^^Z  fi^^^  h  J^^^  Chalkhill,  Efq\  an  ac^ 
quaint  ant  and  friend  of  Edmund  Spenfer  : 
to  this  poem  he  wrote  a  preface,  containing 
a  very  amiable  charadpr  of  the  author. 

He  lived  but  a  very  little  time  after  the 
publication  of  this  poenar:  for,  as  WoodfsLys, 

*  Alluding  to  bis  age,  vtz.  eighteen,  when  the 
pi£):ure  was  painted  from  which  the  print  was  taken. 

f  The  very  learned  and  ingenious  William  OldySj 
Efq;  Norroy  king  at  arms,  to  whom  the  reader  and 
myfelf  are  indebted  for  the  life  of  Mr,  Cotton^  prefixed 
to  the  fecond  part  of  thi^work. 

^'  he 


[  *li*  ] 
^'  he  ended  his  days  on  the  fifteenth  day  of 
^^  December^  1683,  in  the  great  froft,  at 
"  Wincbefter^  in  the  houfe  of  Dr.  William 
•*  HawkinSf  a  prebendary  of  the  church 
"  there,  where  he  lies  buried  *." 

Waluri%  wife  was  the  fifter  of  Dr,  Hbo^ 
mas  Ken,  biihop  of  Bath  and  JVells  i  by  her 
be  had  a  fon  named  Ifaac  ^f-,  who»  as  Cotton 
fays,  had  been  in  France,  and  at  Rome,  and 
Venice ;  he  was  bred  a  clergyman,  and  be* 
came  a  refidentiary  of  the  cathedral  church 
of  Sarum  i  he  died  a  batchelor»  at  a  good  old 
age,  and  his  memory  is  flill  greatly  refpe(5t- 
ed  in  thit  dioCefe  :  of  this  fon  mention  is 
made  in  a  remarkable  will  of  Dr.  Donne, 
the  younger,  printed  en  a  half  fheet,  in 
1662 :  whereby  he  bequeaths  to  Walton  all 
his  father's  writings  and  comraon-place- 
book;  which,  he  fays,  may  be  of  ufe  to 
his  f(Xi»  if  he  makes  him  a  fcholar  ;{:. 

He  had  alfo  a  daughter,  married  to  the 
above-nam^d  Dr.  William  Hawkins,  who  had 
ifluQ  by  her  a  daughter  named  Anne,  and  a 

» 

♦  Athen.  Oxon^  Vol.  I.  CoK  305. 

4  Short  account  of'  the  life  of  bi(hop  Ken,  by  Wm 
Hawkins,  £fq;  0£tavt>,  17 13* 

%  Mt.-Cotton,  CompL  AngL  Part  II.  pag.  45,  fpeaks 
of  this  gentleman  as  having  been  at  the  above-mention- 
ed places*  And  it  further  appears,  that  he,  with  his 
uncle  bifhop  Km,  in  16755  being  the  year  of  the  ju-< 
bilee,  took  a  tour  to  Rome.  Mr.  Walton  was  then  a 
batchelor  of  arts,  and  of  Cbriji-cburch  College  in  Q*- 
fird.    Siogr.  Brtt.  Ken. 

c  fonj 


(if 

fbri ;  tliis  foA  was  Wtiliam  Hawiins^  £f^ 
fbvybz^l  af  law»  one  of  the  ablefl  lawyers  of 
the  laft  age,  and  autbor  of  the  welt^kiiowti 
freatire  of  the  picas  of  the  crownp.  * 

A  few  months  before  bis  death  he  made 
his  witl)  which  appfear^,  by  the  pecuUarity 
of  many  expreflSons  contained  in  it>  as  weli 
fts  by  the  hand,  to  be  of  hts  ownr  writing  > 
as  there  is  fooiyething  chara£keriftick  in  thb 
kft  folenui  a^  of  his  life,  it  has  been  thought 
proper  to  conclude  this  account  whh  the 
I^U^wii^  amthentick  copy  thereof. 

Angwfi  the  mnihj,  one  tboufand  fix 
hundred  eighty  three. 

ISAAC  WALTON,  the  elder, 
of  Winthefitr^  being  this  prefent  day,, 
in  the  niRe^th  year  of  fnf^gey  and  in  pern 
fe£t  memory 9  for  which  praifi^  be  God^  biH! 
conifdering  how  ruddainfy  I  nmy  bddepri?ed 
of  boih^  do  therefore  make  this  my  iaf^  wil! 
afnd  teftamene  as  folbweti :  'Atid  firO.  I  do^ 
declare  my  belief  to,  be>  that  there  is  only  ojpe 
God»  who  hath  made  the  whole  worlds  apd 
me  and  all  mfankind,  to  whom  I  £biaU  giva 
an  account  of  all  my  adio»s,  wlnieh  are  not 
to  be  jnftificd^  but  I,  hope  pardoned,  for  this; 
merits  of  my  Saviour  ye/us  i^  ai>d  becafo^lb  ^a^ 
profeiSon  of  Chriftianity  does>  at  this  time, 
fcem  to  be  fubdivided  into  Piapift  and  Pro-* 

teftante, 

^-         } 


teftante^  I  take  it^  at  leaft,  to  be  convenient 
to  declare  my  belief  to  he,  in  all  points  of 
faith,  as  the  church  of  fi^^/^nz/noNnrprofef- 
feth  :  and  this  I  do  the  rather,  bccaufe  of  a 
<rery  long  and  very  true  friendship  with  feme 
bf  the  Roman  church.  And  for  my  worldly 
d^ate  (which  1  have  neither  got  by  fallhood 
bf  fitttery,  or  the  extreme  cruelty  of  the  law 
bf  this  nation  *)  I  do  hereby  give  and  be- 
(joeath  it  as  followeth :  Firft,  I  give  my  fon- 
in-law,  T>o(kot  Hawkins f  and  to  his  wife,  to 
them  I  give  all  my  title  and  right  of  or  in  a 
part  of,  a  hoofe  and  (hop  in  Pater-nofler-roWf 
in  Limdon^  which  I  hold  by  leafe  from  tlie 
lord  bilhop  of  London  for  about  fifty  years 
to  come.  And  I  do  alfo  give  to  them  all  my 
Hght  and  title  of  or  to  a  houfe  in  Chancer f* 
lane,  London,  wherein  Mrs.  Greinwood  now 
dwelleth,  in  which  is  now  about  fix  teen 
yildrs  to  come :  I  give  thefe  two  leafes  to 
them,  they  faving  my  executor  from  all  da- 
mage concerning  the  farhe.  And  \  give  to 
ftiy  fon  Ifaac,  all  my  right  and  title  to  a 
ieafe  of  Norington  firmc,  which  I  hold  from 
the  lord  bifhop  of  iVinton  -,  and  I  do  alfo 
give  him  all  my  right  and  title  to  a  farme  or 
land  hear  to  Stafford,  which  I  bought  of 
Mr.  tValter  Noelh,  1  fay,  I  give  it  to  him  and 
his  heirs  for  ever^  but  upon  the  condition  fol- 

*  Ailuiling^  pethaps^  to  that  fundamental  maxim  of 
bur  law,  Summum  jus  eft  jumma  injuria* 

c  2  lowing. 


[  lii  J 

lowing,  namely :  if  my  fon  {hall  riot  mafr)^ 
before  he  fliall  be  of  the  age  of  forty  and  one 
years,  or,  being  married,  fliaU  dye  before  the 
faid  age,  and  leave  no  fori  to'  inherit  the  faid 
farme  or  land ;  or  if  his  fon  or  fofis  (hall  not 
live  to  attain  the  age  of  twenty  and  one 
years,  to  difpofe  otherways  of  it  ^  then  I 
ghc  the  faid  farme  or  land  to'the  towne  or 
corporation  ©f  Staffordf  *m  which  I  was 
borne,  for  the  good  and  benefit  of  fome  of^ 
the  faid  towne,  as  I  (hall  diredl,  and  as  fot- 
loweth :  but  fif  ft  note,  that  it  is  at  this  pre- 
fcnt  time  rented  for  twenty  one  pounds  ten? 
fbillings  a  year,  an^  is*  Kke  to  hold  the  faid 
i*ent,  if  care  be  Taken  to  keep  the  barn  and 
houfing  in  repair;  and  I  would  have,  and  do, 
give  ten  pound  of  the  faid  rent,  to  bind  out 
yearly,  two  boys,  the  fons  of  honeft  and  poor 
parents,  to  be  apprentices  to  fome  tradefoien 
er  handycraft-men,  to  the  intent  the  f^d 
boys  may  the  better  afterward  get  their  owli , 
iiviirg.       And    I  do  alfo  give    five  pound, 
yearly,  out  of  the  laid  rent,  to  be  given  to . 
fome  maid-fervaiu,  that  bath  attained,  thc^ 
age  of  twenty  and  one  year,  not  lefs,  and 
dwelt  long  in  one  fervice,  or  to  fome  koneft 
poor  man's  daughter,  that  hath  attained  to 
tlipat  age,  to  be  paid  her  at  or  on  the  day  of 
her  marriage :  and  this  being  done,  my  wilt, 
is/  tliat  what  rent  (hall  remain  of  the  faid 
farme  or  land,  fhall  be  diipofed  of  as  follow- 
eth  :  firft  I  do  give  twenty  (hillings^  yearly. 


r  lis] 

to  be  fpent  by  the  major  of  Stafford^  and 
tbofe  that  (hall  colleft  the  faid  rent^  and  dif* 
pofe  of  it  as  I  have  and  Aiall  hereafter  di« 
red;  and  that  what  money  or  rent  fhall  re« 
main  undifpofed  of,  (hall  be  unploy^d  to  buy 
coals  for  fome  poor  people,  that  ihall  mod 
oeed  them,,  in  the  faid  towne ;  the  faid  coals 
to  be  delivered  the  firft  wceke  in  "January^  or 
in  every  firft  wceke  in  February ;  I  fay  then, 
becaufe  I  take  that  time  to  be  the  hardeft  and 
moft  pinching  times  with  poor  people;  and 
God  reward  ihofe  that  dial]  do  this  without 
partialitic,  and  with  honefty,  and  a  good 
confcience.  And  if  the  faid  major  and  others 
of  the  faid  towne  of  Stafford^  (hall  prove  fo 
oegligent,  or  diflioneft,  as  not  to  imploy  the 
rent  by  me  given  as  intended  and  exprelt  in 
this  my  will,  which  God  forbid,  then  I  give 
the  faid  rents  and  profits  of  the  faid  farmc  or 
Und  to  the  town  and  chief  magiftrates, or  go* 
vernors  oiRclepalU  to  be  difpofed  of  by  them 
in  fuch  manner  as  I  have  ordered  the  difpofal 
of  it  by  the  town  oi  Stafford ^xh^  faid  farme  or 
land  being  near  the  town  of  EcleJJjall :  and  I 
give  to  my  fon-in-law.  Dr.  Hawkins^  whom 
I  love  as  my  own  fon,  and  to  my  daughter, 
his  wife,  and  my  fon  Ifaac,  to  each  of  them 
a  ring,  with  thefc  words  or  motto ;  "  Lo^'>e 
**  my  memory^  /.  IV.  obiit  '* 

to  the  lord  bifhop  of  TVinton  a  ring,  with 
this  motto;  **  A  mite  for  a  million,  /.  IV. 
*^  obiit  "  and  to  his  friends  here- 

c  -2  aftei 


E  Uv  J 

after  patped,  1  give  to  each  of  them  i  ring 
with  this  motto ;  "  A  friend's  farewell^  I.  ^ 
f*  obiit  *'  and  my  Will  is,"  the  f»i4 

rings  be  delivered  within  f^rty  days  after  m^yr 
death  :  and  that  the  price  pr  value  of  all  the 
faid  rings  {hall  be  thirteen  fhillings  and  four 
pence  a  piece.  1  give  to  Dodtor  Hawkini, 
Dodor  Donne  s  fermons,  which  I  have  heard 
preacht,  and  read  with  much  content.  Tq 
rny  fon  Ifaac^  I  give  Dodor  Sibbs  his  Souls 
ConfiSi ;  and  to  my  daughter  his  Bruijed 
ReeJy  defining  them  to  read  them  fo  as  to 
be  well  acquainted  with  them.  And  I  alfo 
give  unto  her  all  my  books  at  JVincbeJier  and 
jDroxfordf  and  whatever  in  thofe  two  places 
are,  or  I  can  call  mine,  except  a  truiile  loit 
Jinnen,  which  I  give  to  my  ion  IJaac\  bu| 
if  he  do  not  live  to  marry,  or  make  ufc  of  \%^ 
thpn  I  give  the  fame  to  my  grand-c|aughtcr, 
Anne  Ha^wkins ;  and  I  give  my  dtuehter^ 
T>QdioxlIalH  works,  which  be  nowatF^rn-; 
ham.  ^o  my  fon  Ifaac,  I  give  all  my 
bocks,  not  yet  given,  ^iFarnbam  Cailell,  and 
a  defke.  of  prints  and  pidurcs;  alfp  a  cabinett 
near  my  bed's  head,  m  which  are  fomelittlq 
things  that  he  will  value,  though  of  no  great 
worth.  And  my  will  aiid  defire  is,  that  hq 
will  be  kind  to  his  aunt  Beacbamey  apd  his 
aunt  Rofe  Ken^  by  allowing  the  ^rft  about 
fifty  (hillings  a  year,  ixt  ojr  for  bacon  and 
cheefe,  not  more,  and  paying  four  pounds  a 
year  toward  the  boarding  of  her  fon's  dyet : 

Xo 


t^  1 . 

To  Mr,  y^l^  fFkitehitadf  for  his  aunt  Ken,  I 
4efire  him  to  be  kind  to  her,  according  to 
her  necdlity  and  bis  own  abilitici  and  I 
icommend  one  of  her  children^  to  breed  up 
as  I  have  faid  I  intend  to  do,  if  ht  (hall  be 
able  to  do  it,  as  I  know  he  will.$  for  they 
be  good  foUpe.  I  give  to  Mr.  John  J)arhy- 
P>irt  the  (ermons  of  Mr.  Anfbi^nyFarringdont 
or  of  Dr.  Sanderjbn,  which  my  executor 
thinks  fit.  To  my  ferva»t,  Thmas  Edgilh 
I  give  five  pound  in  money,  and  all  my 
cloths,  Itnnen  and  woollen,  except  one  futt 
of  cloths,  which  \  giVe  to  Mr,  H^linp^d^ 
and  forty  (hillings,  if  the  faid  Thomas  be  my 
^rvant  at  my  death;  if  not,  my  cloths  only. 
And  I  give  my  old  friend,  Mr.  Richard  Mar*- . 
rkt^  ten  pounds  in  money,  to  be  paid  him 
within  three  mondis  after  my  death ;  and  I 
4efire  my  fon  to  (hew  kindnefs  to  him  if  he 
(hall  lieede,  and  my  Ton  can  fpare  it :  and  J 
^o  hereby  will  and  declare  my  fon  Ifaac  to 
be  my  (ble  ei^ecutor  pf  this  my  laft  will  and 
teflament,  and  DoAor  Hanpkins  to  fee  that 
he  performs  it ;  which  1  doubt  not  but  he 
will.  I  dcfire  my  burial  may  be  near  th^e 
place  of  my  death,  and  free  from  any  often- 
tatk>n  or  charge,  but  privately.  This  I  make 
to  be  my  laft  will,  to  which  I  (hall  only  add 
'  the  codicil  for  rings,  this  fixteenth  day  of 
Auguftj  one  thoufand  (ix  hundred  eighty 
ihrce,  Ifqac  Walton,  witpcfs  to  this  will. 

P  4  Thi5 


[  ivi  3 

The  rings  I  give  are  as  on  the*  other  fide : 
to  my  brother  'John  Ken^^  to  my  fifter  his 
wife,  to  my  brother,  Doftor  Ketiy  to  my 
fifter  Pyey  to  Mr.  Francis  Mqrleyy  to  Mr. 
George  Vernon^  to  his  wife,  to  his  threo 
daughters,  to  Mrs.  j^elfont  to  Mr-  Richard 
Walton^  to  Mv.  Palmer y  to  lyir.  Taylor ^  to  Mr, 
I'ho.  Garrard,  to  the  lord  bi{bop  of  Sarum, 
to  Mr.  Rede  his  fervent,  to  my  cozen  Dora-' 
thy  Ken  rick,  to  my  coufin  Lewtn,  to  Mr. 
JValter  Biggs,  to  Mr.  Charles  Cotton^  to  Mr,. 
Richard l^arryot  22,  to  my  hxoihttBeachamp 
to  my  fifter  his  wife,  to  the  lady  Anne  How^ 
to  Mrs.  King,  Dodlor  Phillips's  wife,  to  Mr. 
Valentine  Uarecourt,  to  Mrs.  Eliza  Jobn^. 
fon,  to  Mrs.  Mary  Rogers,  to  Mrs.  Eliza 
Milward,  to  Mrs.  Dorothy  JVollop,  to  Mr. 
Will.  Milward,  of  Chriji' church,  Oxford,  tQ 
Ms ^, John  Darbyjhire,  to  Mr.  Undevill,  to 
Mfs*  Rod,  to  Mr.  Peter  White,  to  Mr. 
y?A«  Lloyde,  to  tpy  coufin  Creinfelh  widow^ 
Mrs,  Dalifin  ipuft  not  be  forgotten  16, 
Ifaac  Walton.  Note,  that  feyeral  lines  are 
blotted  out  of  this  will,  for  they  were  twic^ 
repeated ;  apd  that  this  will  is  now  fignccj 
and  fealed.this  twenty  and  fourth  day  of 
O^ober,  one  thoufand  fix  hundred  eighty 
three,  in  the  pfefence  of  us  :  witnefs,  Abra^ 
bamMarkland^Jof.'TCaylor,  Thomas  Crawley^ 


Tq 


To  the  Right  Worihipful 

JOHN    O  F  F  LE  Y, 

.0    F 

Madely  Manor,  in  the  Coqnty 
of'  Stafford,  Efq; 

^y  Moft  Honoured  Frieno. 

SIR. 

^  HAVE  made  (o  ill  ufe  of 

»  your  former  favours,    as 

L  by  them  to  be  encouraged 

*  to  intreat  that  they  may 

be  enlarged  to  the  patronage  and  pro- 

teflion  of  this  book ;  and  1  have  put 

on  a  modeft  confidence,  that  I  fliall 

not  be  denied,  becaufe  it  is  a  dif- 

courfe  of  fifh  and  fifhing,  which  you 

know  fo  well,   and  both  love  and 

praftife  fo  much. 

You 


Hviii     rU  Epiflle  Dedkatcfy.      ^ . 

You  arc  afTured,  though  there  b? 
ignorant  men  df  another  belief,  thai 
langUng  is  an  art,  ai^  you  kiiow  that 
art  better  than  others ;  and  that  this 
truth  is  demopftrated  by  the  fruits 
of  that  pleaiant  labour  which  you 
l^njoy,  when  you  purpofe  to  give  reft 
iio  youf  mind,  and  divert  yc«rfelf  of 
your  piorc  ferious  bufinefs,  and, 
Vhich  is  ofteft,  dedicate  a  day  or  two 
%o  this  recreation. 

At  which  time,  if  common  anglers 
diould  :att6nd  you,  and  be  eye-wit^ 
ncfles  of  jthe  fuccefe,  not  of  your  for-r 
tune  but  your  flail,  it  would  doubts 
le^  beget  \n  them  a$)  (emulation  to  be 
like  you,  and  th^t  emulation  flight 
beget  an  induftrious  diligence  to  be, 
fo ;  but  I  know  it  is  npt  attainably 
by  common  capacities.  Apd  there 
be  now  many  men  of  gneat  wifdomi 
learning,  and  experience,  which  love 
and  pradife  this  art^  that  |(now  | 
fpeak  the  truth. 

jSir, 


^7)e  MpiftU  Eledicatwy.      Hy 

Sir,  this  pleafant  curiofity  of  ii(h 
and  iiHiing,  of  which  you  are  fb  great 
a  mafter,  4ia9  b6en  thought  wcvthy 
the  pens  and  prances  of  divers  in 
c^her  nations,  that  have  been  reputed 
|D€n  of  great  learning  and  wifdom, 
and  amongft  thoie  of  this  nation,  I 
remember  Sir  Henry  Wotton  (a  dear 
lover  of  this  art)  has  told  me,  that 
his  intentions  were  to  write  a  difcourie 
of  the  art,  and  in  praiie  of  angling ; 
and  doubtlefs  he  had  done  fo,  if  death 
had  not  prevented  him ;  the  remem- 
brance of  which  hath  often  made  me 
forry ;  for  if  he  had  lived  to  do  it, 
then  the  ynlearned  angler  had  feen 
{bme  better  treatifc;  of  this  art,  a 
treatife  that  might  have  proved  wor- 
thy his  perufal,  which,  though  fbme 
have  undertaken,  I  could  never  yet 
iee  in  Englijh. 

But  mine  may  be  thought  as  weak, 
and  as  unworthy  of  common  view  ; 
and  I  do  here  freely  confefs,  that  I 

jliould 


1 


k       ^e  E,0le  Dedicatory, 

(hould  rather  excufe  myfelf,  than 
cenfure  others,  my  own  difcourfe 
being  liable  to  io  many  exceptions ; 
againft  which  you,  Sir,  might  make 
this  one,  that  it  can  contribute  no- 
thing to  your  knowledge.  And  left 
a  longer  epiftle  may  diminifli  your 
plea^re,  I  (hall  make  this  no  longer 
than  to  add  this  following  truth, 
that  I  am  really, 

S  I  R, 

r 

Your  affeSiionate  Friend^ 
and  moji  bumbk  Servant^ 


*        t 


Isaac  Walton, 


To 


[W] 


[\^^i 


<  '^ 


TO    ALL 


READERS 


OF    THIS 


DISCOURSE, 

But  efpeciany  to  the 

HONEST    ANGLER. 


Think  ft  to  tell  thee  thefe  folhmng 
truths^  That  I  did  neither  under ^ 
take^  nor  writer  nor  publijh^  and 
much  Itfi  own^  this  difcourfe  to 
fleafe  myfelf:  and  having  been  too  eajily  drawn 
to  do  all  to  fleafe  others^  as  Ipropofed  not  the 
gaining  of  credit  by  this  undertakings  fo  I  would 
not  willingly  lofe  any  part  of  that  to  which  I 
had  ajuji  title  before  I  begun  it^  and  do  there-* 
fore  defire  and  hope^  ifl  deferoe  not  commen- 
dalions,  yet  I  may  obtain  pardon. 

And  though  this  difcourfe  may  be  liable  to 
fome  exceptions^  yet  I  cannot  doubt  but  that 

mof 


liii  To  the  Reader. 

tnojl  readers  may  receiiie  fo  much  pie  afar  e  bf^ 
profit  by  it;  its  may  make  it  worthy  the  time  of  ^ 
their  ferufdi,  if  they  &e  not  too  grave  or  too 
bufy  men.  And  this  is  all  the  confidence  that 
I  can  put  mi  concerning  the  merit  of  what  is 
here  tiered  to  their  cbf^deration  and  cenjure  % 
and  if  the  iaji  prove  too  fevjercj  as  I  have  a 
liberty y  fo  I  ani  refohed  to  ufe  it^  and  negledi 
all  four  cenfures. 

Ani  I  wifi  the  reader  alfb  to  take  nbttefi 
that  in  writing  of  it  t  have  made  tnyfelf  a  re^ 
creation  of  a  retreation  \  ani  that  it  might 
prove  fo  to  him  ^  and  not  read  dull  and  tedioaflyi 
I  have  in  jtveral  plates  mixed^  not  anyfcarri-^ 
Jity^  but  fonte  innocent^  barmlefs  mirti,  of 
whick,  if  thou  be  a  fever  e^  four  complexibned 
man,  then  I  here  difdlhw  thee  to  be  a  competent 
judge-,  but  divines  fay  y  there  are  offences  giveni 
and  (xffences  not  given  hut  taken. 

And  I  am  the  willrnger  to  jufti^  thi  pled^ 
fant  part  of  it  y  becauje  though  it  is  known  t 
can  beferious  at  feafonable  times ^  yet  the  wholt 
iifcourfe  is,  or  rather  was,  a  piSfure  of  my 
own  dtfpofition^  efpecially  infuch  days  and  timet 
as  I  have  laid  afide  bufinefs^  and  gone  afijhing 
with  honefi  Nat.  and  R.  Roe;  but  they  ate 
gone,  and  with  them  moft  of  my  pleafant  hours ^ 
even  as  a  Jhadow  that  pajfeth  awdy^  and  ri^ 
turns  not. 

And. 


To  die  k£  A  it*:  isttJti 

And  next  let  me  addtbh,  that  be  that  likes 
tot  the  booi^  Jhoedd  like  the  excellent  fiSlure 
&f  the  Grouty,  and  fome  &f  the  other  fijb  i 
lobicb  I  may  take  a  kberty  to  commend^  be^ 
€aufe  they  concern  not  toffelf^. 

Next  kt  me  teU  the  reader^  that  in  that 

tobicb  is  the  more  ufefulpart  if  this  difcourfe, 

that  is  tafay^  the  ohfi^vations  of  (be  nature 

and  breeding,  and  Jea/onsp  and  catching  of 

fjb^  I  am  notjojimple  as  not  to  know,  that 

a  captious  reader  may  find  exceptions  againfi 

fsmetbing  Jaid  of  fowoe  of  thefe  I  and  therefore 

I  mo^  intreat  Urn  to  confider,  that  experience 

teaches  us  to  kmm^  that  federal  countries  alter 

the  time,  and  I  think  alaiojt  the  manner,  of 

fifoes  breedings  but  doubt l^s  of  their  being  in 

ftafani  mmay appear  by  three  rivers  in  Mon- 

mottCfaibirey  namely,  Severn,  Wye>  and  Ufk, 

where  Camden  Brit.  633,  ohferves^  that  in 

the  river  Wye,  Salmon  are  in  feafon  from 

September  to  April ;  and  we  are  certain,  that 

in  Thames  and  Trent,  and  in  mofi  other  ri^ 

vers,  they  be  in  feafon  the  fix  hotter  months. 

*tl>f  tb^fecuts,  mflintiDn  rs  made  at  large  in  JValtetC^ 
life  ;  the  plates,  haying  toiig  fince  been  worn  out,  thofe 
Jn.  the  pr.efent  edition  are  new  engraved  ;  and  there  are 
li«W'adderf,#d[igns^o(the  principal  fcenes  in  thebook, 
wiJbb  the  igtn^  dreflbiJ  in  the*  hftbits  of  the  time  when 
i(  was  wi^Ktten* 

Now 


hW  !To  the  R  e  a  b  e  if < 

Now  for  the  (irt  tf  catching  Jijhy  thai  is  to 
fay^  bow  to  make  a  man  that  was  none,  t(xbe 
an  angler  by  a ,  book ;  be  that  undertakes,  it^ 
Jhall  undertake  a  barder  tajk  than  Mr.  Hales, 
a  mojl  valiant  and  excellent  fencer,  who  in  a 
printed  book  called,  A  private  School  of  De- 
fence, undertook  to  teach  that  art  orfcience, 
and  was  laughed  at  for  his  hbour.  Not  but 
that  many  ufeful  things  might  he  learnt  by  that 
bookp  but  be  was  laughed  at^  becaufe  that  art 
was  not  to  be  taught  by  words ^  but  praBice: 
and  Jo  mujl  angling.  And  note  alfo,  that  in 
this  difcourfe  I  do  not  undertake  to  fay  all  that  ^ 
is  known,  or  may  be  f aid  of  it,,  but  I  under ^ 
take  to  acquaint  the  reader  with  many  things 
that  are  not  ufually  known  to  every  angler  ; 
and  I  Jhall  leave  gleanings  and  obfervations 
enough  to  be  made  out  of  the  experience  of  all 
that  love  andpraSiife  this  recreation,  to  which 
t  Jhall  encourage  them..  For  angling  may  be 
faid  to  be  fo  like  the  mathematicks,  that  it 
can  never  be  fully  learnfa  at  leaft  not  fo  fully, 
but  that  there  will Jiill be  more  new  experiments 
left  for  the  trial  of  other  men  thatfucceed  us.  • 

But  I  think  all  that  love  this  game  may  hire 

learn  fomething  that  may  be  worth  their  money ^ 

if  they  be  not  poor  and  needy  men ;  and  in  cafe 

they  be,  I  then  wijh  them  to  forbear  to  buy  it  i 

for  I  write  not  to  get  money ^  but  for  pleafure, 

6  and- 


• 


To  the  Read  Ell.  licr 

iMd  tAii  difcaurfe  boaJIs  of  no  more ;  for  I 
bate  to  fromife  mucb^  and  deceive  the  reader. 

And  however  it  proves  to  him,  yet  lamfure 
iba^e  found  a  high  content  in  the  fear  cb  and 
conference  of  what  is  here  offered  to  the  reader  s 
view  dnd  cenfure  c  I  wifib  Aim  as  much  in  the 
ferufal(fit^  andfo  I  might  here  take  my  leave  % 
but  will  fay  a  little  and  tell  him  ^  that  whereas 
it  isfaid  by  many^  that  in  fiyfj^ing  for  a 
^rout,  the  angler  mujl  obferve  his  twelve 
fever alfUes  for  the  twelvemonths  tf  the  year ; 
Ifay^  be  that  follows  that  rjile^  fcall  be  as 
Jure  to  catch  fjlj^  and  be  as  wife^  as  he  that 
makes  hay  by  the  fair  days  in  an  almanack^ 
and  nofurer  ;  for  thofe  very  files  that  ufe  to 
appear  about  and  on  the  water  in  one  month  of 
the  year ^  may  the  following  year  come  almofi  a 
month  fooner  or  later  y  as  the  fame  year  proves 
colder  or  hotter ;  and  yet  in  thejollowing  dif* 
courfe  I  havefet  down  the  twelve fiies  that  are 
in  replitation  with  many  anglers^  and  they 
may  ferye  to  give  him  fame  ohfervations  con^ 
cerning  them,  /ind  he  may  note^  that  there 
are  in  Wales  andoiher  countries  peculiar  file  s^ 
proper  to  the  particular  place  or  country  j.  and 
doubtlefs^  unlefs  a  man  makes  a  fly  to  counter-* 
f^tt  that  very  fly  in  that  place,  he  is  like  to 
lofe  bis  labour^  or  much  of  it  :  but  for  the 
generality  y  three  or  four  flies  ^  neat  and  rightly 
made^  and  not  too  big^  fervefor  a  Trout  in 

d  mofl 


ixvi  To  the  R  e  a  »  »  H^ 

mojl  rivers  all  thefummer.  And  for  vnnte^ 
fiyfjhingi  it  is  as  ufeful  as  an  almanack  mt 
of  date.  .  And  qftbefe^  becaufe  as  w  man  is 
torn  an  artijl^  ff  no  man  is  born  an  0ngkrf^ 

I  thought  fit  to  give  t bee  tbiS-notiee.     ' 

When  I  have  told  the  reader^  that  in  tbh 
fifth  ^  imprejfion  there  are  many  enlargement s^ 
gathered  both  by  my  own  obfervation^  and  the 
communication  with  friends^  IfbaU  ftay  bim 
no  longer  than  to  wtjh  bim  or  rainy  evening  to 
read  t  bis  following  difcourfe^  and  that^  if  be . 
be  an  bonefi  angler ^  tbe  eaft  wind  may  never 
'blow  when  he  goes  afijhing. 

I.  w. 

*  The  fifth,  as  it  is  the  laft  of  the  editlons^publiflierf 
itt  the  author's  life-time,  has  be<in  carefully  foUov^ds 
l)3t  the  prefer) t  j^ublkatioa.     if$  tho^  Author's  Life,r 


To 


C  iJcva  1 


To  cny  dear  Brothbh 

Mr.    ISAAC   WALTON, 

cr r ON  HIS 
COMPLETE   ANGLER. 

StASMUS  m  his  learned  Colloquies 
Has  mixt Tome  coya^  that  by  varieties 
He  might  entice  all  readers :  for  in 

him  « 

£adh  child  may  Wade,  or  talleft  giant  iwim* 
And  fuch  is  this  difcourfe :  there's  none  (6  low. 
Or  highly  learn'di  to  whom  hence  may  not  9dw 
Pleafure  and  information  r  both  which  arc 
Taught  us  with  fo  much  art,  that  I  might  fwear 
Safely,  the  choiceft  critick  cannot  teli. 
Whether  your  matchlefs  judgment  moft  excel! 
In  angling  or  its  praife  :  where  commezidation  ' 
Firft  charms,  then  makes  an  art  a  recreation. 

'Twas  fo  to  me  j  who  faw  the  chearful  fpring 
Pi£tur'd  in  every  meadow,  heard  birds  fing 
Sonnets  in  every  grove,  faw  6fhes  play 
In  the  cool  cryftal  ftreams,  like  lambs  in  A&ri^  f 
And  they  may  play,  till  anglers  read  this  book> 
Bgt  after,  -  tis  a  wife  fifli  Yc^pes  a  hook. 


Jo.  Flov]»,  M  a 
4  a  TO 


^ 

'• 


A 


I  Ikviii  ] 


•t>:<; 


y 


T  O    T  H  E 

llEADER  Qif.  fhc  CoMptETE. Angler; 

ly  I R  S  T  mark  the  title  well ;  my  friend  that 
*•        gave  it 

Has  made  it  good  ;  this  book  deferves  to  havfc  it# 
For  he  that  views  it  with  judicious  looks. 
Shall  find  it  full  of  arts,  baits,  lines  and  hooks* 

The  world  the  river  is,  both  you  and  I, 
And  all  mankind  are  either  fi(h  or  fry  : 
If  we  pretend  to  reafcn,  firft  or  laft 
His. baits  will  tempt  us^  and  his  hooks  holdfaft. 
Pleafure  or  profit^  either  ptofe  or  rhime. 
If  not  at  firft,  will  doubtlefs  take  in  timoi 

Here.  fits. in  fecret  blcft  theology ^> 
Waited  upon  by  grave  philofophy  ,  . 

Both  natural  and  moral,  hiftory 
Dcck*d  and  adorn*d  with  flowers  of  poetry^ 
The  matter  and  expreffion  ftriving  which 
Shall  moft  excel  in.  worth,  yct.not  fcem  rich  j 
Titereiis  no  danger. in  his  baits,  that  hook  . 
Will  prove  the  fafeft,  that  is  fureft  took* 

Nor  are  \ye  taught  alone,  but,  which  is  beft> 
Weftiall  be.wholfome,  and  be  toothfome  dreft,: 
Dreft:  to  be. fed,  not  to  be  fed  upon; 
And  danger  of  a  furfeit  here  is  none.  t 

The  folid  food  of  ferious  contemplation 
}s  fauc'd  htre  with  fuch  barmlefs  recreation, 

•  That 


» 


That  an  ingenious  and  religious  mind 
Cannot  inquire  for  more  than  it  may  (ind 
Ready  at  once  prepared,  either  t'excite 
Or  fatisfy  a  curious  appetite. 

More  praife  is  due  i  for  'tis^  both  pofitive 
And  truth,  which  once  was  interrogative^  * 
And  utter'd  by  the  poet  then  in  jeft, 
jS/  fifcatortm  fifds  amare  fauft. . 

Ch.  Harviv,  M.  a. 


To  my  dear  FaiBNo 

Mr.     ISAAC    WALTON, 

PR4.ISE   ofANOLIMO, 

Which  we  both  lore* 

Tr\OWN  bythisfmoothftream'SwandVingfido, 
•■^  Adorn'd  and  pcrfum'd  with  the  pride  ^ 
Of  Fhra^s  wardrobe,  where  the  flirill 
Aerial  choir  exprefs  their  Ikill^ 
Firft  in  alternate  melody. 
And  then  in  chorus  all  agree, 
Wliilft  the  charmed  fiOi,  as  extafy'd 
With  founds,  to- his  own  throat  deny'd 
Scorns  his  dull  element,  and  fprings 
i'th'  air,  as  if  his  fins  were  wings. 

'Tis  here  that  pkafures  fweec  and  high 
Ppoftrate  to  our  embraces  lijs. 

d  3  SucV 


^  I 


[  Ijcx  ] 

Such  as  to  body,  feul  or  fat^Cp 
Create  no  (tcknefS)  fin  or  fliame. 
Rofes  not  fcac*d  witb  pricks  grow  here^ 
No  fting  to  th*  honey-bag  is  near. 
But,  what's  perhaps,  their  jprejudic$| 
ThejMifiicult^  Want  land  price. 

An  obvious  rod^  a  twin:  of  hair^ 
With  hook  hid  iri  an  infefi:,  arc 
Engines  of  fport,  would  fit  the  wifli 
0*th^  Epicure  and  fill  his  diOi. 

In  this  clear  ilream  let  fail  a  grub. 
And  firaight  take  qp  a  P^e  or  Chu^. 
Tth*  mud  your  worm  provokes  a  fnig. 
Which  being  faft^  if  it  prove  big 
The  Gotham  folty  will  be  found 
Difcrect,  ere  ta^cn  <bc  piuft  be  drojyn'd. 
The  Tench,  phyficrah  of  the  brook. 
In  yon  dead  hole  expedts  yopr  hook. 
Which  having  firft  your'paftime  been. 
Server  me  for  meat  or  medicine. 
AmbuQi'd  behind  th^t  root  dcfth  ftay 
A  Pike,  to  catch  and  be  a  prpy. 
The  treacherous  quill  in  this  flow  ftre^q:^ 
Betrays  the  hunger  of  a  Bream^ 
And  at  that  mmbler  ford,  no  douht| 
Your  falfe  fly  cheats  a  fpeckled  Trout.  , 

When  you  thqfiy  creat vires  jivifely  <^uf^ 
To  praftife  on,  which  to  your  ufj? 
Owe  itheir  creation,  and  when 
Fifli  from  yoiir  arti  do  r^fcue  rpen  % 
To  plot,  delude,  and  circumvent, 
Enfnare  and  fpoil,  is  innocent. 
Here  by  thefe  cryftal  ftr^ams  you  m^y 
I^rcfcrve  a  Copfcicncie  clcv  as  they ; 


Ami 


Atid  when  by  fuUen  thoughts  you  fiiui 

Tour  harrafi^d,  not  bufied,  mind  ' 

In  fable  oitlancholy  clad, 

Diftemper^d,  ferious,  turning  fad  i 

Hence  fetch  your  cure,  ca(t  in  your  bair« 

AH  anxious  thoughts  and  cares  will  ftraight 

Fly  with  fuch  fpced,  they'll  feem  to  be 

Pofleft  with  the  Hydropbobie. 

The  water's  calmnefs  in  your  breaft. 

And  fmoothnefs  on  your  brow  (hall  reft. 

Away  with  fports  of  charge  and  noifc. 
And  give  mc  cheap  and  filcnt  joys : 
Such  as  ABMfnt%  game  purfue. 
Their  fate  oft  makes  the  tale  feem  true. 
Tbir  fick  or  fullen  haw)^  to*day 
Flies  not^  to-morrow,  quite  away. 
Patience  and  purfe  to  cards  and  dice 
Too  oft  are  made  a  facriBce : 
The  daughter's  dower,  th'  inheritance 
Cth'  Ion,  depend  on  one  mad  chance* 
The  harms  and  mifchiefs  which  th'  abufft 
Of  wine  doth  evisry  day  produce. 
Make  good  the  doctrine  of  the  TVir^j, 
That  in  each  grape  a  devil  lurks. 
And  by  yon  fading  faplefs  tree, 
'Bout  which  the  ivy  twin'd  you  fee. 
His  fate^s  foretold,  who  fondly  places 
His  blifs  in  Woman's  foft  embraces. 
All  ple^fures,  but  the  angler's,  bring 
J'th*  uil  repentance  like  a  fting. 

Then  on  the  banks  let  me  nt  down. 
Free  from  the  toilfome  fword  and  gown, 
And  pity  thofe  that  do  afie£t 
To  concjuer  nations  and  proteft^ 


My  reed  afford^  fuch  true  cpnten^i 
Pelights  fo  fweet  and  innocent. 
As  feldom  fall  unto  the  lot 
Of  fcepters,  though  they're  juftly  got, 


?649 


Tho.  Weaver,  M.  JL 


TO    THE 


^     E      A      D      E      R      8 


O  F 


My  mofl:  ingenious  F  r  i  £  n  d's  Book, 
The  CompleteAngler. 

ZJE  thaf  both  knpw  and  writ  the   liyes  of 
•^•^     men. 

Such  as  were  onpe,  hut  mud  not  be  agen : 

Witncfs  his  nfiatchlefs  Donne  and  Wotton,  by. 

Whofe  aid  he  could  their  fpeculations  try : 
He  that  conversed  with  angels,  fuch  as  were 

OuMfwortb  *  ^nd  Featly  -f-,  each  Zt  fhining  (tar 
'    Shewing  the  way  to  Betblem  \  es^ih  a  faint ; 

Compared  to  whom,  our  zealots  now  but  paint. 
He  that  our  pious  and  learned  Mfirley  §  knew. 

And  from  him  fuck'd  wit  and  devotion  too. 

*  Dr«  Richardf  Holdfiioorih.  See  ap  account  of  him  in 
the  Taft.  Oxoii.  207  ;  aad  in  Wari^t  Lives  of  the  Grefiafs^ 
Profeffon, 

+  Dr.  Daniel  Featljt  for  wliom  fee  Jthen,  Oxon.  603/ 
$  Dr.  Georgt  Morlej,  hifliop  of  Wincbejier. 


Jle  that  from  thefe  fuch  excellencies  fecch*d. 
That  He  could  tell  hov  high  and  far  they 

reached  ; 
What  learning  tlTis,  what  graces  th*  other  had  % 
And  in  what  feveral  drefs  each  foul  was  clad. 

« 

Reader,  this  He^  this  fifliermian,  comes  forth^ 
And  it)   bis  fifliers  weeds  would   Ihroud    his 

worth. 
Now  his  mute  harp  is  ot}  a  willow  hung. 
With  which  when  finely  touch'd,  and  fitly  ftrung^ 
He  could  friend's  paffions  for  thefe  times  allay. 
Or  chain  his  fellow  anglers  from  their  prey. 
Byt  now  the  mufick  o^his  pen  is  ftill. 
And  he  fits  by  a  brook  watching  a  quill : 
Wher^  with  a  fixt  eye,  and  a  ready  hand. 
He.  ftudies  firft  to  hook,  and  then  to  land 
Some  Trout,  or  Pearch,  or  Pike  \  and  having 

done. 
Sits  on  a  bank,  aftd  tells  how^  this  was  won. 
And  that  efcap'd  his  hook ;  which  with  a  wile 
pid  eat  the  baic,  and  fifherman  beguile. 
Thus  whilft  fome  vex  they  from  their  lands  arc 

thrown,        *  -        " 

fie  joys  to  think  the  waters  are  his  own. 

And  like  the  Dutcb^  he  gladly  can  agree 
To  live  at  peace  now,  and  have  fifliing  free. 

'^pril  3j  1650  Edw.  Powel,  M.  a. 


-  > 


To 


[  Ixxvi  ] 


u^ 


Ad  Yirum  optimum,  .&  FiTciatorem 

pcrtiffimum, 

ISA  A  CUM   WALTONUNt! 

k  «  ■ 

Ji/fAgifier  artis  doife  pifcatori^e^ 

•"^  Wakonej^/w,  magnedux  arunJinis^ 

Sm  tu  reduHd  vallefitus  ambulas^ 

Praterfiuentts  interim  obfervans  aquas^ 

Siu  forte  furifians  in  amnis  margine% 

Sive  in  tenaci  gr amine  fs?  ripd  fedens^ 

Fmliis  petitd  ffuameum  pecus  manu  \ 

O  te  beatkm  I  '■  qui  proeul  negotiiSj 

Fmqtte  -  &:urbis  pulvere  ^  ftrepitu  carens^ 

Extraque  turbam^  ad  leni  manantes  aquas  ^ 

Vagos  honeftd  fraude  pifces  decipis. 

Dum  cater  a  ergo  pctne  gens  mortalium  \ 

Aut  retia  invicemjibi  Q  technofi  ftruunt^ 

JDcnis^  ut  bamoy  aut  divites  octant  fenes^ 

Gregi  natanttim  tu  interim  neSfis  dolos^ 

Voracem  inefcas  advenam  hamo  luciumj 

Avidamve  percam  parvulo  alburno  capis^ 

Autjverme  ruffo^  mufculd  aid  truttami  levi^: 

Cautumvi  cyprinum^  Cff  fere  indocilem  capi 

.Caldmofi&'  Umqite'  ars  at  bum  fuperat  tua^ 

Medicamve  tincam^  gobium  aut  efcd  trahis^ 

Gratum  palato  gobiumy  pafvum  licet ^ 

Pradamviy  non  aque  falubrem  barbulum^ 

.Mitfi  ampliorem^  &?  myjlace  infignem  gravi. 

5  Ha 


[  tovii  ] 

tidfunt  tihi  artes^  dum  annus  &  ten^us  Jurnltti 
'J&imdla  trm^  akfque  lima  Jm, 
JkcJl^^fmiA,  qtd  tbioria  ^  tiU       • 
Not  a  artis  bujus  \  unde  tujimul  ionns 
Pifcaiar^  idem  ^^fcript^  \  (d  calami  poieni 
Uirijque  necdum  &  iSus^  fcf  iatnenfafis. 
Ut  bawiotam  nempe  tir^nem  in/truds-! 
Stylo  elegant  i  fcribis  en  Halieutifa 
Oppianus  alter  artus  (^  metbodum  tiiJTj  6f 
Precept  a  pronus  rite  pifcatoria^ 
Farias  6f  efcas  pifdum^  indolem  &  genus. 
Nee  trader e  artem  fat  put  as  pifcariam^ 
{Virtutis  ejk  i^  bM  tamtn  ^wedam  fcbola 
Patientiamque^  &  temperantiam  dacet) 
Document  a  quin  major  a  das^  &  regulas 
SubUmoris  artiSy  &  perenma 
Mmmenta  morum^  vita  &  exempla  optima  \ 
Dum  tu  prof undum  fcribis  Hooktrnttiy  (ffpium 
Donnum  ac  defertum^  fanSum  &  Herbcrcttm,  fa- 

crum 
Vat  em  \  bosvidemusnampemittofuo 
Grapbicij  &  peritd^  I  face,  depiSos  manu, 
Poft  fata  faS^s  bofce  per  te  Virbios 
O  qua  voluptas  eft  legere  infcriptis'tuis! 
Sic  tu  libris  nos^  Hneis  pifces  capis^ 
Mufifque  titterifque  dumincumbiSy  licet 
huentus  bamo^  in  torque  pifcandum  Jiudes^ 


AEIUD 


/ 


i  IkxViH  J 


itLlVD    At) 

l^AACUMWALtON  UM 
Virum  &  Prfcatdrem  optimum. 

I ^  ACE,  l^as  bdc  arte pifcatorid ; 
•*  iiSf^  tfr/^  Pctrus  principi  cmjum  didit  i 
^il^  artt  princeps  nee  Pecro  ivir/if^  pri6r^ 
9^ranquillus  ilky  afie  tranqmUo^  pakt 
T atria ^  foUhai  rtcreareje  Ikhens 
Auguftusy  hamo  itfiruSus  ac  atundink 
^u  nuiUj  Amiu^  proximum  clari  es  decus 
Pqfi  Csefarem  lamj  gentis  ac  HaSeutii^f 
Eugi  0  prcfejfor  artis  baud  ingbri^tj 
DoSor  catbedr^e^  perkgens  pifcariam  f 
N^  tu  fnatgiji^^  &  iga  difcipulus  tum^ 
Nam  candidatum  &  meferunt  afandimsy 
^ocium  bac  in  arte  noMem  naffifiimMs. 
^idampUus^  Walcone,  nam  did  poteft  ? 
Ipfi  hamiou  Dmmm  en  efbisfmtl 

Jaco.  Dtp.  D,  I>; 


»x     ' 


THE 


Bd>f  jlooocdiiif  ,toA^  of  Tki^ana.^inSa  . 


THE 
COMPLETE   ANGLER: 

O  R.    T  H  E 

'Contemplative  Man's  Recreation. 
PARTI, 


CHAP.    I. 
A  Car^erence  ietwixt  an  A  n  g  l  b  r,  d 
HuNTBR,  and  a  Falconer;  eaeb 
commending  his  Recreation. 

PISCATOR,  VENATOR,  AUCEPS. 


P'l  S  C  A  T  O  R. 


SOU  are  well  otrertaken.  Gentlemen, 
t  a  good  morning  to  you  both  t  I 
I  have  ftiietch«d  mf  legi  up  Tvtfen- 
E  kam  bill  to  overtake  you,  hoping 
"^  your  bulinefs  may  occaGon  you  to- 
wards ^4rf,  wfiitber  1  am  going,  this  fine,  frelfa, 
AfcHF  morning. 

B  ytrtat. 


*  ^i(^  CoifPtfSTB   AlfOtER.      ^PMTth 

l^enat.  Sir,  I  for  my  part  (hall  almoft  anfwcr 
your  hopes ;  for  my  purpofe  is  to  drink  my 
morning's  draught  at  the  ThatcbM-houfe  in 
Hodfdm  %  and  fthink  not  to  reft  mil  I  come 
Aithcr,  where  I  have  appointed  a  friend  or  tWo 
to  meet  me :  but  for  this  gentleman  that  you  fee 
with  me,  I  know  not  how  far  he  intends  his  jour- 
ney •,  he  came  fo  lately  into  my  company,  that  I 
have  fcarce  had  time  to  aflc  hin^  the  queftion. 

Auceps.  Sir,  I  ihall  by  your  favour  bear  you 
company  as  far  ^Th^cialas  f ;  and  there  leave 
you,  for  then  I  turn  up  to' a  friend's  boufe  who, 
.mews  a  Hawk  for  tne,  which  I  now  kuig  |o 

fee*. 

f^enat.  Sir»  we  are  all  fo  happy  as  to  have  a 
Sne,  frefli,  cool  mori)ing,  and  1  hope  we  (hall 
each  be  the  happier  in  the  other's  company^  And 
gentlemen,  that  I  may  not  iofe  yours,  I  fliaft 
either  abate,  or  amei^d  my  pace  to  enjoy  it^ 
knowing  that,,  as  the  Italians  fay.  Good  com- 
pany in  a  journey  makes  the  way  to  feem  the 
ihorter.  . 

Auceps.  It  may  do  ib  Sir,  with  the  help  of 
good  difcourfe,  which  mcthinks^  we  may  pro- 
mife  from  you  that  both  look  and  fpeak  ib 
cheirfully  :  and  for  my  part  I  'promife  you,  a» 
an  invitation  to  it,  that  I  will  be  as  free  and 
open  hearted,  as  difcretion  wilF  allow  me  to  be 
with  ftrangcfs. 

*  HodJe/doM'y  fo  it  ftands  in  Sftlman*%  ^iUart  Jmrli^» 

f  Tbt^iaUs,  ki  the  county  Qf  Hfrtjvrd\  a  houfe  Duilt  hf 

IktA  Burkigbj  and  much  hoproved  by  bis  ion,   Itohrt 

Pari  of  StdT/bury ;  who  cxchatfgcd4t  with  king  J^tmes  the 

Firft  for  *HatfiU.    CUmd*  JSrit.  Cmt  ami  Cbar.  cf  King 


Chap<  I.    the  Complete  Anolbr.  3 

Ven.  And,  Sir,  I  promife  tbe  like. 

Pifc.  1  am  right  gUd  to.  hear  your  anfwen, 
dhd  in  confidence  you  fpeak  the  truth,  I  fhall 
jAt  CO  a  boldnefs  to  aflc  you.  Sir,  whether  bufi- 
ncfi  or  pleafure  caufed  you  to  be  fo  early  up, 
and  walk  fo  faft  1  for  this,  other  eentleman  hath 
declared  he  i$  going  to  fee  a  hawk^  that  a  friend 
mews  for  him. 

Veg.  Sir^  m'me  is  a  mixture  of  both,  a  little 
bufinefs  and  oriore  pleafure ;  for  I  intend  this  day 
to  do  all  my.  bufinefs,  and  then  beftow  another 
day  or  two  in  hunting  the  Otter^  which  a  friend 
that  I  go  to  meet,  tells  me,  is  much  pleaianter 
than  any  other  chafe  whatfoever ;  howfoever  I 
mem  to  try  it ;  for  to-morrow  morning  we  (hall 
meet  a  pack  of  Otter-dogs  of  noble  Mr.  SaMer*9 
upon  AmweU-inllj  who  will  be  there  fo  early, 
that  they  intend  to  prevent  the  fun-rifing. 

Pifc.  Sir,  my  fortune  has  anfwered  my  de- 
fires,  and  my  purpofe  is  to  beftow  a  day  or  two 
tn  helping  to  deftroy  fome  of  thofe  villainous 
vermin,  for  I  hate  them  perfe&ly,  becaufe  they 
love  fi(h  fo  well.  Or  rather,  becaufe  they  deftroy 
fo  much ;  indeed  fo  mtich,  that  in  my  judgment 
all  men  that  keep  Octer-d(^  ought  to  have  pen- 
fions  from  the  King  to  encourage  them  to  de  • 
ftroy  the  very  breed  of  thefe  bSe  Otters,  they 
do  fo  muck  mifchief. 

Ven.  But  what  fay  you  to  the  Foxes  of  the 
Nation,  would  not  you  as  willingly  have  them^ 
deftroyed  ?  for  doubdels  they  do  as  much  roif- 
chief  as  .Otters  do*  t 

Pifc.  Oh  Sir,  if  they  do,  it  is  not  fo  much 
to  me~  and  my  fraternity,  as  tbofc  bafe  Vermin 
the  Otters  do.  ,  . 

B  2  y/lucu 


' 


/ 


4  5r*tf  Complete  Angler.      PartX- 

jIuc,  Why,  Sir,  I  pray,  of  what  Fraternity 
are  you,  that  you  are  fo  angry  with  the  poor 
Otters? 

Pifc.  I  am,  Sir,  a  brother  of  the  Angle,  and 
therefore  an  enemy  to  the  Otter :  for  you  are  to 
note,  that  we  Anglers  all  tore  one  another,  and 
therefore  do  I  bate  the  Otter  both  for  my  own 
and  for  their  fakes  who  are  of  my  brotherhood.    ^ 

Ven.  And  I  am  a  lover  of  Hounds  i  I  have 
followed  many  a  pack  of  dogs  many  a  mile,  and 
heard  many  merry  humfmen  make  fpon  and- 
fcoff  at  Anglers. 

Au€.  And  I  profefs  myfelf  a  Falconer,  and* 
have  heard  many  grave  fcrioti»  men  pity  them, 
*tis  fuch  a  heavy,  contemptible,  dull  recreation. 

Pifc.  You  know,  Gendcmen,  it  is  an  eafy^ 
thing  to  fcoflP  at  any  art  or  recreation ;  a  little  * 
wit  mixt  with  ill  nature,  confidence  and  malice,.* 
will  do  it ;  but  though  they  often  venture  boldly, 
yet  they  are  often  caught  even  in  their  own? 
trap,  accordmg  to  that  oi  Lucian^  the  father  of . 
the  family  of  Scoffers. 

Lucian  weUJkiWd  in  fcoffingy  this  bath  nvrit^ 
Friend^  tbai'sycurfolfy  wbicbyou  tbinkyour  wit :. 
"T bis  you  vent  oft^  void  both  of  wit  and  f tar  ^ 
Meaning  another^  wben  your f elf  you  jeer. 

« 

If  to  this  you  add  what  Solomon  fays  of  Scof- 
fers, that  rhry  are  an  abomination  to  mankind, 
l^et  him  that  thinks  $t  feoff  on,  and  be  a  Scoffer  i 
ftill ;  but  I  account  them  enemies  to  me,  and  to, 
all  that  love  virtue  and  Angling. 

And  for  you  th^t  have  heard  many  gr^ve. 
ferious  men  pity  Anglers ^  let  me  tell  you.  Sir,; 

there 


Chtp.  X.    The  CoMPLETX  A  holer.  5 

there  be  many  men  that  arc  by  others  taken  to^ 
be  ferious  and  grave  men,  which  we  contemn 
and  pity.  Men  that  are  taken  to  be  grave^ 
becaufe  nature  hath  made  them  of  a  four  com- 
plexion^  mooey-gecting  n>en,  men  that  fpend  all 
cheir  time  firft'  in  getting,  and  next  in  anxious 
care  to  keep  it ;  men  that  are  condenuied  to  be 
rich,  and  then  always  bufy  or  difcontented :  ifor 
thefe  poor-rich-men,  we  Anglers  pity  them  per- 
fcfUy,  and  ftand  in  no  need  to  borrow  their 
thoughts  to  think  ourfelves  fo  happy.  No,  no» 
5ir,  we  enjoy  a  contentednefs  above  the  reach 
of  fuch  difpofitions,  and  as  the  learned  and  ia« 
genuous  *  Mantaigite  fays  like  himfelf  freely, 
^'  When  my  Cat  and  I  entertain  each  other 
*^  with  mutual  apifli  tricks,  as  playing  with  a 
*^  garter,  who  knows  but  that  I  make  my  Caa 
'<  more  fport  than  (he  makes  me  ?  (hall  1  con« 
^<  dude  her  to  be  fimple,  diat  has  her  time  to 
begin  or  tcfjoSc  to  play  as  freely  as  I  my(elf 
havei  Nay,  who  knows  hut  that  k  is  a  defeA 
of  my  not  4ioderftandiQg  her  language  (for 
^  doubtlels  Cats  calk  and  reafon  with  one  ano* 
ther)  that  we  agoee  bo  bettor :  and  who  knowvi 
^  but  tthat  (he  pities  me  for  being  no  wifer, 
than  to  play  with  her,  asd  laughs  and  cenfures 
my  folly  for  making  fport  lor  her  when  we 
two  play  together?*' 
Thus  freely  fpeaks  MnHi^gm  Gonceroiog  Cata» 
an(}  I  hope  I  ^ajr  take  as  great  a  liberty  to  blame 
any  man,  aod  laijgh  at  him  too  kt  him  be  never 
fo  grave,  that  hath  not  btard  what  Anglers  can 
fay  in  the  j  unification  of  their  Art  and  RecBCft* 

*  In  Apol.  for  Raim.  di  Sihnit* 

B  3  tion.| 


cc 


6''  The  CoiipLETE  Anglbr.      Partf, 

tion  \  which  I  may  again  tell  you  is  fo  full  of 
plcafure,  that  we  need  not  borrow  their  thoughts  ' 
to  think  ourfclvcs  happy. 

Fen.  Sir  J  you  have  almoft  amazed  me,  for 
though  I  am  no  Scoffer,  yet  I  have,  I  pray  let 
me  fpeak  it  without  offence,  always  looked  upon 
Anglers  as  more  patient  and  more  Ample  meni 
than  I  fear  I  (hall  find  you  to  be.  % 

Pi/c.  Sir,  I  hope  y6i!  will  not  judge  my 
eameftnefs  to  be  impatience  i^  and  for  nr^y  umpK'r 
city,  if  by  that  you  mean  a  harmleflhefs,  or  that 
fimplicity  ^hich  was  ufually  found  in  the  primi- 
tive Chriftians,  who  were,  as  moft  Anglers  afe^ 
quiet  men,  and  followers  of  peace ;  men  that 
were  fo  fimply-^wifc,  as  not  to  fell  their  Con- 
ftpiences  to  buy  riches,  and  with  them  vexatiori. 
find  a  fear  to  die  ^  if  you  mean  fuch  fimple  men 
as  lived  in  thofe  times  when  th^re  w^re  fewer 
Lawyers  *,  when  men  might  have  had  a  Lordfiilp 
fafely  conveyed  to  them  m  a  piece  of  parchment 
no  bigger  than  your  hand,  though  feveral  fheets^ 
ivill  not  do  it  fafely  in  this  wifer  a^e }  I  fay.  Sir, 
if  you  take  us  Anglers  to  be  fuch  fimple  men  as 
I  have  fpokc  of,  then  myfeff  and  thofe  of  my 
profefllon  will  be  glad  to  be  fo  underftood :  Bdt 
if  by  fimpli<:ity  you  meant  to  exprefs  a  general 
defeat  in  thofe  that  profefs  and  pradife  the 
excellent  Art  of  Angling,  I  hope  in  time  to 
difabufe  you,  and  make  the  contrary  appear  fo 
evidently,  that  if  you  will  but  have  patience  toi 
hear 'me,  I  fhall  remove  all  the  anticipations 
that  difcourfe,  or  time,  or  prejudice  have  ,pof- 
icf«*d  you  with  againft  that  laudable  and  ancient 
Art  i  for  I  know  it  is  worthy  the  knowledge  and 
prafticc  of  a  wife  man. 

But, 


Cbap»  I.    ^be  CoI«plbtb  ANCLfcn*         -  9 

uicful  aod  pleafant  to  mankind,  that  I  muft  not 
let  them  pafs  without  fon^e  oblervactons :  they 
both  feed  and  refre&  him ;  feed  him  wich  their 
choice  bodies^  aod  refrelh  him  with  their  heaven* 
ly  voices.  1  will  not  undertake  to  mention  the 
ieveral  kinds  of  Fowl  by  which  this  is  done  \  and 
fats  curious  palace  pleafed  by  day»  and  which  with 
their  very  excrements  afibrd  him  a  foft  lodging 
at.  night*  Thefe  I  will  pafs  by,  but  not  thole 
little  nimble  MuGcians  of  the  air«  that  warble 
forth  their  curious  Ditties,  with  which  nature 
hath  fumiifaed  them  to  the  Ihame  of  art. 

As  firft  the  Lark,  when  (he  means  to  rejoice  1 
to  cbcar  herfelf  and  thofe  that  hear  her,  (he  then 
quits  the  earthy  and  fings  as  (he  afcends  higher 
into  the  air,  and  having  ended  her  heavenly  em* 
idoyment,  grows  then  mute  and  fad  to  think  (he 
muft  defcend  to  the  dull  earth,  which  (he  would 
not  touch  but  for  neceflity. 

How  do  ihe  Blackbiid  and  Thra(rel  with 
their  melodious  voices  bod  welcome  to  the  chear* 
ful  Spring,  and  in  their  fixed  Months  warble 
forth  fuch  ditties  as  00  art  or  inftrument  caa 
reach  to  i 

Nay,  the  fmaller  birds  alfo  do  the  like  in  their 
particular  Xeafons,  as  namely  the  Leverock,  the 
Tit-lark,  .the  little  Linnet,  and  the  honeft  Ro-- 
bin,  that  loves  mankind  both  alive  and  dead* 

But  the  Nightingale,  another  of  my  airy  crea* 
tures,  breathes  fuch  fweet  loud  mufick  out  of  her 
little  inftrumental  throat,  that  it  might  make, 
ipankind  to  think  miracles  are  not  ceafcd.  He 
that  ac  midnight,  when  the  very  labourer  fleeps' 
iecurely,.  (houkl  hear,  as  I  have  very  often,  the 
clear  airs,  thefweet  dcfcants,.  the  natural  rifing 

and 


and  falling,  the  doubling  «nd  redoubling  of  her 
voice,  might  well  be  lifted  above  earth,  and 
fay,  Lord,  what  mufick  haft  thou  provided 
for  the  faints  in  heaven,  when  thou  afford^  bad 
men  fucb  mufick  on  Earth ! 

And  this  makes  me  the  iefs  to  wonder  at^e 
many  Aviaries  in  Ilafy^  or  at  the  great  charge  of 
Farra  his  Aviarie,  the  ruins  of  which  are  ycr 
to  be  feen  in  Romij  and  is  (till  fo  famous  tliere^ 
that  it  h  reckoned  for  one  of  thofe  notaUes 
whidi^  mon  of  .foreigo  nations  either  record,  or 
lay  up  in  their  memories  when  they  return  from 
travel. 

i  This  for  the  birds  of  pleafure,  of  which  very 
much  more  might  be  (aid.  My  next  (hall  be 
of  birds  of  political  ufe  ^  I  think  'tis  not  to  be 
doubted  that  Swallows  have  been  taught  tocvry 
letters  ^tween  (wo^  armies*  .  But  'tit  certain 
that  when  'the  Tttrkyhcritged  Malf a  or  Rhodes^ 
I  Mfw  remember  not  which  it  was.  Paeons  ietre 
then  related  to  carry  ^n«]  recarry  letters.  And 
Mr.  G.  Sandfs  ^,  in  his  travels,  relates  it  to  be 
done  betwixt  Alepfo  and  Babylon.  But  if  that  be 
difbelieved,  it  is  not  to  be  doubted  that  the  Dove 
was- fent  out  of  the  ark  by  iV^^)  to  give  him 
notice  of  land,  ivhen  to  him  all  appeared  to  bfir 
fea^ land  the  Dove  proved  a  faithful  and. comfort* 
abl<  mefienger*    And  for  the  facrifices  of  the 

'.  *•  \b[*  Giorge  Sanips^  a  very  Uarned  and  accompUflied 
peiiUtmv^t  wat  the  yonngeft  Ton  of  Dr.  £^win  Sandys^  Arch* 
biflipp  of  York*  He  p^blifhed  his  Txavels  to  the  Holy  Land. 
Egypty  and  elfewhere,  in  fol.  16709  and  made  an  excellent 
j^afaphraii^  on  the Pfalmsf  Canticks,  and  tccUJioftfiy  in  ▼cHe  j 
and  aUb  tranilated  Ovid*s  Metamorfhojes.  He  dkd  in  1 642 1 
tod  w«|s  one  of  th«  beft  veffi&ers  of  that  age. 

law, 


Chap.'l.    Ti^  Complete  AncleIi.         it 

law,  a  pair  of  Turtle-doves  or  youDg  Pigeons^ 
were  as  well  acctpted  as  coftly  Bulls  and  Rams. 
And  when  God  would  feed  the  Prophet  Elijah^ 
1  Kings  xvii.  6.  after  a  kind  of  miraculous  man- 
ner,  he  did  it  by  Ravens^  who  brought  him  meat 
morning  and  evening.  Laftly,  the  Holy  Gholtt 
when  he  defcended  vifibly  upon  our  Saviour^ 
did  it  by  afluming  the  Ihape  of  a  Dove.  And^ 
to  conclude  this  part  of  my  dtfcourfe,  pray  re- 
member  thefe  wonders  were  done  by  birds  of  the 
air,  the  element  in  which  they  and  I  take  fo 
much  pleafurc. 

There  is  alfo  a  little  contemptible  winged 
Creature,  an  inhabitant  of  mj  aereal  element, 
namely  the  laborious  Bee,  of  whofe  Prudence^ 
Policy,  and  regular  government  of  dieir  own 
commonwealth,  1  might  (ay  much,  as  alfo  of  their 
feveral  kinds,  and  how  ufeful  their  honey  and 
wax  is  both  for  meat  and  medicines  to  man- 
kind * ;  but  I  will  leave  them  to  their  fweet 
labour,  without  the  leaft  difturbance,  believing 
them  to  be  all  very  bofy  at  this  very  time 
amongft  the  herbs  and  flowers  that  we  fee  na^- 
ture  puts  forth  this  A6y  morning. 

And  now  to  return  to  my  Hawks,  from  whom 
I  have  made  too  long  a  digreffion ;  you  are  to 
note,  that  they  are  uiually  diftinguilhed  into  two 
kinds ;  namely,  the  long-winged  and  the  (horo- 
winged  Hawk :  of  the  firft  kind,  there  be  chiefly 
in  ufe  amongft  us  in  thb  nation. 

The  Gerfalcon  and  Jerkin. 
The  Falcon  and  Taffcl-gentel. 

*  See  the  Feminine  Monarchy;  ^^  Hiitory  of  Bees«  by 
Charles  Butler^  4to,  1 634. 

The 


It  516^  CoMPLBTE  Angler.    PartL 

The  Laner  and  Lancret. 
.  ,  The  Bockcrcl  and  Bockeret. 

The  Saker  and  Sacaret. 

The  Merlin  and  Jack  Merlin. 

The  Hobby  and  Jack. 

There  is  the  SicUctto  of  Spain. 

The  Blood -red  Rook  from  Turkey i 

The  Wafkite  from  Virgima. 

And  there' is  of  (horc-winged  Hawks^ 

The  Eagle  and  Iron. 

The  Gofbawk  and  Tarcel. 

The  Sparhawk  and  Mufket. 

The  F^remh  Pye  of  two  forts. 

Thefe  are   reckoned  Hawks    of    note  and 
worth,  but  we  have  alfo  of  an  inferior  rank> 
,     The  Sianyel,  the  Ringtail.  .  , 

The  R^ycn,  the  Buzzard. 

The  forked  Kite»  the  Bald  Buzzard. 

The  Hen-driver»  and  others  that  I  forbear-  to 
Hanoc  *.  . 

Gentlemen,  if  I  fiiould  enlarge  my  difcourfe 
to  the  obieryation  of  the  Eires,  the  Brancher^ 
the  Ramiih  Hawk^  the  Haggard,  and  the  two 
ibrts  of  Lentners,  and  th^n  treat  <^  their  leveral 
vAyries,  their  Mewings,  rare  order  of  calting» 
and  the  renovation  of  their  feathers ;  their  tmr 
claiming,  dieting,  and  then  come  to  their  rare 
ftories  of  practice  ;^  I  fay,  if  I  (hould  enter  into 
thefe,  and  many  other  obfervacions  that  I  could 
make,  it  would  be  nSucb,  very  mgch  pleafurc  to 
me:  but  left  I. (hould  break  the  rules  of  civi- 
lity with  you,  by  taking  up  more  than  the  pro- 

'  *  See  Turhr^ilUyLaih^m^  and  Markbamj  on  Falconry. 

5  portioa 


Chap.  I.    The  Complete  Awcle*.         tj 

portion  of  time  allotted  to  me,  I  will  here  break 
offy  and  entreat  you,  Mr.  Venatinry  to  fay  whac 
you  are  able  in  the  commendation  of  Hunting, 
to  which  you  are  fo  much  afie&ed ;  and  if  time 
will  ferve,  I  will  beg  your  £ivoor  for  a  further 
enlargement  of  (bme  of  tbofe  feveral  heads  of 
which  I  have  fpoken.   But  no  more  at  prefent. 

Venat.  Well,  Sir,  and  1  will  now  take  my  turn, 
and  will  fiHl  begin  with  a  commendation  of  the 
Earth,  as  you  have  done  moft  excellently  of  the 
AiT\  the  Earth  being  that  element  upon  which 
I  drive  my  pleafant,  whollbme,  hungry  trade. 
The  ]^arth  is  a  folid,  fetded  element ;  an  ele* 
ment  moft  univerfally  beneBcial  both  to  man  and 
beaft :  to  men  who  have  their  feveral  recreations 
upon  it,  as  horfe -races,  hunting,  fweet  fmells, 
pleafant  walks :  the  earth  feeds  man,  and  all 
thofe  feveral  beafts  that  both  feed  him,  and  af- 
ford him  recreation.  What  pleafure  doth  man 
take  in  hunting  the  ftately  Stag,  the  generous 
Buck,  the  Wild  Boar,  the  cunning  Occer,  the 
crafty  Fox,  and  the  fearful  Hare  ?  And  if  1  may 
defcend  to  a  lower  game,  what  pleafure  is  it 
fometimes  with  gins  to  betray  the  very  vermin 
of  the  earth  ?  as  namely,  the  Fichat,  the  Fuli* 
mart,  the  Ferret,  the  Pole-cat,  the  Mouldwarp, 
and  the  like  creatures  that  live  upon  the  face,  and 
within  the  bowels  of  the  earth.  How  doth  the 
earth  bring  forth  herbs,  flowers  and  fruits,  both 
fbr  phyfick  and  the  pleafure  of  cpankind  ?  and 
above  alt,  to  me  at  leaft,  the  fruitful  vine,  of 
which,  when  i  drink  moderately,  it  clears  my 
brain,  chears  my  heart,  and  (harpens  my  wit. 
How  could  CUopalra  have  feafted  Mark  Antony 
with  eight  Wild  Boars  roafted  whole  at  one  fup- 

fcr,* 


14         72^^  Complete  At^gler,      Part-L 

per,  and  other  meat  fuitable,  if  the  earth  had 
not  been  a  bountiful  mother  ?« But  to  pafs  by  the 
mighty,  Elephant,  which  the  earth  breeds  and 
nourifbeth,  and  defcend  to  the  leaft  of  creatures, 
how  doth  the  earth  aflFord  us  a  dodrinal  example 
in  the  little  Pifmire,  who  in  the  fummer  provides 
and  lays  up  her  winter  provilion,  and  teaches 
man  to  do  the  like*  ?  The  earth  feeds  and  carries 
thofe  horfes  that  carry~  us>.  If  I  would  be  prodi- 
gal  of  my  time  and  your  patience,  what  might 
not  I  fay  in  commendations  of  the  earth  ?  that 
puts  limits  to  the  proud  and  raging  Tea,  and  by 
that  means  preferves  both  man  and  beail  that  it 
deflroys  them  not,  as  we  fee  it  daily  doth  thoie 
that  venture  upon  the  fea,  and  are  there  ftiip- 
wrecked,  drowned,  and  left  to  feed  Haddocks  ; 
when  we  that  are  fo  wife  as  to  keep  ourfelves  on 
earth,  walk,  and  talk,  and  Jive,  and  eat,  and 
drink,  and  go  a  hunting :  of  which  recreation  I 
will  fay  a  little,  and  then  leave  Mr.  Pifeator  to 
the  commendation  of  Angling. 

Hunting  is  a  game  for  princes  and  noble  per- 
sons; it  hath  been  highly  prized  in  all  ages  -,  it 
was  one  of  tiie  qualifications  that  Xenophonht- 
(lowed. on  his  Cyrus^  that  he  was  a  hunter  of  wild 
beads.  Hunting  trains  up  the  younger  nobility 
tb  the  ufe  of  manly  exercifes  in  their  riper  age. 
What  more  manly  excrcife  than  hunting  the 
Wild  Boar,  the  Stag,  the  Buck,  the  Fox  or  the 
Hare  ?  how  doth  it  preferve  healthy  and  incr^afe 
ftrength  and  activity  ? 

And  for  the  dogs  that  "we  ufe,  who  can  com- 

*  See  a  vtry  carious  and  entcrtammg  accoant  of.the  in* 
dqftry  and  fagacity  of  this  little  animal  in  the  Guardianf 

liiend 


Chap.  I.  'Thi  CoMPLfiTi  Anclea.         tB 

• 

mend  their  excellency  to  that  height  which  they 
deferre  ?  How  perfedk  is  the  hound  tt  finelling» 
who  never  leaves  or  forfakes  his  firft  fcent,  but 
follows  it  through  fo  many  changes  and  varieties 
of  other  fcents,  even  over,  and  in  the  water,  and 
into  the  earth  ?  What  mufick  doth  a  pack  of  dogs 
then  make  to  any  man,  whofe  heart  and  ears  are 
fo  happy  as  to  m  fet  to  the  tune  of  fuch  inftru* 
ments  ?  How  will  a  right  Greyhound  fix  his  eye 
on  the  beft  Buck  in  a  herd,  fingle  him  out,  and 
follow  himi  and  him  only  through  a  whole  herd 
of  rafcal  game,  and  ftiU  know  and  then  kill  him  ? 
For  my  Hounds  1  know  the  language  of  them^ 
and  they  know  the  language  and  meaning  of  one 
another,  as  perfedly  as  we  know  the  voices  of 
thofe  with  whom  we  difcourfe  daily. 

I  might  enlarge  myfelf  in  the  commendation 
of  Hunting,  and  of  the  noble  Hound  efpecially^ 
as  alfo  of  the  doeiblenefs  of  dogs  in  general ; 
and  I  might  make  many  obfcrvations  of  land- 
creatures,  that  for  compoficion,  order,  figure, 
and  conftitution,  approach  neareft  to  the  com* 
pleatnefs  and  underftanding  of  man ;  efpecially 
of  thofe  creatures  which  Mofes  in  the  law  per- 
mitted to  the  Jews^  which  have  cloven  hoofs 
and  chew  the  cud  *,  which  I  (ball  forbear  to 
name,  becaufe  I  will  not  be  fo  uncivil  to  Mr^ 
Pifcatar^  as  not  to  allow  him  a  time  for  the  com- 
mendation of  Angling,  which  he  calls  an  art} 
but  doubtlefs  it  is  an  eafy  one :  and  Mr.  Aiutps^ 
I  doubt  we  fhall  hear  a  watery  difcourfe  of  it,  but 
I  hope  it  will  not  be  a  long  one. 

Auc.  And  I  hope  fo  too,  though  I  fear  it  will. 

•  Fife.  Gentlemen^  let  not  prejudice  prcpof- 

fefs  you.   I  confefs  my  difcour le  is  like  to  prove 

fu  it  able 


j$  Tie  CoM^tETB  AjfGifiR.      Pttrth 

futtabte  to  my  recreation,  calm  and  quiet  $  we 
fetdom  take  the  nanie  of  God  into  our  mouths^ 
but  it  is  either  to  praife  him  or  pray  to  him  ^  if 
others  ufe  it  vainly  in  the  midft  of  their  recrea-' 
,  fions,  fo  vainly  as  if  they  meant  to  conjure;  I 
^uft  tell  you>  it  is  neither  our  fault  or  our  cuftom^ 
we  protelt  againfl:  it.  But,  pray  remember  I 
accufe  no-body  V.  for  as  I  would  not  make  a. 
watery  difcourfe,  fo  I  would  not  put  too  much 
vinegar  into  it;  nor  would  I  raife  the  reputation^ 
of  my  own  art,  by  the  diminotioft  or  ruin  of 
another's.  And  fo  much  fur  the  prologue  to- 
what  I  nie^n  to  fay. 

And  now  for  the  Water,  the  element  that  I 
trade  in.  The  water  is  the  elded:  daughter  of  the 
creation,  the  element  upon  which  the  Spirit  of 
God  did  firft  move,  the  element  which  God  com- 
manded to  bring  forth  living  creatures  abundant- 
ly ;  and  without  which,  thofe  that  inhabit  the 
land,  even  all  creatures  that  have  breath  in  their 
noftrils,  mud  fuddenly  return  to  putrefaction. 
Mojes^  the  great  lawgiver  and  chief  philofopher, 
fkillcd  in  all  the  learning  of  the  Egyptians^  who 
was  called  the  friend  of  God,  and  knew  the 
mind  of  the  Almighty,  names  this  element  the 
firft  in  the  creation ;  this  is  the  element  upon 
which  the  Spirit  of  God  did  firft  move,  and  is 
the  chief  ingredient  in  the  creation  :  many  phi- 
lofophers  have  made  it  to  comprehend  all  the 
other  elements,  and  moft  allo^  it  the  chiefeft  in 
the  mixtion  of  all  living  creatures. 

There  be  that  profeft  to  believe  that  all  bo- 
dies are  made  of  water,  and  may  be  reduced 
back  again  to  water  only :  they  endeavour  to 
demonftratc  it  thus : 

Take 


tftap.  I.    tit  CakpiesTB  ANCtkt.         tf 

Take  i  wlUow,  or  faj  Uks  .fpecdy  glowing 
{rbiu,  mm\y  rooted  in  a  box  or  .b^rel  fuU  off 
f  artb,  weigh  t^em  aA  toother  ejraftly  wtbtn  the 
treas  begin  to  gra«r^  a»d  then  wefgh  attcogedier 
after  the  tre$  is  incresM  from  \nmk  roodng*  to 
l¥eigh  an  fauodncd  pound  weight  more  than  when 
it  was  firQ:  rooted  and  weighedi  and  you  ibaU 
find  this  aiigrfient  of  die  tree  to  be  i/veitkout  the  * 
diminurkki  of  one  drachm  weight  of  the  eartfai 
Hence  they  inf^r  this  iitercafe  of  wood  to.  be 
from  water  or  rain,  orfrom  dew,  and  hot  to  be 
i^m  any  dtlkr  ilnancitat.  And  the^  aif&rm,.  they  * 
ean  redtfce  thia  wood  bou^k  again  to  water )  ana 
they  affirm  atfo  ihe  fame  may  be  done  la  any 
an'ima)  or  vegeta(bie.  And  this  I  take  to  be  a 
him  teftimo|)y  of  the  tfxpdiency  of. my  element 
of  wafer^ 

ICbc  wat^r  is  4ffiofe  {frodirdive  than  the  earth*  . 
Nay,  the  earth  hath  no  fruitfulneis  without 
fhowers  or  dews ;  for  all  the  herb?;^  and  flowerSt* 
and  fruitare  produced  ^d  thrive  by  the  watery 
and  the  very  minerahare  fed  by  ilreamsthat  run 
under  ground^  ^Uok  naturial  courle  carries  them> 
to  the  tops  of  many  high  maintains,  as  we  fee 
by  feveraA  ^rin^^bredking  forth  on  the  tops  of 
the  higheft  hills ;  and  this  is  alfc  WitMiled,  by 
the  daily  trial  and  teftimony  of ^feveral  miners. 

Nay,  the  increafe  of  thofe  creatures  that  are 
bt«d  amf  fed  In  the  whter;  iise  noi:,  offiTy  moreand 
mbft  pfwrnculbos;  but  mofeadvant^busto  man, 
rtot  only  for  the  length^ping  of  k'rs  life,  but  for^ 
the  pn^entinfg  qf  fi5f  defs  •,  fpr  it  is  abferved  by 
the  moft  learned  phy^cians^  that  the  cafting  oflT 
of  lent  and  other-  fifli  dayj,**VfWch  hath  not 
only  given  the  lie  to  fo  many  learned,  pious, 

C  wife 


it         The  CoifFLfeTS  AKCtJfit.   .  Part  I. 

wife  founders  of  cottegea,  for^which  we.  Ibould 
be  afbamedt  has  doubdefs  been  the  chief  caufe 
of  thofe  many  putrkt,  ibakihgf  intermitciog 
agues,  unco  which  this  natibn  of  ours  is  now 
more  fub]e£fc  than  thofe  wiftr  coumtries  that  feed 
on  herbs,  fallets,  and  plenty  of  fifb^  of  which  it 
is  obferved  in  ftory,  that  the  greateft  part  of  the 
.  world  now  do.  And  it  may  be  fit  to  remember 
that  Mofes^  Lev.  xi.  9,  Btut.  xiv.  9.  ^pointed 
fifli*  to  be  the  chief  diet  for  the  beft  common^ 
wealth  thdt  ever  yet  was. 

And  it  is  obfervaUe,  not  only  that  there  are 
fifh,  as  namely  the  Whale,  three  times  as  big  as 
the  mighty  Elephant,  that  is  io  fierce  in  battle^ 
but  that  the  mightieft  leafts  have  been  of  filh4 
The  Romans  J  in  the  height  of  their  glory,  have 
made  fidi  the  miftrefs  of  all  their  entertainments  1 
they  bare  had  mufick  to  iifher  in  their  Sturgeons^ 
Lampreys,  and  Mullets,  which  they  would  pur<^ 
chafe  at  rates  rather  to  be  wondered  at  than  be^ 
lieved.  He  that  (hall  view  the  writings  of  Mi- 
irobius  ♦,  or  Varro  f ,  may  be  confirmed  and 
informed  of  this,  and  of  the  incredible  yalpj^of 
their  fifli  and  fi(hponds. 

But,  Gentlemen,  I  have  almoft  loft  myfelf, 
which  I  confefs  I  may  eafily  do  in  this  philofophi* 
cal  difcourfe ;  I  met  with  moft  of  it  very  lately^ 

^  Jurelius  Uder^hiui^  a  kattted  writer  of  the. fourth  ^ea« 
tury ;  he  was  chamberlaia  to  the  Emperor  TbtUpfi^s  ;,  he 
wrote  Saturnaliu^  a  learned  work  on  antiquities  \  and  many 
other  books,  which  are  now  loft. 

t  Marcus  Tirenfius  Varro^  a  moft  learned  /^MUM^  ed« 
temporary  with  Ckir9^  and  anthor,  as  it  is  fiud,  of  near  five 
hundred  volumes*  He  is  ont  of  iho  beft  writers  oa  agri* 
culture. 

and. 


Knd,  I  hopc^  happily,  in  a  conference  with  « 
inoft  learned  phyfician.  Dr.  IVbarton  *»  a  dear 
friend^  that  loves  both  mt  and  my  art  of  an^* 
ling.  But  however^  I  will  wade  no  deeper  iri 
theie  myiteriqus  arguments,  but  pafs  to  Aich  ob- 
fervations  as  I  can  manage  with  more  pleafure^ 
and  lefs  fear  of  running  into  error.  But  I  mu^ 
|iot  yet  forfake  the  waters,  by  whofe  help  we 
have  fo  tpany  known  advantages. 

And  firft,  to  pafs  by  the  miraculous  cures 
6f  our  known  baths,  how  advantageous  is  tlie 
lea  for  our  daily.  trii(fick«  without .  which  we 
tould  not  now  fubfift?  How  does  it  not  only 
furniih  us  with  food  and  phyfick  for  the  bodies^ 
but  with  fuch  obiervations  for  the  mind  as  ihge» 
nious  perfons  would, not  want  F  . 

Hqw  ignorant  had  we  been  of  the  beauty  of 
Florence^  of  the  monuments,  urns,  and  rarities 
that  yet  remain  in,  and. near  unto  old  and  nevir 
Rome^  fo  many  as  it  is  faid  will  rake  up  a  yearns 
time  to  view,  and  aflford  to  each  of  ihcm  bat  a 
convenient  conlidcration ;  and  therefore  it  is  not 
to  be  wondered  at,  that  lb  learned  and  devout  a 
father  as  St.  Jerome^  after  his  wifli  to  have  fcta 
thrift  in  the  Jie/bi  and  to  have  heard  Sc.  Paul 
preach, .  makes  his  third  wi(h,  to  haveficn  Rome 
in  her  glory,',  and  that  glory  is  not  ycc  all  lolt, 
for  what  pleafure  is  it  to  fee  the  monuments  of 
Zii^,  the  choiceft  of  the  hiftorlans :  of  3ic/^, 
the  bcit  of  orators  ^  and  to  fee  the  bay  trees  that 
now  grow  out  of  tti6  very  tomb  of  Virgil? 

f  Dr  Thomas  Jt^barton^  an  emin^t  phyiician  and  tx^ 
^client  anatomiit.  and  Qrefhawk  profeflbr  of  ^phyfick.  He 
lived  iri  JUirfgdh-JfHit^  lokdcn,  and  died  *i  67  3.  At  hen, 
Okbn.  J 22. 

G..2  Thcfr. 


id         Tie  CoMmT2  AwdLiRf    €^*tl* 

Thefe,  ta  any  that  love  learnings  muft  be  pica- 
fing.  But  what  pieafare  is  it  to  a  devout  Chri(^ 
tian,  to  fee  there  the  humble  houfe  in  which  Sri . 
Paul  was  content  to  dwell,  and  to  view  the 
inany  rich-'  ftatues  that  are  there  made  in  honour 
prhis  memory  ?  nay,  to  fee  the  very  phce  In  - 
which  St.  Peier  *  and  he  lie  buried  together  ? 
Thefe  arc  in  and  near  to  Rome.  And  how  much 
«nore  doth  it  pleafe  the  pious  curiofity  of  a  Chrif- 
|iaiT,'CO  fee  that  place  on'  which  the  bleifcd  Sa»- 
triour  of  the  world  was  pleafed  to  humble  him- 
felf) .and  to  take  our  nature  ppon  him,  and  to 
converfe  with  men  ?  to  fee  mount  Sion^  Jerufa-^ 
hm^  and  the  very  fepulchre  of  our  Lord  Jefus? 
How  may  it  beget  and  heighten  the  zeal  of  a 
Chriftian,  to  fee  the  devotions  that  are  daily  paid 
to  him  at  that  place  ?  Gentlemen,  left  I  forget 
myfelf  I  will  ftop  here,  and  remember  you,  that 
but  for  my  element  of  water,  the  inhabitants  of 
shis  poor  ifland  muft  rensmin  ignorant  that  fucb 
things  ever  were>  or  that  any  of  them  have  yec 
a  being.     *  ' 

Gentlemen,  I  might  both  enlar^  and  lofe 
myfelf  in  fuch  like  arguments  j  I  might  tell  yoa 
•  that  Almighty  God  is'fajd  to  havq;  fpoken  to  a 
fifli,  but  never  to  a  beaft ;  that  he  hath  made  a 
whale  a  (hip  to  carry  and  fet  bis  prophet  Jonah 
fafe  on  the  appointed  Ihore.  Of  thefe  I  might 
fpeak,  but  I  muft  in  manners  break  off,  for  I  fee 
Theobalds  houfe.  I  crjr  you  mercy  for  being  fo 
long,  and  thank  you  for  your  patience. 

*  The  ProteHants  deny  not  only  that  St.  FeterWcs  buried 
in  the  Vati£an%  as  the  Romijb  writers  afTert,  but  that  be  ever 
*^z&  2XBjnns^     See  the  Hijioria  Afofiolica  of  Lud.  Capellus. 


Chap.  L    Tie  Complkts  ANatsii^         it 

Juceps.  Sir,  my  pardon  is  cafily  granted  you : 
t  except  againft  nothing  that  you  have  faid|^ 
neverthelefs,  I  muft  part  with  you  at  this  park- 
wall,  for  which  I  am  very  forry  %  but  I  aflfure  you, 
Mr.  Pif color ^  I  now  part  with  you  full  of  good 
thoughts,  not  only  i^yourfelf,  but  your  recrea** 
tion.     And  fo  gentlemen,  God  keep  you  both. 

Fife.  Well,  now  Mr.  Venaiar^  you  (hall  nci* 
cber  want  time  nor  my  attention  to  hear  you 
enlarge  your  difcourfe  concerning  hunting. 

Fenal.  Not  I  Sir,  I  remember  you  faid  tha€ 
angling  itfelf  was  of  great  antiquity,  and  a  per* 
fe£t  art,  and  an  art  not  eaGly  attained  to;  and 
you  have  fo  won  upon  me  in  your  former  dif- 
courfe, that  1  am  very  defirous  to  hear  what  you 
can  fay  further  concerning  thofe  particulars. 

Pifc.  Sir,  I  did  fay  £6^  and  I  doubt  not  but 
if  you  and  I  did  converfe  together  but  a  few 
hours,  to  leave  you  pofleft  with  the  fame  high 
and  happy  thoughts  that  now  poflefs  me  of  it  ; 
not  only  of  the  antiquity  of  angling,  but  that 
it  deferves  commendations ;  and  that  it  is  an  art, 
and  an  art  worthy  the  knowledge  and  praftice  of 
a  wife  man. 

f^enat.  Pray,  Sir,  fpeak  of  them  what  you 
think  fit,  for  we  have  yet  five  miles  to  the 
Thatch*d  houle,  during  which  walk,  I  dare  pro- 
mife  you  my  patience,  and  diligent  attention  (hall 
not  be  wanting.  And  if  you  (hall  make  that  to 
appear  which  you  have  undertaken,  firft,  that  it 
is  an  art,  and  an  art  worth  the  learning,  I  (hall 
beg  that  I  may  attend  you  a  day  or  two,aii(hingt 
and  that  I  may  become  your  fcholar,  and  be 
inftruded  in  the  art  itfelf  which  you  fo  much 
magnify. 

C3  Pifc. 


22  J'i^^  Complete  Angler.      PartV 

Pifc.  *0,  Sir,  doubt  not  but  that  ianglirtg  \^ 
4n  art ;  is  it  not  an  art  to  deceive  a  Trout  with 
an  anific^al  Flie  ?  a  Trout !  that  is  more  (harp- 
Cghted  than  any  Hawk  you  hav^c  named,  and 
more  watchful  and  timorous  than  your  high 
rtiettled  Merlin  is  bold  ?  and  yet,  I  doubt  not  to 
catch  a.  brace  or  two  to-morrow^  for  a  friend's 
brc;>kfaft :  doubt  not  therefore,  Sif,  but  that 
angling' is  an  art,  and  an  art  worth  your  learrt* 
ing:  the  queftion  is  rather,  whether  you  be 
capable  of  learning  it  ?  for  angling  is  fomewhat 
like  poetry,  men  are  to  be  born  fo :  I  mean^ 
>vith  inclinations  to  it,  though  boith  may  be 
heightened  by  difcourfe  and  praftice  -,  but  he  that* 
Iiopes  to  be  a  good  angler,  muft  not  only  bring 
an  enquiring,  fearching,  obferving  wit,  but  be 
muft  bring  a  large  meafure  of  hope  and  patience, 
and  a  love  and  propenfity  to  the  art  Itfclf  * -,  buc 

having 

*  Markham,  in  huCounfryCffnieniments^  has  a  whole  chapr 
XfiT  on  the  fubjc6t  oi  the  jingler*s  appardt  ami  innjcardquali^ 

.im\  fome  orwhieh  are,  "  That  he  be  a^eneral  fcbolar,  an4 
**  feen  in  all^the  liberal  fciences ;  as  zgrammariant  to  kno\y 
"^^  how  to  write,  or  difcourfe,  of  his  art  in  true  and  fitting 
«** terms.  He  ihould  h^vtfiveeinefs  offpeetb,  to  entice  others 
V  to  delight  in  an  exerctfe  fo  much  laudablp.  He  fi^ould  have 
**  ftrengtbtf^ argument  to  defend  and  maintain  his  profefHoht 
•  *  againfl  envy  and  flander."  Thou  feeft,  reader,  how  eafily 
the  author  has  difpatched  GrdrHmar^  Rhetoricky  and  Logick^ 
three  of  the  liberal  fciences;  and  his  reafons  are  not  a  whit 
)ef8  convincing,  with  refpe^-to  the  other  fojur. 

^  than  would  thinjc  now»  that  with  proper  bait^  good 
tackle  in  his  pannier,  and  fo  much  fcience  in  his  head,  our 

.  angler  would  Hand  a  pretty  good  chance  to  catch  Mi ;  but, 
ajasl  thofe  are  little  to  the  purpofe,  without  the, Chrifiran 
Tiiptues  <4 /''itk^^^fh  A*>^  charity ;  and  ynlefs  the  cardin^U 
njirtues  Can  be  periuaded  to  go  a  fi(hingrthe  angler  may  as 
well  "(lay  at  home :  for  hear  what  Mr.  MwrWam  %s  about 

V      *     ^  fortitude : 


^ 


Chap.  !•    ne  CaMPtxTt  ANOLiftr        2^ 

having  once  got  and  pni£{ifed  it,  then  doubt  not 
but  angling  will  prove  to  be  fo  pleaTant,  that  it 
will  prove  to  be  like  virtue,  a  reward  to  itfclf*  ^ 

Venai.  Sir,  I  am  now  become  fo  fuU  of  tx^ 
peftation,  that  I  long  much  to  have  you  proceed, 
and  in  the  order  that  you  propofe. 

Pifc.  Then  firft,  for  the  antiquity  of  ans* 
ling,  of  which  I  (hall  not  fay  much,  but  onlv 
this-,  fome  fay  it. is  as  ancient  as  DtueaUant 
flood :  others,  that  Btbu^  who  ^^  ^'^  ^^^  in* 
vemor  of  godly  and  virtuous  recreations,  was 
die  firft  inventor  of  angling :  and  fome  others 
fty,  for  former  times  have  hac*  their  difquifitions 
li^ouc  the  anriquity  of  it,  ;r  <^*  Seih^  one  of  the 
ions  of  Adanh  tai^ht  it  to  his  fons,  and  that 
by  them  it  was  derived  to  pofterity :  others  fay, 
diat  he  left  it  engraven  on  thofe  pillars  which  he 
crcAed,  and  trufted  to  preferve  the  knowledge  of 
the  matbematicks,  mufick,  and  the  reft  of  that 
precious  knowledge,  and  thofe  ufeful  arts  which 
py  God's  appointment  or  allowance  and  his  noble 
induftiy,  were  diercby  preferved  from  perifhing 
in  NoaVs  flood. 

Thefe,  Sir,  have  been  the  opinions  of  feveral 
men>  thaj^bave  poffibly  endeavoured  to  make 

/artiiadti  **  Then  mofthe  be/r^f  tnd  t/alimiii  n^iber 
'*  to  be  amsBcd  mth  Aor«i«»  nor  ai&ighted  with  thandcr : 

*  and  if  be  is  noi  imfiraiif  bot  bas  a  snawing  ftomacb» 

*  thai  will  not  endare  much  fiiftingy  oat  muft  obferre 

*  hours ;  it  troobleth  the  mind  and  txidy,  and  lofeth  that 
'  delight  which  maketh  the  paftime  only  pleafing.*' 

There  is  no  doubt  but  Wdlun  had  this  cnapter  ofMurf^ 
kfm  in  his  eye ;  and  as  there  is  a  humorous  folemnity  in 
thus  attempting  to  dignify  an  art,  which  furely  borrows  as 
little  of  lis  permion  from  harming  as  any  that  is^prattfed, 
it  wai  thought  it  might  divert  the  reader  to  quote  it.    . 

C  4  angling 


»»  » 

»Oglitfg  morc^ncjcntjtfegifl  i$  ;iifpdful,  pr  may 
Itfell  be  ,W;Ji.rr^m€d }  b^ijit  for  my  pj^rt^  I  Ib^ll  con*' 
tej^t  my&lf  in  telling  you,,  tb^t  apgliog  is  much 
piQrj&s^nciient  th^n  the  incarnation  of  our  S^vipqr ; 
[or  io  ihe  Prc^bet  jimf^  luendqts  is  q^ade  of. 
,^(h-hooUs ;  and  in  the  rbook  of  ^ip^^ ,  whicfa;  w^; 
Wg.b?fprie  i(te;d^ys.,^f -^j,  fof  .that,  book  is 
feid  to  b^  writ  by  iVJ^Tf^,.  njq^dqp  i^  npiadp  aUqi 
pf  gfii-hookS)  which  muft  imply  apglers  io  tbofe 

But,  my  worthy  fnendi  as  1  would  rad^r 

grc^ye  myfcif  a  gentleman  by.  bqng  learned  an4: 
Hrtble,  yaliani:  f^d  inoJFqi^yc,  yirf^pijis  aD4: 
mtnmumc?ble,  th«»';^by  any  fond  o(|entati9^  of; 
richeSj  or  wan ting*'t hole  virtues  ,ipyftlfj.;boaiflt: 
that  thefe  w^re  in  my  anceftors,  and  yet  I  graot, 
^9t  where  a  noble  and  ancient  delc^pt  apd  fuctit 
Inerit  meet  in  any  man,  it  is  a  doifble  dignifi-, 
potion  pf  that  perfon ;  fp  if  thi^  gnjtiquity  of 
angling  which  for.ipy  part  I  haw  nftif  forjipdt; 
Jhall,  like  an  ancienf  foipiJy,  bo  eifher  an  hpng vj 
or  an  ornament  to  this  yirtMpus^t.wIuch  I  pro*: 
fefs  to  love*and  praftife,  I  IhalJ  be^tjic  gM^^.?. 
th&t  I  made  an  4ccid^nta)  menttpii  pf  the^^^qtir 
quity  of  it^  of  which  I  (hail  f^y  ;}0  t^pfc;,  tjmt^ 
proceed  to  that  juft  commend^tiofi  which  I  tiling 
?t  defervf $.  • "     ■  .  •'  •'  ;:.       '.  *'  .:     ■  ^ 

An<i  for  th^t  I  Ifas^ll  tel)  yoil,  diai  m  ancient 
times  a  debate  hath  rifen,  and  it  Remains  yc^^ 
uorefolved,  whether  the.bappiaef^^,  qf  man  in. 
this  world  doth  cpn|ift  i^Qr^ia^pfntemplationor 
aftion  *  ? 

^This  it^a  qtidlion  which  fliany  perfons  of  wit,  d|>«ciaH  j 
tmcmg  the  Italian  sftktrs,  hUvb  di^tlfibd ;  aM%9^fxtioB,  in 


t  (!^eroing  which  fome  have  cadeavoured  co 
I '  maintain  their  opinion  of  the  firft,  by  faying^ 
f  that  the  nearer  we  moruls  come  to  God  by  way 
of  imttation,  the  more  happy  we  are.  And  they 
iay,  that  God  enjoys  himfelf  only  by  a  contem* 
plation  of  his  own  inQnitenefs,  eternity,  power 
and  goodne(s»  and  the.  like*  And  upon  this 
giouiid,  many  cloifteral  men  of  great  learning 
and  devotionrprefer  contemplation  before  aftion« 
And  many  of  the  fathers  feem  to  approve  this 
opinbos  as  may  appear  in  their  commentaries 
ypon  the  words  of  our  Saviour  to  Martha^  Luke 
X.  41,  J^z. 

And  on  the  contrary,  there  want  net  men  of 
equal  authority  and  credit,  that  prefer  a£bioh  to 
be  the  more  excellent,  as  namely  experiments  in 
ghyQck,  and  the  application  of  it,  ooth  for  the 
cafe  and  prolongation  of  man's  life  \  by  which 
each  man  is  enabled  to  aft  and  do  good  to  others, 
either  to  fervc  his  country,  or  do  good  to  parti-, 
cular  perfons  I  and  they  fay  alfo,  that  adtion  is 
doftrinal,  and  teaches  both  art  and  virtue,  and 
is  a  maintainer  of  human  fociety ;  and  for  thefe, 
and  other  like  reafons,  to  be  preferred  before  con* 
temptation. 

Concerning  which  two  opinions  I  fliall  forbear 
to  add  a  third  by  declaring  my  own,  and  reft, 
myfelf  contented  in  tellinc  you,  my  »very  wor- 
thy friend,  that  both  thefe  meet  togetlier,  and 
do  mofi;  properly  belong  to  the  moft  honeft,  in* 
genuotts,  quiet,  and  harmlefs  art  of  angling. 

tKe  jodgment  of  Lord  ClannJmi,  about  as  profitable,  as  wbe« 
tber  a  long  joar&ey  is  beft  onder^keo  oq  a  iUck  or  a  haj 
Jiorfe^    Sa  L»d  Clareadon'i  TraSst  pag.  167* 

And 


i$         y^/CbMPtETE  Anglir.     Parti/ 

AncJ  firfti  i  0iali  tell  you  what  fome  havVobi- 
ifef  ved,  af)(J  1  h^ve  fouiid  it  to'  be  a  real  truths 
jhat  the  ycry  fitting  by  the  river's  fide  is  not  only 
the  <juieteft  a;id  fittefl  place  for  contemplation, 
but  will  invite  an  angler  to  it«  and  this  feems 
to  be  maintained  4>y  tl^e  learned  Peter  ^  Mdutifij 
♦  who  in  his  difcourfe  of,  th?t  fplfilltng  of  pro- 
phecies, bbferves,^  that  when  0od  intended  ta 
l^j^veal  any  future  events  or  high  notions  to  his 
prophets,  he-  then  carried  them  either  to  the 
defarts  or  the  fea-(hore,  that  having  fo  feparated 
them  from  amidft  the  prefe  of  people  and  bufi^* 
nefs,  and  the  cares  of  jthe  world,  he  might  fettle 
their  mind  in  a  quiet  repofe,  and  there  make 
them  fit  for  revelation, 

And  this  feems  alfo  to  be  intimated  by  the 
children  of  Ifrael^  Pfal  cxxxvii,  who  having  in  a 
fed  condition  baniflied  all  minh  and  mufick  from 
their  pen  five  hearxs,  and  having  hung  up  their 
then  mute  harps  upon  the  willow- trees  growing 
hyt\Strxvtr^  oiBahylon^  fat  down  upon  thoie  bankr 
bemoaning  the  ruins  of  Sion^  and  contemplating 
their  own  fad  condition. 

And  aj)  ingenuous  Spaniard -f  hy^y  that/*  ri- 
*«  vers  and  the  inhabitants  of  the  watry  clement 
*'  were  made  for  wife  men  to  contemplate,  and. 
**  fools  topafs  by  without  confideration.**  And 
though  1  will  not  rank  myfelf  in  the  number  of 
the  firft,  yet  give  me  leave  to  free  myfelf  from 
the  laft,  by  offering  to  you  a  fhort  contf  mpla- 
tion,  firft  of  rivers,  and  then  of  fifh  \  concern* 
ing' which  I  doubt  not  but  to  give  you  many 

•  Dr.  Peter  du  il/(?«/f«,, Prebendary  of  Canter hity^  and 
'  author  of  feveral  pieces  ia  the  Remifi  controverfy, 
t   Faldefo. 

obfervatio^ 


Ciap.  L    The  Complete  Amcler.         if 

pbfenrations  that  will  appear  very  coniiderable  t^ 
i  am  fure  they  have  appeared  fo  to  me,  and 
made  many  aa  hour  pais  away  more  pleafantly* 
as  I  have  fate  qoietly  on  a  flowery  bank  by  a 
calm  river,  and  contemplated  what  I  (hall  now 
relate  to  you. 

And  fir  ft  concerning  rivers ;  there  be  fo  many 
wonders  reported  and  written  of  them,  and  of 
the  feveral  creatures  that  be  bred  and  live  in 
them,  and  thofe  by  authors  of  fo  good  credit^ 
that  we  need  not  to  deny  them  an  hiftorical 
faith. 

As  nan^ely  of  a  river  in  EpiruSj  that  puts  out 
any  lighted  torch,  and  kindles  any  torch  tfcat 
was  not  lighted.  -Some  waters  beine  drunk  caufe 
madnefs,  fome  drunkennefs,  and  tome  laughter 
to  death.    The  river  Selarus  in  a  few  hours  turnr 
a  rod  or  wand  to  ftone :  and  our  CMiJem  men* 
tions  the  like  in  England^  and  the  like  in  Locb* 
mere  in  Ireland.    There  is  alto  a  river  in  Arabia^ 
of  which  all  the  (heep  that  drink  thereof  have 
'  their  wool  turned  into  a  vermilion  colour.   And 
one  of  no  lefs  credit  than  Ariftotky  tells  us  of  A 
merry  river,  the  river  Elufina^  that  dances  at  the 
noife  of  mufick,  for  with  mufick  it  bubbles* 
dances,-  and  grows  fandy,  and  fo  continues  till  the 
iiiufick  ceafes,  but  then  it  prefently  returns  to 
Its  wonted  calmhefs  and  cleamefs.    And  Camden 
feHs'us  of  a  well  near  to  Kirby  in  ff^ejimoreland^ 
diat  eb^bs  and  flows  feveral  times  every  dav.:  and 
he  tells  us  of  a  river  in  Surry^  it  is  called  Mole^ 
that  after  it  has  run  feveral  miles,  being  oppofed 
by  hills,  finds  or  makes  itfelf  a  way  under  ground, 
and  breaks  out  again  fo  far  off*,  that  the  inhabi- 
tants 


flS  J'lfc^  Complete  Angler.    Part  L 

tants  thereabout  boafl:,  as  the  Spaniards  do  of 
dieir  river  Anusj  that  they  feed  divers  flocks  of 
(beep  upon  a  bridge.  And  laftly,  for  I  woiilcl 
not  tire  your  patience,  one  of  no  lefs  authority 
tb^  Jpfiphusj  that  learned  Jew^  tells  us  of  a  river 
in  Judea^  that-  runs  fwifcly  all  the  fix  days  of 
the  week,  and  ftands  (till  and  refts  all  their  fab- 
bath." 

r  But  I  will  lay  afide  my  difcourfe  of  rivers,  and 
tell  you  fome  things  of  the  monfters,  or  fifh,  call 
them  what  you  will,  that  they  breed  and  feed  in 
them.  Pliftf  the  philofopher  fays,  in  the  third 
chapter  of  his  ninth  book,  that  in  the.  Indian 
feajyi  the fi(h  called  the  BaUnaox  Whirl-pool,  is 
fo  long  and  ^road,  as  to  t^^^  more  ii\  length 
and  breadth  than  two  acres  of  ground,  and  of 
pther  filh  of  two  hundred  cubits  long  \  and  that 
in  the*  river  Qanges^  thtvt  be  Eels  of  thirty 
feet  long.  He  fays  there,  that  thefe  nionfters 
appear  in  thac.fea  only,  when  the  tempeftuous 
Winds  oppofe  the  torrents  of  waters  falling  from 
the  rocks  into  it,  and  fo  turning  what  lay  at  the 
bottom  to  be  feen  on  the  waters  top.  And  he 
fays,  that  the  people  of  Cadaraj  an  ifland  near 
this  place,  make  the  timber  for  their  houfes  of 
thofe  fi(b-bones.  He  there  tells  us,  that  there 
M'e  fometimes  a  thoufand  of  thefe  great  Eels  found 
wrapt,  or  interwoven  together.  He  tells  us  there, 
that  it  appears  that  dolphins  love  mufick,  and 
will  come,  when  called  for,  by  fome  men  Or 
boys,  that  know  and  ufe  to  feed  them,  and  that 
they  can  fwim  as  fwift  as  an  arrow  can  be  (hoc 
out  of  a  bow,  and  much  of  this  is  fpoken  con^ 
cerning  the  dolphin,*  and  other  fiib,  as  may.  be 

found 


Chap*  I.    The  Complete  AKCLSt.         sy 

found  alfo  ia  the  learned  Dr.  Cafmhn^s  ^difcourfe 
of  credulity  and  incredulity,  prioccd^  by  him 
about  the  year  1 670. 

I  know,  we  iflanders  are  averfe  to  the  belief 
of  thefe  wonders ;  but,  there  be  (d  maay  ftrange 
creatures  to  be  now  feen,  niany  coHeded  bf 
Jclm  TraJefca$Uj  and  others  added  by  my  friend 
Elias  JJhmoU^  £iq;  who  now  keeps  .them  care* 
fully  and  methodically  at  his  houfe  near  to 
Lambeth  near  LondM  -f-,  as  may  get  fome  belief 

of 

f  Dr.  Meric  Cafimhnt  the  (ba  of  die  famoai  i/mat  Cajku- 
hmi  he  was  a  prebendary  of  Cataerhiy,  and  died  1671* 
See  his  life  in  the  Bhgraph.  Brttam. 

f  Mr.  John  Tradijcant  was  a  great  colledor  of  rarittes, 
and  lived  at  South  Lamhetht  in  Surry :  there  is  extant  a 
eatalogoe  of  his  co11e&ion»  entitaled,  Mufieum  Tnufe/cam- 
tianumy  in  fmall  OQavo^  1656.  Mr.  Jljbmok  and  hU 
wife,  boarded  at  his  hoofe  for  a  fammer;  and  Tradtp- 
taut  and  his  wife,  after  long  confideration  upon  whom 
they  ihonld  beilow  the  colledlion  above-mentioned  Joined  in 
a  deed  of  gift  thereof  to  Mr.  JJbmfiU.  What  kind  of  rari- 
ties they  were,  few  who  have  been  at  Oxford  are  ignorant ; 
it  feems  they  were  of  fach  a  fort  as  made  it  neceflary  that  a 
FemU'Covert^  the  wife  of  the  proprietor,  4liouId  join  in  a 
conveyance  pf  them;  in  which  refpe^t  it  mnft  be  owned. 
they  are  zreat  rarities  J  fiocf^  they  are,  by  that  circumftance 
alone,  difHoguifbed  from  et^ry  other  ipecies  of  perfonal 
property  in  this  kingdom.  However,  the  woman  feems  to 
have  repented  of  her  generofity :  for,  after  the  death  of  her 
hoCband,  Mr.  JjhmoS  applied  to  the  Court  of  Chancery, 
and  procured  a  decree  for  the  delivery  of  them.  Soon  after 
the  obtaining  whereof,  Mrs.  Tradifcant  was  found  drowned 
in  her  pond.  This  colledlion,  with  what  additions  he  after' 
wards  made  to  it,  Mr.  AJhmcU  gave  to  the  Univerfity  of  Ox- 
ford \  and  fo  became  the  founder  pf  the  AJhmoUan  Mufeum. 
JJhmole  was  at  firft  a  folicitor  in  Chancery ;  but  marrying  a 
lady  with  a  large  fortune,  he  addidted  bimfelf  to  the  then 
fafhionable  dudies  of  chemiltry  and  judicial  aftrology :  he 
was  befides  a  laborious  and  learned  antiquary,  and  a  very 
ikilful  herald.     But  the  foundnefs  of  his  underftanding  is 

rendered 


^o         .?*&?  Complete  Angler.      i*art  f; 

fcf  fomc  of  the  other  wonders  I  mentioned;  I 
iffiM  tell  you  fome  of  the  wonders  that- you  may 
DOW  feCt,  and  not  till  then  believe,  unlcfs  yoo 
think  ftrj 

You  nray  thtire  fee  the  HogrfiQii  the  Dog* 
fig,  the  Dolphin,  the  Goney-fiflj,  the  Farrot-fim^ 
the  Shark,  the  Poifon-fifli^  Sword-fifli^  and  not 
only  other  incredible  filh ;  but  you  may  there  fee 
the  Salamander^  feveral  forts  of  Barnacles^  of 
Solan  Geefe,  the  Bird  of  Pai'adife,  foch  forts  of 
Snakes,  and  fuch  Birds  nefts,  and  of  fo  various 
forms,  and  fo  wonderfully  made,  as  may  beget 
Wcrnde^and  amufemcrit  in  any  beholder :  and  to, 
many  hundred  of  other  rarities  in  that  colleftiorr,- 
as  will  make  the  other  vlronders  I  fpake  of,  the 
iefs  incredible;  for,  you  may  note^  that  the 
Waters  are  nature's  ftore-houfe,  in  which  (he 
locks  up  her  wonders. 

But,  Sir,  left  this  difcourte  m^y  feerri  tddious,' 
I  (hall  give  it  a  fweet  conclufion  out  of  that  holy 
poet  Mr.  George.  Herbert  *,  his  divme  concemr- 
■plation  on  "God's  providence. 

Lprdi  who  hatbpraife  ilnougb^  my'y  ii)b9  hath  ah^  ? 
i^one  can  exprefs  thy  idorks\  hiit  he  thai  knozvs  ibcm  y 
Ani  none  can  know  thy  tvorksy  they\  cite  fo  many^ 
And  fo  complfati  but  only  he  that  owes  them. 

Wi  (At  acknowledge  both  thy  power  and  love 
To  be  exaSiy  tranfcendent  and  divine  5 

rendered  fomcwTiat  que^ionable  by  the  following  paffage  in 
his  diary*  publiQted  hy  Cha*  Buirmdn^  Efq;  in  \im9.   1^717. 

<<  I  i|h  Aprit^  1681 , 1  took,  early  in  the  morning,  a  good 
*<  dofe  of  eltxir,  and  hung  thru  Jfiderx  about  my  neck  ;  and 
«*  they  drov^  n)y  agne  away.     Uito  gratias*^ 

*  See  an  account  of  this  peribn  ifi  WaltQrf%  life. 


ffl?o  dojl  fo  firangely  anifofwatlf  move^ 

Wbilfi  all  things  bow  ibfir  tndf  ye$  imjU  M  itiMii 

tinker efare^  moji  f acred  Spirit^  IbereprefeiU 
For  me^  and  all  myfeHaws^  praife  to'tbee^ 
Andji^  it  is  thai  IjhouldpcPf  ^e  rtnii 
Becaufc  the  btnefit  accruis  to  mi. 

And  as  cdncefning  (ifh  in  that  pfiiloA^  PfaU 
ctv«  wherein  for  height  of  poetry  and  wonders^ 
the  prophet  David  feems  even  xp  exceed  himfelf^ 
how  dofh  he  there  exprefs  himfelf  in  choice 
metaphors,  even  to  the  atiiazement  of  a  con- 
templative reader,  concerning  the  fea,  the  rivers^ 
and  the  fifli  therein  contained  ?  And  the  great 
naturalift  PUtrf  fays,  ^^  That  naiture^s  great  and 
**  wonderful  power  is  more  demohftraced  in  the 
**  iea  than  on  the  land/'  And  this  may  appear^ 
by  the  numerous  and  various  creatUtes  inhabiting 
both  in  and  about  that  element,  as  to  the  readers 
of  Gefner  *,  Rondiletius  -f-,  P//»y,  Aufonius  4l» 
Ariftotle^  and  others,  may  be  dcmonftrated.    But 

« 

*  Conrade  Gtfmr^  of  Zurich  la  SwitKirhnJ,  an  emineol 
phyfician  and  natoralift,  wrote  Hiftwia  Jnimalium^  Di 
SifpeKtum  Nafuf-a,  and  many  other  works.  He  died  1565, 
aged  49. 

t  GuiUaumi  Roa^elegf  an  eminent   phyiician,    born  at' 
Montpeiier  in  Langutdcc^  i  C07 ;  he  wrote  (ereral  books* 
and  a  treatife  Z)/  Pi/dhus  Marinis ;  where  all  that  WtJtou 
has  taken  from  him  it  to  be  found.    He  died  very  poor  of 
a  farfett,  occafioned  by  exceffive  eatinf  of  figs,  in  1566. 

t  Dedus  Aufamus^  a  native  of  Bourdeaux^  was  a  Latin 
poety  conAil  of  Rvmiy  and  preceptor  to  the  emperor  QrB^ 
timttt    He  died  about  390. 

I  Win 


•^a         9*^6^  CoMPLnrt  Angler*     Pmh 

I  will  fweeten  this  difcourfe  al(b 

ih^Tb^da**   ^^'^^^  *  contemplation  in  divine 
*^'    ^»  £tfr/^  *5  who  fays, 

G^i  quickened  in  tbefea  and' in  the  fiverff 
So  numyfjfyes  of  fo  many  features^  ' 
That  in  the  waters  ive  may  fee  aU  creatures^ 
Even  all  that  on  the  earth  are  to  be  founds 
As  if  the  world  were  in  deep  waters  drowned. 
JForfeas  as  well  as  fides  bofoe  Sun^  JMboie^  Stars  %  > 
Jls  well  as  ear  SwaHowSj  Reoks^  and  States  -f  % 
As  well  as  earth  Vines ^  Rofes^  Nettles^  Melons^ 
,  Mufinrooms^  Pinksy  Gilbftowers^  and  many  mUHonf^r 
Of  other  plants y  more  r or e^  mare  fir ange  than  thefe^ 
As  veryfi/bes  living  in  the  feas : 
As  alfo  Ramsy  Ci^esj  Horfes^  Hares  and  HogSf 
fVolveSy  Urchins^  Lions^  Elephant s^  and  Dogs  \ 
Tea  men  and  maidsj  and  which  I  mofi  admire^ 
The  mitred  Bifhop^  and  the  cowled  Frier  J- 

Of 

*  GuilloMmsde  Salufte  Sieur  iu  Bartas^  was  a  poet  of*grear 
rcpotation  in  H^alton^^  time.  He  wrote,  in  Frinch^  a  poeni 
called  Di^ittt  Weeks  and  Works  \  from  whence  thepaiTage  in 
the  text,  and' many  others  cited  in  this  work,  .are  extrafted. 
This,  wi&  his. other  deUgbtful  works,  was  tsrannated  inter 
Englijb  by  Jeflmei  8ylwfier»  It  it  bard  to  fay  which  is  woril^ 
the  poem  or  the  tranilation ;  for  they  are  both  ejcecrabis 
bom  baft. 

t  Or  StarUngs,  M\T\{i^. 

X  This  ftory  of  theBifiiop-fiibis  told  by  HondekihtSt  ZtA 
yoQched  by  Beilcmut;  without  taking  mueh  painrin  the 
tranflation,  it  is  as  follows:  '*  In  the  year  i$3i»  a  ffli  waa 
^'  taken  in  Ptdonia^  that  refifefented  a  bifhop^  he  ^as 

brought  to  the  king ;  but  feeming  to  defire  to  return  to 

his  own  element*  the  king  commanded  hiqi  to  be'car.ried 
**  back  to  the  fea,  into  which  he  immediately  threw  him* 
V  ielf."  JRWifi^/ii^hadbeforerelatedaftoryofaMonk-fi(h, 

which 


«< 


<< 


Chaprl    Tie  Complete  Angleu:         ^i 

Qfwbicbi  exampUs  but  a  few  years  faue^ 
fVereJbewn  the  Norway  and  Poloniao  prince. 

.  •  • 

Thefe  feem  to  be  wonders*  but  have  had  (^ 
many  confirmations  from  men  of  learning  and 
credit)  that  you  need  not  doubt  them ;  nor  are 
the  number,  nor  the  various  (hapes  of  fifhesi^ 
more  ftrange  or  more  fit  for  contemplation,  than 
their  diflferent  natures,  inclinations  and  adions  i 
concerning  which  I  (hall  beg  your  patient  ear  a 
little  lonsen 

The  Guttle-filh  will  caft  a  long  gut  out  of  het 
throat,  which,  like  as  an  Angler  doth  his  line^ 
file  fendeth  forth  and  puUeth  in  again  at  her 
pleafure,  according  as  (he  fees  fome  little  fifli 
€ome  near  to  her  \  and  the  Cut-  .  . . 
tic-fifti  ♦,  being  then  hid  in  the  ^J^'^^i^^^^^(\ 
gravel,  lets  the  fmaller  filh  nibble  ^^^  jhis,  *'  *  " 
and  bite  the  end  of  it,  at  which 
titlie  &e  ^y  little  and  little  draws  the  fmaller  fifll 
fo  near  to  her,  that  (he  may  leap  upon  her,  and 
then  catches  and  devours  her :  and  for  this  reafon^ 
fome  have  called  th js  fi(h  the  Sea-angler.  * 

And  there  is  a  fi(h  called  a  Hermit,  that  at  si. 
certain  age  gets  into  a  dead  fi(h's  (hell,  and  like 
a  hermit  dwells  there  alone,  ftudying  the  wind 
and  weather,  skid  fo  turns  her  fliell,  that  (he 
makes  it  defend  her  from  the  injuries  that  they 
would  bring  upon  her. 

^\AA  !s  wBat  du  Bands  means  by  the  **  cowled  Frier.'' 
The  reader  miy  fee' the  portraits  of  the(e  wonderful  per- 
fonages  in  Rondeietius^  or  in'  the  pofthumoas  works  of  the 
reverend  and  learned  Mr.  J9bn  Gregory^  in  4to.  Lond.  16S3; 
pag.  tzi,  fai. 

D  ^  there 


34  ^^  Complete  An<5Ler.      Part  I. 

There  is  alfo  a  fiih,  called  by  jEHan  *  in  his 
9th  book  of  Irving  creatures,  cb.  16.  xhtAiGntSj 
or  Darling  of  the  Sea^  fo  called,  becaufe  it  is  a 
loving  and  innocent  fiu),  afifh  that  hurts  nothing 
that  hath  life,  and  is  at  peace  with  all  the  nume* 
rous  inhabitants  of  that»vaft  watery  clement  j 
and  truly  I  think  moft  Anglers  are  fo  difpofcd 
to  moft  of  mankind. 

And  there  are  alfo  luftful  and  chafte  fiflies^  pf 
whkh  1  (ball  give  you  examples. 

And  firft,  what  du  Bartas  fays  of  *a  fifh  called 
the  Safgus :  which  becaufe  none  can  exprefs  it  bet- 
ter than  he  docs,  I  Ihall  give  you  in  his  6wn  words, 
fuppofir^  it  Ihall  not  have  the  lefe  credit  for  being 
verfe,  for  h\r  hath  gathered  this,  and  other  oWcr- 
vations  out  of  authors  that  h^ve  been  great  and 
induftrious  fearchcrs  into  the  fccrets  of  naturc% 

^be  aiuUrous  Sargus  doth  not  only  cbcmge 
Wives  every  day  in  the  deep- fir eamUy  hut  fir M^! 
As  if  the  honey  offea-iove  delight 
Could  not  fi/^ce  his  ranging  appetite^ 
Goes  courting  ft>t'goats  on  the  grajj^  jhore^ 
Homing  their  hujhands  that  had  horns  before. 

And  the  lame  author  writes  concerning  the 
Cantharus^  that  which  you  (hall  alfo  bear  in  bis 
own  words. 

But  contrary^  the  conftant  Gantharus 
Is  ever  conftant  to  his  faithful  fpoufe^ 
In  nuptial  duties  fpending  his  chafte  lifCj 
Never  loves  any  out  his  own  dear  wife* 

•  Claudius  JElianus^  was  born  at  Franefte  in  Italy^  m 
the  reign  of  the  Emperor  Adrian*  He  wrote  «fc  4nmaHm  5 
and  on  martial  difcipline. 

Sir, 


Chap.  I.    ^be  Complete  Akgler.         3^ 

Sir,  but  a  little  longer,  and  I  have  done. 

Fen.  Sir,  take  what  liberty  yoa  think  fit,  for 
your  difcourfe  feems  to  be  tnufick,  and  charms 
me  to  an  attention. 

Pifc.  Why  then  Sir,  I  will  take  a  little  liberty 
to  tcl)^  or  rather  to  remember  you  what  is  faid 
of  Turtle  doves;  firft,  that  they  filently  plighc 
their  troth  and  marry ;  and  that  then,  the  fur- 
vivor  fcorns,  as  the  Tbracian  women  are  faid  tot 
do,  to  out-live  his  or  her  mate,  and  this  is 
taken  for  a  truth ;  and  if  the  furvivor  (hall  ever 
couple  with  another,  then  not  only  the  living 
but  the  dead,  be  it  either  the  he  or  the  (he,  is 
denied  the  name  and  honour  of  a  true  Turtle- 
dove. 

And  to  parallel  this  land-rarity,  and  teach 
malikind  moral  faithfulnefs,  and  to  condemn 
thole  that  talk  of  religion,  and  yet  come  fhort 
of  the  moral  faith  of  (i(h  and  fowl ;  men  that 
violate  the  law  affim^ed  by  St.  Paul,  Rom.  ii. 
14,  15.  to  be  writ  in  their  hearts,  and  which  be 
fays,  ihall  at  the  laft  day  condemn  and  leave 
them  without  excufe.  I  pray  hearken  to  what 
du  Bartas  fings,  for  the  hearing  of  .  „ 
fuch  conjugal  faithfulnefs,  will  be  mu  -  fi^^  day. ' 
lick  to  all  chafte  ears,  and  therefore 
I  pray  hearken  to  what  du  Barf  as  fings  of  the 
Mullet. 

But  far  chdfte  love  the  Mullet  bath  no  feer ; 
For^  ifthej^herbatbfurpriz^dherpbeer*^ 
As  mad  with  xooe,  to  Jhore  Jhe  followethy 
Preft  to  confort  him  both  in  life  and  death. 

•  Or  Fellow.     So  Bcd-pheer,  -Bcd-fcUow. 

Da  %i 


3^        '37^  Complete  Anglei^.      Parti. 

On  the  contrary,'  what  fliall  I  fay  of   the 

Houfe-coek,  which  treads  any  Hen,  and  then, 

,  contrary  to  the  Swan^  the  Partridge  and  Pigeon^ 

takes  no  care  to  hatch,  to  feed  or  to  cherift:  his 

own  brood,  but  is  fenfelefs,  though  they  perilh. 

And  it  is  €oi>fiderable,  that  the  Hen,  which- 
becaufc  (he  alfo  takes  any  Cock,  expefts  it  not» 
who  is  fupc  the  chickens  be  her  own,  hath  by  a 
moral  impreffion  her  care  and  affedion  to  her 
own  brood  more  liban'  doubled,  even*  to  fuch  a- 
height,'  that  our  Saviour,  in  expreffing  his  love 
to  Jerufalem^  MdtL  xxiii.  37.  quotes  her  for  aiv 
example  of  tender  affcSion  5  as  his  Father  had- 
done  Job  for  a  pattern  of  patience. 

And  to  parallel  this  Cock,  there  be  divers^ 
fifhes  that  caft  their  fpawn  on  flags  or  flones,  and 
then  lea^e  it  uncovered,  and  expofed  to  becomcai^ 
a  prey,  and  be  devoured  by  vermin,  or  other 
fifties;  but  other  fifties,  as  nanaely  the  Barbel^- 
take  fuch  care  for  the  prefervation  of  their  fced^ 
that,  unlike  to  the  Cock  or  the  Cuckoe,^^  they  mu- 
tually labour,  both  the  fpawner  and  the  melter^ 
ti>  eov^  their  fpawn  with  fand,  or  watch  it» 
or  hide  it  in  fornc  fecrct  placey  unfrequented  by 
vermih,.  or  by  any  fifli  but  themfelves. 

Sir,  thcfc  examples  may,  to  you  and  others,, 
frem  ftpange  v  but  they  arc  tcftified  fome  by 
Arijlotk^  fome  by  Pliny ^  fome  by  Gefner^  and;, 
by  marry  others  of  credit,  and  are  believed  and 
known  by'  divers,  both  of  wifdom-  and  ei^cri^ 
ence,  to  be  a  truth-,'  and  indeed  are,  as  I-  faid 
at  the  beginning,  fit  for  the  contemplation  of  a 
mod  ferious  and  a  moft  pious.man.  And  doubt - 
lefs  this  made  the  prophet  David  fay,  '♦  They? 
•*  ihat  occupy  thedifeivcsi  in  deep  waders,  fee  the' 

"  won- 


.^  \ 


Cl^ap- 1*    Ti^  CoMPtET^  Angler;         37 

"  wonderful  works  of  God :"  indeed  fuch  won- 
ders and  pleafures  too,  as  the4and  affords  not. 

And  that  tbey  be  fit  for  the  contemplation  of 
the  moft  prudent,  and  pious,  ^and  peaceable  men, 
fcems  jx>  be  .tcAlfied  by  the  pra/^ice  of  fo  many 
devout  and  contemplative  men«  as  the  Patri- 
archs and  Prophets  of  old,  and  of  the  Apoftles 
of  our  Saviour  in  our  latter  times ;  of  which 
twelve,  we  are  fure  he  chofe  four  that  were  fim- 
ple  fifhermen,  whom  he  infpired  and  fent  to 
publifb  his  bleflcd  will  to  the  Gtntiles^  and  in- 
fpired them  alfo  with  a  power  to  fpeak  all  lan- 
guages, and  by  their  powerfol  eloquence  to  beget 
faith  in  the  unbeliieviDg  Jews:  and  themfelves  to 
fuffer  for  that  Saviour,  whom  their  fore- fathers 
and  they  had  crucified ;  and,  in  their  fufiTcrings^ 
CO  preach  freedom  frpm  the  incumbrances  of  the 
law,  and  a  new  way  to  everlafting  life*  This 
was  the  employment  of  thefe  happy  fiflicrmen, 
coivpef ning  which  choice,  fon^e  have  made  thefe 
obfervatioQs. 

Firft,  That  he  never  reproved  thefe  for  their 
employment  or  <:alling,  as  he  did  Scribes  and 
the  Money-changers.  And  fecondly.  He  found 
that  the  hearts  of  fuch  men  by  nature  were  fitted 
for  contemplation  and  quietnefs  ;  men  of  mild, 
and  fweet,  and  peaceable  fpirits,  as  indoed  mo(t 
Anglers  are :  thefe  men  our  blcfled  Saviour^ 
who  is  obferved  to  love  to  plant  grace  in  good 
Datures,  though  indeed  nothing  be  too  hard  for 
him,  yet  thefe  men  he  chofe  to  call  from  their 
irreprovable  employment  of  fiftiing,  and  gave 
them  grace  to  be  his  difciples,  and  to  follow  hiff^ 
^d  do  wonders  %  1  fay  four  pf  j^welvf. 

D  3  ^nd 


3fS  The  Complete  Angler.      Parti. 

And  it  is  obfervable,  that  it  was  out*  Saviour's 
will,  that  thefe  our  four  fiftiermcn  fhould  have 
a  priority  or  nomination  in  the  catalogue  of-  his 
twelve  Apoftles,  Man.  x.  as  namely,  firft  St. 
Peter  J  St.  Andrew  ^^  St.  James^  and  St.  JohUy  and 
then  the  reft  in  their  order. 

And  it  is  yet  more  obfervable,  that  when  our 
blefled  Saviour  went  up  into  the  mount,  when 
he  left  the  reft  of  his  difciples,,  and  chofe  only- 
three  to  bear  him  company  at  his  Transfigura- 
Yion,  that  thofe  three  were  all  fifhermen.  And 
il  is  to  be  believed,  that  alt  the  other  Apoftles, 
after  they  betook  themfelves  to  follow  Cbrijty 
betook  themfelves  to  be  fiihermen  too ;  for  it  is 
certain,  that  the  greater  number  of  them  were 
found  tpgether^  fiftiing  by  Jefus  after  his  refur- 
reftion,  as  it  is  recorded  in  the  aift  chapter  of 
St.  Johff%  gofpeL 

And  fince  I  have  your  promife  to  hear  me  with 
patience,  I  will  take  a  liberty  to  look  back  upon 
an  obfervation  that  hath  been  made  by  an  inge^ 
nious  and  learned  man,  who  obferves,  that  God 
hath  been  pleafed  to  allow  thofe,  whom  he  him- 
felf  hath  appointed  to  write  his  holy  will  in  holy- 
writ,  yet,  CO  exprefs  his  will  in  fuch  metaphors 
as  their  former  affeftions  or  pra<9:ice  had  inclined 
them  to  ;  and  be  brings  Solomon  for  an  example,, 
who  before  his  converfion  was  remarkably  car- 
nally amorous  ;  and  after  by  God's  appointnient, 
wrote  that  fpiritual  dialogue  or  holy  amorous 
Ibve-fong  the  Canticles^  betwixt  God  and  his 
church  ;  in  which  he  fays,  his  belovec}  had  eyes 
like  the  filh-pools  of  Hejhbon. 

And  if  this  hold  in  rcafon,  as  I  fee  none  to 
the  contrary,  then  it  may  be  probably  concluded, 

'  ^         '  that 


Chap.  I.    Tie  Complete  Angler.         39 

that  Mojes^  who,  I  toid  you  before,  writ  the 
book  of  Joby  and  the  prophet  Amos^  who  was  z 
(hepherd,  were  botH  Anglers ;  for  you  (hall 
in  all  the  Old  Teftamenc  find  filh  hooks,  I  think 
but  twict  mentioned,  namely,  by  meek  Alofes 
the  friend  of  God,  and  by  the  humble  prophet 

Concerning  which  lad,  namely,  the  prophet 
Amos^  1  fliall  make  but  this  obfervacion,  that  he 
that  (hall  read  the  humble,  lowly,  plain  (lile  of 
that  prophet,  and  compare  it  with  the  high, 
gk)rious,  eloquent  ftile  of  the  prophet  Ifaiabj 
though  they  be  both  equally  true,  may  eafily 
believe  Amos  to  be,  not  only  a  (hepherd,  but  ;i 
good-natured  plain-fiiherman. 

Which  I  dovthe  rather  believe,  by  comparing 
the  aflfe&ionate,  loving,  lowly,  humble  epiftles 
of  St,  Peter^  St.  James^  and  St.  Jobn^  whom 
we  know  were  all  fifliers,  with  the  glorious 
language  and  high  metaphors  of  St.  Paul^  who 
we  may  believe  was  not. 

And  for  the  lawfulnefs  of  (i(hing,  it  may  very 
well  be  maintained  by  our  Saviour's  bidding  St. 
Piter  caft  his  hook  into  the  water  and  catch  a 
fifl),  for  money  to  pay  tribute  to  Cafar.  And 
let  me  tell  you,  -that  Angling  is  of  high  efteem, 
and  of  much  ufe  in  other  nations.  He  that 
reads  the  voyages  of  Ferdinand  Mendez  Pinto  *, 
fhall  find,  that  there  he  declares  to  have  found 
a  king  and  feveral  priefts  a  Hfhing. 

And  he  that  reads  Plutarch.  Hiall  find  that 
Angling  was  not  contemptible  in  the  days  of 
Mirk  AntofPf  and  Cleopatra,  and  that  they  in  the 

•  A  traveller,  wbofe  veracity  is  much  queftioned. 

•     D  4  midfl: 


fnidd  of  their  wonderful  glory  ufed  Angling  as  a 
principal  recreation.  And  let  me  tell  you,  that 
In  the  Scripture,  Angling  is  always  taken  in  the 
beft  fenfe;  and  that  though  hunting  may  be  fome- 
times  fo  taken,  ypt  it  is  but  feldom  to  be  fo 
tinderftpod.  And  let  me  add  this  more,  he  that 
views  the  ancient  ecclefiaftical  canons,  (hall  find 
]iiunting  to  be  forbidden  to  church-men,  as  being 
a  turbulent,  toilfome,  perplexing  recreation; 
and  (hall  find  Angling  allowed  to  clergymen; 
us  being  a  harmlefs  recreation,  a  recreation  that 
invites  them  to  contemplation  and  quietnefs. 

I  might  hpre  enlarge  myfelf  by  telling  you, 
what  cpmmendations  our  learned  Perkins  be- 
ftows  on  Angling ;  and  how  dear  a  lover,  an4 
great  a  pradtifer  of  it  our  learnpd  Dr.  Wbitaker  * 
was,  as  indeed  m^iny  others  of  great  learning 
have  been.  But  I  will  pontent  myfelf  with  two 
memorable  men,  that  lived  near  to  our  own. 
time,  whom  I  alfo  take  (p  haye  been  ornament^ 
%o  the  art  of  Angling. 

The  flrft  \%iyt.Nowel,  fomctimes  dean 

^^^°*      of  the  cathedral  church  of  St.  Paul's  in 

London^  where  his  monument  ftands  yet  unde* 

faced  f ;  a  man  that  in  the  reformation  of  Queen 

'  •  ^Uzabetb:^ 

*  Perkins  and  Wbitaker  were  two  eminent  diviaes  of  th<$ 
beginning  of  the  laft  centary ;  the  latter  was  a  very  learne^ 
man.     See  his  life  in  Fuller*s  Holy  State, 

t  l^r.Jlexaniier  Newel*  a  learned  divine  and  a  famous 
preacher  in  the  reign  of  King  Edw.  VI.  upon  whofe  death 
he,  with  many  other  Protefiants,  fled  to  Germany  *  where  he 
li^ed  many  years.  In  1561  he  was  made  dean  of  St.  PWs: 
and  in  1601  died.  The  monument  mentioned  in  the  text ' 
was  undoubtedly  con  fumed  with  the  church  in  the  fire  of 
f^onden;  but  the  infcription  thereon  is  preferved  in  Stowe*s 
^  f/ .      .  '  •  Syrvey^ 


Chap.  I.    ^Ti^^  CoMPLETB  AhglerT        44 

Elizabeth^  not  that  of  Henry  VIII.  was  fo  noted 
for  his  meek  fpiric,  deep  learning,  prudence  and 
piety,  that  the  then  parliament  and  convocation 
both,  chofe,  enjoined,  and  trufted  him  to  be  the 
man  to  make  a  catechifm  for  publick  ufe,  fuch 
a  one  as  (bould  ftand  as  a  rule  for  faith  and 
manners  to  their  pofterity.  And  the  good  old 
jnan,  though  he  was  very  learned,  yet  knowing 
that  God  leads  us  not  to  heaven  by  many  nor 
by  hard  queftions,  like  an  honeft  Angler,  made 
that  good,  plain,  unperplexed  catechifm  which 
is  printed  with  our  good  old  Service-book.  I 
fay,  this  good  man  was  a  dear  lover,  and  con- 
stant pra£tifer  of  Angling,  as  any  age  can  pro* 
duce ;  and  his  cuilom  was  to  ^nd  befides  his 
fixed  hours  of  prayer,  thofe  hours  which  by 
command  of  the  church  were  enjoined  the  clergy, 
and  voluntarily  dedicated  to  devotion  by  many 
primitive  Chriftians :  1  fay,  befides  thofe  hours, 
this  good  man  was  obferved  to  fpend  a  tenth 
part  of  his  time  in  Angling;  and  alfo,  for  I 
j^ave  converfed  with  thofe  which  have  converfed 
with  him,  to  beftow  a  tenth  part  of  his  revenue, 
and  ufually  all  his  fifh,  amongft  the  poor  that 
inhabited  near  to  thofe  rivers  in  which  it  was 
<;aught :  faying  often,  "  That  charity  gave  life 
V  to  religion :"  and  at  his  return  to  his  houfc, 
would  praife  God  he  had  fpent  that  day  free 
ffom  worldly  t)roub]e  \  both  harnilefsly,  and  in 

Sprvey,  edit.  1655^  pag,  362.  See  ^ibm.  Oxon,  3 13* 
Tbe  reader  will  obferve,  that  it  is  the  author,  and  not 
the  editor  who  is  fpeaking ;  and  that  the  adverb  yet  refers 
a  the  time  when  this  pafTage  was  firft  written,  vix.  about 
1653  ;  for  in  that  vear  the  firft  edition  of. this  book  was 
publifl^d. 

a 


^f  W^  Complete  ANCLift.     Parti; 

a  recreation  thac^  became  a  churcJiitiah.  And 
ihis  good  man  w^  well  content^  if  not  defiroas^ 
that  pofterity  (hould  know  he  was  an  Angler,  as 
'  may  appear  by  his  pidtire,  now  to  be  feen^  and 
carefully  kept  in  Brazen-mfe  College^  to  which  he 
waa  a  liberal  benefador ;  in  which  picture  be  is 
drawn  leaning  on  a  deik  with  his  Bible  before 
him,  and  on  one  hand  oi  him  his  lines,  hooks, 
and  other  tackling  lying  in  a  round ;  and  on  bift 
other  hand  are  his  Angle-rods  of  feveral  forts : 
and  by  them  this  is  written,  "  That  he  died  Fek. 
**  13,  1601,  being  aged  95  years,  44  of  which 
**  he  had  been  dean  of  St.  P^^/'s-church  ;  and 
^  that  his  age  had  neither  impaired  his  hearing, 
♦*  nor  dimmed  his  eyes,  nor  weakened  his  mc-» 
*•  mory,  nor  made  any  of  the  faculties  of  his 
^  mind  weak  or  ufclefs."  It  is  faid  that  Angling 
and  temperance  were  great  caufes  of  thefe  blef- 
'fings,  and  I  wiih  the  like  to  all  that  imitate  him, 
and  love  the  memory  of  fo  good  a  man. 

My  next  and  laft  example  ihall  be  that  under* 
valuer  of  money,  the  late  provoft  oiEton  Colkgty 
Sir  Henry  Wotton  *,  a  man  with  whom  I  have 
often  filhed  and  converfed ;  a  man  whofe  foreign 
employments  in  the  fervice  of  this  nation,  and 
whofe  experience,  learning,  wit  and  chearfulnefs, 
made  his  company  to  be  eftcemed  one  of  the 
delights  of  mankind ;  this  man,  whofe  very  ap- 
probation of  Angling  were  fufficient  to  convince 
any  modeft  ccnfurer  of  it,  this  man  was  alfo  a 
moft  dear  lover,  and  a  frequent  pradifer  of  the  art 
of  Angling  -,  of  which  be  would  fay,  **  It  was 
*'  an  employment  for  his  idle  time,  which  was 

*  Of  whom  fee  an  account  in  the  life  of  Waltxtn, 

"  then 


cc 

iC 


Ch«p.  I.    91&^  Complete  Akoler.         ^,^ 

"  then  not  idly  fpent :"  for  Angling  was,  after 
tedious  ftudy,  *'  a  reft  to  his  mind,  a  chcarerof 
*'  his  fpirits,  a  divcrter  of  fadncfs,  a  calmer  of 
«*  unquiet  thoughts,  a  moderator  of  paflions,  a 
"  procurer  of  ^ontcntcdncfs :"  and  *«  that  ic 
begat  habits  of  peace  and  patience  in  thofc 
that  profeffcd  and  praftifed  it."  Indeed,  my 
friend,  you  will  find  Angling  to  be  like  the  virtue 
of  humility,  which  has  a  calmnefs  of  jpirit,  and 
a  world  of  other  bleffings  attending  upon  it. 

Sir,  this  was  the  faying  of  that  learned  man  % 
and  I  do  cafily  believe  that  peace,  and  patience, 
and  a  calm  content,  did  cohabit  in  the  chearfol 
heart  of  Sir  Henry  fVotton ;  becaufe  I  know  that 
when  he  was  beyond  feveiity  years  of  age,  he 
made  this  defcription  of  a  part  of  the  prefent 
pleafure  that  poflefled  him,  as  he  fat  quietly  in 
a  fummer's  evening  on  a  bank  a  fiflbing ;  it  is 
a  defcription  of  the  fpring,  which,  becaufe  it 
glided  as  foft  and  fweetly  from  his  pen,  as  that 
river  does  at  this  time,  by  which  it  was  theft 
made,  I  (hall  repeat  it  unto  you. 

This  day  dame  Nature  feenfd  in  love  : 

The  lufty  fap  began  to  move  ; 

Ft  eft)  juice  didftir  tV  embracing  Vines^ 

And  birds  bad  drawn  their  Valentines* 

^he  jealous  Trout,  thai  low  did  lie^ 

'Rofe  at  a  well-dijembled  fie ; 

There  Jlood  my  friendj  with  patient  Jkill^ 

Attending  of  his  trembling  auilh 

Already  were  the  eaves  poj/eft 

With  the  fwift  Pilgrim's  *  daubed  neft  : 


The  Swallow. 


the 


;44         ^i^  Complete  Angler,    F^C  I* 

^he  groves  already  did  rejoice^ 
Jn  PhilomelV  triumphing  voice : 
Tbejhowers  werejhort^  the  weather  mild^ 
^be  morning  frejh^  the  evening  fmiPd. 

Joan  takes  her  neat-rubFd  pail^  and  no%9 
She  trips  to  milk  the  fand-red  Cow ; 
Where ^  for  fome  fturdy  foot-ball  fwain^ 
Joan  flrokes  a  fyllabub  or  twain. 
The  fields  and  gardens  were  befet 
With  "Tulips^  Crocus^  Violet ; 

And  now,  though  late,  the  modefl  Rofe^ 

Did  more  than  half  a  hlufh  difclofe. 

^hus  all  looks  gay,  and  full  of  chear^ 

To  welcome  the  new-liverfdyear. 

Thefe  were  the  thoughts  tfiat  then  pofleft  th^ 
undifturbed  mind  of  Sir  Henry  JVotton.  Will 
you  hear  the  wifli  of  another  Angler,  and  th^ 
commendation  of  his  happy  life  which  he  alfg 
iings  in  verfc  ?  viz.  Jof  Davors,  Efq; 

Let  me  live  harmlefsly,  and  near  the  brink 
O/*  Trent  or  Avon  have  a  dwelling-place  %       .     •  _ 
Where  I  may  fee  my  quill  or  cork  down  fink 
With  eager  bite  of  Perch,  or  Bleak,  or  Dace^ 
And  on  the  world  and  my  Creator  think  •, 
Whilft  fome  men  firive  ill-gotten  goods  f  embrace 
And  others  fpend  their  time  in  bafe  excefs 
Of  wine,  or  worfe,  in  war  and  wantonnefs. 

Let  them  that  lijl,  thefe  paflimes  flill  purfue^ 
And  on  fuch  pleafmg  fancies  feed  their  fill, 
Sol  the  Fields  and  Meadows  green  may  view^ 
And  daily  by  frefh  Rivers  walk  at  will. 
Among  the  Daifie$  and  the  Violets  blue. 
Red  Hyacinth,  and  yellow  Daffodil, 

Purple 


Purptt  Narcijfus  like  the  morning  rays 
Pale  Gander  grafs J  and  azure  Cuher-keyes. 

I  count  it  higher  pleafure  to  behold 
The  flat efy  compafs  of  the  toftyjky^ 
And  in  the  midji  thereof^  tike  burMng  gold^ 
The  flaming  cbatiot  of  the  world's  great  eye^ 
The  watry  clouds^  that  in  the  air  up  rolNj 
tVithfundry  kinds  of  painted  colours  fly  \ 

And  fair  Aurora  lifting  up  her  head^  . 

Still  ilif/hihg^  rife  from  old  Tichonus  ied. 

The  hills  and  mountains  taifedfrom  the  plains ^ 
The  plains  extended  level  with  the  ground^ 
The  grounds  divided  into  fundry  veins^ 
The  veins  inclosed  with  rivers  running  round  \ 
Tbefe  riiiers  making  way  through  nature^ s  chains 
With  headlong  courfe  into  the  fea  profound  \ 
The  raging  fea^  beneath' the  vallies  loWy 
Where  lakes  and  rills ^  and  rivulets  dofloiv. 

The  lofty  woods  ^  the  for  efts  wide  and  longj 
Adorned  with  leaves  and  branches  frefb  and  greeff^ 
In  whofe  cool  bowers  the  birds  with  many  a  fong^ 
Do  welcome  with  their  quire  the  fummer's  ^een  9 
The  meadows  fair  where  FloraV  gifts  among 
Are  intermixt^  with  verdant  grafs  between. 
The  filver  fcaled  fifh  that  foftly  fwim 
Within  the  fweet  brook" s  cryftal^  watry  ftreaffr. 

All  thefcy  and  many  more  of  his  creation , 

That  made  tbi  heavens.^  tl^e  Angler  oft  doth  fee  \ 

Taking  therein  no  little  delegations 

To  think  how  ftrdnge,  how  ^wonderful  they  be ; 

Framing  thereof  an  inward  contemplationy 

To  fet  bisjbeart  from  other  fancies  free  \ 

And 


4^  Tbe  Coup tnru  At^cLtm.       Parti. 

^nd  whilft  he  looks  en  tbefe  withjc^ful  eye^ 
His  mind  is  wrapt  ab(foe  thejiarryjky. 

Sir,  I  am  glad  my  memory  has  not  loft  thefc 
laft  vcries^  becaufe  they  are  fomewhat  more 
pleafant  and  more  fuitablc  to  May-day^  than  my 
harlh  difcourfe ;  and  I  am  glad  your  patience 
hath  held  out  fo  long,  as  to  hear  them  and  me ; 
for  both  together,  have  brought  us  within  the , 
fight  of  the  Thatch^d-houfe :  and  I  muft  be  your 
debtor,  if  you  think  it  worth  your  atten- 
tion, for  the  reft  of  my  promifed  drfcourfe,  till 
fome  other  opportunity,  ar\d  a  liLle  time  of  lei- 
fure. 

Fen.  Sir,  you  have  Angled  me  on  with  much 
f\t2Sutc  to  tht  ThaUh^d'boufe  i  and  now  I  find 
your  words  true,  **  That  good  company  makes 
*«  the  way  feem  fliort ;"  for  truft  me.  Sir,  I 
thought  we  had  wanted  three  miles  of  this  houfe 
till  you  (hewed  it  to  me  :  but  now  we  are  at  it, 
we*ll  turn  into  it,  and  refrcfh  ourfelves  with 
a  cup  of  drink  and  a  little  reft. 

Pifc.  Moft  gladly.  Sir,  and  we'll  drink  a 
civil  cup  to  all  the  Otter-hunters  that  arc  to 
meiJt  you  to-morrow. 

Fen.  That  we  will,  Sir,  and  to  all  the  lovers 
of  Angling  too,  of  which  number  I  am  now 
willing  to  be  one  myfelf ;  for  by  the  help  of 
your  good  difcourfe  and  company,  I  have  put  on 
new  thoughts  both  of  the  art  of  Angling,  and 
of  all  that  profefs  it :  and  if  you  vr'41  but  meet 
me  to-morrow  at  the  time  and  plac?  appointed, 
and  beftow  one  day  with  me  and  my  friends  in 
hunting  the  Otter,  I  will  dedicate  the  nexMwo 
days  to  wait  upon  you,  and  we  two  will  for  that 

ti'me 


f 


Chap.  L    ^h  Complete  Angler;        "if 

time  do  nothing  but  Angk,  and  talk  of  fifli  and 
fifliing. 

Pifc.  It  is  a  match.  Sir,  I  will  not  fail  you, 
God  willing,  to  be  at  Amwellbill  to-morrow 
morning  before  fun*rifing. 


CHAP.    II. 
i^bfervattMs  of  the  Ottek  and  Ch  tJ b. 

Venator. 

MY  friend  PifiatoTj  you  ha^  kept  time 
with  my  thoughts,  for  the  fun  is  juft 
rifing,  and  I  myfelf  juft  now  come  to 
this  place,  and  the  dogs  have  juft  now  put  down 
an  Otter.  Look  down  at  the  bottom  of  the  hill 
there  in  that  meadow,  chequered  with  Water- 
lillies  and  Lady-fmocks ;  there  you  may  fee  what 
work  diey  make :  look,  look,  you  may  fee  all 
bufy,  men  and  dogs,  dogs  and  men  all  bufy. 

Pifi.  Sir,  I  am  right  glad  to  meet  you,  and. 
ghd  00  have  fo  fair  an  entrance  into  this  day's 
iport,  and  glad  to  fee  fo  many  dogs,  and  more 
men  all  in  purfuit  of  the  Otter ;  let  us  compli- 
ment no  longer,  but  join  unto  them ;  come  ho- 
neft  Venaiar^  let  us  be  gone,  let  us  make  hafte  ; 
I  kng  to  be  doing :  no  reafonable  hedge  or  ditch 
fliall  hold  me. 

F£n.  Gendemen  Huntfmen,  where  found  you 

this  Otter  ? 

Hunt. 


'ff.i         ^ke  Complete  A^nttK:     PtLttf} 

Hunt.  Marry,  Sir,  we  found  her  a  mile  from 
this  place  a  fiihing :  (he  has  this  morning  eaten 
the  greateft  part  of  this  Trout  5  (he  has  only  left 
thus  much  of.it  as  you  fee,  and  was  fifhing  for 
more  j  when  we  came  we  found  her  juft  at  it : 
but  we  were  here  very  early,  we  were  here  an 
hour  before  fun-rife,  and  have  given  her  no  reft 
fince  we  came ;  fure  Ihe  will  hardly  cfcape  all 
thefe  dogs  and  men.  I  am  to  have  the  fkin  if 
we  kill  her. 

Fen.  Why,  Sir,  what  is  the  fkin  .worth? 

Hunf.  It  is  worth  ten  (hillings  to  make  gldVe^ 
the  gloves  of  ^an  Otter,  are  the  beft  fortification 
for  your  hands  that  can  be  thought  on  againft 
wet  weather. 

Pifc.  I  pray,  honeft  Huntfmah,  let  mi  a(k  yd(i 
a  pleafant  queftion,  Do  you  hunt  a  beaft  or  a 
fifli  ? 

Hunt.  Sir,  it  is  not  in  my  power  to  refolvfe 
you ;  I  leave  it  to  be  refolved  by  the  college  of 
Cartbufiansj  who  have  made  vows  never  to  eat 
fle(h.  But  I  have  heard,  the  queilion  hath  been 
debated  among  many  great  clerks,  and  they 
feem  to  differ  about  it ;  yet  moft  agree  that  her 
tail  is  fi(h :  and  if  her  body  be  fi(h  too,  then  I 
may  fay,  that  a  fi(h  will  walk  upon  land,  for  art 
Otter  does  fo  fometimes  five  or  fix,  or  ten  milea^ 
in  a  night  to  catch  for  her  young. ones,  or  to 
glut  herfelf  with  fi(h,  and  I  can  tell  you  that 
JPigeons  will  fiy  forty  miles  for  a  breakfai^ ;  but 
Sir,  I  am  fure  the  Otter  devours  much  fi(hj  and 
kills  and  fpoils  much  more  than  he  eats :  and  I 
cm  tell  you,  that  this  dog-fiflber,  for  fo  the  I.a- 
tins  cair  himi  can  fmell  a  fi(h  in  the  water  ads 

hundred 


Chip.  II.   The  CoMP^LETE  Angler.         49 

hundred  yards  from  him :  Gefner  fays  much  far- 
ther, and  that  his  (tones  are  good  againft  the  fall- 
ing-ficknefs :  and  that  there  is  an  herb  Bemone^ 
which  being  hung  in  a  linen  cloth  near  a  fi(h* 
pond,  ^  any  haunt  that  he  ufes,  makes  him  to 
avoid  the  place ;  which  proves  he  fmells  both  by 
water  and  land;  and  1  can  tell  you  there  is 
brave  hunting  this  water-dog  in  Cornwall^  where 
there  have  been  fo  many,  that  our  learned  Cam- 
den  fays,  there  is  a  river  called  Qtterfey^  which 
was  fo  named,  by  reafon  of  the  abundance  of 
Otters  that  bred  and  fed  in  it. 

And  thus  much  for  my  knowledge  of  the 
Otter,  which  you  may  now  fee  above  water  at 
vent,  and  the  dogs  clofe  with  him  *,  I  now  fee 
he  will  not  laft  long,  follow  therefore,  my  mafters, 
follow,  for  Sweet^^  was  like  to  have  him  at 
this  laft  vent. 

Ven.  Oh  me,  aU  the  horfe  are  got  over  the 
river,  what  (hall  we  do  now  ?  Ihall  we  follow 
them  over  the  ;^ater. 

Hunt.  No,  Sir,  no,  be  not  Vq  eager,  day  a 
little  and  follow  me,  for  both  they  and  the  dogs 
will  be  fuddenly  on  this  fide  again,  I  warrant 
you ;  and  the  Otter  too,  it  may  be :  now  have 
at  him  with  Kilbuck^  for  he  vents  again. 

Ven.  Marry  fo  he  does^  for  look  he  vents  in . 
that  corner.  Now,  now  Ringw&od  has  him  5 
now  he  is  gone  again,  and  has  bit  the  poor  dog. 
Now  Sweettips  has  her  5  hold  her  SweetUps !  now 
all  the  dogs  have  her,  fome  above  and  fome  un- 
der water ;  but  now,  now  fhq  is  tired,  and  paft 
lofing :  conie  bring  her  to  me,  SweetUps.  Look, 
it  is  a  Bitchotter,  and  (he  has  lately  whelped, 

E  let's 


50         ^be  Complete  Angler.      Parti. 

let's  go  to  the  place  where  flie  was  put  down, 
and  not  far  from  it  you  will  find  all  her  young 
ones,  I  dare  warrant  you,  and  kill  them  all  too. 

Hunt.  Come,  gentlemen,  come  all,  let's  go 
to  the  place  where  we  put  down  the  Otter.  Look 
you,  hereabout  it  was  that  Ihe  kennelled ;  look 
you,  here  it  was  indeed,  for  here  is  her  young 
ones,  no  lefs  than  five ;  come  let  us  kill  then\ 
all.    . 

Fife.  No,  I  pray  Sir,  fave  me  one,  and  TU 
try  if  I  can  make  her  tamei,  as  I  know  an  in^ 
gcnious  gentleman  in  Lekejierjhire^  Mr.  Nicb. 
Seagravey  has  done ;  who  hath  not  only  made 
her  tame,  but  to  catch  filh,  and  do  many  other 
things  of  much  pleafure. 

HunL  Take  one  with  all  my  h^eart,  but  let 
us  kill  the  reft.  And  now  let's  go  to  an  honeft 
ale-houfe,  w^ere  we  may  have  a  cup  of  good 
barley-wine,  ;and  fing  Old  Rofe,  and  all  of  us 
rejoice  together. 

Fenai:  Come,  my  friend  Pifcafor,  let  me  inr 
vite  you  along  with  us  %  I'll  bear  your  charges 
this  night,  and  you  (hall  bear  mine  to-morrow  ^ 
for  my  intention  is  to  accompany  you  a  day  or 
two  in  fifliing. 

Pifc.  Sir,  your  requeft  is  granted,  and  I  ihall 
be  right  glad,  both  to  exchange  fuch  a  courtefy, 
and  al.fo  to  enjoy  your  company. 

f^enaf.  Well,  npw  let's  go  to  yoy.r  fport  of 
Angling. 

Pifc.  Let's  be  going  with  all  my  heart.  God 
k.eep  you  all,  gentlemen^  and  fend  you  meet  this 
jday  with  another  Sitph-otter,  and  kill  her  mer- 
xilyp  aijid  Alji  her  jroung  p.nc.s  top. 


r' 


Chap.  IT.    The  Complete  Anoler.         51 

Venat.  Now,  Pifcatofj  wJiere  will  you  begin 
to  filh  ? 

Pifc.  Wc  arc  not  yet  come  to  a  likely 
pflace,  I  muft  walk  a  mile  farther  yet,  before  1 
begH). 

Venat,  .Well  then,  I  pray,  as  we  walk  tell 
me  freely,  how  do  you  like  your  lodging,  and 
mine  hoft,  and  the  company  ?  is  not  mine  hoft 
a  witty  man  ? 

Pifc.  Sir,  I  will  tell  you  prefcntly  what  I 
think  of  your  hoft ;  but  firft  I  will  tell  you,  I 
am  glad  thefe  Otters  were  killed,  and  I  am  (brry 
there  are  no  more  Otter-killers :  for  I  know  that 
the  want  of  Otter-killers,  and  the  not  keeping 
the  fence-months  for  the  prefervation  of  fi(b,. 
will  in  time  prove  the  deftruAion  of  all  rivers  ; 
and  thofe  very  few  that  are  left,  that  make  con- 
fcience  of  the  laws  of  the  nation,  and  of  keep- 
ing daysof  abftinence,  will  be  forced  to  eat  flelh, 
or  fufl^r  more  inconveniencies  than  are  yet  fore- 
feen. 

Venat.  Why,  Sir,  what  be  thc^e  that  you 
call  the  fence  months  ? 

Pifc.  Sir,  they  be  prmcipally  three,  namely, 
Marchj  Aprils  and  A^  \  for  thefe  be  the  ufual 
months  that  Salmon  come  out  of  the  fea  to 
fpawfi  ill  moft  f re(h  rivers,  and  their  fry  would 
about  a  certain  time  return  back  to  the  falt-wa- 
fer,  if  they  were  not  hindered  by  wires  and  un- 
lawful gins,  which  the  greedy  filhermen  fet, 
and  fo  deftroy  them  by  thoufands,  as  they  would, 
being  fo  taught  by  nature^  change  the  fre(h  for 
ialt-water.  He  that  (hall  view  the  wife  ftatutes 
liiade  in  the  13th  of  Edward  I.  and  the  like  in 

E  2  Richard 


gt         ^be  CoHPi;.iTE  Angler.      PartL 

Ricbard  IH.  may  fee  feveral  provifions  made 
againfi:  the  deftrudfcion  of  fiih :  and  though  I . 
prbfefs  no  knowledge  of  the  law,  yet  I  am  furc 
the  regulation  of  tbelib  defcds  might  be  eafily 
mended.  But  I  remember  that  a  wife  friend  of 
mine  did  ufually  lay,  "  Th.at  which  is  evc;ry 
*.'  body's  bufincfs,  is  no  body's  bufinefs."  If  ii^ 
vere  otherwife,  there  could  not  be  fo  many  net$ 
and  fifh  that  are  under  the  ftatute-fize  fold 
daily  amongft  us,  and  of  which  .th^  CQnferyator$ 
of  the  waters  ihould  be  afliamed. 

But  above  alj,  the  taking  fiih  in  fpawningr 
time,  may  be  &id  to  be  againO:  nature^  it  i^^ 
like  the  taking  the  dam  on  the  neft  when  fh^ 
l^atches  her  young :  a  Gn  fo  againft:  nature,  thaj: 
Almighty  God  bath  in  the  Levifical  law  made 
a  law  againll:  it. 

But  the  poor  fi(h  have  enemies  enough  beri4e 
iuch  unnatural  fifliermen,  as  namely,  the  Otter$: 
that  I  fpake  of,  the  Cormorant,  the  Bittern,  the 
rOfpray,  the  Sea-gull,  the  Hern,  the  King-fiflier^ 
the  Gorara,  the  Puet,  the  Swan,  Goqfe,  Oucks^ 
and  the  Craber,  which  fome  call  the  Water-rat  ^ 
^ainft  all  which,  any  honed  man  may  make  ^ 
juQ;  quarrel ;  b|Ut  I  will  not,  I  will  le^ve  them  tp 
be  quarrelled  with,  and  killed  by  others;  for  j 
am  nQt  of  a  cruel  nature;,  I  love  to  jkill  nqthiiijg 
but  fifli. 

And  now  to  yourqueftion  concerning  your 
hoft ;  to  fpeak  truly,  he  is  not  to  me  a  good: 
omipanion  :  for  moft  of  his, conceits  were  either 
Xcriptpre  jeft?,  qr  .lafciytQus  jefts  ;  for  which  I 
coqnt  no  man  witty,  for  the  devil  will  help  ^ 
^mgn  ,(hat  ^zy  inclined^  to  the  firft  %  and  his  own 

jcorrupt 


Chap.  IL    The  CoMPLtts  AN6LiR.        53 

corrupt  nature,  which  he  always  carries  with  htmt 
to  the  latter ;  but  a  companion  that  feafts  the 
company  with  wit  and  mirth,  and  leaves  out  the 
fin  which  is  ufually  mixed  with  them,  he  is  tbfe 
than  I  and  indeed  fuch  a  companion  fhould  have 
his  chai^;es  borne,  and  to  fuch  company  I  hope  to 
bring  you  this  night ;  for  at  Troki-lmlif  noc  far 
from  this  place,  where  I  purpofe  to  lodge  tonight^ 
there  is  ufttally  an  angler  that  proves  good  com- 
pany :  and  let  me  tell  you,  good  company  and 
good  difcourfe  are  the  very  finews  of  virtue :  but 
for  fuch  difcourfe  as  we  heard  laft  night,  it  infects 
others,  the  very  boys  will  learn  to  talk  and  fwear 
as  they  heard  mine  hoft,  and  another  of  the 
company  that  Ihall  be  namelefs  ;  I  am  forry  the 
other  is  a  gentleman,  for  lefs  religion  will  ao| 
fave  their  fouls  than  a  beggar's ;  I  think  tnort 
will  be  required  at  the  laft  great  day.  WeU,  you 
know  what  example  is  able  to  do,  and  I  know 
what  the  poet  fays  in  the  like  cafe,  which  h 
worthy  to  be  noted  by  all  parents  and  people  of 
civility. 


Mury  a  one 


Owes  to  bis  country  bis  religion : 
And  in  anotber  would  asftrongly  groWj 
Had  but  bis  nurfe  or  mother  taugbt  bimfo. 

Thi^  is  reafon  put  into  verfe,  and  worthy  the 
confideratkm  of  a  wife  man.  But  of  this  no 
more,  for  though  I  love  civility,  yet  I  hate  fevere 
cenfures:  PU  co^^my  own  art^and  I  doubt  not 
but  at  yonder  tre€  I  (hall  catcl^  a  Chub,  and  then 
we'll  turn  to  in  honeft  ..ci«anly  hofte&,  that  I 

E"3  know 


'$^  ^^'tJoMPtETE  A^TCEER.  Part  f. 
indeed  to  reft  tfiyfelf  too ;  for  though  I  have 
walked  but  four,  miles  this  morning,  yet  I  begia 
to  be  weary ;'  ycftcrday's  hunting  hangs  ftill  up- 
oh  me. 

Pifc.  Well,  Sir,  and  you  (hall  quickly  be  at 
reft,  for  yonder  is  the  houfe.  I  mean  to  bring 
you  to.  '  r  i    ^ 

Come,  hoftefs,  how  do  you  ?  Will  you  firft 
give  us  a  cup  of  your  beft  drink,  and  then  drefe 
this  Chub,  as  you  dreffed  my  laft^-when  I  and 
my  friend  were  here  about  eight  or  ten  days 
ago  ?  but  youjmuft  do  me  one  courteff,  k  muft 
be  done  inftantly. 

Hoft.  I  will  do  it,  Mr.  Pifcator^  and  with,  all 
the  fpeed  I  can. 

Ptfc.   Now,  Sir,  has   not  my  hoftefs  made  . 
hafte  ?  and  does  not  the  fifti  look  lovely  ? 

Ven.  Both,  upon  my  word.  Sir,  and  therefore 
let's  fay  grace,  and  fall  to  eating  of  it.      . 
.    Pifc.  Well,  Sir,  bow  do  you  like  it  ? . 

Vm*  Truft  noe,  'tis  as  good  meat  as  I  ever 
tafted :  now  let  me  thank  you  for  it,  drink  to 
you,  r^nd  beg  a  courte^  of  you ;  but  it  muft 
mt  be -denied  me. 

Pifc.  What  is  it,  I  pray,  Sir  ?  you  are  fc^  mo- 
deft,  th%t  niethinks  1  may  promife  to  grant  ir 
before  it  is'  aflced. 

Vm^  Why,  Sir,  it  is,  that  from'  henceforth, 
ypu  would  lallow  me  tQ  call  you  mafter,  and  that 
really  I  vmy  be, your  fcholar  \  for  you  are  fuch  a 
companion,  and  have  fo  quickly  caught,  and  (b  . 
excelientiy  cooked  this  fift),  as  makes  m&  ambi- 
tious to  be  your  fcholar. 

Pifc.  (iive  me  your  hand ;  from  this  time 
forward  I  will  be  your  matter,  and  teach  you  as 
^'  -  2     -  much 


Pab  ?Accordmg  t*  A<ft  of  Ruliam?  t-J^^ 


'        \ 


Chap.  III.  The  CompItEtb  Anolbr.       57 

much  of  this  art  as  I  am  able ;  and  wilU  as  you 
defire  me,  tell  you  fomewhat  of  the  nature  of 
moft  of  the  filh  that  we  are  to  angle  for,  and  I 
am  fure  I  both  can  and  will  tell  you  more  than 
any  common  angler  yet  knows. 


CHAP.    III. 

B(fw  tojljh/or,  and  to  dreft  the  C  h  av  e  n« 

D£Rj  or  Chub. 

Pjscator. 

TH  E  Chub,  though  be  eat  well  thus  drefled» 
yet  as  he  is  ufuall]^  drefled,  he  does  not : 
he  is  objeded  againft,  not  only  for  being 
full  of  fmall  forked  bones,  difperfed  through  all 
his  body,  but  that  he  eats  waterilh,  and  that 
the  fle(h  of  him  is  not  firm,  but  (hort  and  ufte* 
kfs.  'Fhe  French  efteem  him  {o  mean,  as  tp 
call  him  Un  Villain\  neverthelels  he  may  be  fo 
drefled,  as  to  make  him  very  good  meat ;  as 
namely,  if  he  be  a  large  Chub,  then  drefs  him 
thus? 

Firil  fcale  him,  and  then  wafh  him  clean,  and 
then  take  out  his  guts ;  and  to  that  end  make  the 
hole  as  little  and  near  to  his  gills  as  you  may  cc^ , 
veniently ;  and  efpecially  make  clean  his  throat 
from  the  grafs  and  weeds  that  are  ufually  in  it, 
for  if  that  be  not  very  clean,  it  will  make  him  to 
tafte  very  four  -,  having  fo  done,  put  fome  fweet 
herbs  into  his  belly,  and  then  tie  him  with  two 
y  three  fplinters  to  a  fpit,  and  roaft  him,  baftcd 

often 


58  Tife  Complete  Akglhr.      Parti. 

often  with  vinegar,  or  rather  verjuice  and  butter, 
with  good  (lore  of  fait  mixed  with  it. 

*Being  thus  drefied,  you  will  find  him  a  much 
better  di(h  of  meat  than  you,  or  moft  folks,  even 
than  anglers  themfelves,  do  imagine ;  for  this 
dries  up  the  fluid  watery  humour  with  which  all 
Chubs  do  abound. 

But  take  this  rule  with  you,  that  a  Chub, 
newly  taken  and  newly  drelTed,  is  fo  much  better 
than  a  Chub  of  a  day's  keeping  after  he  is  dead, 
ihai  I  can  compare  him  to  nothing  fo  fitly  as  to 
Cherries  newly  gathered  from  a  tree,  and  others 
that  have  been  bruifed  and  lain  a  day  or  two  in 
water.  But  the  Chub  being  thus  ufed  and  dreflfed 
prefently,  and  not  walhed  after  he  is  gutted ;  for 
;ioce,  that  lying  long  in  water,  and  wafhing  tHe 
blood  out  of  any  fi(h  after  they  be  gutted,  abates 
Tiiuch  of  their  fweetnefs,  you  will  find  the  Chub, 
being  drefied  in  the  blood  and  quickly,  to  be 
fnch  meat  as  will  recompenfe  your  labour,  and 
difabufe  your  opinion. 

Or  you  may  drefs  the  Chavender  or  Chub 
thus : 

When  you  have  fcaled  him,  and  cut  off.  his 
tail  and  fins,  and  wafhed  him  very  clean,  then 
chine  or  flit  him  through  the  middle,  as  a  (Ht* 
fifli  is  ufually  cut;  then  give  him  three  or  four 
cuts  or  fcotches  on  the  back  with  your  knife, 
$f\d  broil  him  on  charcoal,  or  wood-coal,  that 
are  free  from  fmoke  •,  and  all  the  time  he  is 
broiling,  bafte  him  with  the  beft  fweet  butter, 
and  good  ftore  of.fah  mixed  with  it ;  and  to  this 
;add  a  little  thyme  cut  exceeding  fmall,  or  bruifed 
into  the  butter.  The  ChCven  thus  drefled,  hath 
the  watery  tafte  taken  away,  for  which  fo  many 

except 


Chap.  III.  77^  Complete  Angler.        59 

except  againft  him.  Thus  was  theChiven  drefled 
that  you  now  liked  fo  well,  and  commended  fo 
much.  But  note  again,  that  if  this  Chub  that 
you  eat  of,  had  been  kept  till  to-morrow,  lye 
had  not  been  worth  a  mfli.  And  remember  that 
his  throat  be  walhed  very  clean,  I  fay  very  clean, 
and  his  body  not  waOied  after  he  is  gutted,  as 
indeed  no  fi(h  fliould  be. 

Well,  fcholar,  you  fee  what  pains  I  have 
taken  to  recover  the  lol^  credit  of  the  poor 
defpUed  Chub.  And  now  I  will  give  you  fomc 
rules  how  to  catch  him ;  and  I  am  glad  to  enter 
you  into  the  art  of  fifhing  by  catching  a  Chub, 
for  there  is  no  fifli  better  to  enter  a  young 
^  angler,  he  is  fo  eafily  caught,  but  then  it  muft 
be  this  particular  way. 

Go  to  the  fame  hole  in  which  I  caught  my  , 
Chub,  where  in  moft  hot  days  you  will  find  a 
dozen  or  twenty  Chevens  floating  near  the  top 
of  the  water;  get  two  or  three  gramoppers  as  you 
go  over  the  meadow,  and  get  iecretly  behind  the 
tree,  and  ftand  as  free  from  motion  as  is  poffible ; 
then  put  a  gra(hopper  on  your  hook,  and  let 
your  hook  hang  a  quarter  of  a  yard  (hort 
of  the  water,  to  which  end  you  muft  reft  your 
rod  on  ibme  bough  of  the  tree ;  but  it  is  likely 
the  Chubs  will  (ink  down  towards  the  bottom  of 
the  water  at  the  firft  (hadow  of  your  rod,  for  a 
Chub  is  the  fearfuleft  of  fifties,  and  will  do  fo 
if  but  a  biitl  flies  over  him,  and  makes  the  lead 
ihadowon  the  water-,  but  they  will  prefently  rife 
up  to  the  top  agam,  and  there  lie  foaring  till 
fome  (hadow  affrights  them  again  -,  I  fay,  when 
they  lie  upon  the  top  of  the  water,  look  out  the 
bcfl;  Chub,  which  you,  fctting  yourfclf  in-a  fit 

place. 


^  the  CoMt>LBTE  Akgler.    PartL 

i 

place,  may  very  eafily  fee,  and  move  your  rod 
as  fofcly  as  a  fnail  moves,  to  that  Chub  you 
intend  to  catch  ^  let  your  bait  fail  gently  upon 
the  water  three  or  four  inches  before  him,  and 
he  will  infallibly  uke  the  bait,  and  you  will  be 
as  fore  to  catch  him ;  for  he  is  one  of  the  lea- 
ther-mouthed  filhes,  of  which  a  hook  does  fearce 
ever  lofe  its  hold,  and  therefore  give  him  play 
enough  before  you  o6fer  to  take  him  out  of  the 
water.  <jo  your  way  prefently,  take  my  rod, 
and  do  as  I  bid  you,  and  I  will  (it  down  and 
mend  my  tackling  till  you  return  back. 

Ven.  Truly,  my  loving  mafter,  you  have  of- 
fered me  as  fair  as  I  could  wifh.  I'll  go  and 
obfcrve  your  direftions. 

Look  you,  matter,  what  I  have  done !  that 
which  joys  my  heart,  caught  juft  fuch  another 
,Chub  as  your's  was. 

Pifc.  Marry,  and  I  am  glad  of  it :  I  am  like 
to  have  a  towardly  fcholar  of  you.  I  now  fee, 
that  with  advice  and  pradice  you  will  make  an 
angler  in  a  fhort  time.  Have  but  a  love  to  it, 
Md  rU  warrant  you. 

Ven.  But,  matter,  what  if  I  could  not  have 
found  a  graihopper  ? 

Pifc.  Then  1  may  tell  you,  that  a  black  fnail, 
with  his  belly  flit,  to  ttiew  his  white ;  or  a  piece 
of  foft  cheefe,  will  ufually  do  as  well:' nay, 
fometimes  a  worm,  or  any  kind  of  fly,  as  the 
ant-fly,  the  flcfli-fly,  or  walUfly,  or  the  dor 
or  beetle,  which  you  may  And  under  cow-dung, 
or  a  bob,  which  you  will  And  in  the  fame  place, 
and  ip  time  will  be  a  beetle ;  it  is  a  (bort  white 
worm,  like  to  and  bigger  than  a  gentle,  or  a 
^d'^orm,  or  a  cafe-worm  \  any  of  thef$  wilt 

do 


Chap.  III.    Tbi  CoMPkiTB  Akclir.       6x 

do  yeiy  well  to  fiQi  in  fuch  a  manocr.  And 
after  this  manner  you  msiy  catch  a  Trout  in  a  hot 
evening :  when,  as  you  walk  by  a  brook,  and 
ihall  fee  or  hear  him  leap  at  flies,  then,  if  you  gee 
a  gralhppper,  put  it  on  your  hook,  with  your 
li^  about  two  yards  long,  (landing  behind  a  buih 
or  tree  where  his  hole  is,  and  make  your  bait 
ftir  up  and  down  on  the  top  of  the  water :  you 
may,  if  you  ftand  clofe,  befure.of  a  bite,  but 
not  fure  to  catch  him,  for  he  is  not  a  leather* 
;nouthed  filh :  and  after  this  manner  you  m^y 
fiib  for  him  with  almoft  any  kind  of  live  fly, 
;but  efpecially  with  a  gralhopper. 

Ven.  But  before  you  go  further,  I  pray,  good 
mailer,  what  mean  you  by  a  leather-mouthed 

Pifc.  By  a  kather-mouthed  fifli,  I  mean 
fuch  as  have  their  teeth  in  their  throat,  as  the 
.Chub  or  Cheven,  and  fo  the  Barbel,  the  Gud* 
geon  and  Carp,  and  divers  others  have ;  and  the 
hook  being  duck  into  the  leather  or  fkin  of  the 
moutli  of  fuch  fifl),  does  very  feldom  or  never 
lofe  its  hold :  but,  on  the  contrary,  a  Pike,  a 
t^earch,  or  Trout,  and  fo  fome  other  fi(fa,  which 
bave  not  their  teeth  in  their  throats  but  in  their 
mouths,  which  >you  (hall  obferve  to  be  very  full 
of  bones,  and  the  fkin  very  thin,  and  little  of 
it :  I  fay,  pf  thefe  ii(b  the  hook  never  takes  fo 
fure  hold,  but  you  often  lofe  your  fifh,  unlefa 
iie  have  gorged  it. 

Ven.  I  thank  you,  good  mafter,  for  this  ob- 
fervation ;  but  now,  what  (hall  be  done  with  my 
rChub  or  Cheven  that  I  hav^  caughtf 

Pifc.  Marry,  Sir,  it  (hall  be  given  away  t^ 
;fome  poor  body,  for  I'll  warrant  ypu  Y\\  give 

you 


6t  Tife  Complete  Angler.      PartL 

you  a  Trout  for  your  fupper :  and  it  is  a  good 
beginning  of  your  art  to  cmcr  your  firft-fruits  to 
the  poor,  who  will  both  thank  God  and  you  for 
it,  which  I  fee  by  your  fiience  you  feem  to  con- 
fent  to.  And  for  your  wilHngnefs  to  part  with 
it  fo  charitably,  I  will  alfo  teach  more  concerning 
Chub-fiftiing:  you  are  to  note,  that  in  March 
and  April  he  is  ufually  taken  with  worms  •,  in 
May^  Juney  and  July  he  will  bite  at  any  fly,  or 
at  cherries,  or  at  beetles <  with  their  legs  and 
wings  cut  off,  or  at  any  kind  of  fhail,  or  at  the 
black  bee  that  breeds  in  clay-walls ;  and  he  never 
refufes  a  grafliopper  on  the  top  of  ix  fwift 
ftream  *,  nor  at  the  bottom  the  young  humble- 
bee  that  breeds  in  long  grafs,  and  is  ordinarily 
found  by  the  mower  of^it.  In  Augufty  and  in 
the  cooler  months,  a  yellow  pafte,  made  of  the 
ftrongcft  ehecfe,  and  pounded  in  a  mortar  with 
a  little  butter  and  fafFron,  fo  much  of  it,  as  be- 
ing beaten  fmall,  will  turn  it  to  a  lemon  colour. 
And  fome  make  a  pafte  for  the  winter-months, 
at  which  time  the  Chub  is  accounted  beft;  for 
then  it  is  obferved,  that  the  forked  bones  are 
loft  or  turned  into  a  kind  of  griftle,  efpecially  if 
he  be  baked,  of  chcefe  and  turpentine  ;  he  will 
bite  aMb  at  a  mitinow  or  penk,  as  a  Trout  will : 
of  which  !  (hall  tell  you  more  hereafter,  and  of 
divers  other  baits.  But  take  this  for  a  rule,  that 
in  hot  weather  he  is  to  be  fifhcd  for  towards  the 
mid-water,  or  near  the  top ;  and  in  colder  wea- 

•  In  tlie  Thentes^  above  Richmond,  the  beft  way  of  ofinjf 
the  gra(hop{lcr  for  CKab,  is  to  |]&  with  it  as  with  an  arti-r 
ficial  fly  ;  the  firil  joints  of  the  legs  mud  be  pinched  ofF: 
and  in  this  way,  when  the  weed  is  rotten,  which  is  feldoni 
sill  Seftmbtr^  the  largeil  Dace  are  taken* 

dier 


Chap.  III.  T'be  CoMPCBTE  Amcler.        6i 

ther  nearer  the  bottom.  And  if  you  fifli  for 
him  on  the  top,  with  a  beetle  or  any  fly,  then 
be  fure  to  let  ypur  line  be  very  long,  and  to  keep 
ogt  of  fight.  And  having  told  you  that  his 
fpawn  is  excellent  meat,  and  that  the  head  of  a 
large  Cheven,  the  throat  being  well  walhed,  ia 
the  beft  part  of  him,  I  will  fay  no  more  of  thi^ 
fifli  at  the  prefent,  but  wifli  you  may  catch  the 
next  yog  fifli  for. 

But  left  you  may  judge  me  too  nice  in  urging 
to  have  the  Chubdreffcd  fo  prefently  after  he  his 
taken,  I  will  commend  to  your  confideration 
how  curious  former  times  have  been  in  the  like 
kind. 

You  ftiall  read  in  Seneca^s  Natural  Queftions, 
Lib.  III.  Cap.'i  7.  that  the  ancients  were  fo  curious 
in  the  newnefs  of  their  fifh,  that  that  feemed 
not  new  enough  that  was  not  put  alive  into  the 
gueft's  hand  -,  and  he  fays,  that  to  that  end  they 
did  ufually  keep  them  living  in  glafs  bottles  in 
their  dining-rooms  -,  and  they  did  glory  much  in 
their  entertaining  of  friends  to  have  that  fifli 
taken  from  under  their  table  alive,  that  was 
inftantly  to  be  fed  upon.  And  he  fays»  they 
took  great  pleafure  to  fpe  their  Mullets  change 
to  feveral  colours,  when  they  were  dyin"^.  But 
enough  of  this,  for  I  doubt  I  have  (laid  too 
JongYrom  giving  you  fome  obfervations  of  the 
Trout,  and  how  to  fifti  for  him,  which  fliaU 
take  up  the  next  of  ipy  fpare  tiqie  *.     ^ 

CHAP, 


•  The  ibibnts  of  the  Chub  are  ftreams  (haded  with  trees ; 
in  fummer  deep  holes,  where  they  will  fometiines  float  n^ar 
the  furface  of  the.  water^  ^nd  ODder  the  boughs  on  the  fide 
f>i'  a  bank. 

Their 


64         Tke  CoisfhtTZ  AvohtSL,     FxrtU 


CHAP,    IV. 

Oi/ervations  of  t be V[ AT VKE  m^Breeed- 
iNG  of  tie  Trovt,  and btyw  to J^ for 
bim.    And  tbe  Milk-maids  Song. 

P  I  S  C  A  T  p  R. 

THE  Trout  is  a  fi(h  highly  valued  both 
in  this  and  foreign  nations :  he  may  be 
juftly  faid,  as  the  old  poet  fatid  of  wine, 
and  we  Englifi  fay  of  venifon»  to  be  a  generous 
fifli :  a  fi(h  that  is  fo  like  the  buck,  that  he  alio 
has  bis  feafons ;  for  it  is  obferved».that  heconnes 
in  and  goes  out  of  feafon  with  the  ftag  and 
buck :  Cefner  fays,  his  name  is  of  a  German  off- 
ipring,  and  fays  he  is  a  fi(h  that  feeds  clean  and 
purely,  in  the  fwifceft  flreams,  and  on  tbe  hardeft 
gravel;  and  that  he  may  juftly  contend  with  all 
frcfh-water  fifh,  as  the  Mullet  may  with  all  fea- 
fiih  for  precedency  and  daintinefs  of  tafte  ^  and 
that  being  in  right  feafon,  the  mod  dainty  pa* 
lates  have  allowed  precedency  to  him. 

And  before  I  go  farther  in  my  difcourfe,  let 
me  tell  you,  that  you  are  to  obferve,  that  as 
there  be  fome  barren    does  that  are  good  in 

Tlicir  fpawniDg-tTme  is  towards  the  beginning  of  ^r//.- 
they  are  in  feafon  from  about  the  middle  of  Majf  tilt  the 
vM6\e  oi  Ftbruary  %  but  are  bell  in  winter. 

At  mid-watery  and  at  bottom,  ufe  a  float;  at  top,  either 
dib»  or  if  yoa  have  room,  afe  the  Ay-line  as  for^rout. 

They  are  fo  eager  in  biting,  that,  when  they  take  the 
bftitji  yoQ  may  hear  their  jaws  chop  like  thofe  pf  a  dog. 

fummer^ 


Chap.  IV.  T'/'^CoMPLETE  Angler.       65 

fumnaer,  fo  there  be  fome  barren  Trouts  that 
are  good  in  winter;  but  there  are  not  many 
that  are  fo,  for  ufually  they  be  in  their  per- 
fection in  the  month  of  May^^  and  decline  with 
the  buck.    Now  you  are  to  take  notice,  Ihac 
in  feveral  countries,   as  in   Germawf^    and  in 
other  parts,  compared  to  our^s,  filh  do  differ 
much  in  their  bignefs,  and  fhape,  and  other 
ways,  and  fo  dp  Trouts ;   i^  is  well  known, 
that  in  the  Lake  Leman^  the  Lake  of  Geneva^ 
there  are  Trouts  taken  three  cubits  long,  as 
is  affirmed  by  Gcfnevy  a  writer  of  good  credit  \ 
and  Mercatw  *  fays,  the  Trouts  that  are  taken 
in  the  Lake  of  Geneva^  are  a  great  part  of  the 
merchandize  of  that  famous  city.      And  you 
are  further  to  know,    that  there  be  certain 
waters  that  breed  Trouts,  remarkable  both  for 
their  number  and  fmallnefs.     I  know  a  little 
brook  in  Kvtt^  that  breeds  them  to  a  number 
incredible,  and  you  may  take  them  twenty  or 
forty  in  an  hour,  but  none  greater  than  about 
the  fize  of  a  Gudgeon :  there  are  alfo,  in  divers 
rivers,  elpecially  that  relate  to,  or  be  near  to 
the  fea^   as  JVincbeJler^  or  the  Thames   about 
WindfoTy   a  little  Trout  called  a  Samlet,   or 
Skegger  Trout  5  in  both  which  places  I  have 
caught  twenty  or  forty  at  a  (landing,  that  will 
bite  as  fail  and  as  freely  as  Minnows  *,  thefe  be 
by  fome  taken  to  be  young  Salmons,  but  in  thofe 

*  Gerard  Mercaior^  of  Rttremond  in  Flanders,  a  man  of 
fo  iotenfe  application  to  mathematical  fludies,  that  he  he- 
gkdled  the  neceiTary  refreihments  of  nature.  He  engraved 
with  his  own  hand*  and  coloured,  the  maps  to  his  geogra*^  • 
phical  writings.  He  wrote  feveral  books  of  theology ;  and 
died  i59f« 

F  Waters 


66  7'i&^  Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

waters  they  never  grow  to  be  bigger  than*  a 
Herring. 

There  is  alfo  in  Kent^  near  to  Canterbury^  a 
Trout  called  there  a  Fordidge  Trout,  a  Trout 
th^t  bears  the^  name  of  the  town  where  it  is 
tifually  caught,  that  is  accounted  the  rareft  of 
fifli ;  many  of  them  near  the  bignefs  of  a  Sal- 
mon, but  known  by  their  different  colour,  and 
in  their  beft  feafon  they  cut  very  white;  and 
none  of  thefe  havie  been  known  to  be  caught 
with  an  angle,  unlefs  it  were  one  that  was  caught 
by  Sir  George  HaJfmgST^^  an  excellent  angler,  and 
now  with  God  5  and  he  hath  told  me,  he  thought 
that  Trout  bit  not  for  hunger  but  wantonnefs  v 
and  it  is  the  rather  to  be  believed,  becaufe  both 
he  then,  and  many  others  before  him,  have 
been  curious  to  fearch  into  their  bellies,  what 
the  food  was  by  which  they  lived ;  and  have 
found  out  nothing  by  which  they  might  fatisfy 
their  curiofity. 

Concerning  which  you  are  to  take  notice,  that 
It  is  reported  by  good  authors,  that  grafliop- 
pers  *  and  fome  fi(h  have  no  mouths,  but  are 

*  It  is  faid  by  nataralifts,  that  the  f^rafliopper  has  na 
mouth;  but  a  pipe  in  his  breafl,  through  which  it  fuck» 
the  de.Wy .  which  is  its  nutriment*  There  are  two  forts>^ 
Che  green  and  the  dun ;  feme  fay  there  is  a  third,  of  a 
yellowiih  green.  They  are  found  in  long  grafs,  from  June 
to  the  end  of  Stftemter^  and  even  in  O^lober^  if  the  weather 
be  mild.  In  the  middle  of  Mayyoioi  will  fee  in  the  joints 
ofrofemary,  thiflles,.  and  almoft  all  the  larger  weeds,  d^ 
white  fer^iented  froth,  which  the  country  people  call 
Cvckonv*%  Spit ;  in  thefe  the  eggs  of  the  gralhopper  zte 
depofited ;  and  if  your  examine  them,  you  ihall  never  fail 
of  finding  a  yellowiih  infeft,  of  about  the  fize  and  (hape- 
'pf  a  grain  of  wheat,  which;i  doubtlefij  is  the  young  ^raf- 
hopper. 

nouriihed 


I 


Chap.  IV.  7i&^  CoMPtBTS  Angler;      67 

nouri(hed  and  take  breath  hv  the  poroufnefs  of 
their  ^ills,  man  knows  not  how ;  and  this  may 
be  beheved,  if  we  conGder  that  when  the  raven 
Bath  hatched  her  eggs,  (he  takes  no  farther  care» 
but  leaves  her  young  ones  to  the  care  of  the 
God  of  nature,  who  is  faid  in  the  Pfalms^  **  To 
*^  feed  the  young  ravens  that  call  ujpon  bim«*^ 
And  they  be  kept  alive,  and  feed  by  a  dew,  or 
worms  that  breed  in  their  nefb,  or  fome  other 
ways  that  we  mortals  know  not  \  and  this  ma^ 
be  beUeved  of  the  Fordidgi  Trout,  which,  as  it 
is  faid  olF  the  ftork,  that  he  knows  his  feafon^ 
fo  he  knows  his  times,  I  think  almoft  his  day 
of  coming  into  that  river  out  of  the  fea,  where 
he  lives,  and  it  is  like,  feeds  nine  months  of 
the  year,  and  fafts  three  in  the  river  of  Fordidge. 
And  you  are  to  note,  that  thofe  townfmen  are 
very  punctual  in  obferving  the  time  of  begin«- 
ning  to  fi(h  for  them;  and  boaft  much  that 
their  river  affords  a  Trout,  that  exceeds  all 
others.  And  juft  b  does  Stdkx  boaft  of  feveral 
fiih;  as  namely,  a  Sbelfiy  Cockle,  a  Cbicbiftir 
luoblter,  an  Arundel  Mullet^  and  an  Amerlf 
Trout. 

And  now  for  fome  confirmation  of  the  Fcr^^ 
didge  Trout :  you  are  to  know  that  this  Trout  is 
thought  to  eat  nothing  in  the  frelh  water ;  and 
it  may  be  the  better  believed,  becaufe  it  is  well 
known,  that  fwallows,  and  bats,  and  wagtails^ 
which  are  called  half-year  birds,  and  not  feen  to 
flie  uiE^land  for  fix  months  in  the  year,  Iput 
about  Mubaekuu  leave  us  for  a 
hotter  climate ;  yet  fome  of  them  Tu^Sirfntu 
that  have  been  left  behind  their  J^'  ^''^'^^ 
fellows,  have  been  found,  many       ^ 

H  2  thpu? 


68  sra^  Complete  Angler.    Part  L 

thoufands,  at  a  time,  in  hollow  trees,  or-  clay 
caves  5  where  they  have  been  obferved  to  live 
and  deep  out  the  whole  winter  without  meat; 
and  fo  Alberm^  *  obferves,  that  there '  is  one 

kind  of  frog  that  hath  her  mouth 
Sie^  Topfel'  of  naturally  (hut:  up  about  the  end 
^^^^*  of  Au^Jf^  and  that  (he  lives  fo 

all  tte  winter :  ana  though  it  be  ftrange  to 
ifome,  yet  it  is  known  to  too  many  among  us  to. 
be  doubted  f. 

And  fo  much  for  thefc  Fordidgt  TroutS5». 
which  never  afford  an  angler  fport,  but  cither 
live  their  tirue  of  being  in  the  frefh  water,  by 
their  meat  formerly  gotten  in  the  fea,  not  unlift!^ 
the  fwallow  or  frog,  or  by  the  virtue  of  the 
frefli  water  only ;  or  as  the  bird  of  Paradife^  an<t 
the  camelion  are  faid  to  live  by  the  fun  and  the 
air. 

There  is  alfo  in  Northumberland  a  Trout  called 
a  Bull-trout,  of  a  much  greater  length  and'big^- 
nefs  than  any  in  thefe  fouthetn  parts :  and  there 
are  in  many  rivers  that  relate  to  the  fea,  Salmon- 
trouts,  as  much  different  from  others,  both  in- 
Ihape  and  in  their  fpots,  as  we  fee  (heep  in  fome 
"countries  differ  one  from  another  in  their  (hape 
and  bignefs,  and  in  the  fiiienefs  of  their  woofc: 
and  certainly,  as, fome paftu res  breerflarger-ftxcep^ 
fo  do  fome  rivers,,  by  reafon  of  the  ground  over 
which  they  run,  breed  larger  Trouts. 

N 

•     *  Alhertus  MaptuSj  a  German  Dominican,    stnd  a  yery  ^ 
learned  man:  Vtban  IV.  compelled* him  to  accept  o£  the, 
bi/hoprick  of  Ratijhon.     He  wrote  a  treatife  On  theiecrcts 
of  nature,  and  twenty  othes  veluxAes  in  foUof  and  died.^t^ 
Cologne  1280. 

I  Sc€  Ch^p.  viii.  ,       ^ 

Now 


( 


Chap.  IV.   7i&^  Complete  Angler.       6^ 

Now  the  next  thing  that  I  will  commend  to 
yotrr  coniideration  is,  that  the  Trout  is  of  a 
more  fudden  growth  than  other  filh :  concerning 
which  you  are  alfo  to  take  notice,  that  he  lives 
not  fo  long  as  the  Pearch  and  divers  other  fifhes 
do,  as  Sir  Francis  Bacon  hath  obferved  in  his 
iMftory  of  life  and  death. 

And  next  you  are  to  take  notice,  that  he  is 

Dot  like  the  Crocodile,  which  if  he  lives  rtever 

ib  long,  yet  always  thrives  till  his  death  :  but  it 

Is  not  fo  with  the  Trout ;  for  after  he  is  come 

to  his  full  growtli,  he  declines  in  his  body,  and 

keeps  his  bignefs,  or  thrives  only  in  his  head 

till  his  death.     And  you  are  to  know,  that  he 

will,  e^ecially  before  the  time  of  his  fpawn- 

ifig,  get  almoft  miraculoufly  through  weirs  and 

flood-gates  againft  the  ftreams,  even  through 

fuch  high  and  fwift  places  as  is  almofl  incredi- 

ble.    Next,  that  the  Trout  ufually  fpawns  about 

O^oher  or  November ^  but  in  fome  rivers  a  little 

fooner  or  later  :  which  is  the  more  obfervable, 

becaufe  mod  other  fifh  fpawn  in  the  fpring  or 

fuoHner,  when  the  fun  hath  warmed  both  the 

tartli  and  water,  and  made  it  (it  for  generation. 

And  you  are  to  note,  that  he  continues  many 

months  out  of  feafon  :  for  it  may  be  obferved 

of  the  Trout,  that  he  is  like  the  buck  or  the  ox, 

that  will  not  be  fat  in  many  months,  though  he 

go  in  the  very  fame  pafture  that  horfes  do,  which 

will  be  fat  in  one  month ;  and  fo  you  may  ob- 

fcrvc,  that  moft  other  fifhes  recover  ftrength,  and 

;row  fooner  fat  and  in  feafon  than  the  Trout 

loth. 

And  next  you  are  to  note,  that  till  the  fun 
gets  to  fuch  a  height  as  to  warm  the  earth  and 
^  "   F  3  iht 


jroi  Th€  Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

the  water,  the  Trout  is  fick  and  lean,  and  loufy^ 
and  unwholfome :  for  you  (hall  in  winter  find 
him  to  have  a  big  head,  and  then  to  be  lank, 
and  thin,  and  lean  *,  at  which  time  many  of  them 
have  flicking  on  them  fugs,  or  Trout-lice,  which 
is  a  kind  of  a  worm,  in  fhape  like  a  clove  or  pin 
with  a  big  head,  and  (licks  clofe  to  him,  and 
fucks  his  moifture  ^  thofe,  I  think,  the  Trout 
;;  breeds  himfelf,  and  never  thrives  till  he  free  him* 
felf  from  them,  which  is  when  warm  weather 
comes }  and  then,  as  he  grows  (Ironger,  he  gets 
jfrom  the  dead  ftill  water,  into  the  (harp  ftreams, 
land  the  gravel,  and  there  rubs  off  thefe  worms 
pr  lice  i  and  then,  as  he  grows  (Ironger,  fo  he 
gets  him  into  fwifter  and  fwifter  (Ireams,  and 
(there  lies  at  the  watch  for  any  fly  or  minnow 
that  comes  near  to  him  %  and  he  efpecially  loves 
the  May- fly,  which  is  bred  of  the  cod-worm, 
or  cadis  *,  and  thefe  make  the  Trout  bold  and 
lufl:y ;  and  he  is  ufually  fatter  and  better  meat  at 
the  end  of  that  month,  than  at  any  time  of  the 
year. 

Now  you  are  to  know,  that  it  is  obferved^ 
that  ufually  the  beft  Trouts  are  either  red  or  yeU 
low;  though  fome,  as  the  Fordidge  Trout,  be 
white  and  yet  good  \  but  that  is  not  ufual :  and 

*  This  U  thought  to  be  a  miftake,  and  that  the  cod. 
worm*  or  cadis,  prodoces  a  very  diiFerent  fly,  called  the 
cadis-fly»  which  is  thus  defcribed :  It  is  a  large  }fellow  fly ; 
lias  four  pale  yellovv  wings,  all  of  one  coloor ;  his  body  is 
of  a  pale  vellow^  ribbed  with  a  dark  brown.  But  the  May-  . 
flvy  whicn  I  could  never  underftand  to  be  any  other  thaa. 
.  tie  gften-drMcey  is  inclofedf  when  in  embryo,  in  a  longer 
and  much  fmaller  hulk  than  the  cadis-fly  above-mentioned. 
See  the  Art  of  Amgling^  atid  CmfUte  Fly-Fijhr,  by  Riebtiri 
Bswlktn  printed  at  Wwujltr^  hi  1 2Jno. 

2  it- 


Chap.  IV.  Tie  Complete  Akglih.       jt 

it  is  a  aote  obfervablc,  that  the  female  Trout 
hath  ufually  a  lefs  head,  and  a  deeper  body  than 
the  male  Trout,  and  is  ufually  the  better  meat : 
and  note^  that  a  h(^«back,  and  a  Uttle  head  to 
either  Trout,  Salmon,  or  any  other  fiih,  is  t 
lign  that  that  fi(h  is  in  feafon. 

But  yet  you  are  to  note,  that  as  you  fee  fome 
willows  or  palm-trees  bud  and  bloflbm  fooner 
Chan  others  do,  fo  fome  Trouts  be  in  rivers  fooner 
in  feafon ;  and  as  fome  hollies  or  oaks  are  longer 
before  they  call  their  leaves,  fo  are  fome  Trouts 
in  rivers  longer  before  they  go  out  of  feaibn. 

And  you  are  to  note,  that  there  are  feveral 
kinds  of  Trouts,  but  thefe  feveral  kiiuls  are  not 
confidered  but  by  very  few  men,  for  they  go  un* 
der  the  general  name  of  Trouts :  juft  as  pigeons 
do  in  moil  places  -,  though  it  is  certain,  there  are 
tame  and  wild  pigeons :  and  of  the  tame,  there 
be  hclmits  and  runts,  and  carriers  and  cropers, 
and  indeed  too  many  to  name.  Nay,  the  Royal 
Society  have  found  and  publifhed  lately,  than 
there  be  thirty- three  kinds  of  fpiders :  and  yet  all^ 
for  aught  I  know,  go  under  that  one  «neral  name 
of  fpider.  And  it  is  fo  with  many  kinds  of  fiih, 
and  of  Trouts  efpecialiy,  which  differ  in  their 
bignefs  and  (bape,  and  fpots  and  colour.  The 
great  Kentijh  hens  may  be  an  inftance  compared' 
to  other  hens ;  and  doubclefs  there  is  a  kind  of 
fmall  Trout,'  which  will  never  thrive  to  be  big, 
that  breeds  very  many  more  than  others  do,  that 
be  of  a  larger  (ize ;  which  you  may  rather  be- 
lieve, if  yoa  confider,  that  the  little  wren  and 
titmoufe  will  have  twenty  young  ones  at  a  timey 
when  ufually  the  noble  hav/k,  or  the  mufical 
thraflbl  or  blackbird,  exceed  aot  four  or  five. 

F  4  vAnd 


j2  ^be  Complete  Angler..  Part  J. 

And  now  you  (ball  fee  me  try  my  fkill  to 
catch  a  Trout ;  and  at  my  next  walking,  either 
this  evening,  or  to-morrow  morning,  I  will  give 
you  diredion  how  you  ypurfelf  fhall  fUh  for 
liim. 

Ven.  Truft  me,  mailer,  I  fee  now  it  is  i^ 
harder  matter  to  catch  a  Trout  than  a  Chub :  for 
I  have  put  on  patience,  and  followed  you  thefe 
twO'  hours,  and  not  feen  a  (i(h  ftir,  neither  ac 
your  minnow  nor  your  worm. 

'  Pifc,  Well,  fcholar,  yoq  muft  endure  worfe 
luck  fometime,  or  ypu  will  never  make  a  good 
angler.  But  what  fay  you  now  ?  there  is  a 
Trout  now,  and  a  good  one  top,  if  I  can  but 
hold  him,  and  two  or  three  turns  more  will  tire 
him:  now  you  fee  lie  lies  ft  ill,  and  the  fleighp 
is  to  land  him  :  reach  me  that  landing  net :  fo^ 
Sir,  now  he  is  mine  own,  what  fay  you  now,  is 
not  this  worth  all  my  labour  and  your  patience  ? 

Ven.  On  my  word,  matter,  this  is  a  gallant 
Trout,  what  fliall  we  do  with  him  ? 

Pifc.  Marry,  e'en  eat  bim  for  fupper:  we'll 
go  to  my  hoftefs  from  whence  we  came ;  Ihe 
told  me,  as  I  was  going  put  of  door,  that  my 
brother  Petir^  a  good  angler  and  a  t:hearful 
con^anion,  had  fent  word  he  ^oujd  lodge  there 
.to  night,  and  bring  a  friend  with  him.  My 
hoftefs  bas'  two  beds,  and  I  knoyr  you  and  I 
ijiay  have  the  beft :  weMl  rejoice  with  my  bro* 
ther  Peter  arid  his  friend,  tell  talcs,  or  fing  bal- 
lads, or  make  a  catch,  or  find  fome  harmlefs 
ipprt  to  content  u^,  and  p^fs  away  a  little  rime 
witho;Ut  offence  to  fjod  or  ^ap. 

Ven.  X  rnatch,  good  Diafter,  let's  go  to  that 
houfe^  for  the  linen  looks  white,  and  fmells  of 

it  * 

Javen- 


Chap.  IV.  ^be  Complete  AnctEit.       73 

lavender,  and  I  long  to  lie  in  a  pair  of  flicets 
that  fmell  fo :  let's  be  going,  good  matter,  for 
I  am  hungry  again  with  fiQiing. 

Pifc.  Nay,  ftay  a  little,  good  fcholar;  I 
caught  my  laft  Trout  lyith  a  worm,  now  1  will 
put  on  a  minnow,  and 'try  a  quarter  of  an  hour 
about  yonder  trees  for  another,  and  fo.  walk 
towards  our  lodging.  Look  you,  fcholar,  there- 
about we  fiiall  have  a  bite  prefently,  or  not  at 
all :  have  y/ith  yop  Sir !  o'my  word  I  have  bold 
of  him.  Oh  it  is  a  great  logger-headed  Chub ; 
come,  hang  him  upon  that  willow  twig,  and 
let's  be  going.  But  turn  out  of  the  way  a  littfe^ 
good  fcholar,  towards  yonder  high  hone^fuckle 
liedge ;  there  we- 11  fit  and  f)ng,  whilft  this  fliower 
falls  fo  gently  upon  the  teeming  earth,  and  gives 
yft  a  fweeter  fmell  to  the  love)y  fjowers  that 
adorn  thefe  verdant  meadows. 

Look,  under  the  broad  beech-tree,  I  fat 
down,  when  i  was  laft  this  way  a  fifhing,  and 
the  birds  in  the  adjoining  grove  feemed  to  have 
a  friendly  contention  with  an  echo,  whofe  dead 
vpice  feemed  to  Jive  in  a  hollow  tree,  near  to  the 
brow  of  that  primrofc-hill ;  there  I  fat  Viewing 
the  filver  ftreams^lide  filently  towards  their  cen- 
ter, the  tempeftuous  fea ;  yet  fometimes  oppofed 
by  rugged  roots  and  pebble-ftones,  which  broke 
their  waves,  and  t.urhed  them  into  foam :  and 
fometimes  I  beguiled  time  by  viewing  the  harm- 
l/^s  lambs,  fome  leaping  fecurcly  in  the  cool 
^ade,  whilft  others  fported  themfelves  in  the 
chearful  fun  5  and*  faw  others  craving  comfort 
|rom  the  fwollcn  udders  of  their  bleating  dams. 
As  I  thus  fat,  thefe  and  other  fights  had  fo  fully 
' -  poflcft 


74  7"^  CoMPLETB  Angleii.    Pant, 

po£feft  my  fdul  with  content,  that  I  thought,  as 
the  poet  has  happily  expreft  it» 

iwas  for  that  time  lifted  above  earth ; 
And  pojfefi  joys  not  promised  in  my  birtb. 

As  I  left  this  place  and  entered  into  the  next 
field,  a  fecond  pleafure  entertained  me ;  'twas  a 
handfome  milk-maid,  that  had  not  yet  attained  fo 
much  age  and  wifdom  as  to  load  her  mind  with 
any  fears  of  many  things  that  will  never  be,  as 
too  many  men  too  often  do ;  but  ihe  caft  away 
all  care,  and  fung  like  a  nightingale ;  her  voice 
was  good,  and  the  ditty  fitted  for  it :  'twas  that 
imooth  fdng,  which  was  made  by  Kit  Matlow^ 
how  at  lead  fifty  years  ago :  and  the  milk- maid's 
mother  fung  an  anfwer  to  it,  which  was  made 
by  Sir  Waiter  Raleigb  in  his  younger  days. 

They  were  old-fa(hioned  poetry,  but  choice- 
ly good,  I  think  much  better  than  the  ftrong 
lines  that  are  now  in  fafhion  in  this  critical  age. 
Look  yonder !  on  my  word,  yonder  they  both 
be  a  milking  again.  I  will  give  her  the  Chub, 
and  perfuade  them  to  fing  thofe  two  fongs  to  us. 
.  God  fpeed  you,  good  woman,  I  have  been  a 
fifhing,  and  am  ^ing  to  Bleak-Hall^  to  my  bed, 
and  having  caught  more  fiih  than  will  fup  myfelf 
and  my  friend,  I  will  bellow  this  upon  you  and 
your  daughter,  for  I  ufe  to  fell  none. 

Mitk'W.  Marry  God  requite  you.  Sir,  and  we'll 
eat  it  chearfully ;  and  if  you  come  this  way  a 

•  Tlic  author  fccms  here  to  have  forgot  himfeJf;  for. 
Page  53,  he  fays  is  to  lodge  at  TroMhHaTl. 

fifhing 


Chap.  IV.  fhe  Complete  Angler.       75 

li(hing  two  months  hence,  a  grace  of  God  V\\ 
rive  you  a  fillabub  of  new  verjuice  in  a  new-made 
lay-cock  for  it,  and  my  Maudlin  (hall  ling  you 
one  of  her  beft  ballads ;  for  (he  and  I  both  lova 
all  anglers,  they  be  fuch  hone(t,  civil,  quiec 
men  *:  in  the  mean  time  will  you  drink  a  draught 
of  red  caw's  milk  ?  you  (hall  have  it  freely. 

Pifi.  No,  I  thank  you  -,  but  I  pray  do  us  a 
courtefy  that  (hall  (band  you  and  your  daughter 
in  nothing,  and  yet  we  will  think  ourfelves  (till 
fomething  in  your  debt :  it  is  but  to  (ing  us  a 
fong  that  was  fung  by  your  daughter  when  I 
lad  paft  over  this  meadow^  about  eight  or  n'me 
days  fince. 

Milk'W.  What  fong  was  it,  I  pray  I  Was  it. 
Come  Jbepberds  deck  your  herds  ?  or,  As  at  noon 
Dulcinea  rejled?  or,  Phillida^^/j  me  ?  or.  Chevy 
Chace  ?  or,  Johnny  Armftrong  ?  or,  Troy  Town  ? 

Pifc.  No,  it  is  none  of  thofe ;  it  is  a  fong, 
that  your  daughter  fung  the  firft  part,  and  you 
fung  the  anfwer  to  it. 

*  There  are  (bme  few  exceptions  to  this  charaAer  of  ang* 
lers :  the  greateft  and  moft  wonderftl  revolution  that  ever 
happened  in  any  date,  was  brought  about  by  s^n  angler;  I 
mean  that  in  NafUif  in  the  year  1647 :  concerning  which 
we  are  told.  That  *'  ayoungxnan»  aboot  twenty-four,  hap« 
**  pened  to  be  in  a  corner  of  the  great  market- place  at  Na* 
**  //</,  a  fprightly  man,  of  a  middle  ftature,  black-eved,  ra- 
**  ther  lean  than  fat,  having  a  fmall  tuft  of  hair ;  he  wore 
**  linen  flops,  a  blue  waiftcoat,  and  went  barefoot,  with  a 
'*  mariner's  cap ;  but  he  was  of  a  good  countenance,  flout 
**  and  lively  as  could  be.  His  profeflion  was  to  aMgb  fir 
**  liitli  fifli  with  a  cotti^  heek^  and  line.  His  name  was  Tc^ 
'*  mafi  Jnelhi  of  Amalji^  but  vulgarly  called  MafamielU.*^ 
£ee  the  hiftory  of  the  revolution  in  Naples^  by  Sig.  Alejfan^ 
Mo  Giraffi» 


y6  The  Complete  An^o^er.    Part'I* 

Milk-m.  O,  I  know  it  now,  I  learned  the 
firil  part  in  my  golden  age,  when  I  was  about 
the  age  of  my  poor  daughter ;  and  the  latter 
part,  which  indeed  fits  me  belt  now,  but  two  or 
three  years  ago,  when  the  cares  of  the  world 
began  to  take  hold  of  me;  but  youflialt,  God 
willing,  hear  them  both,  and  fung  as  well  as -we 
can„  for  we  both  love  anglers.  .  Come  Maudlin^ 
fing  the  firft  part  to  the  gentlemen  with  a  merrj^ 
heart,  wd  TU  fing  the  ^cond>  wjien  you  have 
done. 

The  Milk-Maip's  SONG. 

/^OME  live  with  me^  and  he  ny  I^vfy 
^     j4nd  we,  wll  all  the  pleasures  prove ^ 
^hat  valley 5y  groves^  or  hills^  or  fields    ~ 
Or  woods ^  aMfiee^  mot^ntainsjield, 

Where  we  wiUJit  Mpon  the  rocks ^ 
jind  fee  the  Jhepherds  feed  our  fipcks^ 
By  fballow  rivers^  to  whofe  falls ^ 
MeloMom  birds  Jing'fnadrigals. 

And  LwHl  fnake  thee. beds  pfrofes^ 
.   And  then  a  tbouf and  fragrant  poejies^ 
A  cap  of  flowers^  and  a  kirtk^ 
Embroidered  all  with  leaves  of  myrtle. 

Agown  mcidi  of  the  finefiwooly 
■ ,  Which  from  our  pretty  lambs  we  pull  \  :- 

•    Slippers  lin^d  choicely  for  the  cold^      ■    •  ' 

TVith  buckles  of  the  furefi  gold. 


..  'W 


J  i. 


r 


Ptib^AcoorAingto  AiftofTtaliwati^Jg. 


\ 


Chap.  IV.  The  Complete  Ajigler.       yf 

A  heU  ofjlraw  and  ivy-  huds^ 
With  coral  clafps  and  amber  Jiuds ; 
And  if  tbefe  pleafures  may  thee  move^ 
Come  live  wish  me  and  be  my  kve. 

Thy/! her  dijhesfor  thy  meat^ 

As  precious  as  the  gods  do  eat^ 

Shall  on  an  ivory  table  be^  ^ 

Prepared  each  day  for  thee  and  me. 

The  fiepherd-fwains  fhall  dance  andjtng^ 
For  thy  deUgbt  each  Mav  morning  : 
If  thefe  delights  thy  mind  may  move^ 
Then  live  with  me^  and  be  my  love  *• 

Ven.  Truft  mc>  matter,  it  is  a  choice  fong, 
and  fwcetly  fung  by  honeft  MaudUff.  I  now  fee 
it  was  not  without  caufe,  that  our  good  Queen 
Elizabeth  did  fo  often  wi(h  herfelf  a  milk-maid 
all  the  month  of  M^,  becaufe  they  are  not 
troubled,  with  fears  and  cares,  but  fing  fweetly 
all  the  day,,  and  fleep  lecurety  aH  the  night  r  and 
without  doubt,  honeft,  innocent,  pretty  MaudUm 
does  fo.  ni  beftow  Sir  Thomas  Overbury*s 
milk-maid's  wifli  upon  her,  "  That  fhe  may  die 
**  in  the  fpring,  and  being  dead,  may  have  good 

•  Dr.  Warhurtimi  in  his  notes  on  The  Merry  Tfl<ues  cf 
Windfbr»  afcribes  this  fong  to  Sbake/peare :  it  is  trae»  Sir 
Hugh  Evans,  in  the  third  aftof  that  play,  iinffs  four  lines  of 
U ;  and  it  is  m-inted  in  a  colle&ion  of  poems  faid  to  be  Shake" 
/peare'Sf  puDiifli^d  bctweea  tw^my  md  thifty  years  after  his 
death ;  bat  the  authority  of  that  colleAion'^as  ever  been 
queilioned.  On  the  contrary,  Walton  has  juft  faid  it  waa 
foade  by  Kit  Marlow,  a  poet  well  known  at  that  time. 
Ti)e  reader  will  judge  of  tkefe  authorities  as  he  pleafts^ 

yC^  ^^  t^TK^  ^-f^^^  M^^ffur^^  >•  ftorc 


yS  7i6tf  CowPLETE  Anguer;    Parti. 

^^^  (tore  of  flowers  ftuck  round  about  her  wind* 
-**  ing  flicct  *." 

The  Milk-Maid's  M6thir*s  Anfwer. 

TF  all  the  wtftld  and  love  were  youngs 
-*     And  truth  in  every  Jhepherdfs  tongue^ 
Thefe  pretty  pleafures  might  me  move 
To  Hve  with  thee^  and  he  thy  love. 

But  time  drives  flocks  from  field  to  fold, 
When  rivers  rage,  and  rocks  grow  cold, 
Then  Philomiel  becometh  dumb^ 
And  age  complains  of  care  to  come^ 

The  flowers  do  fade ^  and  wanton  fields 
To  wayward  winter  reckoning  yields^ 
A  bettey  tongUBy  4  heart  of  ga% 
Is  fanty^ s  fpringy  but  firrew^s  fall. 

Tl^  gowns y  thyfhoes^  thy  beds  ofrofeSy 
Thy  c^p^  thy  kirtle^  and  thy  foefies^ 
9oon  brmki  foon  wither y  foon  forgotten^ 
Jh  folly  ripey  in  reafon  rotten. 

Tky  heit  of  ftrOWy  and  ivy  buds y 
Thy  oeral  cUfpsy  and  amber  fludsy 
AUthefe  in  me  no  means  can  movCy 
To  come  to  theey  and  be  thy  love. 

Whatjhould  we  talk  of  dainties  tben^ 
<^  better  medf  iha^sfitfor  men  f 

•,  ^vt^homu  0<uerhiiry%  CharaBer  of  a  f^r  and  bafjg 
Jt/Z/iriTTo/V,  printed  with  liis  iCf/>y  in  izmo,  i^/5« 

neft 


Chap.  IV,  The  Complete  AhglerV      79 

Thefe  are  but  vmn  \  tbafsenfygoed 
WMcb  Gcd  balb  bUft^  and fenifmr foed. 

But  ccuU  youth  U^^  and  Iweftill  breeds 
Had  joys  no  date^  nor  age  no  need ; 
Then  ebofe  delights  wy  mind  migbi  mopt^ 
'  To  live  with  tbee^  and  be  iiy  Jove* 

Mother.  Well,  I  Have  done  ttiy  fong;  but 
ftay,  honed  anglers,  for  I  will  make  Maudlin 
to  fing  you  one  (hort  fong  more.  Mondlin^  fing 
that  fong  that  you  fung  laft  night,  when  young 
Corydon  the  (hepherd  played  to  purely  on  his 
oaten  pipe  to  you  and  your  coufiin  Betty. 

Maud.  I  will,  mother. 

T  Married  a  wife  oflate^ 
*     The  maris  my  unhappy  fate  : 

I  married  her  for  kve^ 

As  my  fancy  did  me  mave^ 
And  not  for  a  worldly  eftate. 

But  oh  !  the  green  fuknefs 
Soon  changed  her  likenefs  % 
And  all  her  beauty  did  fail. 
But  *tis  notfoy 
With  tbofe  thai  go^ 
Thro^  frofl  and  fmw^ 
As  all  men  kndw^ 
And  carry  the  mOung-pail. 

Fife.  Well  fung,  good  woman  \  I  thadc  you  \ 
VW  give  you  another  dilh  of  fiQi  one  of  tliefe 
days,  and  then  beg  another  fong  of  you.  Come, 
^i;:holar,  let  Maudlin  aloM  \  dg  not  yoa  offer  vo 

^        ^oil 


So  The  Complete  Angier.    Par t  L 

fpoil  her  voice.  Look,  yonder  comes  mifie 
hoftefs,  to  call  us  to  fupper.  How  now  \  is  my 
brother  Pefer  come  ? 

Hojtefs.  Yes,  and  a  friend  with  him  %  they  aire 
both  glad  to  hear  that  you  are  in  thefe  parts^  and 
long  to  fee  you,  and  long  to  be  at  fupper,  for 
they  be  very  hungry?  . 


m0m^iimmm>0m0tittittm^mmttmimmmmmmmmmmi^m^fmmmmmtmm^^tm 


•      '     C  HAP.    V. 

More  DtreSiions  how  to^Jh  for,  and  bow  to 
^    make  for  the  Trout  an  Artificial  Min- 
now and  Flies,  with  fome  merriment. 

PiSCATOR. 

WELL  met,  brother  FeUr ;  I  hear  you 
and  a  friend  would  lodge-here  to  night/ 
and  that  hath  made  me  to  bring  my 
friend  to  lodge  here  too.  My  friend  is  one 
that  would  fain  be  a  brother  of  the  angle  ;  he 
hath  been  an  angler  but  this  day,  and  I  have 
taught  him  how  tp  catch  a  Chub  by  daping 
with  a  gra(hopper,  and  the  Chub  he  caught  was 
a  lufty  one  of  nineteen  inches  long.  But,  pray 
brother  Peter^  who  is  your  companion  ? 

Peter.  Brother  Pifcator^  my  friend  is  an  ho- 
ned countryman,  and  his  name  is  Corydon^  and 
he  is  a  downright  witty  companion,  that  met  me 
here  purpofcly  to  be  pleafanr  and  eat  a.  Trout, 
•  and  I  have  not  yet  wetted  my  line  fince  we  met 
together ;  but  I  hope  to  fit  him  with  a  Trout 
foj:  his  -brcakfaft,  for  V\\  be  early  yp, 


Ghap.  V.   tke  CoiArtftt  Akclbr.        5r 
Pif.  Nay,  brother,  you  fiiall  not  ftay  fo  long : 
for  look  ]<ou  here  is  a 


Witt  611  CiX  rearonable  bellies.  Cdme,  hoftefs. 
dreft  it  prefently,  and  get  Us  what  oiher  meat 
the  houfe  wilt  afibrd,  ahd  give  us'  fdme  of  your 
beft  barley-wine,  the  good  liquor  that  our  honeft 
fore-fathers  did  ufc  to  drink  of  j  the  drink  which 
prefcrved  thcit  health,  and  made  th*irt  live  fo' 
long,  and  to  do'  &>  many  good  deeds.  ■    - 

Feter.  0*my  wbrd,  this  Trout  is  perfe£l  in 
ftfiCof).  Gome,  1  thank  you,  and  here  is  a 
hearty  draught  to  yoil,  and  to  all  the  brothers  of 
the  ArigW  wher^foever  they  be,  and  to  my  young 
bfOther's  good  fortune  to-morrow  :  I  will  fiirnim 
him  with  a  rod,  if  youwil!  futnifh  him  with  the 
reft  o^  this  tackling  J  *e  will  ftt  hinii  up  and 
make  hirti  a  Fifher. 

And  I  *viH  teil'him  bfie  thing  fot"  his  cricou- 

rigeaient,  thit  his  ftff tune  hath  made  him  hajipy 

to  be  fchoUr  to  fuch  a  mafter  *,  a  maftet  that 

G  knows 


82        .  The  CdMPtTTE  Akoler.    Part  i« 

knows  as  much  both  of  the  nature  and  breeding 
of  fi(h  as  any  man  :  and  can  alfo  tell  hinyas  weH 
how  to  catch  an4  cook  them,,  from  the  Minnow 
to  the  Salmon,  as  any  that  I  ever  met  withaL 

Pifc.  Truft  me,  brother  Peier^  I  find  jnf 
fcholar  to  be  fo  fuitable  to  my  own  humour^ 
which  is  to  be  free  and  pleafant,  and  civilly 
merry,  that  my  refolution  is  to  hide  nothing  tha€ 
1  know  from  him.  Believe  me,  fcholar,  this 
is  my  refolution  5  and  fo  here's  to  you  a  hearty 
draught,  and  to  all  that  love  us^  and  the  hdneft 
art  of  Angling. 

Fen.  Truft  me,  good  matter,  you  (hall  not 
fow  your  feed  in  barren  ground,  for  I  hope  to 
return  you  an  increafe  anfwerable  to  your  hopes  ; 
but  however  you  (hall  find  me  obedient,  and 
thankful,  and  ferviceable  to  my  beft  ability. 

Pifc.  'Tis  enough,  honeft  fcholar,  come, 
let's  to  fupper.  Come  my  friend  Condon^  this 
Trout  looks  lovely,  it  was  twenty- two  inches 
when  it  was  taken,  and  the  belly  of  it  looked 
fome  part  of  it  as  yellow  as  a  marigold,  and 
part  of  it  as  white  as  a  lilly,  and  yet,  methinks^ 
it  looks  better  in  this  good  fauce. 

Cor.  Indeed  honeft  friend,  it  looks  well,  and 
taftes  well ;  I  thank  you  for  it,  and  fo  doth  my 
friend  Peter^  or  elfe  he  is  to  blame. 

Pet.  Yes,  and  fo  I  do,  we  all  thank  you,  ^nd 
when  we  have  fupped,  I  will  gctjny  friead  Cm- 
{Utt  to  fing  you  a  fong  for  requital. 

Cor.  I  will  fing  a  long,  if  any  body  will  fing 
another  *,  elfe,  to  be  plain  with  you,  I  will  fing 
none :  I  am  none  of  thofe  that  fing  for  meat,  but 
for  company :  I  fay,  *'Tis  merry  in  hdll^  when 
men^ng  alU 

3  Pifc. 


Ohap.  V.   The  Complete  AkglCh.        83 

Pifci  ril  promifc  you  I'll  fing  a  fpng  that  was 
lately  made  at  my  rcqucft,  by  Mr.  tyUliam  B^Jf^i  \ 

one  that  bath  mado^  the  choice  fongs  of  the 
Hunter  in  his  career^  and  of  Totn  of  Bedlam^  and     . 
rnany  others  of  note  --,  and  this  that  I  will  fing, 
is  in  praife  of  Arigling. 

Cor,  And  then  mine  ihall  be  the  praife  of  a 
eountry-man's  life  :  What  will  the  reft  fing  of  ? 

Pet.  I  will  promife  youj  I  will  fing  another 
fong  in  praife  of  Angling  to* morrow  night,  for 
^e  will  not  part  till  then,  but  fi(h  to-morrow, 
and  fap  together,  and  the  rwrxt  day  every  man 
leave  fifhing,  and  fall  to  his  btifincfs. 

Venat.  'Tis  a  match,  1  will  provide  vou  z 
fong  or  a  catch  againft  then  too,  which  (hall 
give  fome  addition  of  mirth  to  the  company  5 
for  we  will  be  ciril  and  as  merry  as  beggart. 

Pifc.  'Tis  a  match  my  matters,  let's  e'en  fey 
grace,  ahd  turn  to  tlie  fire,  drink  the  other  cup 
to  wet  our  whirAles,  and  lb  fing  away  a]}  kd 
thoughts. 

Cort)e  on,  frty  mafters^  whx>  b^g^h^  ?  I  think  it 
js  beft  to  draw  cuts,  and  avoid  contention. 

Pet.  It  is  a  match.  Look  the  fliortert  cut 
falls  to  Coridon. 

Cor*  Well  thdri,  1  will  begin,  for  1  hate  co»- 
iention. 

Cofti6o<j*s  S  ONO- 

iQ  H  ibefweet  cdntentmeHt 
^  TJbi  countryman  doth  find  / 

Jieigb  trolollie  loUie  Ue 

Heigh  trolollie  kllie  lee^ 
^bat  quiet  contemplaHm 
Pd£e£eth  all  my  mind : 

G  i  Tlien 


i 


S4  yj^  CoMFt.ETE  Angler.    PartL 

Then  care  away. 

And  wend  along  with  irie» 

Tot  courts  are  full  of  flattery^ 
As  hath  too  oft  bun  tried  \ 

Heigh  trohlUe  hUie  loe^  ^c. 
.,  ^he  city  full  of  wantomefs^ 
And  both  are  full  of  pride : 

Then  care  away,  &c. 

But  oh  the  bonefl  countryman 
Speaks  truly  from  his  hearty 

Heigh  trolollie  lollie  loe^  &c. 
His  pride  is  in  his  tillage^ 
'  His  hdrfes  and  his  cart : 

Then  care  away,  &c. 

Our  chatUng  is  good  fieep-Jkins^ 
Cray  ruffe t  for  our  wives ^ 

Heigh  trolollie  lollie  loCj  £f?r. 
^Tis  warmth  and  not  gay  cloathingj 
That  doth  prolong  our  lives : 

Then  care  away,.  &c. 

The  ploughman^  tbo*  be  labour  hardy 
Tet  on  the  hofy-dayy 

Hei^h  trolollie  lollie  loe^  ^c. 
Ko  emperor  fo  merrily 
Does  pafs  his  time  away  r 
Then  care  away,  &c. 

To  recompmfe  our  tillage^  , 

The  heavens  afford  usfhowers% 

Heigh  trolollie  lollie  he,  ^c. 
And  for  our  fweet  refrefhments 
The  earth  affords  us  bowers  \ 

Then  care  away,  &c. 

The 


Chap.  V.  Th  Complete  Anclbr.        i§ 

Tie  cuckow  and  She  nightingale^ 
Full  merrily  dojing^ 

Heigh  trolollie  JolUe  loe^  C^c. 
Jnd  with  tbfir  pleafant  roundeUys 
Bid  welcome  io  ihejpring  : 

Then  care  away,  Sec. 

This  is  not  half  the  happinefs 
The  countryman  enjoys ; 

Heigh  trolollie  lollie  loe^  6f r. 
Tho*  others  think  they  hofve  as  mucb^ 
Tet  he  that  fays  fo  lies  : 

Then  come  away. 

Turn  counfryiBan  with  me. 

Jo.  Chalkhill  *. 

Pifc.  Well  fung  Coridony  this  fong  was  fung 
with  mettle ;  and  ic  was  choicely  fitted  to  the  oc- 
cafion ;  1  ihall  love  you  for  it  as  lone  as  I  know 
you  ;  I  would  you  were  a  brother  of  the  angle* 
for  a  companion  that  is  chearful,  and  free  from 
fwearing  and  fcurrilous  difcourfe,  is  worth  gold. 
I  love  fuch  mirth  as  does  not  make  friends 
afhamed  to  look  upon  one  another  next  morning  ; 
nor  men  that  cannot  well  bear  it,  to  repent  the 
money  they  fpend  when  they  be  warmed  with 
drink  :  and  take  this  for  a  rule,  you  may  pick 
out  fuch  times  and  fuch  companies,  that  you  may 
make  yourfelvcs  merrier  for  a  little  than  a  great 
deal  of  money-,  for  "  'Tis  the  company  and  ilbt 
**  the  charge  that  makis  the  feaft  :**  and  fuch  a 
companion  y6^^  prove,  I  thank  you  for  it. 

.,  ^  •         •  • 

*  yohn  CbalkhiUf  Efq;  o(  whom  mention  is  made  in  the 

author's  life. 

G  3  But 


\6       '  fbe  Cqmi^lete  An'gler.     Part t? 

tiup  I  will  not  pornf  Ument  you  ojijt  of  the  debt 
that  I  owe  yod,  and  therefore  I  will  begin  my 
ibng,  and  wifli  it  may  be  fo  well  liked. 

The  A  N  G  L  E  r's  S  P  N  G. 

ji  S  inward  love  hneds  outward  talk^ 
•T^  The  hpund fame praife^  andfome  the  hawk  : 
Some  better  pleased  witip  private  fpqrt^ 
Ufi  tennis^  Jome  a  mijlrefs  court : 

But  tbcfe  delights  I  neither  wijb^ 

Nor  envy  ^  while  I  freely  fijh^^ 

Who  hunts^  doth  aft  in  danger  ride ; 
Ji^ho  hawks,  lures  oft  both  far  and  wide*^ 
Who  ufcs  games  fhall  often  prove 
A  lofer  \  but  who  falls  i^  love^ 

Js  fettered  in  fond  Cupid'^  fnare : 

My  angk  breeds  me  no  fuch  care. 

Of  recreation  there  is  none 
$9  free  asfifhing  is  alone ; 
All  Qthar  pajiimes  do  no  lefs 
fThan  mind  and  body  both  pojfefs : 

My  hand  alone  my  work  cm  dci^ 

Sp  I  canffb  an4fludy  too. 

I  care,  not y  /,  tofifbinfeasy 
Frefb  rivtrs  hefi  my  mind  do  pleafe ; . 
4Hyofefw^M  calm  courfe  I  contemplate^^ 
Andfeek  in  life  to  imitate : 

In  civil  bounds  I  fain  would  keep^ 

Atdfor  my  paji  offences  weep. 


jMd 


Chap.  V.  The  Complitb  Anolee.  .      87 

^d  when  the  timorous  Troui  I  wait 

7<0  take^  and  be  devours  my  bMt^ 

How  poor  a  thing  fometiMs  Ifind^ 

Will  captivate  a  greedy  mind : 

And  when  none  bite^  Ipraife  the  wife^ 
Whom  vain  allurements  n^erfurprifep 

JButyet  ibo'  while  Ifijb  Jfaft^ 

I  make  good  fortune  my  repaft^ 

And  thereunto  my  friend  invite^ 

Jn  whom  I  more  than  that  delight  t  ' 

Who  is  more  welcome  to  my  dijb^ 

Than  to  my  angle  wasmyfjb. 

'  As  ^ell  content  no  prize  to  take^ 
Asufe  of  taken  prize  to  make  : 
JForfo  our  Lord  was  pleafed  when 
flefijbers  madefijhers  of  men : 

jVhere^  which  is  in  no  other  game^ 
^  A  man  mayfifh  andpraife  his  name. 

ffhefirft  men  that  our  Saviour  dear 

JXd  chufe  to  wait  upon  him  here, 

Bleftffiers  were^  andfifb  the  laft 

J^ood  was  J  that  he  on  earth  did  tajle. 
I  therefore  Jirive  to  fellow  thofe J 
Whom  he  to  follow  him  hath  chofe,  ^ 

» 

Cor.  Well  fiing  brother,  you  have  paid  your 
debt  IB  good  coin  ^  we  Anglers  are  all  beholding 
CO  the  good  man  that  made  this  fong.  Con:ie» 
hollefs,  ^ive  us  more  ^le,  and  let's  drink  to 
him, 

G  4  And 


^o  The  CoMPLiTE  Angler.    Parti. 

or  lob-worm  *,  which  of  all  others  is  the  mofl: 
excellent  bait  for  a  Salmon ;  and  too  many  to 
name,  even  as  many  forts  as  fome  think  there  be 
of  fcveral  herbs  or  (hrubs,  or  of  feveral  kinds  of 
birds  in  the  air  j  of  which  I  (hall  fay  no  more, 
but  tell  you,  that  what  worms  foever  you  filh 
with,  are  the  better  for  being  well  fcourcd,  %hzt 
16,  long  kept  before  they  be  ufed  :  and  in  cafe* 
you  have  not  been  fo  provident,  then  the  way  to 
cleanfe  and  fcour  them  quickly,  is  to  put  them 
all  night  in  water,  if  they  be  lob- worms,  and 
then  put  them  into  your  bag  with  fennel ;  bup 
you  muft  not  put  your  brandlings  above  an  hour 
in  water,  and  then  put  them  into  fennel  forfud-, 
den  ufe :  but  if  you  have  time,  and  purpofe  to 
keep  them  long,  then  they  be  beft  preferved  ir^ 
an  earthen  pot  with  good  (lore  of  mofs,  wl^icti 

*  To  avoid  confufion,  it  may  be  neceiTary  to, remark, 
that  the  fame  kind  of  worm  is,  in  different  places*  known  1>y 
different  names  :  thus  the  marfh  and  the  meadow-worm » 
zrt  the  fame  ;  and  the  lob-worm,  or  twachel,  is  alfo  calls 
ed  the  >lew-worm  ;  and  the  garden-worm,  aQd  tj^e  doickr 
worm,  18,  in  fome  places,  called  ttie  flag-worm. 

The  tag-tail  is  tonnd  in  March  and  Aprils  in  marled 
lands  or  meadows,  after  k  ihower  of  rain,  or  in  9  mornr 
sue,  when  the  weather  is  calm,  a^d  not  cold. 

To  find  the  oak- worm,  beat  on  an  oak-tree,  that  grows 
over  a  highway  or  bare  place,  and  they  will  fall  for  you  to 
gather. 

To  find  the  dock- worm,  go  to  an  old  pond  or  pit,  an4 
pull  up  fome  of  the  flags ;  fliake  the  roots  in  the  water,  an4 
amongft  the  fibres  that  grow  from  the  roots  yo»  will  fin4 
little  bulks,  or  cafes,  of  areddiflioryelloiviihcoloar;  open 
thefe  carefully  with  a  pin,  and  take  from  thence  a  little  worm, 
pak  and  yellow,  or  white,  like  a  gentle,  but  longer  ana 
Aenderer,  with  rows  of  feet  down  his  bellyi  and  arraheadr 
this  is  the  dock  or  flag- worm.  An  excellent  bait  for  Cray-* 
ling,  Tench,  Bream,  Carp,  Roach  and  Dace, 


Chap.  y.  The  Complete  Angler.        91 

js  to  be  frcfh  every  three  or  four  days  in  futn- 
mer,  and  every  week  or  eight  days  in  winter  \ 
pr  at  leaft  the  tpofs  taken  from  them,  and  clean 
wafhed,  and  wrung  betwixt  yqur  hands  till  it  be 
flry,  and  then  put  it  to  them  again.  And  when 
your  worms,  elpecially  the  brandling,  begins  to 
jbe  fick  and  lofe  of  his  bignefs,  then  you  may  re? 
cover  him,  by  putting  a  little  milk  or  cream, 
about  a  fpponfui  in  a  day,  into  them,  by  drops 
on  the  mofs  ^  and  if  there  be  added  to  the  cream 
an  egg  beaten  and  boiled  in  it,  then  it  will  both 
fatten  and  prefcrve  them  long  *.  And  note,  that 
when  the  knot,  which  is  near  to  the  middle  of 
{the  brandling,  begins  to  fwell,  then  he  is  flck  % 
and,  if  he  be  not  well  looked  to,  is  near  dying. 
And  for  mofs,  you  are  to  note,  that  there  be 
jdivers  kinds  of  it  -f ,  which  I  could  name  to  you, 
but  will  only  tell  you,  that  that  which  is  likeft 
a  buck's- horn  is  tpe  bed,  except  it  be  foft  white 
mofs,  which  grows  on  fome  heaths,  and  is  hard 
tp  be  found.  And  note,  that  in  a  very  dry  time, 
yhen  you  are  put  to  an  extremity  for  worms, 
yyrainut-tr^e  leaves  fqueezed  into  water,  or  fait 

^  The  foUowing  is  alfo  an  excellent  way,  viz.  Take  a  piece 
pfliop-facky  or  other  Terv  coarfe  tloth,  and  wafii  it  clean; 
and  let  it  dry  ;  then  wet  it  in  the  liqaor  wherein  beef  has 
been  boileil ;  but  be  carefiil  that  the  beef  is  frefh,  for  fait 
will  kill  the  worms,  and  wring  it,  but  not  quite  dry ;  pat 
the  worms  into  this  cloth,  analay  them  in  an  earthen  pot, 
and  let  them  ftand  from  morning  till  night ;  then  take  the 
l^orms  from  the  cloth,  and  waih  it,  and  wet  it  again  in  fome 
of  the  liqnor  :  do  thns  once  a  day,  and  yon  may  keep  worms 
in  perfed  health,  and  fit  for  nfe,  for  near  a  month. 

Obferve  that  the  lob-worm,  marfii-worm,  and  red- 
worm,  will  bear  morefconring  than  any  others,  and  are 
better  for  long  keeping. 

i^  Cfatoralifts  reckon  above  two  hundred. 

in 


gz  ST'^  C(>MPLE,TE  Angler.    Parti. 

in  water,  to  make  it  bitter  or  fait,  and  then  that 
water  poured  on  the  ground,  where  you  JDhall  fee 
worms  are  ufed  to  rife  in  the  night,  will  make 
them  to  appear  above  ground  prefently.  And  you 
may  take  notice,  fome  fay  that  camphire  put  in- 
to your  bag  with  your  mofs  and  worms,  gives 
them  a  ftrong  and  fo  tempting  a  fnlell,  that  the 
fifb  fare  the  worfe  and  you  the  better  for  it. 

And  now  I  fhall  Ihew  you  how  to  bait  your 
hook  with  a  worm,  fo  as  (hall  prevent  you  from 
much  trouble,  and  the  lofs  of  many  a  hook  too, 
when  you  fi(h  for  a  Trout  with  a  running-line  *  5 
that  is  to  fay,  when  you  fifli  for  him  by  hand  at 
the  ground :  I  will  dired  you  in  this  ais  plainly  as 
I  can,  that  you  may  not  miftake. 

Suppofe  it  to  be  a  big  lob- worm,  put  your  hook 
into  him  fomewhat  above  the  middle,  and  out 
^ain  a  little  below  the  middle  :  having  fo  done, 
draw  your  worm  above  the  arming  of  your  hook; 
but  note,  that  at  the  entring  of  your  Hook  it 
muft  not  be  at  the  head-end  of  the  worm,  but 
{Jt  the  tail-end  of  him,  that  the  point  of  your 
fiook  may  come  out  toward  the  head- end,  and 

*  The  ronning-lioe,  ib  tailed  bectufe  it  runs  a!o&g  the 
'  groondy  is  made  ofilroDg  iiJk,  which  yott  may  buy  at  the 
fiihtng-tackle  ihops.;  hut  I  prefer  haii:,  sls  being  leB  apt  to 
tangle,  and  is  thu^  fitted  up.  Aboat  ten  inches  from  the 
end  faden  a  fmaU  cleft  ihoc ;  then  make  a  hole  through  a 
piJlol  or  muiket- bullet,  according  to  the  fwiftnefs  or  the 
llream  you  £ih  in,  and  pat  the  line  through  It,  and  draw  the 
Imllet  down  to  the  ihot :  to  the  end  of  your  line  fa(!en  aa 
/W/^Tff  grafs,  or  filk-worm-g-ut,  with  a  large  hook  :  or  you 
may,  inilead  of  a  bullet,  £x  four  large  (hot,,  at  thediilance 
of  eight  inches  from  the  hook.  The  running-line  is  ufed 
for  Trout,  Gray  ling,  and  Salnion^fnielts,  and  is  proper 
oiily  for  iVreams  and  rapid  waters.     See  Part  II.  CHap.  11. 

haviog 


Chap.  V.  The  Complete  Angler.        93 

having  drawn  him  above  the  arming  of  your 
'  hook,  then  put  the  point  of  your  hook  again 
into  the  very  head  of  the  worm,  till  it  come 
near  to  the  place  where  the  point  of  the  hook 
firft  came  out ;  and  then  draw  back  that  part  of 
the  worm  that  was  above  the  (bank  or  arming 
of  your  hook,  and  fo  Bfh  with  it.  And  if  you 
mean  to  fifli  with  two  worms,  then  put  the  fe- 
cond  on  before  you  turn  back  the  hook's-hcad 
of  the  firft  worm ;  you  cannot  lofe  above  two  or 
three  worms  before  you  attain  to  what  I  direft 
you  ;  and  having  attained  it,  you  will  find  it 
'  very  ufeful,  and  thank  me  for  it,  for  you  will 
run  on  the  ground  without  tangling. 

Now  for  the  minnow  or  penk ;  he  is  noteaHly 
found  and  caught  till  March^  or  in  ylpril^  for 
t^en  he  appears  firft  in  the  river,  nature  having 
taught  him  to  (helter  and  hide  Iiimfelf  in  the 
winter  in  ditches  that  be  near  to  the  river,  and 
there  both  to  hide  and  keep  himfelf  warm  in  the 
mud  or  in  the  weeds,  which  ret  not  fo  foon  as 
in  a  running  river;  in  which  place  if  he  were  in 
winter,  the  diftempercd  floods  that  are  ufuaily  in 
that  feafon,  would  fufFcr  him  to  take  no  reft, 
but  carry  him  headlong  to  mills  and  wears  to 
his  confufion.  And  ot  thefe  minnows,  firft  you 
are  to  know,  that  the  biggcft  fize  is  not  the  beft  • 
and  next,  that  the  middle  fize  and  the  whiteft  are 
the  beft :  and  then  you  are  to  know,  that  your 
minnow  muft  be  fo  put  on  your  hook,  that  it  muft 
turn  round  when  *tis  drawn  againft  the  ftrcam ; 
and  that  it  may  turn  nimbly,  you  muft  put  it  on 
a  big-fized  hook,  as  I  (hall  now  dired  you,  which 
is  thus.  Put  your  hook  in  at  his  mouth  and  out  at 
his  gill,  then  having  drawn  your  hook  two  or  three 
inches  beyond  or  through  his  gill,  put  it  again 

into 


14  ^^^  CoM^tKTE  Anglrr.    Pmh 

into  his  mouth,  and  the  point  and  beard  out  at 

his  tail,^  and   then   tie  the  hook  and  his  tail^ 

•         <  ■  It 

about  very  neatly  with  a  white  thready  which  will 
make  it  the  apter  to  turn  quick  in  the  water  :' 
that  done^  pull  back  that  part  of  yoOr  line  whkh 
was  flack  when  you  did  put  your  hook  into  the 
minnow  the  fecond  tiniie  ;  I  fay^  pull  that  part  of 
your  line  back  fo  that  it  fliall  faften  the  bead,  fcf 
that  the  body  of  the  minnow  (hall  be  almofS 
ftrait  on  your  hook  v  this  donc^  try  how  Id 
will  turn  by  drawing  it  erofs  the  water  or  againft 
a  fLream4  and  if  it  do  not  turn  nimbly,  then  turn 
the  tail  a  little  to  the  right  or  left  hand,  and  try 
again  till  it  turn  quick  •,  for  if  not,  you  are  irt 
danger  to  catch  nothing-,  for  know,  that  it  is- 
impoflible  that  it  ftiould  turn  too  quick :  and  yoa 
are  yet  to  know,  that  in  cafe  you  want  a  minnow, 
then  a  fmall  loach  or  a  ftickle*bag-  oj*  any  other 
fmall  fith  that  will  turn  quick,  will  ferve  ^s  well. 
And  you  are  yet  to  know,  that  you  may  fait 
them,  and  by  that  mean^  keep  them  ready  and 
fit  for  ufe  three  or  four  days,  or  longer,  and  thaB 
of  fait,  bay-falt  is  the  beft. 

And  here  let  me  tell  you,  what  many  old 
Anglers  know  right  well,  that  at  fome  times,  ancJ 
in  fome  waters,  a  minnow  is  not  to  be  got;  m6 
therefore  kt  me  tell  you,  I  have,  which  I  wilt 
Ihew  to  you,  an  artificial  minnow,  that  m\i 
catch  a  Trout  as  well  as  an  artificial  fiy  ;  and  i£ 
was  made  by  a  handfome  woman  that  had  a  finer 
hand,  and  a  live  minnow  lying,  by  her:  th<$ 
mould  or  body  of  the  minnow  was  cloth,  and^ 
wrought  upon  or  over  it  thus  with  a  needle:  the; 
back  of  it  with  very  fad  French  green  filk,  and' 
paler  green  filk  towards  the  belly,  fliadowed  as* 
perfectly  as  you  can  imagine,  j;uft  as  you  fee  a) 

mrtfrigW  i 


Chap.  V.  ^be  Complete  A^gI^r.        ^3 

minnow ;  the  belly  was  wrought  alfo  with  a 
needle,  and  it  was  a  part  of  it  white  (ilk,  and 
another  part  of  it  with  filvcr  thread  \  the  tail 
and  fins  were  of  a  quill,  which  was  (haven  thin } 
the  eyes  were  of  two  little  black  beads^  and  the 
head* was  fo  (badowed,  and  all  of  it  fo  curioufly 
wrought,  and  fo  exactly  difTembled,  that  it 
would  beguile  any  (harp-(ighted  Trout  in  a  fwifc 
iiream.  And  this  minnow  I  will  now  (hew  you  ; 
look,  here  it  is :  and  if  you  like  it,  lend  it  you, 
to  have  two  or  three  made  by  it,  for  they  be 
eaQly  carried  about  an  Angler,  and  be  of  excel- 
lent ufe  ;  for  note,  that  a  large  Trout  will  come 
as  fiercely  at  a  minnow,  as  the  higheft  mettled 
hawk  doth  fcizeon  a  partridge,  or  a  grey-hound 
on  a  hare.  I  have  been  told,  that  160  minnows 
have  been  found  in  a  Trout's  belly  ;  cither  the 
Trout  had  devoured  fomany,  or  the  miller  that 

gave  it  a  friend  of  mine  had  forced  them  down 
is  throat  after  he  had  taken  him. 
No>y  for  flies,  which  are  the  third  bait  where- 
with Trouts  are  ufually  taken.  You  are  to 
know,  that  there  are  as  many  forts  of  flies  as 
there  be  of  fruits :  I  will  name  you  but  fome  of 
them,  as  the  dun-fly,  the  (lone-fly,  the  red-fly, 
the  moor-fly,  the  tawny- fly,  the  (hell- fly,  the 
cloudy' or  black-fly,  the  flag-fly,  the  vine-fly: 
there  be  of  ilies,  caterpillars,  and  canker-flies, 
and  bear- flies,  and  indeed  too  many  either  for 
me  to  name  or  for  you  to  remember:  and 
their  breeding  is  fo  various  and  wonderful,  that 
I  might  eafily  amaze  myfelf,  and  tire  you  in  a- 
relation  of  them. 

And  yet  1  will  exerciic  your  promifed  patience 
by  faying  a  little  of  the  caterpillar,  or  the  pal- 
mer* 


g6  Slt^  CoMPLEtB  Angler.    Pirt  L 

mer-fly  oft  worm,  that  by  them  you  may?  guefs 
what  a  work  it  were  in  a  difcourfe  but  to  run 
over  thofc  very  many  flies,  worms,  and  little 
living  creatures,  with  which  the  fun  and  fummci' 
adorn  and  beautify  the  river,  banks,  and  mea- 
dows, both  for  the  recreation  and  contemplation 
of  us  Anglers ;  pleafUres  which,  I  think,  myfelf 
enjoyed  more  than  any  other  man  that  ii  not  of 
my  profeflion. 

Pliny  holds  an  opinion,  that  many  have  their 
birth  or  being  from  a  dew  that  in  the  fprifig  falls 
upon  the  leaves  of  trees  -,  and  that  fome  kinds  of 
them  are  from  a  dew  left  upon  herbs  or  flowers ; 
and  others  from  a  dew  left  upon  coleworts  or 
cabbages.  All  which  kinds  of  dews  being 
thickened  and  condenfed,  are  by  the  fun's  gene- 
rative heat  moft  of  them  hatched,  and  in  three 
days  made  living  creatures  *  -,  and  thefc  of  feveral 
ihapes  and  colours  ;  fome  being  hard  and  tough^ 
fome  fmooth  and  foft ;  fome  are  horned  in  their 
head,  fome  in  their  tail,  fome  have  none :  fome 
have  hair,  fome  none :  fome  have  fixteen  feet, 
fome  lefs,  and  fome  have  none  5  but,  as  oui* 
,,.__._  Topfel  hath,  with  great  diHgencd 
i}trf£?    oblerved,  thofe  which  bavd  riorte, 

move  upon  the  earth,  or  Upon  brdad 
leaves,  their  motion  being  not  unlike  to  the  waves? 
of  the  fca.  Some  of  them  he  alfo  obfer^^tfs  to  be' 
bred  of  the  eggs  of  other  caterpillars,  arid  that 

'  •*Tb«  do£lrineof  fpontaneou$  ot  equivoetl generation,  is' 
imWvnS^vfally  exploded }  and  all  the  t)teRdfrte)j^a  ^al  (ednl 
to  fupport  it,  are  accounted  for  on  other  principles.  Siee 
Utrbaiii^^^hyf,  ^heoL  Chap.  15.  and  the  authorities  there 
cited.  As  alfo  Mr.  Ray\  ^ifdom  of  God manjfefiei  in  thi 
^mrkt  of  the  crfotion,  298.  and  Fratu.  Rgdt  di  (Jtn.  InfiB. 

*  thofe 


Ghap,  V.    J'j^)?. Complete  Angler.        97 

thofe  in  their  time  turn  to  be  butterflies:  and 
again,  that  their  eggs  turn  the  following  year  to 
be  caterpifllars  *.  And  fome  affirm,  that  every 
plant  has  his  particular  fly  or  caterpillar,  which 
it  breeds  and  feeds.  I  have  feen,  and  may  there- 
fore affirm  it,  a. green  caterpillar,  pr  worm,'  as 
big  as  a  fmall  peafcod,  which  had  fourteen  leg$^ 
eight  on  the  belly,  four  under  the  neck,  and  two 
near  the  tail.  It  was  found  on  a  hedge  of  privet^ 
and  was  taken  thence,  and  put  into  a  large  box, 
and  a  little  branch  or  two  of  privet  put  to  it,  on 
which  I  faw  it  feed  as  fliarply  as  a  dog  gnaws  a 
bone  :  it  lived  thus  five  or  fix  days,  and  thrived, 
and  changed  the  colour  two  or  three  times^  but 
by  fome  neglect  in  the  keeper  of  it,  it  then  died 
and  did  not  turn  to  a  fly :  but  if  it  had  lived,  it 
'had  doubtlefs  turned  to  one^of  thofe  flies  that 
fome  call  flies  of  prey,  which  thofe  that  walk  by 
the  rivers  may  in  fummer  fee  fafl'en  on  fmaller 
flies,  and  I  think  make  them  their  food.  And 
*tis  obfcrvable,  that  as  there  be  thefe  flies  of  prey 
which  be  very  large,  fo  there  be  others  very  little, 
created,  I  think,  only  to  feed  them,  and  breed 
out  of  I  know  not  what  •,  whofe  life,  they  fay, 
nature  intended  not  to  exceed  an  hour  t,  and 

yet 

•  V^hocver  is  dcfirous.of  knowing  more  of •  caterpillars^ 
and  of  the  feveral  flies  prod  aced  by  them»  may  con  fait  7<9«0- 
nei  Goedariius  di  InfiSiis^  with  the  appendix  of  Dx.  Lifier^ 
Lond,  8vOy  1685. 

f  That  there  are  cr^at^res  **  whofe  life  nature  intended  not 
*<  to  exceed  an  hoar,*'  is,  I  believe,  not  fo  well  aptfi^d,  as  that 
there  are  fome  whofe  exiHence  is  determined  m  five  or  fix. 
It  is  well  known  that  the  ephemeron,  that  wonderful  inftanoe 
of  the  care  and  providence  of  God,  lives  bat  from  fix  in  the 
evQmng  till  about  eleven  at  pight;  during  which  time  it  per- 

H  foxa^^ 


98  3^^^  Complete  Angler.      Part  F. 

yet  that  life  is  thus  made  feorter  by  other  fliesF, 
or  accidervt. 

forms  all  the  animal  fon£lions :  for,  in  tbe  beginning  of  its 
life,  it  iheds  its  coat ;  and  that  being  done,  and  the  poor 
little  animal  thereby  rendered  light  and  agile^  it  ipends  the 
reft  of  its  ihort  time  in  friiking  over  the  waters  :  the  k* 
male  drops  her  eggs,  which  are  impregnated  by  the  male  ; 
thefe  being  fpread  about,  defcend  to  the  bottom  by  tlreir 
own  gravity,  and  are  hatched  by  the  warmth  of  the  fua 
into  little  worms,  which  make  themfelves  cafes  in  the  clay» 
and  feed  on  the  fame  without  any  need  of  parental  care. 
Fide  Ephem,  Vitay  tranflated  by  Dr.  Tjfen^  {fom  Swammer* 
dami    See  alfo  Derb,  Phyf,  Thiol,  247.' 
'    And  to  the  truth  of  the  aifertion,  that  this  animal  fheds- 
its  coat,  I  myfelf  am  a  wicnefs:  for,  being  a  fiihing  one 
furom^r evening,  at  about  feven  o'clock,  Ifuddenly  obferved 
my  cloaths  covered  with  a  number  of  very  fmall  flies,  of  a 
whitifh  colour,  inclining   to  blue  :  they  continued  fixed, 
while  1  obferved  thofe  on  my  left'arm  wriggle  their  bodies 
about^  tifll  at  length  they  difengaged  themfelves  from  their 
external  coat,  which  they  left,  and  flew  away  ;.  bnt  what 
greatly  afionifhed  me  was,  that  the  cafes  to  the  three  whi&s 
which  each  of  thofe  creatures  had  at  its  tail,  which  were 
tenderer  than  the  fined  hair,  and,  but  for  their  whitenefs 
wot>ld  have  been  fcarce  perceptible,  were  left  as  entire  and 
unbroken  as  the  lefs  tender  parts  of  the  coat. 

Similar  to  this  is  the  relation  in  Bo<ivlker^  communicated 
to  hinrby  a  gentleman,  an  accurate obferver  of  nature's  pro- 
dgdiions,  concerning  the  fly  called  the  grey  drake;  of  which 
mention  is  made  in  Cotton^s  Lift  of  Flies  for  May  \  which 
relation  I  fhall  give  in  his  own  words. 

*'  r  happened  to  walk  by  the  river-fide  at  that  feafon  of 
**  the  year  wheA  the  May- flies  (he  means  the  grey  fort)  which 
**  are  a  fpeeres  of  the  libella,  come  up  out  of  the  water ; 
''  where  they  lie  in  their  hufks»  for  a  confiderable  time,,  at 
**  the  bottom  or  fides  of  the  xxvtr^  near  the  likenef^  of  the 
**  nymph  of  the  fmall  common  libella^  bm  when  it  is  ma- 
''  ture,  it  fplits  open  its  cafe,^  and  then,  with  gfeat  agility, 
'*  up  fprings  the  new  little  animal,  with  a  ffender  body,  four 
'*  blackifh  veined  tranf^pareat  wings,  with  four  black  fpdts 


C/iap.  V.   The  Complete  An^clbr.       ..99 

'Tis  cndlefs  to  tell  you,  what  the  cucious 
fearchers  into  nature's  produfbions  have  obferved 
of  ihefe  worms  and  flies :  but  yet  I  (hall  jcell  you 

what 


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on  the  upper  wings^  and  the.ander  wings  mscb  fmtlto 
than  the  upper  ones»  with  three  fong  hairs  in  its  tail.  TIfe 

**  hufks,  which  are  left  behind,  float  innamerable  on  tire 
water.  Ic  feemed  to  me  a  fpecies  of  ephenreroB,  and 'I 
imagined  it  was  the  fame  infect  defcribed  by  Go§dart  attd 
Snjoammirdam  ;  but  a  few  days  convinced  ftie  to  the  con- 
trary, for  I  foon  found  them  to  be  of  longer  duration 

*'  than  theirs.     The  firft  bufinefs  of  this  creature,  after  hfe 

**  is  difengaged  from  the  water,  ii  flying  about  to  fin4oat 
a  proper  place  to  fix  on,  as  trees,  bu flies,  tfr.  to  wait  for 
another  fnrprizing  change,  which  is  eflfe^led  io  two  or 

**  three  %ays.  The  firft  hint  I  received  of  this  wonderful 
operation,  was  feeing  the  exuvia  hanging  on  a  hedge  :  1 
then  coiieded  a  great  many,  and  put  them  in  boxes,  and, 
by  flriftly  obferving  them,  I  could  tell  when  they  were 
ready  to  put  off  their  cloaths,  though  but  fo  lately  put  on. 
I  had  the  pleafure  to  fliew  my  friends  one  that  I  held  on 
my  finger  all  the  while  it  performed  this  great  work.  Ic 
was  furprizing  to  fee  how  eafy  the  back  part  of  the  fly 
fplitopen,  and  produced  the  new  birth  ;  which  I  could 
not  perceive  partakes  of  any  thing  from  its  parent,  but 
leaves  head,  body,  wings,  legs,  Ind  even  its  three* haired 
tail  behind  on  the  cafe.  After  it  has  repoied  itfelf  awhi!e, 
it  flies,  with  great  brtfknefs,  to  feekits  mate,  in  the  new 
fly  a  remarkable  diflTerence  is  feen  in  thctriexet,  which  I 
could  notfoeafily  perceive  in  their  firflilate,  them'aieand 
female  being  then  much  of  a  fize ;  but  now  the  male  was 
much  the  fmallefl,  and  the  hairs  inhi«  tail  much  thelong- 
efl.  I  was  very  careful  to  fee  ifl  could  find  tHem  ingen- 
dering  ;  but  all  that  I  could  discover  was,  that  the  males 
feparated,  and  kept  under  cover  of  the  tree«,  i«ra6tdfrom 

**  the  river  ;  hither  the  females  teforted,  and  mixed*  with 
them  in  their  flight,  great  numbers  together,  with  avery 
brifk  motion  of  darting  or'flriking  at  onr  another  when 
they  met,  with  great  vigour,  jail  as  houfe-flies  will  do  in 

<<  a  funny  room  :  This  they  continued  to  do  for  many  hours, 

<*  and  this  feemed  to  be  their  way  of  coition ;  which  muft  be 
quick,  and  foon  performed,  as  they  are  of  fo  fliort  a  dura- 
•  :  H  2  *•  tion* 


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■fbb       Ybe  CoMFLETE  Angler*      Partly 

iwrhat  Mdravandus  •^  our  'f&ffel,  and  others  fay  of 
the  palmer- worm  or  eaa^crpitlar,  that  whereas 
Others*  content  thcmfclvcs  to  fted  on  particular 


<« 


tioii.  When- the  feaiales  werehnpregDated,  they  left  the 
*^'cmh^a»y^of  iIm  iiiales»  And  fought  the  river,  atid  kept 
^^.cotiftaauy  playing  '^  aikd  dowp  on  the  water.  It  wa» 
^  very  plainly  («eii»every  time  thej^  darted  down  they  ejed-* 
**  ed  a  eldfter  of  eg^gs*  which  feemed  a  pale  blaiib  fpeck^ 
'^  lik^a  fmall  dropofstiilk,  as  theydefceaded  on  the  water  ; 
**  tiien,  by  the  help  of  their  tail  they  fpriag  up  again» 

and  defcen^  again  ;  and  thus  continue  till  they  have  ex- 

handed  their  (lock  of  eggs,  and  fpent  their  Ibength,  be* 

Ing  fo  weak  that  they  can  rife  no  naorex  but  fall  a  prey  ta 
**  the  fiih  ;  blit  by  siuch  the  greateft  nnsibers  perifh  on  the 
*^  'Waters,  which  are  Covered  with  them*  This  is  the  end  of 
**"  .the  feinaks»  But  the  males  never  refort  to  the  fivers,  as  I 
<<  coald  perceive  ^  bat,  after  they  bave  done  thieir  pfHce, 
«  drop  dowfiy  languilh  and  die  under  the  tveesand  bu&es. 
^*  I  ofof^ved  that  the  females  wtfre  molt  atimerous ;  whicb 
*^  was  very  necefiary,  confidemg  the  many  enemies  they 
^/  li'ave;  dufiiig  the  &ort  time  of  their  appea^rance,  for  botb 
^*  1>irds  and  iiSi  are  very  fond  of  them;  ^i^dv  so  dou'bt* 
"  under  the  wdter,  they  are  food  for  fmall  aqua^k  infeifls.. 
*^  What  is  further  r^markaUein  this  fiirprising  creature  is, 
**  that,  in  a  life  of  a  few  days,  it  eats  nothing,  feems  to  have 
*'  jio  apparatus  for  that  purpofe,  but  brings  up  wit^it,  ooc 
^  of  the  water,  fufficientfupport  to  enable  it  tO'Oied  its  ^tn» 
<*  and  perform  the  principal  end  of  Hfe  with  great  vivacity. 
^^  The  pardcoUf  time  wheal  obferved  them  very  numerous 
**  and  fportive»  was  on  the  s^.th  of  May ,  at  fix  o'clock  in 
*' .the  eveMig*  it  was  a  fight  very  furpHsdng  and  enter- 
^-^  taioing,.tofee  the  rivers  teeming  with  innumerable  pretty 
^^  nimble  flyang  tnA^s,  andaUnoft  every  thing  near  cover- 
**  ed  with  thenk     When  I  looked  up  Iq  the  air,  it  wa$  full 

of  theniy  as  hi^li  as  I  could  difeern  ;  and  being  ib  thick,. 

and  aimys  in  motion,  they  made  altnofl  fuch  an  appearance 
**  as  when  one  looks  up,  aiid  hes  the  fnow  coming  down; 

and  yet  this  wonderftd  a^pea«ance,  in  three  or  four  day» 
♦»  after  the  laft  of  Maj^  totally  drfappeared/'  B9fwlker^  67. 

*  C/^e^/  Aldrovavdus^  a  great  phyiiciaA  and  naturaliil  of 
Bdognav  he  wrote  1 20  books  on  feveral  fnbje&».  aftd  » trea- 
tise de  FifdbuSi  pnbliihedat  Frmftcfort,  i^^-o. 


Chap,  V.   The  Comi>lbte  Angler*       wi 

herbs  or  leaves ;  for  mod:  chink  thoie  vecy  leaves 
char  gave  them  life  and  (bape,  gWe  them  a  par- 
tieular  feeding  and  nourtfhment,  and  that  upon 
tbem  they  ufually  abide ;  yet  he  obierves^  that 
this  is  called  a  pilerim  or  palmer-worm,  for  bis 
very  wandering  lile  and  various  food  ;  not  con- 
tenting himfelf,  as  others  do,  with  any  one  certain 
place  for  his  i^x>de,  nor  any  certain  kind  of  herbs 
or  flowers  for  his  feeding  ;  but  will  boldly  and 
diforderly  wander  upand  down,  and  notcndure 
to  be  kept  to  a  diet,  or  fixt  to  a  particular  plaoc. 

Nay,  the  very  colours  of  caterpillars  are^  as 
one  has  obferved,  very  elegant  and  beautiful ;  I 
fliall,  for  a  tafte  of  the  reft,  defcribe  one  of  them, 
which  I  will  fometime  the  next  mon^^h  (hew  you 
feeding  on  a  willow-tree,  and  you  fhall  find  him 
punftuaily  to  anfwer  tbis  very  defcription  ;  his 
lips  ^nd  mouth  fomcwbat  yellow,  his  eyes  black 
as  jet,  his  forehead  purple,  his  feet  and  hinder 
parts  grecAi  h«s  tail  two  forked  and  black,  the 
whole  body  ftained  with  a  kind  of  red  fpots 
which  run.  along'  the  neck  and  (houlder*  blade, 
not  unlike  the  form  of  St.  Andrew's  crofs,  or 
thq  letter  X,  made  thus  crofs-wife,  and  a  white 
Jine  drawn  down  his  back  to  his  tail ;  all  which 
add  much  beauty  to  his  whole  body.  And  it  is 
to  me  obfervable,  that  at  a  fixed  age  this  cater- 
pillar gives  over  to  eat,  and  towards  winter  comes 
to  be  covered  over  with  a  ftrange  (hell  or  cruft 
called  an  aurelia^  and  fo  lives  a  kind  of  dead 
life,  without  eating  all  the- winter;  ^.^^  ^^yp^ 
and,  as  others  of  ftveral  kinds  tur<i  Bacon's exfer, 
to  be  feveral  kinds  of  flies  and  ver-  728  W  90.  /« 
min  the  fpring  following,  fo  this  ^",  ^^f^^ 
caterpillar  then  turns  to  be  a  painted  '^i^^^* 
butterfly.  H  3  Come, 


I02        fit^  Complete  Angler,      P^rtl. 

Come,  come  my  fcholar,  you  fee  the  river 
ftops  our  morning- walk,  and  1  will  alfo  hereftop 
my  difcourfe,  only  as  we  fit  down  under  this 
honey- fuckle  hedgej  whilft  I  look  a  line  to  fit  the 
rod  that  our  bror;her  Peter  hath  lent  you,  I  fhall 
for  >  a  little  confirmation  of  what  I  have  fi^id* 
repeat  the  obfervatiopof  du  Barla^: 

•  •  • 

God  not  contented  to  each  kind  to  givey.       6.  Dof  of 
And  to  infufe  the  virtue  generative^  ^^  Bartas. 

By  ins  wife  power  made  maty  creatures  breeds 
Of  Ufelefs  hdies  without  Venus  deed. 

So  the  cqU  humour  breeds  the  falamanderj 
IVhOy  in  effeSly  like  to  her  birth* s  commander. 
With  child  with  hundred  winter^,  with  her  touch 
^encheth  the  fire  tho*  glowing  n^er  fo  much^ 

So  in  the  fire  in  burning  furnace  fprings, 
J'he  fly  peraufia  with  the  flaming  wings  ; 
Without  tbefirf  it  dies,  in  it  it  joys , 
living  in  that  which  all  things  elfe  deftrdys. 

4 

So  flow  Bootes  underneath  him  fees ,        Herbal  ank 
In  th  ^icy  iflandsgaflings  hatcV d  of  trees,    Camden. 
Whofe,  fruitful  leaves  falling  into  the  water. 
Ate  turned,  Uis  known,  to  living  fgwls  foon.  aft^. 

So  rotten  planks  of  broken  Jhips  do  change 
To  barnacles.     0  transformation  ftrange  f 
^Twas  firft  a  green  tree,  then  a  broken  hull. 
Lately  a  mufhroom,  now  a  flying  gull. 

Venat.   O  my  good  maftcr,    this   morning: 
^walk  has  been  fpcnt  to  my  great  pleafure  and 

wonder ; 


Chap.  V.    The  Complete  Anoler.      103 

wonder :  but  I  pray,  when  (hall  I  have  your 
dire^^ion  how  to  make  artificial  flies,  like  to 
thofe  that  the  Trout  loves  belit,  and  alfo  how  to 
ufe  them  ? 

Pi/c,  My  honeft  fcholar,  it  is  now  paft  five 
of  the  clock,  we  will  fifh  till  nintf,  and  then  go 
to  breakfaft.  Go  you  to  yonder  fycamore-trce, 
and  hide  your  bottle  of  drink  under  the  hollow 
root  of  it ;  for  about  that  time,  and  in  that  place, 
we  will  make  a  brave  breakfaft  with  a  piece  of 
powdered  bcefi  and  a  radifli  or  to  that  I  have 
in  my  fifli-bag ;  we  (hall,  I  warrant  you,  make 
a  good,  honeft,  wholfome,  hungry  breakfaft, 
and  I  will  then  give  you  direftion  for  the  making 
and  uting  of  your  flics :  and  in  the  mean  time, 
there  is  your  rod  and  line,  and  my  advice  is, 
that  you  fifh  as  you  fee  me  do,  and  let's  try 
which  can  catch  the  firft  fifh. 

Ven.  I  thank  you,  matter,  I  will  obferve  an4 
praftife  your  direftions  as  fana§  I  am  abfe^ 

Pi/c.  Look  you,  fcholar,  you  fee  I  have  hold 
of  a  good  fifli :  I  now  fee  it  is  a  Trout,  I  pray 
put  that  net  under  him,  and  touch  not  my  line, 
for  if  you  do,  then  we  break  all.  Well  done 
fcholar,  I  thank  you* 

Now  for  another,  Truft  me  I  have  another 
bite :  come,  fcholar,  come  lay  down  your  rod, 
and  help  me  to  land  this  as  you  did  the  other. 
So,  now  we  (hall  be  fure  to  have  a  good  difh  of 
fiih-to  fupper. 

Fen.  1  am  glad  of  that ;  but  I  have  no  for- 
tune: fure,  mafter,  your's  is  a  better  rod -and 
better  tackling. 

Pf/c.  Nay,  then,  take  mine,  and  I  will  fifli 
with  your*s.    Look  you,  fcholar,  I  have  another  •, 

H  4  come  ' 


104        The  Complete' Angler.     Part'L 

come,  do  as  you  did  before.  And  nbw  I  have 
a  bite  at  another  :  Oh  nne  !  he  has'  broke  all  \ 
there's  half  a  line  and  a  good  hOCk' loft. 

Ven.  Ay,  and  a  good  Trout  too. 

Fife.  Nay,  the  Trout  is  not  loft,  f6r  pray 
take  notice  no  mail  can  lofe  what  he  never  had. 

Ven,  Matter^   I  can  neither  catch  with   the 
firft  nor  fecond  angle :  I  have  no  fortune. 

Fife.  Look  you,  feKolar,  I  have  yet  another: 

and  now  having  caught  three  braee  of  Trouts,  I 

will  tell  you  a  ihort  tale  as  we  Walk  towards  our 

breakfaft:  afcholar,  a  preacher  I  (houJd  fay,  that 

was  to  preach  to  procure  the  approbation  of  a 

parifh  that  he  might  be  their  lefturer,  had  got 

from  his  fellow  piipil  the  cojJy  of  a  fermbn  that 

was  firft  preached  with  great  commendatibri  by 

him  that  compofed  it  \  and  though  the  borrower 

of  it  preached  it  word  for  word  as  it  was  at' 

firft,  yet  it  was  utterly  difliked  as  it  was  preached 

by  the  fecond  to  his  congregation :  which  the 

lermon-borrower  complained  of  to  the  lerider'of 

it,  andwas^thus  anfwered ;  "  I  lent  you  indeed  my 

^^^  fiddle,  but  not  my  fiddleftick  ;**  for  you  arc  to . 

know,  that  every  ohe  cannot  make  mufick  with 

my  words,  which  are  fitted  to  my  own  mouthl 

And  fo,  my  fcholar,  you  are  to  know,  that  as. 

the  ill  pronunciation  or  ill  accenting  of  words  \t\ 

a  fermon  fpoils  it,  fo  the  ill  carriage' of  your  line, 

or  not  fiftiing  even  to  a  foot  in  a  right  place, 

makes  you  lofe  your  labour;   and  you  are  to 

know,  that  though  you  have  my  fiddle,  that  is^ 

my  very  rod  and  tacklings  with  which  you  fee  I 

catch  fifti,  yet  you  have  not  my  fiddleftick ;  that 

is,  you  yet  have  not  (kill  to  know  how  to  car'ry 

your  hand  and  line,  nor  hovy  to  guide  it  to  a 

6  right 


i 


Tab^  According'tDAAof  Rtrliinii*  xn  Sq. 


Chap.  V.  Thi  Complete  Angler;       105 

right  place :  and  this  muft  be  taught  you,  for 
you  are  Co  remember  I  told  you  angling  is  an 
art,  cither  by  praft ice,  or  a  long  bbfcrvation,  or 
both.  But  tal^e  this  for  a  rule,  when  you  fi(h 
for  a  Trout  with'  a  Worn^  let  your  line  have  fo 
much,  and  not  more  lead  than  will  Bt  the  (tream 
in  which  you  fi(h ;  that  is  to  fay,  more  in  a 
great  troublefome  ftream  than  in  a  fnialler  that 
is  quieter  *,  as  near  as  may  be,  fo  much  as  will 
fink  the  bait  to  the  bottom,  and  keep  it  Hill  in 
motion,  and  not  more. 

But  now  let's  fay  grace  and  fall  to  breakfaft : 
what  fay  you,  fcholar,  to  the  providence  of  an 
old  angler?  does  not  this  meat  tafte  well  ?  and 
was  not  this  place  well  chofen  to  eat  it  ?  for  this 
fycamore-tree  will  (hade  us  from  the  fun*s  heat. 
Fen.  All  excellent  good,  and  my  fbomach  ex- 
cellent good  too.  And  now  I  remember  and 
find  that  true  which  devout  Leffius  •  fays,  "  that 
poor  men,  and  thofe  that  fail  often,  have 
much  more  pleafure  in  eating  than  rich  men 
and  gluttons,  that  always  feed  before  their 
*f  ftomachs  are  empty  of  their  laft  meat,  and  call 
f^  for  more  :  for  by  that  means,  they  rob  them- 
^^  felVes  of  that  pleafure  that  hunger  brings  to 
f*  poor  men."  And  1  do  ferioufly  approve  of 
|hat  faying  of  your%  "  that  you  had  rather  be 
tf  a  civil,  well-governed,  well  grounded,  tem- 

^  Lionard  Li0uSi  a  ▼erjr  learned  jefuit,  profeilbr  of  di- 
vinity ia  the  coQege  of  jefuits  at  L^wvarn ;  he  was  born  at 
Anfwerp^  i  $54,  and  became  v^ry  famous  for  his  (kill  in  di- 
vioity>  civil  law^  mathematics,  phyiic,  and  hiilory:  he 
wrote  feve^al  theological  trads.aod  a  orcatife  de  Sunmo  Bpnoy 
li  4eitm9  beaiudim  Homitus  ;  from  whence,  it  is  probable^ 
the  paflage  in  the  text  is  cited.     He  died  1623. 

"  perate. 


cc 


ip6        72^  Complete  Angler.    PartL 

"  peratc,  poor  angler,  than  a  drunken  lord." 
But  I  hope  there  is  none  fuch ;  however,  1  a^^ 
certain  of  this,  that  I  have  been  at  many  very 
coftly  dinners  that  have  not  afforded  me  half  the 
content  that  this  has  done,  for  which  I  thank 
God  and  you. 

And  now,  good  matter,  proceed  to  your  pro- 
mifcd  direftion  for  making  and  ordering  my  ar- 
tificial fly. 

Piji.  My  honeft  fcholar  I  will  do  it,  for  it 
is  a  debt  due  unto  you  by  my  promife ;  and  be- 
caufe  you  (hall  not  think  yourfelf  more  engaged 
to  me  than  indeed  you  really  are,  I  will  freely 
give  you  fuch  direftions  as  were  lately  given  to 
me  by  an  ingenious  brother  of  the  angle,  an 
honed  man,  and  a  mod  excellent  fly-fi(her. 

You  are  to  note,  that  there  are  twelve  kinds 
of  artificial  made-files  to  angle  with  upon  the 
top  of  the  water.  Note  by  the  way,  that  the 
fitted  feafon  of  ufing  thefe,  is  a  bludering  windy 
day,  when  the  waters  are  fo  troubled  that  the 
natural  fly  cannot  be  fecn,  or  red  upon  them. 
The  fird  is  the  diin-fly  in  March,  the  body  is 
made  of  dun  wool^  the  wings  of  the  partridge's 
feathers.  The  fecond  is  another  dun-fly,  the 
body  of  bkck  wool,  and  the  wings  made  of  the 
black  drake's  feathers,  and  of  the  feathers  under 
his  tail.  The  third  is  the  done-fly  in  /fprili  the 
body  is  made  of  black  wool  made  yellow  under 
the  wings,  and  under  the  tail,  and  fo  made  with 
wings  of  the  drake.  The  fourth  is  the  ruddy- 
fly  in  the  beginning  of  May^  the  body  made  of 
red  wool  wrapt  ^bout  with  black  filk,  and  the 
feathers  are  the  wings,  of  the  drake,  with  the 
feathers  oF  a  red  capon  alfo,  which  hang  danglmg 
6  -       on 


Qiap.  V.   5*i>^  Complete  Angler.       107 

on  his  fide  next  the  tail.  The  fifth  is  the  yd- 
low  or  grecniQi-fly,  in  May  Hkewifc,  the  body 
made  of  yellow  wool,  and  the  wings  made  of  the 
red  cock's  hackle  or  tail.  The  fixth  is  the  black- 
fly,  in  May  alfo,  the  body  made  of  black  wool, 
and  lapt  about  with  the  herle  of  a  peacock's  tail ; 
the  wings  are  made  of  the  wings  of  a  brown 
capon,  with  his  blue  feathers  in  his  head.  The 
feventh  is  the  fad  yellow- fly  in  Juncy  the  body 
13  made  of  black  wool,  with  a  yellow  lift  on 
either  fide,  and  the  wings  taken  off*  the  wings 
of  a  buzzard,  bound  with  black  braked  hemp. 
The  eighth  is  the  moorifli-fly,  made  with  the 
body  of  dufkiOi  wool,  and  the  wings  made  of 
the  blackiQi  mail  of  the  drake.  The  ninth  is 
the  tawny-fly,  good  until  the  middle  of  June\ 
i^e  bbdy  made  of  tawny  wool,  the  wings  made 
contrary  one  againft  the  other,  made  of  the 
whitifli  mail  of  the  wild  drake.  The  tenth  is  the 
wafp^fly  in  July^  the  body  made  of  black  wool, 
iapt  about  with  yellow  filk,  the  wings  made  of 
the  feathers  of  the  drake,  or  of  the  buzzard. 
The  eleventh  is  the  (hell-fly,  good  in  Mtd-Julyy 
the  body  made  of  greenilh  wool,  lapt  about  with 
the  herle  of  a  peacock's  tail,  and  the  wings  made 
of  the  wings  of  the  buzzard.  The  twelfth  is  the 
dark  drake-fly,  good  in  Augvfi^  the  body  made 
with  black  wool,  lapt  about  with  black  filk:  his 
wings  are  made  with  the  mail  of  the  black  drake, 
with  a  black  head.  Thus  have  you  a  jury  of  flies, 
likely  to  betray  and  condemn  all  the  Trouts  in 
the  river  *. 

I 

?  I^  has  been  already  obfcrved,  that  WahctCs  excellence, 
as  an  angler,  did  not   confift  in  fly-fifhing  :  the  reader  is 

therefore 


io8'       ^he  Complete  Ai^rGLEit.     Part  L 

t  ihall  n€xt  give  youfome  other  dircdionsfor 
fly-fi(hing,  fuch  as  are  given  by  Mn  Thomas 
barker  *;   a  gentleman  that  hath  ipent  much 

'  time 

tl^erefore- recommended  to  the -lift  of  flies  in  tliefecoad  pftrt^ 
and  frhfi  additions  contained  in  tke  notes  thereon. 
•  *'It  isfupppfed  that  the  rea^Jef  is  by  this  time  npt  wholly 
ignorant  who  this  gentleman  w^s,,  as  mention  is  made  of  him 
in  the  author'3  lif6.  We  have. already  given  the  dedication 
to  his  Art  of  Anglittg^  and  here  now  follow  fdme  extra^ 
ffOjA  that  humorous  piece  itfelfi  Addreffing  himfeJf  to  the 
iioUe  lord  'tQ  whom  .Ivis  bpok^  is  .dedicated,  he^hus  begins : 

^ *'  Und^er  favour,  I  will  compliment,  and  put  a  caff^ 

"  to  your  honour,  i  met  with  a  man,  and  upon  our  dif- 
'*  courfe  he  fell  out  with  me^  having  a  good  weapon,  but 
*<  neither  ftomach  nor  &ill :  I  fay.  tb'u  man  maj  cetm  h^me 
**  hy  Weepf^g-chift ;  I  will  f«ig/J  the  ehrk  io  toU  his  kneli* 
*'  it  is  the  very  likjs  cafe  to  the  gentleman  angler,  that 
'^  goeth  to  the  river  for  his  pleauire :  This  angler  hatk 
**  neither  judgment  nor  experience :  he  may  come  hom& 
*'  ligbtlyt  laden  at  his  kifare.— r— ^  . 

^^^^**  Allien  ^hatgpeth  to  theriver  for  his  pleafu^e,  m|](t 
*'  underdand,  when  he  cotneth  there,  X^fet  forth  his  tacklt, 
<*'  The  firft  thing  he  muil  do,  is  to  obferve  the  nvind  and 
^^  fun  for  dny^  the  moony  t\ktflarsy  and  the  myanes  cf  the  air 
•*  for  nighff  to fet firth  his  tackles  for  d^iy  or  night;  and 
^'  accordingly  to-gp  for  his  plea^fufe  and  fome  profit. 

*'  Now  I  am  determined  to  angle  with  the  groui^d- 

*'  baits,  and  fet  my  tackles  to  vay  rod,  zn^goto  my  pleafm-t, 
**  I  begin'  at  the  uppermofl  part  of  the  (Iream,  carrying  my 
«*^  line  with  an  upright  hand,  feeling  my  plummet  ronning 
*<  truly  on*  the  ground  fome  ten  inches  fi^om  th&  hpok, 

plumming  my   line  according   to  the  fwiftnefs  of  the 

ftream  I  angle  in  ;  for  one  plummet  witl  not  ferve  for  all 

Jlreams ;  for  the  true  angling  is,  that  the  plummet  run 
**  truly  4)n  the  ground. ; 

•*  My  lord  fent  to  roe,  at  fun  going  down,  to  pro- 

,*'  vide  him  a  good  diih  of  Trouts  againftthe  next  morning, 
**  by  fix  o'clock*.  I  went  to  the  door  to  fee  ho<w  ihe  ixsanes 
*'  of  the  air  nxjere  like  to  prove.  1  returned  an  Twer,  that  I 
**  doubted  not,  God  willing,  but  to  be  provided  at  the  time 

*'  ajppainrcd. 


Chap,  V.    ^be  Complete  Angler.       109 

time  in  fifhing :  but  I  (hall  do  ic  'with  a  little 
variation. 
Firft,  let  your  lod  be  light,  and  very  gentle, 

I 


u 


appointed.  I  went  pfefently  to  the  nwtr,  aad  it  eroded 
**  very  dark :  I  threw  out  a  line  of  three  filks  and  three 
hairs  twifted,  for  the  uppermoft  part,  and  a  line  of  twa 
hiiirs  and  two  filks  twilled,  for  the  lower  part,  with  a  good 
large  hdok.  1  baited  tay  hook  with  two  lob*  worms, 
the  four  ends  hanging  as  noeet  as  I  conld  gaefs  them  in 
the  dark  ;  I  fell  to  angle.  It  proved  very  dark,  fo  that 
t  had  good  fport,  angling  with  the  lob-worms  as  I  do 
with  the  flies,  on  the  top  of  the  water ;  you  fhall  hear  the 
*''fifk  rife  at  the  top  of  the  water ;  then  you  muft  loofe  a 
^  flack  line  down  to  the  bottom,  as  nigh  as  yon  can  guefs ; 
then  hold  your  line  (Irait,  feeling  the  fifh  bite ;  give  time» 
there  is  no  doabt  of  lofing  the  fiih,  for  there  is  not  one 
amongft  twenty  bu^  d6th  gorge  the  bait ;  the  leaft  Uroke 
"  you  can  ftrike  fallens  the  hoek,  and  makes  the  fiih  fare, 
*'  letting  the  £01 -take  a  tutn  or  two,  you  may  take  him  up 
with  your  hands.  The  night  began  to  alter,  and  grow 
fomewhat  lighter ;  I  took  off  the  lob-worms,  and  fet 
to  my  rod  a  white  palmer- fly,  made  of  a  large  hook  ; 
'  **  I  had  good  fport  for  the  time,  until  it  grew  lighter :  fo  I 
*'  took  Off  the  white  palmer,  and  fet  to  a  red  palmer,  made 
of  a  large  book  ;  I  had  good  fport  until  it  grew  vry 
light :  then  I  took  b£  the  red  palmer,  and  fet  to  a  black 
**  palmer  ;  I  bad  good  fport,  and  made  tip  the  difh  of  fiih. 
So  I  put  up  my  tackles,  and  was  with  my  lord  at  his 
**  time  appointed  for  the  fervice. 

^hefe  three  flies,  with  the  help  of  the  lob-worms, 
ferve  to  angle  all  the  year  for  the  night ;  obferving  the 
times  as  I  have  (hewed  you  in  this  night- work,  the  white 
**  fly  for  darkneis,  the  red  fly  in  medio,  and  the  black  fly 
for  lightnefs.  This  is  the  true  experience  for  angling  in 
the  night;  wliich  is  the  fureft  angling  of  all,  and  killeth 
the  greatefl  Trouts.  Your  lines  may  be  flrong,  but 
muft  not  be  longer  than  your  rod.  ^ 

Now,  having  taken  a  gcdd  difli  of  Trouts,  I  prefented 
**  them  tomylordj  behaving  provided  good  company, 
**  commanded  me  to    turn  cook  and  drefs    them   for 

*•  dian?*.«— *r 

"  The're 


•I 

te 

it 
•c 
•I 
«s 


M 
«C 
<• 

•c 
<« 
«< 


no         ^be  Complete  Angler.      Part  f . 

1  take  the  bett  to  Be  of  two  pieces  *,  and  let  not 
your  line  exceed,  efpccially  for  three  or  four 
links  next  to  the  hook,  I  fay,  not  exceed  three  or 
four  hairs  at  the  mod,  though  you  may  fifli  a 
little  ftronger  above  in  the  upper  part  of  your 
line :  but  if  you  Can  attain  to  angle  with  one 
hair,  you  fhall  have  more  rifes  and  catch  more 
fifh.  Now  you  muft  be  fure  not  to  cumber 
yourfclf  with  too  long  a  line,  as  moft  do :  and 
before  you  begin  to  angle,  caft  to  have  the  wind 
on  your  back,  and  the  fun,  if  it  (hines,  to  be 
before  you,  and  to  fi(h  down  the  ftream ;  and 
carry  the  point  or  top  of  your  rod  downward, 
by  which  means  the  (hadow  of  yourfelf  and  rod 
too,  will  be  the  lead  ofFenfive  to  the  fifh  5  for  the 
fight  of  any  (hade  amazes  the  fifh,  and  fpoils 
your  fport,  of  which  you  muft  take  great  care/ 
In  the  middle  of  March^  till  which  time  a  mah 
fliould  not  in  honefty  catch  a  Trout,  or  in  Aprils 
if  the  weather  be  dark,   or  a  little  windy  or 

'**  There  comes  an  honed  gentleman,  a  familiar 


•*  Tfiend,  to  me,  he  was  an  angler,  begins  to  compliment 
**  with  me,  and  afked  me  how  I  did  ?  when  I  liad  beea 
•*  angling  ?  and  demanded,  in  dlfcourfe,  what  was  the  rea- 
•*  fon  I  did  not  relate  in  my  book  the  drefling  oi  hisdijh  of 
'*  fijhy  which  he  loved  ?  /  pray  you^  Sir^  wchat  dijh  of 
'*  Trouts  lAjas  jhai  ?  He  faid,  it  was  a  difli  of  clofe-boll^ 
**  'Fi'duts,  buttered  with  eggs.  My  anfwer  was  to  him,  that 
•*  e^very  fcuUion  df  ejfeih  that  diJh  againft  his  nvill^  becaufe  he 
'•*  cannot  cahor  them,  I  wrtl  tell  you  in  (hort :  Put  yoiif 
**  Trouts  into  the  kettle  when  the  kettle  is  fet  to  the  fire, 
'*  and  let  them  boil  gently,  as  many  cooks  do,  and  they 
**  (hall  boil  clofe  enough  ;  which  is  a  good  dilh,  buttered 
'*  with  eggs,  good  for  ploughmen,  but  not  for  the  palate. 
•*   Sir,   1  hope  1  have  given  you  fciti-faSiion.^* 

•  For  your  rod,  and  alfo  for  a    fly-line,  take  the  di- 
le^Ttions  contained  in  the  notes  on  Chao.  xxi.    ' 

cloudy, 


Chap,  V,     Tbe  Complete  Angler,       hi 

cloudy,  the  beft  fifliing  is  with  the  palmer  worm, 
of  which  I  laft  fpokc  to  you,  but  of  thefe  there 
be  divers  kinds,  or  at  leaft  of  divers  colours ; 
thefe  and  the  May-fly  are  the  ground  of  all  fly- 
angling,  which  are  to  be  thus  made. 

Firft,  you  mufl:  arm  your  hook  with  the  line 
in  the  infide  of  it,  then  take  your  fciflars,  and 
cut  fo  much  of  a  brown  mallard's  feather  as  in 
your  own  reafon  will  make  the  wings  of  it,  you 
having  withal  regard  to  the  bignefs  or  littlenefs 
of  your  hook ;  then  lay  the  outmoft  part  of  your 
feather  next  to  your  hook,  then  the  point  of 
your  feather  next  the  (bank  of  your  hook  ^  and 
having  fo  done,  whip  it  three  or  four  times  about 
the  hook  with  the  fame  (ilk  with  which  your 
hook  was  armed,  and  having  made  the  filk  fail, 
take  the  hackle  of  a  cock  or  capon's  neck,  or  a 
plover'^  top,  which  is  ufually  better:  take  off 
the  one  (ide  of  the  feather,  and  th^  take  the 
hackle,  filk,  or  crewel,  gold  or  filver  thread, 
make  thefe  fafl:  at  the  bent  of  the  hook,  that  is 
to  fay,  below  your  arming ;  then  you  mufl  take 
the  hackle,  the  filver  or  gold  thread,  and  work 
it  up  to  the  wings,  (hifting  'or  ftill  removing 
your  finger,  as  you  turn  the  filk  about  the  hook : 
and  ftill  looking  at  every  ftop  or  turn,  that  your 
gold,  or  what  materials  focver  you  make  your  fly 
of,  do  lie  right  and  neatly  -,  and  if  you  find  they 
do  fo,  then  when  you  have  made  the  head,  make 
all  faft :  then  work  your  hackle  up  to  the  head, 
and  make  that  faft :  and  then  with  a  needle  or  pin 
divide  the  wing  into  two,  and  then  with  the 
armed  filk  whip  it  about  crofs-ways  betwixt  the 
wings,  and  then  with  your  thumb  you  muft  turn 
the  point;  of  the  feather  towards  the  bent  of  the 

.  hook. 


112        T'i&tf  Complete  Anglfr.      Partly 

hook,  and  then  work  three  or  four  times  about 
the  (hank  of  the  hook,  and  then  view  tbc  pro- 
portion, ^nd  if  it  be  neat  and  to  your  Hking 
fallen.    ^ 

I  confefs,  no  jdireftion  can  be  given  JEO  make 
a  man  of  a  dull  capacity .  able  to  make  a  fly* 
well:  and  yet  I  know,  this  with  a  littk  pra&ice 
will  help  an  ingenious  angler  in  a  good  degree  : 
bat  to  fee  a  fly  made  by  an  artifl;  in  that  kind, 
is  the  befl:  teaching  to  make  it ;  and  then  an  in- 
genious angler  may  walk  by  the  river  and  mark 
what  flies  fall  on  the  water  that  day,  and  catch 
one  of  them,  if  .he  fees  the  Trout  leap  at  a  fly 
of  that  kind  ;  and  then  having  always  hooks 
ready  hungvwith  him,  and  having  a  bag  alfo  al- 
ways with  him,  with  bear's  hair,  or  the  hair  of  a 
brown  or  fad-coloured  heifer,  hackles  of  a 
cock  or  a  capon,  feveral  coloured  filk  and 
crewel  to' make  the  body  of  the  fly,  the  feathers 
of  a  drake's  head,  black  or  brown  ihfeep*s  wool, 
or  hog's  w^l,  or  hair,  thread  of  gold  and  of  fiU 
•  ver  i  filk  of  feveral  colours,  efpocially  fad-colour- 
ed, to  make  the  fly's  head  ;  and  there  be  alio 
other  coloured  i'i^athers,  both  of  little  birds  and 
-  of  fpeckled  fowl  •,  I>fay,  having  thofe  with  him  * 
in  a  bag  +,  and  trying  to  make  a  fly,  though  he 

mifs 

*  The  author  not  having  particularly  enumerated  the  ma- 
terials neceflary  for  fly-making,  it  will  not  be  improjper, 
once  for  all,  to  do  it  here.  And  firft,  You  muft  be  provided 
with  bear's  hair  of  divers  colours;  as  grey,  dun,  fight  and 
dark  coloured,  bright  brown,  andthat  which  ihines  :  alio 
tamel's  hair,  dark/ light,  and  of  a  colour  between  both  : 
ba«jger's  hair,  or  fur:  fpaniel's  hair  from  behind  the 
ear,  light    and   dark-brown,  blackiOi  and  black  :  hog's 

down. 

For  the  note  to  this  \  reference  alove,  fee  page  115. 


Chap.  V.  7%^  CoMPLETS  Angler.      113 

mifs  at  firft,  yet  daM  he  at  laft  hie  it  better,  even 
to  fuch  a  perfeftion,  as  none  can  well  teach  him ; 
and  if  he  hit  to  make  his  fiy  right,  and  have  the 
luck  to  hit  alfo  where  there  is  ftore  of  Trouts,  a 

dark 

down,  which  may  be  had,  about  Chriftmast  of  botchers,  or 
rather  of  thofe  that  make  brawn ;  it  fliould  be  plucked  from 
under  the  throat,  and  other  foft  places  of  the  hog,  and  muft 
be  of  the  following  colours,  ntix*  black,  red,  whitifli,  and 
fandy ;  and  for  other  colours,  you  may  get  them  dyed  at  m 
dyer's :  feal's  fur,  is  to  be  had  at  the  trunk-maker's ;  get 
this  aUb  dyed  of  the  colours  of  cow's  and  calve's  hair,  in 
all  the  diiferent  (hades,  from  the  light  to  the  darkeft 
brown ;  you  will  then  never  need  cow's  or  calve's  hair ; 
both  which  are  harib,  and  will  never  work  kindly,  nor  lay 
bandfomely :  get  alfo  mohairs,  black,  blue,  purple,  white* 
violet ;  IfabeUa^  which  colour  is  defcribed  in  a  note  oa 
Cotton's  flies  for  March.  PhiUmet^  from  feuilU  mortis  a 
dead  leaf,  yellow  and  orange :  camlets*  both  hair  and 
worfled,  blue,  yellow,  dun,  light  and  dark  brown,  rtd^ 
violet,  purple,  black,  horfe-flefli,  pink,  and  prange  eo* 
lours.  Some  recommend  the  hair  of  abortive  colts  and 
calves ;  but  feal's  for  dyed,  as  above,  is  much  better. 

A  piece  of  an  old  Turkey  carpet  «411  fumifh  excellent 
dubbing :  untwift  the  yam,  and  pick  out  the  wool,  care- 
fully feparating  the  different  colours,  and  lay  it  by. 

Some  ufe  for  dubbing  barge-faiJ,  concerning  which  the 
reader  is  to  know,  that  the  (ails  of  Weft-coantry  and  other 
barges,  when  old,  are  ufnally  converted  into  tilts,  under 
which  there  is  almoit  a  -  continual  fmoak  arifiog  from  the 
fire  and  the  fleam  of  the  beef- kettle ;  which  all  mch  barges 
carry,  and  which,  in  time,  dyes  the  tilt  of  a  fine  brown  ; 
this  would  be  excellent  dubbine,  but  that  the  material  of 
thefe  fails  is  fheep's  wool,  which  foaks  in  the  water,  and 
ibon  becomes  vtty  heavy :  however,  get  of  this  ,as  many 
different  fhades  as  you  can,  and  have  feal's  fur  and  hog* 
wool  dyed  to  match  them ;  which,  by  reafon  they  are  more 
turgid,  fliff  and  light,  and  fo  float  better,  are,  in  mofl  cafes, 
to  be  preferred  to  worfled,  crewels,  and,  indeed,  to  every 
other  kind  of  wool;  and  obferve  that  the  hog«wool  is  bei^ 
for  large,  and  the  feal's  fur  forfmall  flies. 

I  Get 


114      .  STi^^  , Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

dark  day,,  and  a  right  wind,  he  will  catch  fucb 
ftore  of  them,  as  will  encourage  him  to  grow  more 
and  more  in  love  with  the  art  of  fiy -making. 

Venaii  But,  my  loving  mafter,  if  any  wind 
will  not  ferve,  then  I  wi&  I  were  in  Lapland^  to 

hxxf 

Get  alfe  far»of  rite  fbllowkig  animali!,  mix.  ^e  fquirrel^r 
pariicalarly  from  his  uil ;  fox-cub^  from  the  tail  where  it 
18  downy»  and  of  as  afli -colour ;  an  old  fox,  an  old  otter^ 
otcer-cubi  badrer,^  fslimart,  or  filmert;  a  hare»  from  the- 
necky  whe«e  it  is  of  the  colonr  of  withered  fern ;  and  above 
all,  the  jrellow  fur  of  the  martern^  ^m  off  the  gills  of 
fpots  i>nde>  the  jaws.  All  thefe,  and  almofb  every  othev 
kind  of  far,  are  eafily  got  at  the  furriers. 

Haekles^  are  a  very  important  article  in  fly-making  t 
they  are  the  long  Sender  feathers  that  hang  from  the  head* 
<>f  a  cock  down  his  neck  f  there  may  alfo  be  fine  ones  goa? 
from  near  his  tail;  be  careful  that  they  are  not  too  rank^ 
which  they  are  when  the  fibres  are  mofe  than  half  an  inch- 
long  r  and  for  fome  pforpoies  thefe  are  moch  too  big :  be 
provided  with  thefe  of  the  followisg  colours,  v/gs.  red»  dun^ 
yeilowifli,  white,  orange,  and  pcrfe£k  black,  and  whenever 
you  meet,  ali^e  or  dead,  with  a  cock  of  the  game-breed^ 
whofe  hackJe  is  of  a  iiirong  brownrredy.  never  fail  to  buy 
htm  ;  btic  obferve  that  the  feathers  of  a  cockrchtcken,  be 
they  ever  fo  fine  i%T  (hape  and  colour,  are  good  for  little  ;: 
for  they  are  too  downy  and  weak  to  ^and  ere^  after  they 
are  once  wety  and  fo  iH  thoTeof  the  bantam-cock. 

Feathers  are  abfolotely  neceffary  for  the  wings^^and'othep 
parts  of  f! iesf^;  get  therefbre  feathers  f^om  the  back  and  othev 
parts  of  the  wild  mallard,,  or  drake,  the  feathers  of  a-par- 
tridge,  efpetially  thoie  red  ones  that  are  in  the  tail :  fea<* 
thers  from  a  cock-pheafant's  breaft  and  tail,  the  wings  of 
a  bkckbird,  a  browa  hen,  of  a  ilarling,  a  jay,  a  land-raily 
athrdftle,  a  fieM^re,  and  a  water-coet ;  the  feathers  fron» 
the  erowft  of  the  pewits  plover,  or  lapwing ;  green  and 
copper-colouh;d  peacock'^s  and  black  oftrich  herle ;  featlwr» 
from  a  heron's  neck  and  wings  ;  and  remember,  that  ia 
tnoft  inftances,  where  the  drake^s  or  wild  mallard's  fea- 
ther is  hereafter  direded^  that  from  a.  ibrling's  win^. 

wiu 


Chap,  V.  ^i  Complete  Angler;      115 

buy  a  good  wind  of  one  of  the  honeft  witches> 
that  fell  fo  matny  winds  there,  and  fb  cheap, 

Fife.  Marry,  fcholar,  byt  I  would  not  be 
there,  nor  indeed  from  under  this  tree;  for  look 
how  it  begins  to  rain,  and  by  the  clouds,  if  I 

miftake 

vill  do  macb  better,  as  being  of  a  finer  graioi  and  left 
^ungy. 

Be  provided  with  marking-filk  of  all  colours,  fine,  bat 
very  ftron^,  flaw-filk,  gold  and  filver  flatted  wire  or  twift^ 
a  iharp  knife,  hooks  of  all  fixes,  hog's-briflles  for  loops 
to  your  flies,  fiioemaker's-wax,  a  large  needle  to  raufe  your 
dabbing  when  flatted  with  workings  and  a  Cnali  bot  iharjp 
pair  of  fciflTars. 

And  laftly,  if  any  nateriak  required  in  the  fabfeqnent 
fifts  of  flies  may  have  been  omitted  iq  the  foregoing  cata* 
logueiube  careful  to  add  them  to  your  former  flock  as  often 
as  you  fliall  find  any  fach  omifltons. 

Remember,  with  all  yoar  dubbing,  to  mix  bear*s-hair 
and  hog*s-wool,  which  are  ftifi^,  and  not  apt  to  imbibe  tho 
water,  as  the  fine  furs,  and  mofl  other  kind  of  dubbing 
do :  and  remember  alfo,  that  martern's  fur  is  the  beft  yel- 
low you  can  ufe. 

t  The  ufe  of  a  bag  is  attended  with  many  inconvenienciest 
of  which,  the  mixing  and  wafting  your  materials  are  not  the 
leafl ;  to  prevent  which,  the  following  method  is  recom* 
mended  ;  take  a  piece  of  fine-grained  parchment,  of  fevea 
inches  by  nine^  and  fold  it  fothat  the  ^lA  and  proportioa 
of  it  will  be  that  of  a  fmall  odlavo  volume ;  then  open  it* 
and  through  the  firft  leaf,  with  a  fliarp  penknife  and  a 
ruler,  make  three  crofs  cuts,  at  the  fame  proportionable 
diftance  as  thofe  in  PlatelX.  Fig.  i.  and  with  a  needle 
and  filk  flitch  the  two  leaves  together,  as  in  that  iigxxxfii 
let  each  of  the  margins  be  half  an  inch  at  leaft. 

Then,  with  a  pair  of  compafles,  take  the  diflance  from 
A  to  B,  and  fet  it  on  in  the  middle  of  a  fmajl  piece  of 
parchment ;  and  likewife  fet  on  the  fame  diftance  to  the 
right  and  left,  and  at  each  extremity  cut  ofi^,  with  a  pen- 
knife and  ruler  the  fpare  paxchmeut,  obfcrving  that  the 
fides  are  exaAly  parallel. 

la  At 


ir6         5l&tf  Complete  ANGtER.     PartP. 

miftakc  not,  we  fliall  prcfently  have  a  fmoaking- 
(hower,  and  therefore  fit  clofe,  this  fycamore- 
tree  will  (belter  us  r  and  I  will  tell  you,  as  they 
fhall  come  into  iny  mind,  m^re  obfervations  of 
fly-filhing  for  a  Trout. 

But 

At  aboat  a  quarter  of  an  inch  from  the  top,  make  a  cut 
through  the  firft  and' third  divifions^  and,  y^ixh  a  pair  of 
fciflars,  fnip  out  the  loofe  pieces. 

Then  fet  on. the  diftance  from  A  to  Cy  and  cut  as  before, 
leaving  the  middle  divifion  an  inch  longer  at  bottom  than 
the  others  :  when  thi«  is  done,  your  parchment  will  have 
the  fhape  and  proportion  of  Wg.  z»  and  you  may  cut*  the 
upper  nap  as  it  appears^  there. 

Be  careful  that  the  cuts»  and. indeed  all  your  work,  are 
exaflly  fquare;  and  when  chil  is  done,  turn  in  the  iide& 
and  ends  of  the  parchment,  fo  cut  as  before,  and  prefs  the 
folds  with  a  folding- flick,  and  you  have  one  pocket,  fhaped 
as  Fig.  3.  which  put  into  the  firfl  partftion. 

Purfne  the  fame  method  with  thefmall  pockets,  and  thofe 
for  the  other  partitions ;  and  in  this  manner  proceed  till  you 
have  completed  fix  leaves,  which  are  to  make  the  iirft  of 
your  book  :  the  larger  of  thefe  pockets  are  to  hold  hog'i- 
wool,  feal's-for,  and  bear's-hair,  and  the  fmallcr  the  finer 
furs;  which  are  thofe  of  the  martern,  fox-cub,  ^c. 

In  each  of  the  fix  divifions,  iii  every  leaf,  with  a  fad-^ 
ler's  hollow  punch,  make  a  hole ;  to  which  end,  take  a 
thin  narrow  (lick  of  beech,  or  any  hardifli  wood,  and  when 
the  pocket  is  in  its  place,  put  the  Hick  down  iitta  the 
pocket,  and,  obferving  the  center,  of  the-  divifion,  give 
the  punch  a  fmart  blow  with  a  mallet;  thefe  holes  will 
ihew  what  is  contained  in  each  of  the  pockets. 

The  next  leaf  may  be  fingle ;  flitch  it  acrofs  with  double 
iilk  diagonally,  and  crofs  thofe  flitches  with  others,  and 
the  fpaces  will  be  of  a  lozenge-fhape ;  let  the  flitches  be- 
half an  inch  in  length:  into  thefe  you  are  to  tuck  your 
dubbing,  \fhcn  mixed  ready  for  ufe. 

The  next  leaf  fhould  be  double,  ditched  with  a  margin  as 
the  others ;  and  through  the  firfl  fold  cut  a  lozenge,  as  big. 
as  the  fize  will  allow  of:  into  this  you  may  tuck  three  or 
four  wings  of  fmall  birds,  a$  the  darling,  the  land-rail,  the 

throflle. 


Chap.  V.   ff&  Cqaiplete  Angler.       J17 

But  firft  for  the  wind,  you  are  to  take  notice^ 
that  of  the  winds  the  fouth  wind  is  faid  to  be 
beft.    One  obferves,  that 


When  the  wind  is  foutb^ 


It  blows  your  bait  into  afijh^s  mouth. 

Next  to  that,  the  weft  wind  is  believed  to  be 
the  beft :  and  having  told  you  that  the  eaft 
wind  is  the  worft,  I  need  not  tell  you  which  wind 

is 

throftle,  (ff?.  At  tie  back  of  this  leaf  few  two  little  parch, 
ment  ftraps,  of  half  an  inch  wide,  very  ftron^ ;  through 
which  put  a  fmall,  but  very  neat  and  (harp  pair  of  fciflars. 

You  may,  on  another  fingle  leaf»  make  four  or  five  crofs- 
bars  of  long  ftitches,  through  which,  as  well  on  the  back  as 
^e  foreiide,  you  may  pat  large  feathers,  namely,  thofe  of 
a  cock-pheafaat*s  tail,  a  mddy-brown  hen,  ISc. 

The  next  three  leaves  Ihould  be  double ;  ftirch  them 
throi^h  the  middle,  from  fide  to  fide,  and  with  the  com. 
pafies  defcribe  a  circle  of  about  an  inch  and  half  diameter  ; 
cut  out  the  parchment  within  the  circle ;  uoder  Tome  of  the 
margins,  when  the  leaves  are  ftitched  together,  you  may  tuck 
peacock's  and  oftrich  herle,  and  in  others  lay  neatly  the 

§  olden  feathers  of  a  pheafant's  bread,  and  the  grey  and 
yed  yellow  mail  of  a  mallard. 

Three  double  leaves  more,  with  only  two  large  pockets  in 
each,  may  be  allotted  for  filk  of  various  colours,  gold  and* 
ilver-twift,  and  other  odd  things ;  fix  fingle  leaves  more 
will  complete  your  book  ;  flitch  them  from  fide  to  fide  with 
diftances  of  half  an  inch,  and  crofs  thofe  flitches  with 
others,  from  top  to  bottom,  with  fomewhat  greater  dif- 
tances ;  and  into  every  other  fpace,  reckoning  from  top  to 
bottom,  lay  neatly  and  fmoothly  a  flarling's  feather ;  do  the 
fame  on  the  back-fide,  and  io  tor  two  leaves. 

The  other  leaves  you  may  fill  with  land-raiPs  and  other 
fmall  feathers,  clover's  tops,  and  red  and  black  hackles. 

The  firfl  and  lafl  leaves  of  your  book  may  be  double, 
i^itched  in  the  middle,  from  fide  to  fide,  but  opcvi  at  the 

I  3  cd^es 


ttS        Tie  Complete  Angler.    PartL 

is  the  beft  in  the  third  degree ;  and  yet,  as  Soh- 
mon  obferVes,  that  ^^  he  that  considers  the  wind 
**  Ihall  never  fow  :'*  (o  he  that  bufies  his  head 
too  much  about  them,  if  fhe  weather  be  not 
made  extream  cold  by  an  eail  wind,  (hall  be  a 
little  fuperftitious  :  for  as  it  is  obferved  by  fomd|^ 
that  there  is  no  good  horfe  of  a  bad  colour  •,  fo 
I  have  obferved,  that  if  it  be  a  cloudy  day,  and 
not  extream  cold,  let  the  wind  (it  in  what  corner 
it  will,  and  do  its  worft,  I  heed  it  not.  And  yet 
take  this  for  a  rule,  that  I  would  willingly  fitfi 
ftanding  on  the  lee  (bore:  and  you  are  to  take 
notice,  that  the  fi(h  lies  or  fwims  nearer  the 
bottom,  and  in  deeper  water  in  winter  than  in 
fummer  \  and  alfo  nearer  the  bottom  tn  a  cold 
day,  and  then  gets  neareft  the  lee- fide  of  the 
water. 

But  I  promifed  to  tell  you  more  of  the  fly- 
Bihing  for  a  Trout,  which  1  may  have  time 
enough  to  do,  for  you  fee  it  rains  Mir/  butter : 
firft  for  a  Af<sy-fly,  you  may  make  hi^  body 
with  greenilh  coloured  crewel,  or  willowifii  co- 
lour ^  darkning  it  in  mod  places  with  waxed  filk^ 

edges ;  which  will  leave  you  four  pockets  like  thofe  of  a- 
commoo  pocket-book  ;  into  which  yoa  may  put  hooks«  aad 
a  fmall  piece  of  wax,  wrapped  in  a  bit  of  glow-leather. 

To  the  page  that  contains  the  mixed  dubbings^  there 
flioald  t^  an  index,  referring  to  tstry  divi£on  contained 
in  it,  and  exprefliag  what  fly  each  niixture  is  for. 

When  your  book  is  thus  prepared,  fend  it  to  the  binder 
with  diredions  to  bind  it  as  ftrong  as  poffible ;  let  him  leave 
a  'flap  to  one  of  the  boards,  and  faften  to  it  a  yard  of 
llbband  to  tie  it. 

The  ufefttlnefs  and  manifold  conveniencies  of  a  book  are 
apparent ;  and  whoever  will  be  at  the  pains  of  making  fuch 
a  one  as  this,  will  find  it  vaflly  preferable  to  a  magazine- 
bag. 

Or 


Chap.  V.  72^^  CoMPLBTl  Angler.       119 

or  ribbed  with  black  hair,  or  fome  of  them  ribbed 
vfith  diver  thread ;  and  fuch  wings  for  the  colour 
as  you  fee  the  fly  to  have  at  that  feafon,  nay,  at 
chat  very  day  on  the  water.  Or  you  may  make 
<he  oakvfly  with  an  orange  tawny  and  black 
ground,  and  the  brown  of  a  mallard's  feather  for 
the  wings  ^  and  you  are  to  know,  that  thefe 
cwo  ZK  mod  excellent  flies,  that  is,  the  May- 
ifiy  and  the  oak-fly.  And  let  me  again  tell  you, 
that  you  keep  as  far  from  the  water  as  you  can 
poflably,  whether  you  fiih  with  a  ily  or  worm, 
and  fi(h  ^own  the  ftream  ;  and  when  you  flfli 
with  a  ily,  if  it  be  poflible,  let  no  part  of  your 
line  touch  t^  water  \  but  your  ily  only ;  and  be 
ilill  moving  your  fly  upon  the  water,  or  cafting 
it  into  the  water,  you  yourfdf  being  alfo  always 
jnoving  down  the  ftream.  Mr.  Barker  com- 
mends feveral  forts  of  the  palmer-flies,  not  only 
thofe  ribbed  with  filver  and  gold,  but  others  that 
li^ve  their  bodies  aU  made  of  black,  or  fome 
with  red,  and  a  ted  hackle  ^  you  may  alfo  make 
<he  hawthorn-fly,  which  is  att  black,  and  not 
1)ig,  but  very  fmall,  thefmaller  the  better  ^  or 
che  oak-fly,  the  body  of  which  is  orange  colour 
and  black  crewel,  with  a  brown  wing,  or  a  fly 
made  with  a  peacock's  feather,  is  excellent  in  a 
bright  day  t :  You  muft  be  fure  you  want  not  in 

your 

*  This  is  inipoirib1e»  nolefs  you  dib  with  the  artiiidal  «s 
4vith  the  natural  fiy,  which  is  jie%*er  pr^^tifed.  The  me- 
thod of  throwing  or  cafting  is  more  particularly  treated  -of 
in  the  notes  on  Chap.  Y.  rart  II. 

f  j^  brother  cf  the  Angle  muft  always  hejpti 
WUb  thru  hlack  falmtrt^  and  alfo  two  red^ 

1.4  And 


120        STitf  Complete  Angler*    Parti. 

your  magazine*  bag  the  peacock's  feather,  and 
grounds  of  fuch  wool  and  crewel  as  will  make 
the  grafhopper  i  and  note,  that  ufually  (he  fmall- 
e(t  flies  are  the  bed;  and  note  alfo,  that  the 
light '|ly  does  ufually  make  mod  fport  in  a  dark 
day,  and  the  darkefl:  and  lead  fly  in  a  bright  or 
clear  day  ;  and  laftly  note,  that  you  are  to  repair 
upon  any  occaflon  to  your  magazine- bag,  and 
upon  any  occafion  vary  and  make  them  lighter 
or  fadder  according  to  your  fancy  or  the  day. 

And  now  I  fliail  tell  you,  that  tlie  fifhing 
with  a  natural  fly  is  excellent,  and  affords  much 
pleafure;  they  may  be  found  thus,  the  May^ 
fly  ufually  in  and  about  that  month  near  to  the 
river  fide,  efpecially  againfl:  rain;  the  oak- fly 
on  the  butt  or  body  of  an  oak  or  afli,  from  the 

^J  all  made  <wtih  hackles  :  in  a  cloudy  day^ 
Or  in  *windy  fweatber,  angle  you  may. 

But  morning  and  e^ueningy  if  the  day  be  bright ^  > 
And  the  chief  point  of  all  is  to  keep  out  of  fight* 
In  the  month  of  May,  none  but  the  ^ZY'Jb 
'     For  every  month  oney  it  a  pitiful  lye. 

^he  black  hanuthornfly  mufl  be  <very  fmalU 
And  the  fandy  hog^s  hair  is  fur e  beft  of  all  : 
For' the  mallard'*wing  Msyfyy  and  peacock^ s  train, 
mil  look  like  theflejhfly  to  kill  Trout  amain. 

^he  oak'fly  is  goody  if  it  ha*ve  a  broivn  nving  ; 

So  is  the grajhoppery  that  in  July  dothfing: 

With  a  green  body  make  himy  on  a  middle-fiz^d  hook  ; 

But  'whenyou  have  catch  fijhy  then  play  the  good  cook. 

Once  more,  my  good  br other y  Tllfpeak  in  thy  ear ; 
l^f>£*iy  ^fd  co<w*Sy  and  bear*S'ivooly  to  float  beft  appear  % 
Andfo  doth  your  fury  if  rightly  it  fall : 
,  But  alivays  remember ,  make  tivo,  and  make  alL 

A  fpeciinen  of  Mr.  Barhr*i  poetry ! 

begin. 


Chap.  V.  Ti&tf  Complete  Ancle]^.       i2t 

beginning  of  May  to  the  end  of  Augufi  %  it  is  a 
brownifh  fi/,  and  eafy  to  be  fo -found,  and 
ftands  ufually  with  his  head  downward,  that  is  to 
fay,  towards  the  root  of  the  tree*;  the  fmall 
black-fly,  or  hawthorn-fly,  is  to  be  had  on 
any  hawthorn  bufli  after  the  leaves  be  come 
forth  :  with  thefe  and  a  (hort  line,  as  I  Ihewed  to 

angle 

*  The  oak-fly  is  known  alfo  by  the  names  of  the  a(h-fly 
and  the  woodcock-fly ;  and  in  Zbropjhin  it  ib  called  the  can* 
non  or  downhill-fly.  Some  dub  it  with  black  wool  and  Ifa' 
lilia-coloQred  mohairy  and  bright  brownifh  bear's  hair,, 
warped  on  with  yellow  fllk»  bnt  the  head  of  an  aih  colour  ; 
others  dub  it  with  an  orange-tawney  and  black  ground;' 
others  with  blackifli-wool  and  gold-twift ;  the  wings  o£  the 
browa  of  a  mallard's  feather.  Bonnlker^  in  his  Jrt  of 
Jnglingf  Page  63,  fays,  *'  The  body  may  be  made  of  a 
"  bittern's  feather/  and  the  wings  of  the  feather  of  a 
•*  woodcock's  wing;"  and  adds,  **  This  fly,  as  I  have 
'*  lately  been  informed  by  a  gentleman  of  veracity,  is  bred 
**  in  thofe  little  balls  which  grow  on  the  Boughs  of  large 
**  oaks,  commonly  called  oak-apples;  which  heacciden- 
**  tally  difcovered  by  opening  feveral  of  thefe  balls  which 
**  had  been  gathered  in  the  winter,  and  brought  into  the 
*'  houfe,  in  each  of  which  was  found  the  cannon-fly  ;  fome 
'*  of  which,  being  enlivened  by  the  warmth  of  the  room^ 
"  immediately  took  flight,  and  flxed  in  the  window,  with  the 
**  head  downwards,  the  politjon  they  obierve  on  the  trees." 

This  difdbvery,  by  which  the  formation  of  galls  is  ac- 
counted for,  as  well  as  thefubflancesabovementioned,  was 
made  long  ago  by  the  fagacious  Malphigi  ;  who  had,-  with 
great  diligence,  attended  to  the  operations  of  infedts  in  the 
aA  of  depofiting  their  eggs ;  and,  m  his  treatife  de  Gallisy  he 
defcribes  the  hollow  inSrument,  wherewith  many  flies  are 
provided,  with  which  they  perforate  the  tegument  of  leaves, 
fruits,  or  buds,  and  through  the  hollow  of  it  injefl  their 
eggs  into  the  wounds  which  they  have  made  ;  where,  in 
procefs  of  time,  they  hatched  and  nourifhed  :  and  this 
he  beheld  one  of  thefe  infeds  dding  in  the  bud  of  an  oak. 
Sec  Mal^ighi  dt  GalHsp  Page  47. 

And 


122        Th  Complete  Ai^cler,    Parti, 

angle  for  a  chub,  you  may  dape  or  dop,  and 

alfo  with  a  grafhopper  behind  a  tree,  or  in  any 

deep  hole,  ftill  making  it  to  move  on  the  top  of 

the  water  as  if  it  were  alive,  and  ftill  keeping 

yourfelf  out  of  fight,  you  ftall  certainly  have 

^ort  if  there  be  Trouts  ^  yea,  in  a  hot  day,  but 

efpecially  in  the  evening  of  a  hot  day,  you  will 

have  fport. 

And  now,  fcholar,  my  diredion  for  fly-fi(h- 

ing  is  ended  with  this  ihower,  for  it  has  done 

raining ;  and  now  look  about  you,  andiee  how 

pleafantly  that  meadow  lobks  i  nay,  and  the 

earth  fmells  as  fweetly  too.    Come,  let  me  tell 

you  what  holy  Mr.  Herbert  f^ys  of  fuch  days  and 

flowers  as  thefe,  and  then  we  will  thank  God 

that  we  enjoy  them,  and  walk  to  the  river  and 

fit  down  quietly,  and  try  to  catch  the  other  brace 

of  Trouts. 

« 
Sweet  day  fo  eooU  fo  cdlm^  fo  bright^ 

The  bridal  of  the  earth  midjky  \ 

Sweet  dcwsjhall  weep  thy  fall  to-mghf^ 

far  tbeu  muft  die. 

£weet  rofe^  wbofe  hue  angry  and  brave^ 
Bids  the  rafh  gazer  wife  ins  eye^ 
IThy  root  is  ever  in  its  grave^ 

and  thou  muft  die. 

And  Dr.  Derhdtm  fays,  he  himfelf  **  had  once  the  gooi 
*^  fortone  to  fee  an  oak-  ball  ichneumon  (Irike  its  tetebra  into . 
**  an  oak  apple  divers  times,    no  doubt,   to  lay  its  tggz 
•*  thereia."     Pby/.  Theol  Book  8.  Chap.  6.  Note  hh. 

There  is  no  comparifon  between  the  nrft  of  thefe  autho* 
rities  and  thofie  of  the  two  perfons  laft  mentioned  :  but  it 
is  pleaiing  to  apply  the  accidental  difcoveries  of  unlearned 
men  to  the  confirmation  of  hypothefes  jof  which  diey  ai« 
']£noraat. 

Swea 


Chap.  V.  The  Coui^itrt  Angleii.      it^ 

SweeiJpHug^  full  of  fiveet  dofs  and  tofts ^ 
A  hox  where  fw Ms  compaffed  tie ; 
My,  mujic  Jbews  you  have  your  clofes^ 

and  all  muji  die. 

Onljf  afweet  and  virtuous  foul. 
Like  feafon*d  timber  never  gives. 
But  when  the  whole  word  turns  to  coal  \ 

then  cbiefy  liver. 

Venat.  I  thank  you,  good  mafter,  for  your 
good  direftion  for  fly-filhing,  and  for  the  fwect 
enjoyment  of  the  pleafant  day,  which  is  {p  far 
fpent  without  offence  to  God  or  man :  and  I 
thank  you  for  the  fwctt  clofe  of  your  difcourle 
with  Mr.  Herberi^s  verfcs,  who  I  have  heard 
loved  angling :  and  I  do  the  rather  believe  it^ 
becaufe  he  had  a  fpirit  fuitable  to  anglers,  and 
to  thofe  prirhitive  Chriftians  that  you  love,  atid 
have  fo  much  commended* 

Fife.  Well,  my  loving  fcholar,  and  I  am 
pleaied  to  know  that  you  are  fo  well  pleafed  mxh 
my  difeftion  and  difcourfe. 

And  fince  yo\ji  like  thcfe  verfes  of  Mr.  Her* 
hetf%  fo  well,  let  me  tell  you  what  a  reverend  and 
learned  divine  that  profefTes  to  imitate  hind,  and 
has  indeed  done  fo  moft  excellently,  hath  writ  of 
bur  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  which  I  know 
you  will  like  the  better,  becaufe  he  is  a  friend  of 
mine,  and  I  am  fure  no  enemy  to  angling. 

*  A*  Rtange  laetaphor  this !  and  a  broken  ooe  too  :  it  ia 
to  be  hoped  it  will  nerer  be  qaoced  as  an  inftance  of  the 
Jutlim. 

What 


JZ4        T'i'^  Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

•  •  • .       »  ■  '      •       ,  -  ^ 

What?  prcy'rly  th'boA?  and  common  fTes^why  not? 

Thefpirit  of  grace  ^ 
And  fupplicationy 
Is  not  left  free  alow: 
For  time  andplace^ 
But  manner  too :  to  read  orfpeak  hy  rotCy 
Is  all  alike  to  bim^  that  prays 
Ms  heart y  what  with  bis  moutb  be  fey ^^ 

Tbey  thai  inj>rivate  ty  tbemfehes  alone 

Do  pray  J  may  take 
What  liberty  they  pleafe^    - 
In  cbufing  of  the  ways 
Wherein  to  make 
Their  fouPs  moft  intimate  affeSfions  known 
To  him  that  fees  infecrety  when 

.  TF  are  moft  conceaVdfrom  other  men. 

* 

Bui  hCy  that  unto  others  leads  the  way 

In  public  prayer^ 
Should  do  it  fo 
jis  all  that  hear  may  know 
They  need  not  fear 
To  tune  their  hearts  unto  his  tongue^  and  fay  ^ 
Amen  •,  not  doubt  they  were  betrayed 
To  blafphemcy  when  they  meant  to  baveprafd. 

Devotion  will  add  life  unto  the  letter^ 

And  why  fhould  not 
That  which  authority 
Prefcribes^  eJlcem^J  be 
Advantage  got 'y 
If  tV  prayer  be  good^  the  commoner  the  better^ 

Prayer 


Chap.  V.  The  Complete  AKCLtit.      125 

Fyayer  in  the  church* s  words^  as  well 
Asfenfe^  of  all  prayers  hears  the  bell. 

Ch.  Harvi4^ 

And  now»  fcholar^  I  think  it  will  be  time  to 
repair  to  our  angle-rodls,  which  we  left  in  the 
water,  to  fi(h  for  themfelves,  and  you  (hall  chufe 
which  fliali  be  your*s  ^  and  it  is  an  even  lay,  one 
of  them  catches. 

And  let  me  tell  you,  this  kind  of  fifhing 
with  a  dead  rod,  and  laying  night-hooks,  are 
like  fiutting  money  to  ufe,  for  they  both  work 
for  the  Owners  when  they  do  nothing  but  fleep» 
or  eat,  or  rejoice ;  as  you  know  we  have  done 
this  laft  hour,  and  fat  as  quietly  and  as  free  from 
cares  under  this  fycamore,  as  FirgiPs  Tiiyrus  and 
his  Melibaus  did  under  their  broad  beech-tree» 
No  life,  my  honell  fcholar,  no  life  fo  happy 
and  fo  pleafant,  as  the  life  of  a  well  governed 
angkr*,.  for  when  the  lawyer  is  fwallowed  up 
with  bufinefs,  and  the  ftatefipan  is  preventing^or 
contriving  plots,  then  we  fit  on  cowflip-banks^ 
hear  the  birds  Hng,.  and  poflefs  ourfelves  in  as 
much  quietnefs  as  thefe  filent  filver  ftreams^ 
which  we  now  fee  glide  fo  quietly  by  us.  In- 
deed, my  good  fcholar,  we  may  fay  of  angling 
as.  Dr.  Boteter  faid  of  ftrawbcrries ;  "  Doubtlcls 
•'  God  could  have  niade  a  better  berry,  but 
^<  doubtlefsGod  never  did  :**  and  fo,  if  I  might 
be  judge,  "  God  never  did  make  a  more  calm, 
^^  quiet,  innocent  recreation,  than  angling." 

ril'  tell-  you,  fcholar,  when  1  fat  laft  on  this 
prjiTirofe-bank,  and  looked  down  thefe  meadows, 
I  thought  of  them  as  Charles  the  emperor  did 
of  the  cicj  oi  Florence :  •*  That  they  were  too 

*«  jglca- 


125         7i6/CoMPtEtB  Argjlbr.,    Part  L 

**  pleafant  to  be  boked  on,  but  only  on  holjr- 
•'  days:**  as  I  then  fat  on  this  very  grafs,  I 
turned  my  prefent  thoughts  into  verfe :  'twas  a 
wifli  which  ru  repeat  to  you. 

The  Angler's  WISH, 

,«   •     «       *  •  ■ 

Tin  ibefe^ow'n  meads  wou*d he: 

•*  7'be  cbryjtal  fireams  Jhould  folace  m, 

Ta  wkpfe  harmtdous  buhbUng  ifoifij 

I  with  n^  angle  would  rejoice^ 

Sit  here  and  fee  tbe  turtk'dovey  ,        * 

Court  bis  chafie  mate  to  aSls  cf  love  \     * 

Or  on  tbat  bank^  feel  tbe  wefi  wind 
Br  eat  be  bealtb  and  plenty^  pkafe  my  mind^ 
J'ojee  fw,eet  dew-drops  kifs  tbefe  flowers^ 
And  tben^  wa/h*d  off  by  April  powers  :  . 
•  Like  Her-    Here  bear  my  Ktnnzjing  *  ajhng  -f-, 
mit  poor.       Tberefee  a  blach  bird  feed  her  youngs 

Or  a  lever ock  build  her  neji  \ 

Here  give  my  weary  fpirits  reft^ 

And  raife  my  low-pitched  thoughts  ahv^ 

Earthy  or  what  poor  mortals  love : 
^hus  free  from  law-fuits^  and  tbe  noife 
Of  princes  courts^  I  wou^d  rejoice^ 

Orr 

+  We  fee,  ly  the  author's  reference  to  the  margin,  thiit, 
he  wilhes  tp  hear  Kenna^  his  miftrefi,  fing  the  ion?,  ••  Likt 
**  hermit  foorJ**  This  fong  was  fet  to  mufick  by  mr.  Nidi*^ 
Laneartf  an  eminent  ipaflber  of  Walton*&  time ;  who,  we  are 
told  by  W^^i  wi(s  alfo  an  excellent  painter ;  and  wbofe  por- 
trait is  yet  to  be  (cen  in  the  Mufick-fchool  at  Oxford i  and 
is  printed  with  the  notes,  in  a  colleftion  intitled,  •*  SiltH 
V  muficai  ayres  and  dialogues**  Fol.  1653.  The  fong,^  as^  it 
ftands  theire^  we  have  given  in  the  oppojfite  |>nge« 

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Chap.  V,  lT)€  Complete  Angler.      127 

Or 9  with  nrf  •  Bryan^  and  a  bookj 

Loiter  Icng  days  near  Shawford*  brook  f  ; 

^herejit  by  bim^  end  eat  my  meat^ 

^berefee  tbefun  hotb  rife  andfet : 

Tbere  bid  good  morning  to  next  day^ 

Tbere  meditate  my  time  away : 
And  angle  on^  and  beg  to  bave 
A  quiet  pajfage  to  a  welcome  grave. 

When  I  had  ended  this  compofure,  I  left  this 
place,  and  faw  a  brother  of  the  angle  (it  under 
that  honey fuckle- hedge,  one  that  will  prove 
worth  your  acquaintance  •,  I  fat  down  by  him, 
and  prefently  we  met  with  an  accidental  piece 
t)f  merriment,  which  I  will  relate  to  you,  for 
k  rains  (till. 

On  the  other  fide  of  this  very  hedge  fat  a  gang 
€>f  gypfies,  and  near  to  them  fat  a  gang  of 

It  was  aHb  fet  by  Stg.  JIfonfo  Ferabo/cOf  and  publifhed  in 
ft  Golle£lioii  of  his  airs,  in  foL  1 609  \  hot  Laneanh  being 
the  better  compofition,  we  have  chofe  to  give  it  the  pre£> 
fence,  by  inferting  it  here. 

There  is  no  doubt  bwt  that  this  ibng  was  a  favourite  one  ^ 
lor,  fome  years  aAer  therelloration,  the  three  firft  words  of 
it  were  btcone  a  phrafe.  The  afe6led  writer  of  the  life  of 
the  lord -keeper  Gmlfrrd^  Page  ci  a  of  that  book,  fpeaking 
of  Sir  Job  CharktOHt  then  chief  jqftice  of  Chefter^  fays,, 
he  wanted  to  fpeak  with  the  king,  and  went  to  Whitehall ; 
where,  retoming  from  his  walk  iii  St.  James^%  park,  he 
nuft  pafs  ;  and  there  he  fat  him  down,  '*  like  hermit  pow.*^ 
And  I  alfo  find,  annoBg  the  poeas  of  Mr.  Phineas  Fletcher^ 
hereafter  mentioned,  a  metaphrafe  of  the  xliid  Pfalm ; 
which,  we  are  told,  may  be  lung  to  the  tune  of  *'  Likf 
•*  hermit  foor** 

*  A  friend  of  the  aathor. 

f  &haiuferd  is  a  place  in  Biaffwdfifire.  ^   Sfelm.  FilL 

6  beggars : 


128         !ri^  Complete  Angler;    Parti. 

beggars  :  thegypfies  were  then  to  divide  all  the 
money  that  had  been  got  that  week,  either  by 
ftealing  linnen  or  poultry,  or  by  fortune  telling, 
or  legerdemain,  or  indeed,  by  any  other  fleights 
and  fecrets  belonging  to  their  myfterious  govern- 
ment. •  And  the  fum  that  was  got  that  week, 
proved  to  be  but  twenty  and  fomeodd  fhillings. 
The  odd  money  was  agreed  to  be  diRributed 
amongft  the  popr  of  their  own  corporation; 
and  for  the  remaining  twenty  fliillings,  that  was 
to  be  divided  unto  four  gentlemen  gypfies,  acr 
cording  to  their  feveral  degrees  in  their  common- 
wealth. 

*  And  the  firft  or  chicfeft  gypfy,  was,  by  con- 
fcnt,  to  have  a  third  part  of  the  twenty  fhillings  ; 
which  all  men  know  is  6  s.  8  d. 

The  fecond  was  to  have  a  fourth  part  of  the 
20  s.  which  all  men  know  to  be  5  s. 

The  third  was  to  have  a  fifth  part  bf  the  20  $• 
which  all  men  know  to  be  4s, 

The  fourth  and  laft  gypfy,  was  to  have  afixth 
part  of  the  20  s.  which  all  men  know  to  be 
3s.  4d.     . 

As  for  example, 

3  times  6  s.  8  d.  is —— 20  s. 
And  fo  is  4  times  5  s.       ■     20  s. 

And  fo  is  5  times  4s. 20  s. 

And  fo  is  6  times  3  s.  4d.     20s. 

And  yet  he  that  divided  the  money  was  fo 
very. a  gypfy»  that  though  he  gave  to  every  one 
thefe  laid  fucni,  yet  he  kept  one  (hilling  of  it  for 
himfclf. 

* 

As 


Chap.  Vr  The  Complete  Amoler.       129 

As  for  example,  s.  d. 

6  8 

5  o 

4  o 

3  4 


make  but  19  o 

But  now  you  fhall  know,  that  when  the  four 
'gypfies  faw  that  he  had  got  one  fhilling  by  divid- 
ing the  money,  though  not  one  of  them  knew 
any  reafon  to  demand  more,  yet  like  lords  and 
courtiers  every  gypfy  envied  him  that  was  the 
gainer,  and  wrangled  with  him,  and  every  one 
laid  the  remaining  (hilling  belonged  to  him :  and 
fo  they  fell  to  fo  high  a  contefl  about  it,  as  none 
that  knows  the  faithfulnefs  of  one  gypfy  to  ano- 
ther,  will  eafily  believe ;  only  we  that  have  lived 
thefe  laft  twenty  years,  are  certain  that  money 
has  been  able  to  do  much  mifchief.  However, 
the  gypfies  were  too  wife  to  go  to  law,  and  did 
therefore  chufe  their  choice  friends  Rook  and 
Sbark^  and  our  late  Engljjh  Gufman  *,  to  be  their 

arbitrators 

*  There  is  extant,  in  the  Spamjh  langndge,  a  book  which 
has  been  trsmfTated  into  EngUJh,  and  mod  of  the  other  Euro* 
pean  langaages,  inthled.  The  Life  0/ Gufman  d'Alfarache  | 
containing  an  account  of  many  cheats  and  rogneries  which 
this  fame  Gufman  is  related  to  have  pradlifed*  In  imica* 
tion  of  this  book,  Mr.  Richard  Headt  who  wrote  a  play 
or  two,  and  is  mentioned  by  Winflanley  as  a  poet,  pub- 
liihed  the  EngUJh  Rogue,  defcrihed  in  the  Life  ^Meriton  La* 
troon,  a  ^tty  extravagant 9  whom  he  makes  to  have  been 
a  member  of  a  gang  of  gypfies ;  the  hero  of  this  book  was 
generally  called  the  Englijb  Gufman ;  and  there  would  be.no 
*  K  doubt 


srbitrators  and  umpires ;  and  fo  they  left-  this 
honeyfuckle  hedge,  and  went  to  tell  fortunes, 
and  cheat,  and  get  more  money  and  lodging  in 
the  next  village. 

When  thefe  were  gone  we  heard  as  high  a 
contention  anfK)ngft  the  beggars,  whether  it  was 
€afieft  to  rip  a  cloak,  or  to  unrip  a  cloak  ?  one 
beggar  affirmed  it  was  all  one.  But  that  was  de- 
nied, by  aflcing  her,  if  doing  and  undoing  were 
all  one  ?  then  another  faid,  'twas  ealieft  to  unrip 
a  cloak,  for  that  was  to  let  it  alone.  But  (he  was 
anfwered,  by  aiking  her,  how  fhe  unript  it,  if. 
ihe  let  it  alone  ?  and  (he  confeft  herfelf  miftaken. 
Thefe  and  twenty  fuch  like  queftions  were  pro- 

{)ofed,  and  anfwered  with  as  much  beggarly 
ogick  and  earneftnefs,  as  was  ever  heard  to 
proceed  from  the  mouth  of  the  molt  pertinacious^ 
ichifmatick;  and  fometimes  aU  the  beggars, 
whofe  number  was  neither  more  nw  lefs  than 
the  poets  nine  mufes,  talked  all  together  about 
this  ripping  and  unripping,  and  foloud,  that  not 
one  heard  what  the  other  faid ;  but  at  laft  one 
beggar  craved  audience,  and  told  them  that  old 
father  Claufe^  whom  Ben  Johnfon  in  his  Beggar's^ 
Bujh  *  created  king  of  their  corporation,  was  that 
night  to  lodge  at  an  alc-houfe,  called  Catcb-ber- 
ly  tbe-way^  not  far  from  JVaUbam-crafs^  and  in 

doubt  that  Walton  alludes  to  !t,  bat  that  the  third  edition  of 
The  Complete  Jngier^  in  which  ^hislMfTage  firftoccurs,  was 
pobliihed  in  1664;  ^rhereas  ^he  EngUfi  Ropte  bears  dato- 
r666 ;  if  there  was  any  earlier  edition,  the  matter  is  dear-— 
i^(70i  and  Shark  can  be  duly  imagintry  aflbciates  of  the  En^ 
iijh  Gufmun* 

•  The  Comedy  of  The  Royftl  Mertbant^  or,  Aeggar^j^ 
Aujhi  was  written  by  SeMnmMt  artd  Fktchift  and  not  by 
Sen.  J^hnfan, 


^Chap;  V.   Thi  Cot^pletb  Aircttt.       131 

the  high  road  towards  Lfind^n ;  aod  he  therefore 
defired  them  to  fpend  no  more  cimc  about  that 
and  fuch  like  queftions,  but  refer  all  to  father 
Claufe  at  night,  for  he  was  an  upright  judge, 
and  in  the  mean  time  drew  cuts  what  fong  (hould 
:be  next  Tung,  and  who  (hould  fing  it;  they  all 
agreed  to  the  motion^  and  the  lot  fell  to  her  that 
was  the  youngeft,  and  verieft  virgin  of  the  com* 

Eany  ;  and  (he  fung  Frank  Davifon^s  fong,  which 
e  made  forty  years  ago,  and  all  the  others  of 
the  company  joined  to  fing  the  burthen  with  her  s 
the  ditty  was  this,  but  firft  the  burthen. 

Bright /bines  the  fun ^  play  ieggars  plaj^^ 
Her  e^s /crops  enougb  to/srve  to-doj. 

What  noi/e  0/  viols  is  /o  /weet^ 
As  when  our  merry  clappers  ring  ? 

tVhat  mirth  doth  want  when  beggars  meet  f 
A  beggar's  li/e  is /or  a  king. 

Eaty  drink  and  play ^  fieep  when  we  li/i^ 

Go  where  we  wilU  fi /locks  be  mift.  ^ 

Bright  ftnnes  tbe/un^  play  beggars  play% 
Her ^s /craps  enougb  to/erve  to-day. 

The  world  is  our\  and  our^s  dlone^ 
For  we  alone  have  world  at  wiU% 

We  purcba/e  not^  aU  is  our  own^ 

Both  fields  and/heets  we  beggars  fill  i 
Bright /bines  tbe/un,  play  beggars  play ^ 
Her e^s /craps  enougb  to/erve  to-day. 

A  hundred  herds  0/  black  and  t^bitc 

Upon  our  gowns  /ecurely  /etd  \ 
And  yet  i/  any  dare  us  bite^ 

He  dies  therefore^  as/ure  as  creed: 

K  2  S^mr 


1^2       ^he  Complete  ANOLERr     Parti. 

^bus  heggdrs  lord  it  as  thq  pleafe^ 

And  on^ beggars  live  at  eafe : 

Bright  Jhities  tbefun^  plof  beggars  plaj^ 
Here* sfcraps  emugb  toferve  to-day. 

Ven.  I  thank  you,  goo^  mafter,  for  this  piece 
of  merriment,  and  this  fong,  which  was  welL 
humoured  by  the  maker,  and  well  remembered 
by  you. 

Pifc.^  But  I  pray  forget  not  the  catch  which 
you  promifed  to  make  againft  night,  for  our 
countryman,  honefl:  Coridotiy  will  expeft  yoiir 
catch  and  my  fong,  which  I  muft  be  forced  to 
patch  up,  for  it  is  fo  long  fince  I  learnt  it,  that 
I  have  forgot  a  part  of  it.  But  come,  now  it 
hath  done  rainihg,  let's  ftretch  our  legs  a  little  in 
a  gentle  walk  to  the  river,  and  try  what  intered 
our  angles  will  pay  us  for  lending  them  fo  long 
CO  be  uTed  by  the  Trouts  \  lent  them  indeed,  like 
ufurers,  for  our  profit  and  their  de(lru£lion. 

Ven.  Oh  me,  look  you  mailer,  a  fifh  !  a  fifh ! 
oh,  alas,  mailer,  I  have  loll  her ! 

Fife.  Ay,  marry.  Sir,  that  was  a  good  fifli  in- 
deed :  if  I  had  had  the  luck  to  have  taken  up 
that  rod,  then  'tis  twenty  to  one  he  fliould  not 
have  broke  my  line  by  running  to  the  rod's  end, 
as  you  fuffered  him.  I  would  have  held  him 
within  the  bent  of  my  rod,  unlefs  he  had  been 
fellow  to  the  great  Trout  that  is  near  an  ell  long, 
which  was  of  fuch  a  length  and  depth,  tfiat  he 
had  his  pidure  drawn,  and  now  is  to  be  feen  zt 
mine  \iO^Rickabie\  at  the  George  in  Ware\  and 
it  may  be,  by  giving  that  very  great  Trout  the 
rod,  that  is,  by  calling  it  to  him  into  the  water, 
I. Igh,h.vecau6b.  bin,  «  belong  run  >  for  fo 


^1 


V 


t 

chap.  V.    Tbe  Complete  Angler;       133 

I  ufe  always  to  do  when  I  meet  with  an  over- 
grown fi(h,  and  you  will  learn  to  do  fo  too 
hereafter ;  for  I  tell  you,  fcholar,  fi(hing  is  an 
art,  or  at  leaft,  it  is  an  art  to  catch  fifli. 

Fen.  But  mafter,  I  have  heard  that  the  great 
Trout  you  fpeak  of  is  a  Salmon. 

Pifv.  Truft  me,  fcholar,  I  know  not  what  to 
fay  to  it.  There  are  many  country  people  that 
believe  hares  change  fexes  every  year:  and 
there  be  very  many  learned  men  think  fo  too,  for 
in  their  diiTeding  them,  they  find  many  reafons 
to  incline  them  to  that  belief.  And  to  make  the 
wonder  feem  yetlefs,  that  hares  changefexes,  note 
that  Dr.  Mer.  Cafaubon  affirms  in  his  book  of 
credible  and  incredible  things^  that  Gafper  Peu- 
cerusj  a  learned  phyfician  *,  tells  us  of  a  people 
that  once  a  year  turn  wolves,  pardy  in  (hape,  and 
partly  in  conditions.  And  fo,  whether  this  was 
a  Salmon  when  he  came  into  frefli  water,  and  his 
not  returning  into  the  fea  hath  altered  him  to 
another  colour  or  kind,  I  am  not  able  to  fay ;  but 
I  am  certain  he  hath  all  the  figns  of  being  a 
Trout  both  for  his  ihape,  colour,  and  fpots,  and 
yet  many  think  he  is  not. 

Ven.  But  mafter,  will  this  Trout  which  I  had 
hold  of  die  ?  for  it  is  like  he  hath  the  hook  in 
his  belly. 

Pifc.  I  will  tell  you,  fcholar,  that  unlefs  the" 
hook  be  faft  in  his  very  gorge,  *tis  more  than 
probable  he  will  live,  and  a  little  time  with  the 
help  of  the  water,  will  ru(t  the  hook,  and  it 
will  in  time  wear  away  j  as  the  gravel  doth 

*  And  mathematician,  born  tt  Lu/iaia,  15259  he  mar- 
ried the  daughter  oi  MelanShon  ;  wrote  many  booki  on  va- 
rious fubjefts^  and  died  1602,  ag«d  7S. 

K  3  in 


13^        STi&tf  Complete  Anpler.      Parti. 

*  yenat.  But,  matter,  do  not  Trouts  fee  us  in 
the  night? 

Pifc,  Yes,  and  hear,  and  fn>ell  too,  both 
t^tn  and  in  the  day  time  ;  for  Gefner  obferves, 
the  Otter  fmclls  a  fi(h  forty  furlongs  off  him  in 
the  Water :  and  that  it  may  be  true,  fecms  to  be 
affirmed  by  iSir  Francis  Bacon^  in  the  eighth 
century  of  his  natural  hiftory,  who  there  proves 
that  waters  may  be  the  medium  of  founds,  by 
demonftrating  it  thus  j  "  That  if  you  knock  two 
*'  ftones  together  very  deep  under  the  water, 
^  thofe  that  ftand  on  a  bank  near  to  that  place, 
*'  may  hear  the  noife  without  any  diminution  of 
*^  it  by  the  water/*  He  alfo  oifersthe  like  expe- 
riment concerning  the  letting  an  anchor  fall  by 
a  very  long  cabfe  or  tope  on  a  rock,  or  the  fand 
within  the  fea :  and  this  being  fo  well  obferved 
and  demonftrated,  as  it  is  by  that  learned  man, 
has  made  me  to  believe  that  Eels  unbed  them^ 
felves,  and  (lir  at  the  noife  of  thunder,  and  not 
only  as  fomc  think,  by  the  motion  or  ftirring 
of  the  earth  which  is  occafioned  by  that  thunder. 

And  this  reafon  of  Sir  Francis  Bacon^  Exper. 
792*  has  made  me  crave  pardon  of  one  that  I 
laughed  at  for  affirming,  that  he  knew  Carps 
came  to  a  certain  place  in  a  pond,  to  be  fed  at 
the  ringing  of  a  bell  or  the  beating  of  a  drum  : 
and  however,  it  (hall  be  a  rule  for  me  to  make 
as  little  noife  as  I  can  when  I  am  fifhing,  until 
Sir  Francis  Bacon  be  confuted,  which  I  Ihall  give 
any  man  leave  to  do  *• 

« 

"   *  That  l!{h  hear,  is  confirmed  by  the  authority  of  late 
writers;  Sivammerdam  aflcrts  it,   and  adds^  that  "  they* 
^'  have  a  wonderful  labyrinth  of  the  ear  for  that  purpofe.'^ 
ISee  S<iyammerdam  oi  \nk&9^    Edit.  London^  ^75^'  P^S*  ^^ 

And, 


1^ 


J 


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—      J I  ,,i  Vj 


ecl>  iif 


Qj  J  r'  '■' 


^/M^i^  an4i^  ^torwyif  amC  Car^y  ami 

^  ir  r  J  M   J I 


^  ^    riJ   J,  J-  I  J  J    II    J 


@S 


Cart.' ami ^  i(£rn^i/      a/2/{  ^^rru^  O^f^A  /  • 

J I  f  J.  J 


s 


J  J  II  I 


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Kr    r   i 


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tAe    Hisa/A^r    Jifmft^ 


a 


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n'  I  r  r    r^ 


fAti^t    Turr /Tt^Y/  ire  ^Mx^  n477i' iAif'    It     yj^ti^^VM, 

I'M    r  ir  r  Jir  \,,l\^  g 


andy 


N  _ 


trdm^to   Adt  •! 


Chap.  V.    ^be  Complete  Angler;     -137 

And,  leaft  you  may  think  him  fingular  in  this 
opinion,  I  will  tell  you,  this  fcems  to  be  believ- 
ed by  our  learned  Dodor  Hakewill^  who  in 
his  Jipology  ef  God^s  fovotr  and  providence  *, 
ft  360,  quotes  Plinf  to  report,  that  one  of  the 
emperors  had  particular  fi{h-ponds,  and  in  them 
fevcral  fi(h,  that  appeared  and  came  when  they 

.  were  called  by  their  particular  names  -f- :  and 
St.  James  tells  us,  chap.  iii.  7.  that  all  things 
in  the  fea  have  been  tamed  by  mankind.  And 
PUfTf  tells  us,  Lib.  be.  35.  thzt  Antonia^  the  wife 
of  Drufus^  had  a  Lamprey,  at  whofe  gills  (he  hung 
jewels  or  ear-rings :  and  that  others  have  been 
fo  tender-hearted,  as  to  (hed  tears  at  the  death 
of  6fhes,  which  they  have  kept  and  loved. 
And  thefe  obfervations,  which  will  to  moft 
hearers  fcem  wonderful,  feem  to  have  a  further 
confirmation  from  Marital  X^  Lib.  iv.  Epigr.  30, 
who  writes  thus : 

'  -  Pifcatorfuge  ne  nocens^  &c. 

Angler, 

*  Tfats  book,  which  was  publiihed  in /olio,  16359  and  is 
I    full  of  excellent  learning  and  good  fenfe,  contains  an  exa- 
mination and  cenfare  of  that  common  error  which  philo- 
fophers  ^ave fallen  into,  '*  That  there  is  in  nature  a  perpe- 
*«  tual  and  aniverfal  decay;"  the  contrary  whereof,  after  an 
extenfive  view  of  the  hiftory  of  thephyfical  and  moral  world, 
.    and  a  judicious  and  impartial  comparifon  of  former  ages  with 
,    that  wherein  the.^uthbr  lived,  is,  with  great  force  of  argu<^ 
\    ment,  demonftrated.     The  reader  may,  in  this  book,  meet 
with  a  relation  of  that  inftance^f  Lord  Cromivell's  gratitude 
'     to  Sig.  Fre/co6aldi,  a  Florentine  merchant,  which  is  con* 
tained  in  the  hiftory  of  Thomas  Lord  Crom^welU  publilh'd  as 
Shahefptar^'^  by  feme  of  the  earlier  editors  of  his  works. 

t  Monf.  Berniert  in  his  hiftory  of  Ijuloftan,  rpports  the 
like  of  the  Great  Mogul* 

%  The  epigram,  at  length,  is  as  folbws ; 
Pifcator,  fuge^  ne  nocens  recedas^ 
• '    Sdfrit  pifcibus  ha  natantur  unda* 


^38.       Th  Coitfri.B7s  Aktclsr. 

Angler,  woMJi  tbtm  hegmbkfs  I  thenforUwry 
iFcr  thefe  are  facred  Jijhes  that  fwim  hen  5 
Who  knaw  their  fovemgn^  and  will  lick  his  bandj 
Than  which  ^  nonets  greater  in  the  world's  a^mmand  t 
Nay  more^  *  have  names ^  and  when  fhey  called  are^ 
D$  to  their  fever al  owners  call  repair. 

AH  the  further  ufe  that  I  {hall  make  of  this  Ihall 
be,  to  advife  anglers  to  be  patient,  and  forbear 
fwearing,  left;  they  be  beard  and  catch  no  fi(b^ 

And  fo  I  ihall  proceed  next  to  tell  you,  it  is 
certain,  that  certain  fields  near  Leominfter^  a  town 
in  Hereford/hire^  are  obferved  to  make  the  flwep 
that  graze  upon  them  more  fat  than  the  next^ 
and  alfo  to  bear  finer  wool ;  that  is  to  fay,  that 
that  year  in  which  they  feed  in  fuch  a  particula^ 
pafture,  they  (hall  yield  finer  wool  than  they  did 
that  year  before  they  came  to  feed  in  it,  and 
coarfer  again  if  they  fiiall  return  to  their  former 
pafture ;  and  again  return  to  a  finer  wool,  being 
fed  in  the  fine  wool  ground.  Which  I  tell  you, 
that  you  may  the  better  believe  that  I  am  cer- 
tain, if  I  catch  a  Trout  in  one  meadow  he  (hall 
be  white  and  faint,  and  very  like  to  be  lowfy  ^ 
and  as  certainly,  if  I  catch  a  Trout  in  the  next 
0ieadow,  he  fhall  be  ftrong,  and  red,  and  lufty, 
and  much  better  meat :  truft  me,  fcholar,  I  have^ 
caught  many  a  Trout  in  a  particular  meadow, 
that  the  very  fhape  and  the  enamell'd  colour  01 

j^i  noruftt  dominum,  mttnuntque  tamiunt, 
iTlam  qua  nihil  eft  in  orBe  majus 
^uidf  quod  nomeni  babent  I  (^  ad  magiftri 
VQcem  quifquifui  'venit  citatusF 

hm 


Chdp*  V.   ^be  CoMPLBT£  Angler.       i^^ 

him  hath  been  fuch,  as  hath  joyed  me  to  look 
on  him :  and  I  have  then  with  much  pleafure 
concluded  with  Solomon^  ^^  Every  thing  is  beau* 
**  tiful  in  his  feafon.** 

I  fliould  by  promife  (peak  next  of  the  Salmon, 
but  I  will  by  your  favour  fay  a  little  of  the  Um- 
ber or  Grayling ;  which  is  fo  like  a  Trout  for 
his  fhape  and  reeding,  that  I  defire  I  may  exer* 
cife  your  patience  with  a  (hort  difcourfe  of  him, 
and  then  the  next  (hall  be  of  the  Salmon  *« 

CHAP. 

^  Tbe  Trout  delights  in  fmall  parling  rivers  and  brooks* 
with  gravelly  bottoini  and  afwift  ilream ;  his  haunts  are  an 
eddy,  behind  aftone,  a  log»  or  a  bank  that  projeAs  forward 
into  the  river»  and  againn  which  the  ftream  drives ;  a  ihal* 
low  between  two  ftreams,  or,  towards  the  latter  end  of  th« 
fammer,  a  mill-tail.  His  hold  is  nfoally  in  the  deep,  under 
the  hollow  of  a  bank,  or  the  root  of  a  tree. 

TheTront  fpawns  about  the  beginning  of  Novmier,  and 
does  not  recover  till  the  begining  of  March, 

WaUoH  has  been  fo  particuar  on  the  fahje^t  of  Trout- fiA« 
ing,  that  he  has  left  very  little  room  to  fay  any  thing  by  waf 
of  annotadon  with  refpeft  to  baits,  or  the  method  of  taking 
this  fifli ;  yet  there  are  fome  dire^ons  and  obfervations  per* 
tinent  to  this  chapter,  which  it  would  not  be  confiftent  witk 
the  intended  copioufnefs  and  accuracy  of  this  work  to  omit* 

When  you  nih  for  large  Trout  or  Salmon,  a  winch  of 
the  ihape  of  Fi^.  4.  Plate  IX.  will  be  very  ufefnl :  upon 
the  rod  with  which  you  ufe  the  winch,  whip  a  number  of 
fmall  rings  of  about  an  eighth  of  an  inch  diameter,  and  at 
firft  about  two  feet  diftant  from  each  other;  but  afterwards 
diminifiiing  gradually  in  their  diftances,  till  you  come  to  the 
end :  the  winch  mull  be  fere  wed  on  to  the  butt  of  your  rod» 
and  round  the  barrel  let  there  be  wound  right  or  ten  yards 
of  wove  hair  or  filk  line :  when  yon  have  ftruck  a  fi(h 
that  may  endanger  your  ttckle,  let  the  line  ran,  and  wind 
him  op  as  he  tires. 

YoQ  will  find  great  convenience  in  a  fpike  madeof  a  piece 
of  the  greater  end  of  a  fword-bladey  fcrewed  inlo  the  Utber 

end 


»4o       7*i&f  GoMPtETE  Angler.      Parti. 


C  H  A  P.    VI. 

Obfervations  oft&eXJMBER  ^rGRAYLiNG, 
and  DireSlions  how  tojijhfor  him. 

Pis  CAT  OR. 

T:!^  H  5-  Umber  and  .Grayling  are  thought 
by  feme  to  differ  as  the  Herring  and 
Pilchard  do.  But  though  they  may  do 
fo  in  other  nations,  I  think  thofe  in  England 
differ  nothing  but  in  their  names.  Aldrovandus 
fays,  they  be  of  a  Trout  kind  :  and  Gefner  fays, 
that  in  his  country,  which  is  Swiizerland^  he  is 
accounted  the  choiceft  of  all  fifli.  And  in  Italy ^ 
he  is  in  the  month  of  May  fo  highly  valued, 
that  he  is  then  fold  at  a  much  higher  rate 
than  any  other  fifh.  The  French^  which  call 
the  Chub  Un  Villain^  call  the  Umber  of  the 
lake   LemaUy    Un  Umble  Chevalier -,    and  they 

end  of  the  butt  of  your  rod  :  when  you  have  ftruck  a  fi(h 
retire  backwards  from  the  river,  and,  by  means  of  the 
fpike,  ftick  the  rod  perpendicular  in  the  ground,  you  may 
then  Jay  hold  on  the  lin)?,  and  draw  the  iifh  to  you,  as  yoa 
fee  proper, 

\Vhen  you  angle  for  a  Trout,^  whether  with  a  fly  or  at 
ihe  ground,  you  need  make  but  three  or  four  trials  in  a 
place ;  which,  if  unfuccefsful,  you  may  conclude  there  ar^ 
5one  there. 

IFaltotty  in  fpeaking  of  the  feveral  rivers  where  Trout  are 
found,  has  made  no  mention  of  the  Kennet  ;  which,  un- 
doubtedly, produces  a?  good  and  as  many  Trouts  as  any 
river  in  E^igland.  In  the  reign  of  king  Charles  the  fecond, 
a  Trout  was  taken  in  that  river,  near  Nen.vhuryy  with  a 
cafting  net,  which  meafwred  foj:ty>(ivd^incbei  in  length. 

value 


\ 


Chap.  VI.   T'i&tf  Complete  Angler.      141 

value  the  Umber  or  Grayling  fo  highly,  that 
they  fay  he  feeds  on  gold,  and  (ay  that  manr 
have  been  caught  out  of  their  famous  rive  ofr 
Loirej  out  of  whofc  bellies  grains  of  gold  have 
been  often  taken.  And  fome  think  that  he  feeds 
onwater-thymd/aftdfmellsor'ftaifhisfirft  taking 
out  of  the  water ;  and  they.xnay  think  fo  with  as 
good  reafqo  9s  we  do,  that-oUtfmclts  fmell  like 
violets  at  ^thcir  being  firft  caught,  which  I  think 
is  a  truth.  Aldroviandus  fays,  the  Salmon,  the 
GrayUng,,.and-Tif6ut,  and  all- fifti  that  live  in 
clear  and  (nafp  ftrtamsj  are  made  by  their  mo- 
.ther  Nature  of  fuch  exaftfhape  and  pleafant  co- 
lours, purpofely  to  invite  us  to  a  joy  and  content- 
cdnefs  in  feafting  with  her.  Whether  this  is  a 
truth  or  not,  is  not  my  purpofe  to  difpute ;  but 
'tis  certain,  all  that  write  of>  the  Umber  declare 
him  to  be  very  medicinal.  And  Gefner  fays, 
that  the'fat  of  an  Umber  or  Grayling  being  fet 
with  a  little  honey,  a  day  or  two  in  the  fun  in  a 
little  glafs,  is  very  excellent  againft  rednefs,  or 
fwarthinefs,  or  any  thing  that  breeds  in  the  ey^^. 
Sahian  *  takes  him  to  be  called  Umber  from  his 
fwift  fwimming  or  gliding  out  of  fight,  more 
like  a  (hadow  or  a  ghoft  than  a  fi(h.  Much  more 
might  be  faid  both  of  his  fmell  and  tafte,  but  I 
fhall  only  tell  you,  that  St.  Ambrofe^  the  gloriom 
biihop  of  Milan^  who  lived  when  the  church 
kept  fafting-days,  calls  him  the  flower- filli,  or 
flower  of  fifties ;  and  that  he  was  fo  far  in  love 
with  him,  that  he  would  not  let  him  pafs  with- 

'  •  HippoliU  Salvianif  an  Italian  phyfician  of  the  fixtecnth 
century  ;  he  wrote  a  treatife  De  Pijcibui^  cum  eorumfguris  ; 
and  died  at  Rome  1572,  aged  59. 

put 


X42  9^  Complete  Angler.  Part  f . 
out  the  honour  of  a  long  difcourfe ;  but  I  mu&f 
and  pals  on  to  tell  you  how  to  take  this  dainty 
fiOu 


Firft,  note.  That  he  grows  not  to  the  bignefs 
of  a  Trout;  for  the  biggeft  of  them  do  not 
ufually  exceed  eighteen  inches :  he  lives  in  fuch 
rivers  as  the  Trout  does,  and  is  ufually  taken 
with  the  fame  baits  as  the  Trout  is,  and  after  the 
lame  manner,  for  he  will  bice  both  at  the  min- 
now, or  worm,  or  fly,  though  he  bites  not  often 
at  the  minnow,  and  is  very  gamefome  at  the  fly, 
and  much  Ampler,  and  therefore  bolder  than  a 
Trout  i  for  he  will  rife  twenty  times  at  a  fly,  if 
you  mifs  him,  and  yet  rife  again.  He  has  been 
taken  with  a  fly  made  of  the  red  feathers  of  a 
parakita,  a  Arrange  outlandifh  bird,  and  he  will 
rife  at  a  fly  not  unlike  a  gnat  or  a  fmall  moth, 
or  indeed-,  at  mofl:  flies  that  are  not  too  bi^. 
He  is  a  fijh  that  lurks  clofc  all  winter,  but  is 
very 


Cbap#VI.   ne  Complete  Akglsr.      143 

very  pleafant  and  jolly  after  mid-j^l^  and  in 
A£^,  and  in  the  hot  months :  he  is  of  a  veiy 
fine  (hape,  his  fle(h  is  white,  his  teeth,  thole 
little  ones  that  he  has,  are  in  his  throat,  yet  he 
has  fo  tender  a  mouth,  that  he  is  oftner  loft 
liter  an  angler  has' hooked  him,  than  any  other 
filh»^  Though  there  be  many  of  thefe  fifhes  in 
the  delicate  river  Dwe  and  in  Trenty  and  fome 
other  ftiMitler  rivers,  as  that  which  runs  by  SaHf' 
hryj  yet  he  is  not  fo  general  a  filh  as  the  Trout, 
nor  to  me  fo  good  to  eat  or  fo  angle  for.  And 
fo  I  Ihall  take  my  leave  of  him,  and  now  come 
to  fome  obfervations  of  the  Salmon,  and  how  to 
catch  him  *• 

CHAP. 

*  The  haants  of  the  Grayling  are  fo  nearly  the  fame  with 
thofe  of  the  Trout,  that  in  fi£ing  for  either  you  may,  in 
many  rivers,  catch  both. 

They  fpawn  about  the  beginning  of  jffriJ,  when  they 
lie  moftly  in  iharp  ftream». 

Baits  tor  the  Grayling  are.chieily  the  fame  as  thofe  for  the 
Trout,  except  the  minnow,  which  he  will  not  take  fo  freely* 
He  will  alfo  take  gentles  very  eagerly.  When  you  £fh  for 
him  with  a  fly,  yon  can  hardly  ufe  one  too  fmall. 

The  Grayling  is  much  more  apt  to  rife  than  defcend  ; 
therefore,  when  you  angle  for  him  alone,  and  not  for  the 
Trout,  rather  ufe  a  float,  with  the  bait  from  ixx  to  nine 
inches  from  the  bottom,  than  the  running- liDe, 

The  Grayling  is  found  in  great  plenty  in  many  rivers  In 
the  north,  particularly  the  Humber ;  and  in  the  Wyet  which 
runs  thro^h  Monmguthjhire  and  Herrfordjhire  into  the  Si* 
<vern^  I  have  taken,  with  an  artificial  fly,  very  large  ones  ;  at 
alfo  great  numbers  of  a  fmall,  but  excellent  fiih,  of  the  Trout 
kind,  called  a  Laft-fpring ;  of  whicH  fomewhat  will  befaid 
ip  a  fubfec[ttent  note.  They  are  not  eafily  to  be  got  at  with- 
outii  boat,  or  wading;  for  which  reafon,  thofe  of  that  coun- 
try ufe  a  thing  they  call  a  thorrocle,  or  truckle;  in  fome 
places  it  is  called  a  coble,  from  the  Latin  corbult^,  a  little 

balket : 


J44       ^'  CoMPLEtB  ANdtER.    Parti. 


C  H  A  P.    VII. 

Obfervations  of  the  Salmon,  mtbDireSihns 

bow  tofijhfor  him, 

PiSCATOR. 

THE  Salmon  is  accounted  the  king  of 
freih-water-fifh,  and  is  ever  bred  in  rivers 
relating  to  the  fea^  yet  fo  high  or  far 
from  it  as  admits  of  no  tinfture  of  fait,  or 
brackifhncfs ;  he  is  faid  to  breed  or  caft  his 
fpawn  in  moft  rivers,  in  the  month  of  Augufi  : 
fome  fay  that  then  they  dig  a  hole  or  grave  in 
a  fafe  place  in  the  gravel,  and  there  place  their 
eggs  or  fpawn,  after  the  melter  has  done  his 
natural  office,  and  then  hidq  it  moft  cunningly, 
and  cover  it  over  with  gravel  and  ftones  ;  and 
then  leave  it  to  their  Creator's  prote6lion,  who 

baiket :  it  is  a  baiket  fhaped  like  the  half  of  a  walnut-fhelt, 
bat  fhallower  in  proportion,  and  covered  on  the  outfide 
with  a  horfe's  hide :  it  has  a  bench  in  the  middle,  and  will 
jufl  hold  one  perfon,  and  is  fo  light  that  the  countrymen 
will  hang  it  on  their  heads  like  a  hood,  and  fo  travel  with 
a  fmall  paddle,  which  ferves  for  a  ftick,  till  they  come  to 
a  river ;  and  then  they  launch  it,  and  Jdep  in :  there  is 
great  difficulty  in  getting  into  one  of  thofe  truckles,  for 
the  inflant  you  touch  it  with  your  foot  it  flies  from  you  ; 
and'  when  you  are  in,  the  leaft  inclination  of  the  body  over- 
iets  it.  It  is  very  diverting  to  fee  how  upright  a  man  is 
forced  to  fit  in  thefe  veflels,  and  to  mark  with  what  date 
and  folemnity  he  draws  up  the  flone  which  ferves  for  an 
anchor,  when  he  would  remove,  and  lets  it  dawn  again  : 
however,  it  is  a  fort  of  navigation  that  I  Wf  jnd  wiSi  Ottr  ' 
pifcatory  difciple  never  to  attempt. 

by 


.Chap*  VII.  Tit^  CoMPLETB  Angler.     145 

by  a  gentle  heat,  which  he  infufes  into  that  cold 
eleixient,  makes  it  brood  and  beget  life  in  the 
fpawn,  and  to  become  Samlets  early  in  the  fpring 
next  following. 

The  Salmons  having  fpent  their  appointed 
lime,  and  done  this  natural  duty  in  the  freih 
waters,  they  then  hafte  to  the  fea  before  winter, 
both  the  melter  and  fpawner :  but,  if  they  be 
ftopc  by  flood-gates  or  wears,  or  loft  in  the 
frelh.  waters,  then  thofe  fo  left  behind,  by  de- 
;fees  grow  lick  and  lean,  and  unfeafonable  and 
ipperi  that  is  to  fay,  have  bony  griftlcs  grovr 
out  of  their  lower  chaps^  not  unlike  a  hawk's 
beak,  which  hinders  their  feeding,  and  in  time 
fuch  fi(h  fo  left  behind  pine  away  and  die.  'Tis 
obferved,  that  he  may  live  shus  one  year  from 
the  fea ;  but  he  then  grows  infipid  and  taljtrlefs, 
iu)d  lofes  both  his  blood  and  ftrength,  and  pines 
md  dies  the  fecond  year.  And  'tis  noted,  that 
thofe  little  Salmons  called  Skewers,  which 
abound  in  many  rivers  relating  to  the  fea,  arc 
bred  by  fuch  fick  Salmons  that  might  not  go 
to  the  fea,  and  that  though  they  abound,  yet 
they  never  thrive  to  any  confiderable  bignefs. 

But  if  the  old  Salmon  gets  to  the  fea,  then 
that  griftle  which  (hews  him  to  be  kipper,  wears 
away,  or  is  call  off,  as  the  eagle  is  faid  to  ca(t 
his  bill,  and  he  recovers  his^ ftrength,  and  corner 
next  fummer  to  the  fame  river,  if  it  be  poflible, 
to  enjoy  the  former  pleafures  that  there  poffcft 
him  *  ^  for,  as  one  has  wittily  obferved,  he  has 

like 

*  The  migration  of  the  Salmon,  and  divers  other  forts  of 
fiflies,  is  analogous  to  that  of  birds ;  and  Mr.  Ray  confirms 
FP^ahon*s  ailertion  by  faying,  that  **  Salmon  will  yearly  af- 

L  <'  cend 


146        ^be  Complete  Angler.    Fart  I. 

like  fome  perfons  of  honour  and  riches,  which 
have  both  their  winter  and  fummer-houies,  the 
frelh  rivers  for  fummer,  and  the  fait  water  for 
winter,  to  fpend  his  life  in ;  which  is  not,  as  Sir 
Francis  Bacon  hath  obferved  in  his  Hifttny  of  Life 
and  Deatby  above  ten  years  :  and  ic  is  to  be  oh* 
ferved,  that  though  the  Salmon  does  grow  big 
in  the  lea,  yet  he  grows  not  fat  but  in  frefti  rivers  ^ 
and  it  is  obferved,  that  the  farther  they  get  from? 
the  fea,  they  be  both  the  fatter  and  better. 

Next  I  (hall  tell  you,  that  though  they  make 
very  hard  fliift  to  get  out  of  the  frefli  rivers  into 
the  fea,  yet  they  will  make  harder  (hift  to  get 
out  of  the  fait  into  the  freih  rivers,  to  fpawn,  or 
polTefs  the  pleafures  that  they  have  formerly  found 
in  them :  to  which  end,  they  will  force  them- 
felves  through  flood-gates,  or  over  wears,  ot 
hedges,  or  ftops  in  the  water,  even  to  a  height 
beyond  common  belief.  Gefner  fpeaks  of  fuch 
places,  as  areknown  to  be  above  eight  feet  high 
above  water.  And  our  Camden  mentions  in  his 
Britannia  the  like  wonder  to  be  in  Pemhokefiire^ 
where  the  river  ^ivy  falls  into  the  fea  j  and  that 
the  fall  is  fo  downright,  and  fo  high,  that  the 
people  (land  and  wonder  at  the  ftrength  and 
(light  by  which  they  fee  the  Salmon  ufe  to  get 

*'  cend  up  a  river  four  or  fivehundred  miles,  only  to  caft  theit 
**  fpawn,  and  fecur^  it  in  banks  of  fand  till  the  voung  be 
*l  hatched  and  excluded,  and  then  return  to  fea  again."  Wif* 
tiom  of  God  manifefted  in  the  tuorks  of  tht  crtatioti,     130, 

It  may  not  be  improper  iiere  to  take  notice,  that  in  this, 
and  feveral  other  parts  of  the  book,  the  fa£ts  related  by  the 
author,  do  mod  remarkably  coincide  with  later  diicoveriea 
of  the  moil  diligent  and  fagacious- natural  ids ;  acircumdaace 
that  mud  ddd  great  weight  to  all  his  adertions. 

I  put 


Chap.  VII.  The  Complbtb*  Anolsr.    ^47 

out  oi  the  fea  into  the  faid  river ;  and  the  manner 
and  height  of  the  place  is  fo  notable,  that  ir  is 
known  far  by  the  name  of  the  Salmon- leap -^ 
concerning  which,  take  this  alfo  out  of  Michael 
Drayton  *,  my  honcft  old  friend,*  as  he  tells  ic 
you  in  his  FofyoHion  f*. 

^nd  when  the  Salmon  feeh  a  frefier  Jlream  to  find ^ 
Which  hither  from  the  fea  comes  yearly  by  his  kindi 
As  he  towards  feafon  grows j  andftems  the  watry  tra£f 
ff^bere  Tivy  falling  dawn,  makes  an  high  cataraiff 
Forced  by  the  rijing  rocks  that  theh  her  courfe  oppafe^ 
As  tho*  within  her  bounds  they  meant  her  to  inclofe  % 
Here^  when  the  labouring  fifh  does  at  the  foot  arrive^ 
And  finds  that  by  his  ftrength  ie  does  but  vainly 

ftrive ; 
His  tail  takes  in  his  mouthy  and  bending  Uke  a  how 
^bafs  to  full  ccmpafs  drawn^  alofj  himfelf  dotif 

*  Ad  excellent  poet,  born  in  TTarwUiJbh^,  1563.  A-» 
mong  his  works,  which  are  very  nnmeroas/is  the  PoM^ 
lion,  a  chorographical  defcription  of  the  rivers,  mpnntainF, 
foreds,  caftles,  (^c»  is  this  ifland.  Though  this  poenft  has 
great  merit*  it  is  rendered  moch  more  valuable  by  the  learn* 
•d  notes  of  Mr.  ^fA/ps.  TJie  ^alitor  died  in  1631,  and 
lies  iburied  among  the  poets  fn  Wefiminfter  abbey, 

t  Dr.  Warhurton,  in  the  preface  to  his  Shakefpeare,  fpeak- 
ifig  of  this  poem,  fays  it  was  written  by  dne  Drayton  ;  a  mode 
of.expreffion  very  common  with  great  men,  when  they  mean 
Xi>  confign  the  memory  of  others  over  to  oblivion  and  con- 
tempt. Bifhop  Burnet  fpeaking  of  the  negotiations  previous 
fo  fbS  peace  of  Utrecht,  fays  in  like  manner,  that  **  one 
**  Prior  was  employed  to  fini(h  the  treaty.'*  But  both  thefe 
gentlemen,  in  this  their  witty  application  of  an  innocent  nK>-» 
Dofyliabl^,  were  but  imitators  of  the  S<uv^/^ambafrador,who 
complained  to  ffl^itkci,  that  a  treaty  had  been  fent  to  be* 
translated  by  one  Mr.  Milton,  a  blind  man*  JVhit,  Memr^633.. 

•     .    -  L  2  ^ben 


148        5*i6^  Complete  Angler.    Parti, 

Then  Jpringing  at  his  height y  as  dath  a  little  wandy 
That  bended  end  to  endy  and  fiarted  from  marfs  hani^ 
Far  off  itfelj  doth  caji  ;  Jh  does  the  Salmon  vauU^ 
Jindtf  atfirft  hefaiU  his  fecond  fummerfauU  * 
He  injlantly  effaysy  and  from  his  nimble  ring^ 
Still  yerkingy  never  leaves  until  himfelf  he  fling 
4kovejhe  oppojing  ftream. 

This  Mxhael  Drayton  fells  you  of  this  kap  or 
fuimncrfault  of  the  Salmon. 
'  And  next  I  (hall  tell  you^  that  it  is  obferved 
by  Gefner  and  others,  that  there  is  no  better 
Salmon  than  in  Et^land :  and  that  though  fome 
of  our  northern  counties  have  a^  fat  and  as  large 
as  the  river  Thames^  yet  none  are  of  lb  excellent 
a  fade. 

And  as  I  have  told  you  that  Sir  Francis  Bacon 
obferveSy  the  age  of  a  Salmon  exceeds  not  tea 
years,  fo  let  me  next  tell  you,  that  his  growth  is 
very  fudden :  it  is  faid,  that  after  he  is  got  intp 
the  fea,  hQp4)ecomes  from  a  Samlet  not  fo  big 
as  a  Gudgeon,  to  be  a  Salmon,  in  as  (hort  a  time 
as  a  gofling  becomes  to  be  a  goofe.  Much  of 
this  has  beea  obferved  by  tying  a  ribband  or 
fome  known  tape  or  thread,  in  the  t^il  of  fom^ 
young  Salmons,  which  have  been  taken  in  wears^ 
as  they  have  fwimmed  towards  the  fait  water» 
and  then  by  taking  a  part  of  them  agsun  with 
the  known  mark  at  the  fame  place  at  their  return 
from  the  fea,  which  is  ufually  about  fix  months 

*  Sammer&alt,  or  fummerfet*  frCMn  /onhri/auh<,  Fr.  A 
high  leap,  in  which  the  heels  are  thrown  over  the  head. 
John/,  Did.  To  throw  ^  Aimmerfet,  is  a  phiafe  cofiimoR 
with  tumblers. 

after  ^ 


Chap,  VlhTie  Coiviplete  Ancl^er.     149 

after;  and  the  like  experiment  hath  been  tried 
\]pon  young  fwallows,  who  have,  after  fix  months 
abfeace,  been  oUerved  to  /^turn  to  the  fame 
chimney,  there  to  make  their  nefts  and  habita* 
tions  fot  the  fummer  following :  which  has  in- 
x:lined  many  to  think,  that  every  Salmon  ufually 
returns  to  the  fame  river  to  which  ic  was  bred» 
as  young  pigeons  taken  out  of  the  fame  dove* 
cote  have  alfo  been  obferved  to  do. 

And  you  are  yet  to  obferve  further,  that  the 
he-Salmon  is  ufually  bigger  than  the  fpawner, 
and  that  he  is  more  kipper,  and  lefs  able  to  en- 
dure a  winter  in  the  frem  water  than  (he  is,  yet 
ibe  is  at  that  time  of  looking  lefs  kipper  and 
better,  as  watry,  and  as  bad  meat. 

And  yet  you  are  to  obferve,  that  as  there  is 
no  general  role  without  an  exception,  fo  there 
are  fome  few  rivers  in  this  nation,  that  have  . 
Trouts  and  Salmons  in  feafon  in  winter,  as  'tis 
certain  there  be  in  the  river  PFye  in  Monmoutb-- 
Jbirty  where  they  be  in  (eafon,  as  Camden  obfervesy 
fr^om  September  tiH  JpriL  But,  my  fcholar,  the 
obfervation  of  this  and  many  other  things,  I 
mufl:  in  manners  omit,  becaufe  they  will  prove 
too  large  for  our  narrow  compafs  of  tjme,  and  . 
therefore  I  Ihaltnext  fall  upon  my  dire£tions  how 
to  fi(h  for  this 


L  3  Sal- 


t50        The  CoMPLBTB  Angler.    FartT. 
Salm  on 


.  And  for  that^  firft  you  ftall  obfervr,  that 
ufually  he  ftays  not  long  in  a  place  as  Trouts 
vi\\\,  but,  as  I  faid,  covets  ftill  to  go  nearer  the 
fpring-hcad  ■,  and  that  he  does  not  as  the  Trout, 
and  many  other  fiftj,  lie  near  the  water-fide,  or 
bank  or  roots  of  trees,  but  fwims  in  the  deep 
and  broad  parts  of  the  water,  and  ufually  in  the 
middle,  and  near  the  ground  j  and  that  there 
you  are  to  fifh  for  him,  and  that  it  ts  to  be 
caught  as  the  Trout  is,  with  a  worm,  a  minnow, 
which  fome  call  a  penk,  or  with  a  fly. 

And  you  are  to  obfcrve,  that  he  is  very  feldom 
obferved  to  bite  at  a  minnow,  yet  fometimes  he 
will,  and  not  ufually  at  a  fly,  but  more  ufually 
at  a  worm,  and  then  moft  ufually  at  a  lob  or 
garden-worm,  which  Ihould  bewell  fcoured,  that 
is  to  fay,  kept  feven  or  eight  days  in  mofs  before 
you  filh  with  them :  and  if  you  double  your 
time  of  eight  into  fixteen,  twenty,  or  more  days. 


Ghap.  VII.  Thi  Complete  Angler.     15^ 

t  is  ftUl  the  better,  for  the  worms  will  ftill  be 
clearer,  tougher,  and  more  lively,  and  continue 

fo  longer  upon  y5>ui;  b^9^»r  V^^^^V  ^^Y  ^  ^^p^ 
longer  by  keeping  them  cool  and  in  frelh  mofs, 
and  fome  advife  to  put  camphire  into  it. 

Note  air^.4ha€  many  u£b  to  fiflnjbr  a  Salmon 
withu^a'^fing  of  wire  on  the  top  of  their  rod, 
thrco^fi  which  the  line  may  run  to  as  great  a 
lei^£.a^  ;ieedful  when  kc  is  hooked.  And 
to  JLhat  end,  fome  uie  a  wheel  about  the  middle 
of  their  rod,  or  near  their  hand,  which  is  to  be 
obferved  better  by  feeing  one  of  them,  than  by 
a  large  dcmonftration  of  words. 

And  now  I  (hall  tell  you,  that  which  may  be 
called  a  fecret :  I  have  been  a  fifhing  with  old 
OUvar  Henliy^  now  with  God,  a  noted  filhef 
both  for  Trout  and  Salmon,  and  have  obferved^ 
that  he  would  ufually  take  three  or  four  worms 
out  of  his  bag,  and  put  them  into  a  little  box  in 
his  pocket,  where  he  would  ufually  let  them 
continue  half  an  hour  or  more,  before  he  would 
bait  his  hook  with  them  ;  I  have  afked  him  his 
reafbn,  and  he  has  rcfdicd,.  *'  He  did  but  pick 
*'  the  beft  out  to  be  in  readinefs  again  ft  he  baited 
**  his  hook  the  next  time :"  But  he  has  been  ob- 
ferved both  by  others  and  myfelf,  to  catch  more 
fifli  than  I  or  any  other  body  jthat  has  ever  gone 
a  fifhing  with  hiai  coi;ld  do,  and  efpecially  Sal- 
mons s  and  I  have  been  told  lately  by  one  of  his 
mod:  intimate  andfecret  friends,  that  the  box  in 
which  he  put  thofe  worms,  was  anointed  with  a 
drop,  or  two  or  three,  of  the  oil  of  ivy-berries, 
made  by  expreffion  or  infufion  j  and  told  that  by 
the  worms  remaining  in  that  box.  an  hour,  or 
a  like  time^  they  had  incorporated  a  kind  of  fmeli 

L  4  that 


15^         ^te  Complete  Angler.    Partt. 

that  was  irrefiftibly  attraftivc,  enough  to  force 
iny  fifli  within  the  fmell  of  them,  to  bite.  This 
I  heard  not  long  fince  from  a  friend,  but  have 
not  tried  it ;  yet  I  grant  it  probable,  and  refer 
^y  reader  to  Sir  Frandc  Bacon's  natural  hiftory, 
where  he  proves  fifhes  may  hear,  and  doubtlefs  can 
more  probably  fmell :  and  1  am  certain  G^^r 
fays,  the  Otter  can  fmell  in  the  water,  and  I 
know  not  but  that  fi(h  may  do  fo  too :  'tis  left 
for  a  lover  of  angling,  or  any  that  defires  to 
improve  that  art,  to  try  this  condufion. 

I  Ihall-alfo  impart  two  other  experiments,  but 
not  tried  by  myfclf,  which  1  will  deliver  in  the 
lame  words  that  they  were  given  me  by  an  excel- 
lent angler  and  a  very  friend,  in  writing;  he 
cold  me  the  latter  was  too  good  to  be  told,  but  in  a 
learned  language,  left  it  fliould  be  made  common. 
Take  the  {linking  oil,  drawn  out  of  poly- 

pqdy  of  the  oak  by  a  retort,  mixt  with  tur* 

pentine  and  hive-honey,  and  anoint  your  bait 
*•  therewith,  and  it  will  doubtlefs  draw  the  fifli 
*^  to  it." 

The  other  is  this :  VuJnera  bedera  grandifftnue^ 
inflilla  fudant  Balfamum  oleo  gelato^  albicantique 
ferjimik't  odoris  vero  longe  fuavijfimt. 

*Tis  fupremely  fweet  to  any  filh,  and  yet  aflTa- 
ibetida  may  do  the  like  *. 

But 

•  There  is  extant,  though  I  have  never  been  able  to  get 
«  fight  of  it,  a  book  in  titled.  The  Secrets  of  Jngling^  i^  J.  D« 
^t  the  end  of  which  is  the  following  myftical  recipe  of  ^.  R, 
who  poifibly  may  be  the  R,  Roe  mentioned  in  the  preface. 

To  blifs  thy  balt^  and  male  the  fijh  to  hite^ 

4^6 1  here*f  a  ineaos,  if  thou  tanfi  hit  it  right ;    , 

Tah 


4i 


Chap.  VII.  7**^  Complete  Angler.     153 

But  in  thcfc  things  I  have  no  great  faith,  yet 
grant  it  probable,  and  have  had  from  fome  chy- 
mical  men,  namely,  from  Sir  Ge&rgc  Hajlings  and 
others,  an  affirmation  of  them  to  be  very  advan* 
tageous :  but  no  more  of  thefe,  efpecially  not 
in  this  place. 

•  \  might  here,  before  I  take  my  leave  of  the 
Salmon,  tell  you,  that  there  is  more  than  one 
fort  of  them,  as  namely,  a  Tecon,  and  another 
called  in  fome  places  a  Samlet,  or  by  fome  « 
Skegger :  but  thefe  and  others  which  I  forbear 
to  name,  may  be  fifh  of  another  kind,  and  diffin^^ 
as  we  know  a  herring  and  a  pilchard  do  \  which 
I  think  are  as  diflferent,  as  the  rivers  in  which 
chey  breed,  and  muft  by  me  be  left  to  the  di(qui« 

fitions 

^aki  gum  of  lifit  nvill  htaf  and  laid  tofiak 
In  eiifWilJ  drA<wH  from  that  f  ivbich  Jk/Uf  ibt  hA»     f '  I«|r 
Fifif  ivhere  thou  luiltf  thoujhalt  hwtfpwt  thy  Jill  ^ 
JVbm  Qthenfailf  thoujhalt  be  fur  t  to  iill* 

The  ingenious  author  of  The  Angler^ f Jure  Guide,  pohliflicd 
ip  BvOy  1 706,  in  the  preface,  and  elfewhere,  afcribes  thir 
book  to  **  that  great  pradlitioner,  mafter,  and  patron  of 
'*  angling.  Dr.  Douae.'^l  could  wi(h»  for  the  honour  of 
angling,  that  the  appellations  were  jnft ;  but  I  confefs  I 
doubt  as  much  whether  he  was  an  angler,  as  I  do  his  being 
the  author  of  the  above  book  ;  neither  of  which  circum* 
ilances  would,  I  thinki  have  been  omitted  by  Walton,  had 
the  fadls  been  true* 

*  There  is  a  fifh,  in  many  rivers,  of  the  Salmon  kind, 
which,  though  very  fmall,  is  thought  by  fome  curious  per* 
fons  to  be  of  the  famefpecies  ;  and  this,  I  take  it,  is  the  £(h 
known  by  the  different  names  of  Salmon<Pink,  Shedders, 
Skeggers,  Lad- Springs,'  and  Gravel  Lafl-Sp rings.  But  there 
is  another  fmall iifh,  very  much  fefembling  thefe  in  ihape  and 
colour,  called  the  Gravel  Lafl-Spring,  found  only  in  the  ri- 
f€n/fye  and  Severn;  which  is,  undoubtedly,  a  diftind  fpe- 

+vf^  /  A  i^>-^  ftA-i^^r^J^  ^/2^*^^^     cic« ; 


154         ^^  CoMPirETE  Angler;    PartL 

(icions  of  men  of  mor^  leifure,  and  of  greater 
abHities,  than  I  profefs  myfelf  to  have. 

And  laftly,  I  am  to  borrow  fo  much  of  your 
promifed  patience,  as  to  tell  you  that  the  Trout 
or  Salmon  being  iq  feafon,  have  at  their  firfi: 
taking  out  of  the  water,  which  continues  during 
lifc,^  their  bodies  adorned,  the  one  with  fuch  red 

cies  :  Thefe  fpawn  about  the  beginning  ofSefumhr,  and 
in  the  ^^^I  nave  taken  them  with  an  ant-fly  as  fa^  as  I 
could  throw^.  Perhaps  this  is  what  fPa/ton  calls  the  Tecon.  A 
very  experienced  angler,  and  a  writer  on  tiie  fubjeft  of  fly- 
fifliing»  whom  we  have  often  ouote^  leaking  of  this  EQi^ 
bas  the  following  paiTage ;  **  I  had  the  curiofinr  of  opening 
**  fome  of  them,  and  found  them  to  be  full  of  male-fpawn 
*'  near  ihedding,  but  never  could  perceive  any  female- 
**  ipawn  :  I  therefore  am  certain  this  mnft  be  a  fpecies  of 
itfelf,  as  having  fpawn,  but  cannot  account  for  this  fiih 
having  no  femaie-fpawn  which  may  be  difcerned.     Many 
have  been  of  opinion  that  they  are  the  fp^wn  of  the  fick 
Salmon,  which  cannot  get  out  of  th6  frelh  rivers  to  fea, 
and  being  the  offspring  of  a  weak  feed  or  generation;  is 
the  reafon  of  their  diminutive  iize,  and  incapacity  of 
•(  breeding  again  :  but  I  take  this  to  be  an  error  ;  because 
«  the  Salmon  ever  fpawn  when  in  perfedl  health  only,  before 
their  time  of  going  to  fea,  and  fpawn  no  more  til!  their 
return  to  fea,  thereby  to  be  purged  and  cleanfed  by  the 
fait  water,   they  pine  away,  and  die  in  their  imprifba-> 
**  ment,  either  by  exceffive  cold  in  frefh  water,  or  for  want 
*«  of  purgation,  or  both :  now  the  purging  of  the  fait  water 
**  may  as  well  be  a  reafon  why  Salmon  grow  fo  faft,  as  the 
^*  want  thereof  the  caufe  why  they  pine  away  and  die  fo 
♦•  foon,  when  confined  to  freih  rivers;  for  Salmon  being  a 
**  fiih  of  prey;  ^nd  great  feeders,  nature  directs  them  to 
«'  fait  water,  as  phyfick,  to  purge  and  cleanfe  them,  not 
**  only  from  their  impurities  after  fpawning,  but  from  all 
"  theiismuddy  and  grofs  humours  acquired  by  their  exceffive 
*<  feeding  all  the  fummer  in  freih  rivers,  and  hardens  their 
*•  fat  and  flefh ;  which  makes  them  not  only  grow  the  fafter, 
but  alfo  become  the  more  wholfome  food,  favoury  nnd 
grateful  to  mankind.''    Bowlktrh  Art  of  Angling.  7. 

Ipots, 


«C 


€$ 


ti 


Chap.  VIII.  TJbe  Complete  Angler.    T55 

fpots^  and  the  other  with  fuch  bkck  or  blacki(h 
fpots,  as  give  theni  fuch  an  addition  of  natural^ 
beauty,  as  I  think,  was  never  given  to  any 
Mroman  by  the  arttfidal  paint  or  patches  in  which 
they  Jb  much  pride  themfelves  in  this  age.  And 
fo  I  (hall  leave  them  both  *,  and  proceed  to  fome 
obfesvationfr  on  the  Pike* 


♦—AiW**^*-"^***'""**""*****^*" 


CHAP.    VIII. 

OJ^rvatioMs  of  t&e  Luce  ^rPiKE,  wit& 
DinSfions  bow  tojijhfor  bim. 

Pi  S  C  ATOR. 

r 

TIJE  mighty  Luce  or  Pike  is  taken^ 
to  be  the  tyrant,  as  the  Salmon  is  tha% 
king  of  the  frefli  waters.  'Tis  not  to  be 
doubted,  but  that  they  are  bred,  fome  by  gene- 
ration, and  fome  not ;  as  namely,  of  a  weed 
called  pickerel-weed,  unlefs  the  leai^ned  Gefner 
be  much  miftaken :  for  he  fays^  this  weed  and 
other  glutinous  matter,  with  the  help  of  the  fun's 

heat 

•  The  Sdmon  delights  in  large  rapid  rivers^  efpeciall/ 

fuch  as  have  pebbly,  gravelly,  and  fometimes  weedy  bottoms. 

Their  afaal  time  of  fpawning  is  about  the  beginning  of 

September  ;  but  it  is  faid  that  tbofe  in  the  Sen/ern  fpawu  is 

Maj. 

'  Baits  for  Salmon  are,- lob  worms  for  the  ground,  fmaller 
worms  and  bobs,  cad-bait^  and  indeed  moft  of  the  baits 
taken  by  the  Trout,  at  the  top  of  the  water:  and  as  to  flies, 
remember  to  make  iheih  of  the  noft  gaudy  colours,  and  very 

larger 


i'5$        ^^  Complete  Angler,    Parti, 

heat  in  feme  particular  months^  and  fotne  pond^ 
adapted  for  it  by  nature^  do  become  Pikes«  But 
doubtlefs  divers  Pikes  are  bred  after  this  manner^ 
or  are  brought  into  fome  ponds  fome  fuch  other 
ways  as  is  paft  man's  finding  out,  of  which  we 
l>ave  daily  teftimonies. 

Sir  Francis  Bacon  in  his  hiftory  of  iife  and 
death,  obferves  the  Pike  to  be  £hc  longeft  lived 
of  any  frefh  water  fiih»  and  yet  he  computes  it 
to  be  not  ufually  above  forty  years,  and  others 
chink  it  to  be  not  above  ten  years,  and  yet  Gef- 
ner  mentions  a  Pike  taken  in  Swideland  in  th6 
ytar  X449,  with  a  ring  about  his  neck,  declaring* 
Jbe  was  put  into  that  pond  by  Frederick  the  fecond, 
niore  than  two  hundred  years  before  he  was  laft 
taken,  as  by  the  infcription  in  that  ring,  beii 
Greeks  was  interpreted  by  the  then  bifliop 
Worms.    Eut  of  this  no  more,  but  that  it  is  ob^^ 
mrwtdy  that  the  old  or  very  great  Pikes  have  in 
ibem  more  of  date  than  goodnefs,  the  fmaller 
or  middle-fized  Pikes  being  by  the  moft  and 
choiced .  palates  obferved  to  be  the  bed  meat  y  . 
and  contrary,  the  Eel  is  obferved  to  be  the  better 
for  age  and  bignefs. 

large.  There  5s  a  fly  called  the  horfe-lcech  fly,  which  he  is 
very  fond  of;  they  are  of  various  colours,  have  great  heads, 
large  bodies,  ^tty  Ittv  tails,  and  two,  and  fome^iave  three*^ 
pair  of  wings,  placed  behind  each  other  :  behind  each  pair 
of  wings  whip  the  body  about  with  gold  or  £lver  twifl,  or 
both,  and  do  the  fame  by  the  head ;  with  this  fly  (ifli  at« 
length,  as  for  Trout  and  Grayling  :  but  if  you  dib,  do  it 
with  tu'O  or  three  butterflies  of  diiFerent  colours,  orwi(h 
fome  of  the  moft  glaring  fnnall  flies  yon  can  find. 

The  winch  is  peculiarly  appropriated  to  fly-fifliing  :  The 
manner  of  ufing  it,  you  will  find  in  th^dditional  duedtions 
for  taking  the  Trout. 

All 


Chap.  VIILT^^  Complete  Angler.    157 

All  Pikes  that  live  long  prove  chargeable  to 
their  keepers,  becaisfe  their  life  is  maintained  by 
the  death  of  fo  many  other  fi(h,  even  thofe  ci 
their  own  kind  ;  which  has  made  him  by  feme 
writers  to  be  called  the  tyrant  of  the  rivers,  or 
the  frefli  water  wolf,    by  reafon  of  his  bold, 
greedy,  devouring  difporuion,  which  is  fo  keen, 
as  Gefner  relates  a  man  going  to  a  pond,  where 
it  feems  a  Pike  had  devoured  all  the  fi(h,  to  water 
his  mule,  had  a  Pike  bit  his  mule  by  the  lips ; 
to  which  the  Pike  hung  fo  fad,  that  the  mule 
drew  him  out  of  the  water,  and  by  that  accident 
the  owner  of  the  mule  angled  out  the  Pike. 
And  the  fame  Gefner  obferves,  that  a  maid  in 
Poland  had  a  Pike  bit  her  by  the  foot  as  flie  was 
walhing  clothes  in  a  pond.     And  I  have  heard 
the  like  of  a  woman  in  KiUingworib  pond,  not 
far  from  Coventry.     But  I  have  been  afiured  by 
my  friend  Mr.  Seagrave^  of  whom  I  fpake  co 
you  formerly  *y  that  keeps  tame  Otters,  that 
he  hath  known  a  Pike  in  extrcam  hunger  fight 
with  one  of  his  Otters  for  a  Carp  that  the  Otter 
l^^d  caught,  and  was  then  bringing  out  of  the 
water.     I  have  told  you  who  relates  thefe  things, 
and  tell  you  they  are  perfons  of  credit,  and  (hall 
conclude  this  obfervation,  by  telling  you  what 
a  wife  man  has  obfcrved,  "  Jt  is  a  hard  thing  to 
•'  perfuadc  the  belly,  beqiufe  ir  has  no  ears  f." 

But 

•  Sec  Page  50. 
f  As  acoDfirmation  of  the  above  parcicalars,  take  the  fot- 
lowing  relation  of  the  beforementioned  Mr.  Bowlker^  '^  Mf 
•*  father  catched  a  Pike  In  Barn-Meer,  (a  large  ftanding 
•*  water  in  Chepitt)  was  an  ell  long,  and  weighed  thirty*five 
•*  pounds,  which  he  brought  to  the  lord  Chobnandely  :  his 
^  lordihip  ordered  it  to  be  turned  into  a  canal  in  the  gar- 

"    dCD, 


158         ll'be  Complete  Angler,    Pari^. 

But  if  thefe  relations  be  difbelieved,  it  is  too 
evident  to  be  doubted,  that  a  Pike  will  devour  a 
fiih  of  his  own  kind,  that  (halite  bigger  than 
his  belly  or  throat  will  receive,^  and  (wallow  a 
part  of  him,  and  let  the  other  part  remain  in  his 
mouth  till  the  fwallowed  part  be  digefted,  and 
then  fwallow  that  other  part  that  was  in  his 
mouth,  and  fo  put  it  over  by  degrees ;  which  is 
not  unlike  the  ox  and  fome  other  beads  taking 
their  meat,  not  out  of  their  mouth  immediately 
into  their  belly,  but  firft  into  fome  place  betwixt, 
and  then  chew  it,  or  digeft  it  by  degrees  after, 
which  isi  called  chewing  the  cud.  And  doubt- 
Icfs  Pikes  will  bite  when  they  are  not  hungry,  but 
as  fome  think,  even  for  very  anger,  when  a 
tempting  bait  comes  near  to  them. 

And  it  is  obfcrved,  that  the  Pike  will  eat  ve* 
nemoujf  things,  as  fome  kind  of  frogs  are,  and  yet 
live  without  being  harmed  by  them :  for  as  fome 
fay,  be  has  in  him  a  natural  balfam,  or  antidote 
againft  all  poifon :  and^  he  has  a  ftrange  heat. 


den,  wherein  were  abundance  af  feveral  forts  of  Efh* 
About  twelve  months  after  his  lordfhip  draw'd  the  caimi^ 
and  found  that  this  overgrown  Pike  had  devoured  all  thf 
hih,  except  one  large  Carp,  that  weighed  between  nine 
and  ten  pounds,  and  that  was  bitten  in  feveral  placek 
The  Pike  was  then  put  into  the  canal  again,  together 
with  abundance  of  fifli  with  him  to  feed  upon,  all  which 
he  devoured  in  lefs  than  a  year's  time ;  and  was  obfertred 
by  the  gardener  and  workmen  there,  to  take  the  ducks, 
and  other  water  fowl,  underwater :  whereupon  they  (hot 
magpies  and  crows,  and  threw  them  into  the  canal, 
whichf  the  Pike  took  before  their  eyes :  of  this  they  ac< 
quainced  their  lord,  who  thereupon  ordered  theflaughter*.- 
man  to  fling  in  calves-bellies,  chickens  guts,  and  fach* 
like  garbage,  to  him,  to  prey  upon  \  but  bein^  foon 
after  neglefted,  hedi^d,,as  fnppafed,  for  want  of  tood,^\ 

■     \    that 


phap.  VIII.  ^ie  CoMFLETE  Angler.  -159 

that  though  it  appears  to  us  to  be  coldi  can  yec 
digeil  or  put  over,  any  fiflv-flefli  by  degreci 
tvithout  b^ing  fick.  And  others  obferve,  chat 
he  never  eats  the  venemous  frog  till  he  have  firft 
killed  her,  and  then,  as  ducks  are  obferved  to 
do  to  frogs  in  fpawning  time,  at  which  time  fome 
froes  arc  obferved  to  be  venemous,  fo  thoroughtf 
warned  her,  by  tumbling  her  up  and  down  in 
the  water,  that  he  rtiay  devour  her  without 
danger.  And  Gefner  affirms,  that  a  Polonian 
gentleman  did  faithfully  aflfure  him,  he  had 
ieen  two  young  geefe  at  one  time  in  the  belly 
of  a  Pike.  And  doubtlefs  a  Pike  in  his  height 
of  hunger,  will  bite  at  and  devour  a  dog  that 
fwims  in  a  pond ;  and  there  have  been  examples 
of  it,  or  the  like  j  for  as  I  told  you,  "  The 
*^  belly  has  no  ears  when  hunger  comes  upoa 
«  it/* 

The  Pike  is  al(b  obferved  to  be  a  folitary,  me* 
lancholy,  and  a  bold  ii(h  :  melancholy,  becaufe 
he  always  fwims  or  rcfts  himfelf  alone,  and  ne- 
ver fwims  in  (hoks  or  with  company,  as  Roach 
and  Dace,  and  mod:  other  fi(h  do :  and  bold, 
becaufe  he  fears  not  a  (kadow,  or  to  lee  or  be 
feen  of  any  body,  as  the  Trout  and  Chub,  and 
all  otlier  filh  do. 

And  k  is  obferved  by  Gefner^  that  tlve  jaw- 
bones, and  hearts  and  galls  of  Pikes,  are  very 
medicinal  for  ftvcral  difeafes,  or  to  flop  blood, 
to  abate  fevers,  to  cure  agues,  to  oppofe  or  exr 
pel  the  infection  of  the  plague,  and  to  be  many 
ways  medicinal  and  ufcful  for  the  good  of 
mankind  ;  but  be  obferves,  that  the  bitting  of 
a  Pike  is  venomous  and  hard  to  be  cured. 

'  And 


i^o        ifhe  Complete  Angle'Ii.    P4rt  L 

And  it  is  obferved,  that  che  Pike  is  afi(h  thac 
breeds  but  once  a  year»  and  that  other  fifh,  as 
namely  Loaches,  do  breed  oftener :  as  we  are 
certain  tame  Pigeons  do  almoft  every  month,  and 
yet  the  hawk,  a  bird  of  prey,  as  the  Pike  is  of 
fifli,  breeds  but  once  in  twelve  months :  and  you 
are  to  note,  that  his  time  of  breeding  or  rpawn-> 
ing,  is  ufually  about  the  end  of  February^  or  fome* 
iwhat  later,  in  Marcb^  as  the  weather  proves 
colder  or  warmer  ;  and  to  note,  that  his  manner 
of  breeding  is  thus  ^  a  he  and  a  (be-Pike  will 
ufually  go  together  out  of  a  river  into  fome 
ditch  or  creek,  and  that  there  the  fpawner  cafts 
i^ci*  ^ggs»  ^^^  ^he  mclter  hovers  over  her  all 
that  time  that  (he  is  calling  her  fpawn,  but 
touches  her  not  *. 

I  might  fay  more  of  this,  but  it  might  be 
thought  curiofity  or  worfe,  and  (hall  therefore 
forbear  it,  and  take  up  fo  much  of  your  atten- 
tion, as  to  tell  you,  th^  the  beft  of  Pikes  are 
noted  to  be  in  rivers,  next  thofe  in  great  ponds, 
or  meres,  and  the  word  in  fmall  ponds. 

But  before  I  proceed  further,  I  am  to  tell  you, 
that  there  is  a  great  antipathy  betwixt  the  PikQ 
and  fome  frogs ;  and  this  may  appear  to  the 
reader  of  Dubravius^  a  bifliop  in  Bohemia  -f-,  whp 
in  his  book  of  fiih  and  fi(h-ponds,  relates  what 

•  Veryjatc  dircoveriesof  natoraliils  contradid  this  hypo- 
thefis  concerning  the  generation  of  fifhes,  and  prove  that 
they  are  produced  by  the  conjunfilon  of.  the  male  and  ^- 
male,  as  other  animals  are.  See  the  Phild/ophieal  Tratt/a<» 
tionst  Vol.  48.  Part  z-  for  the  year  17541..  pag«  870. 

t  Janus  Dubra<uius  publifhed  in  15591  ^  ^vork  entitled, 
Di  Pi/ciHis  1$  Pi/dum^  qui  iff  eis  aluntur  uatuns,  ixk  five 
I  books. 

be 


J 


(4 

it 
i( 

C4 
C4 


(4 


Chap.  VIII.  7*^?  Complete  Angler.    i6i 

he  fays  he  faw  with  his  own  eyes,  and  could  not 
forbear  to  tell  the  reader.     Which  was ; 

As  he  and  the  bifhop  Tburzo  were  walking 
by  a  large  pond  in  Bohemia^  they  faw  a  frog, 
when  the  Pike  lay  very  fleepily  and  quiet  by 
the  fhore-fide,  leap  upon  his  head,  and  the 
frog  having  expreft  malice  or  anger  by  his 
*'  fwoln  cheeks  and  ftaring  eyes,  did  ftretch  out 
^'  his  legs  and  embraced  the  Pike's  head,  and 
**  prefently  reached  them  to  his  eyes,  tearing 
**  with  them  and  his  teeth  thofe  tender  parts  ; 
the  Pike  moved  with  anguilh,  moves  up  and 
down  the  water,  and  rubs  himfelf  againft 
*'  weeds,  and  whatever  he  thought  might  quit 
*•  him  of  his  enemy ;  but  all  in  vain,  for  the 
**  frog  did  continue  to  ride  triumphantly,  and 
**  to  bite  and  torment  the  Pike,  till  his  ftrength 
*'  failed,  and  then  the  frog  funk  with  the  Pike  to 
"  the  bottom  of  the  water ;  then  prefently  the 
•*  frog  appeared  again  at  the  top  and  croaked, 
^^  and  feemcd  to  rejoice  like  a  conqueror,  after 
which  he  prefently  retired  to  his  fecret  Jiolc. 
The  biQiop,  that  had  beheld  the  battle,  called 
*'  his  fiflierman  to  fetch  his  nets,  and  by  all 
means  to  get  the  Pike,  that  they  might  de- 
clare what  had  happened :  and  the  Pike  was 
drawn  forth,  and  both  his  eyes  eaten  out,  at 
which  when  they  began  to  wonder  ^  the  fifli-* 
*^  erman  wifhcd  them  to  forbear,  and  affurcd 
**  them  he  was  certain  that  Pikes  were  often  fo 
"  ferved." 

I  told  this,  which  is  to  be  read  in  the  fixth 
chapter  of  the  book  of  Dubravias^  unto  a.fricnd, 
who  replied,  *^  It  was  as  improbable  as  to  have 
•*  the  moufe  fcratch  out  the  cat's  eyes."    But  he 

M  ^  did 


44 
44 


44 
44 

44 
44 


j62        Tie  Complete  ANCLERr      FariL 

did  not  confider;^  that  there  be  fifhing  frogs^ 
which  the  Dalmatians  call  the  water-devil,  of 
which  I  might  tell  you  as  wonderful  a  ftory,  but 
i  fhall  tell  you,  that  *t9S  upt'io  be  doubted,  but- 
that  there  be  fome  frogs  fo  fearful  of  the  water- 
fnake,  that,  when  they  fwim  in  a  place  in  which 
they  fear  tiihmtct  with  him,  they  then^^eta  reed 
acrol^into  t^eir  mouths,  which  if  they  tvw  ix^eet 
by  acKrid^t,  fasures  the  frog,  from  (he  Hrengtlr 
and  malice  of  the  fnake  i  and  note,  that  the  frog 
ufually  fwims  the  fafteft  of  the  two. 

And  let  nrie  tell  you,  that  as  there  be  water 
and  land- frogs,  fo  there  be  land  and  water* 
fnakes.  Concerning  which  take  this  pbferva-- 
tion,  that  the  land-lhake  breeds,  and  hatches 
her  eggs,  which  become  young  fnakes,  in  forne 
old  dunghill,  of  a  like  hot  place ;  but  the  water* 
(hake,  which  is  not  venomous,  and  as  I  have 
been  affured  by  a  great  obfervcr  of  fuch  fecrets, 
does  not  hatch  but  breed  her  young  alive,  which 
fhe  does  not  then  forfake,  but  bides  with  them^ 
and  in  cafe  of  danger  will  take  them  all  into 
her  mouth  and  fwim  away  from  any  apprehended 
danger,  and  then  let  them  out  agam  when  (he 
thinks  all  danger  to  be  pad ;  thefe  be  accidents 
that  we  anglers  fometimes  fee,  and  often  talk  of. 

But  whither  am  I  going  ?  I  had  almoft  loft 
myfelf,  by  remembering  the  difcourfe  of  Duhra-^ 
vius.  I  will  therefore  ftop  here,  and  tell  you^ 
according  to  my  promife^  how  to  catch  this 


Pi  K  E< 


Chap.  VIII.  Thi  Complets  Akgl£r.     \6% 
PlKLK 


His  feeding  is  ufualiy  ""f  fi(h  or  frogs,  and 
fomenmes  a  weed  of  his  own  called  pickerel- 
weed.  Of  which  I  told  you,  fome  think  fomC 
Pikes  are  bred  j  for  they  have  obferved,  that 
■where  none  have  been  put  into  ponds,  yet  they 
have  there  found  many ;  and  thai  there  has  been 
plenty  of.  that  weed  in  thofe  ponds,  and  that 
that  weed  both  breeds  and  feeds  them;  but  whe- 
ther thofe  Pikes  fo  bred  will  ever  breed  by  gene- 
ration as  the  others  do,  I  fliall  leave  to  the  dif- 
quifitions  of  men  of  more  curiofity  and  leifure 
than  I  profefs  myfelf  to  have  ;  and  fliall  proceed 
to  tell  you,  that  you  may  fi(h  for  a  Pike,  either 
with  a  ledger  or  a  walking-bait ;  and  you  are  to 
note,  that  1  call  that  a  ledger-bait,  which  is  Bxed 
or  made  to  reft  in  one  certain  place  when  you 
.  fliall  beabfent  from  it :  and  Icallthatawalking; 
bait,  which  yoa  take  with  you,  and  have  ever* 
in  motion.  Concerning  which  two,  J  fliall  give  , 
M  2  you 


164        Tbe  Complete  Ajioler.       Part  I. 

you  this  dire£tioo  ;  that  your  ledger-bait  is  beft 
to  be  a  living  bait,  though  a  dead  one  may  catch, 
\srhether  it  be  a  fiQi  or  a  frog ;  and  that  you  may 
make  them  live  the  longer,  you  may,  or  indeed 
you  muft,  take  this  courfe. 

Firft,  for  your  live-  bait  of  a  filh,  a  roach  or 
dace  is,  I  think,  befl:  and  moft  tempting,  and 
a  pearch  is  the  longed  lived  on  a  hook,  and 
having  cut  off  his  fin  on  his  back,  which  may  be 
done  without  hurtiiig  him,  you  muft  take  your 
knife,  which  cannot  be  too  fbarp,  and  betwixt 
the  head  and  the  fin  on  the  back,  cut  or  make 
an  incifion,  or  fuch  a  fear,  as  you  may  put  the 
arming  wire  of  your  hook  into  it,  with  as  little 
bruifing  or  hurting  the  fifh  as  art  and  diligence 
will  enable  you  to  do ;  and  fo  carrying  your  arm- 
ing wire  along  his  back,  unto,  or  near  the  tail 
of  your  fifh,  betwixt  the  (kin  and  the  body  of  it, 
draw  out  that  wire  or  arming  of  your  hook  at 
another  fear  near  to  his  tail :  then  tie  him  about 
it  with  thread,  but  no  harder  than  of  neceiHty  to 
prevent  hurting  the  filh  ;  and  the  better  to  avoid 
hurting  the  fifh,  fome  have  a  kind  of  probe  to 
©pen  the  way,  for  the  more  eafy  entrance  and 
pafTage  of  your  wire  or  arming  :  but  as  for  thcfc, 
time,  and  a  little  experience,  will  teach  ypu  better 
than  I  can  by  words  j  therefore  I  will  for  the 
prefent  fay  no  more  of  this,  but  come  next  to 
give  you  fome  direAions  how  to  bait  your  hook 
V^ith  a  frog. 

Fen.  But,  good  mafter,  did  you  not  fay  even 
now,  that  fome  frogs  were  venomous,  and  is  it 
not  dangerous  to  touch  them  ? 

Fife.  Yes,  but  I  will  give  you  fome  rules  or 

cautions  concerning  them  :  and  firft,  you  arc  to 

6  note, 


Chap.  VIIL  The  C6mplete  Angler.    165 

note,  that  there  are  two  kinds  of  frogs  ;  that  is 
to  fay,  if  1  may  fo  cxprcfs  myfcif,  a  flefli  and 
a  fifti-frog :  by  flcfli-frogs,  I  mean  frogs  that 
breed  and  live  on  the  land  j  and  of  thefc  there  be 
fcveral  forts  alfo,  and  of  fcveral  colours,  fome 
being  fpeckled,  fome  greenifli,  fome  blackiOi,  or 
brown  :  the  green  frog,  which  is  a  fmall  one,  is 
by  Top/el  taken  to  be  venomous ;  and  fo  is  the 
padock  or  frog-padock,  which  ufually  keeps  or 
breeds  on  the  land,  and  is  very  large  and  boney, 
and  big,  efpecially  the  (he-frog  of  that  kind ;  yet 
thele  will  fometinies  come  into  the  water,  but  it 
is  not  often ;  and  the  land-frogs  are  fome  of 
them  obferved  by  him,  to  breed  by  laying  eggs  : 
and  others  to  breed  of  the  (lime  and  duft  of  the 
earth,  and  that  in  winter  they  turn  to  (lime 
again,  and  that  the  next  fummer  that  very  (lime 
returns  to  be  a  living  creature;  this  is  theopinion 
of  PUny^  and  *  Cardanus  +  under- 
takes to  give  a  reafon  for  the  rain-    *  ^°  ^"  V?^^ 

r  c  JL      u   ^  -r  •  •  Book  Dejub' 

iDg  of  frogs  %  :  but  if  it  were  in  my    ^^^  ^^^    -^ 
power  it  (hould  rain  none  but  water- 
frogs,  for  thofe  1  think  are  not  venomous,  efpe- 
cially the  right  water- frog,  which  about  February 
ox  March  breeds  in  ditches  by  (lime,  and  blacki(h 

f  Cardmn^  a^  liidiam  phyfician,  natnralift  and  aflro1oeer» 
well  known  by  tbe  many  works  he  has  publifbed  :  he  died 
at  Rome  1 5  76.  Jt  is  faid  that  he  had  foretold  the  day  of  his 
death  ;  and  that,  when  it  approached,  he  fufPered  himfelf 
to  die  of  hunger  to  prcferve  bis  reputation.  He  had  been 
in  SftgJandf  and  wrote  a  charader  of  our  EifnvardVI. 

I  There  are  many  well  attefted  acc<^unts  of  the  raining 
of  frogs ;  but  Mr.  Ray  rejefts  them  as  utterly  falfe  and  ri- 
dtculousy  and  demonftratcs  the  impoilibility  of  their  pro- 
dudlion  in  any  fuch  manner.  Wifdom  of  G$d  in  tht  creation^ 
310.     Sec  alfo  DerbamU  Phyf,  TheoL  244. 

M  3  eggs 


i66        The  CdMPtETE  Angler.     Parti. 

eggs  in  that  flimc :  .about  which  time  of  breeding 
the  he  and  ftie-frog$  are  obferved  to  ufe  divers 
fummerfauks,  and  to  croak  and  make  a  notfe, 
which  the  land-frog,  or  padock-frog,  never  does. 
Now  of  thefe  water-frogs,  if  you  intend  to  fifti 
with  a  frog  for  a  Pike,  you  are  to  chufe  the 
yelloweft  that  you  can  get,  for  that  the  Pike 
ever  likes  beft.  And  thus  ufe  your  frog,  that 
he  may  continue  long  alive. 

Put  your  hook  into  his  mouth,  which  you  may 
eafily  do  from  the  middle  of  y^ril  till  Auguft^ 
and  then  the  frog's  mouth  grows  up,  and  he 
continues  fo  for  at  lead  fix  months  without  eat« 
ing,  but  is  fuftained,  none,  but  he  whofe  name  is 
Wonderful,  knows  hoyv :  I  fay,  put  your  hook,  I 
mean  the  arming  wire,  through  his  mouth,  and 
out  at  his  gills,  and  then  with  a  fine  needle  and 
filk  fpw  the  upper  part  of  his  leg  with  only  one 
ftitch  to  the  arming  wire  of  your  hook,  or  tic 
the  frog's  leg  above  the  upper  joint  to  the  armed 
wire,  and  in  fo  doing,  ufe  him  as  though  yott 
loved  him,  that  is,  harm  him  as  little  i%  you 
may  poflibly,  that  he  may  live  the  longer. 

And  now,  having  given  you  this  dircftion  for . 
the  baiting  your  ledgcr^hook  with  a  live  filh  or 
frog,  my  next  muft  be  to  tell  you,  how  your 
hook  thus  baited  muft  or  raiay  be  ufed :  and  it 
is  thus.  Having  faftened  your  hook  to  a  line, 
which,  if  it  be  not  fourteen  yards  long,  fhould 
not  be  lefs  than  twelve,  you  are  to  faften  that 
line  to  any  bough  near  to  a  hole  where  a  Pike  is, 
or  is  likely  to  lie,  or  to  have  a  haunt,  and  then 
wind  your  line  on  any  forked  ftick,  all  y6ur  line, 
except  half  a  yard  of  it,  or  rather  more,  and 
fpUt  that  forked  ftick  with  fuch  a  nick  or  notch 
I  at 


Chap.  VIII.  ^e  Compute  Angicr.    167 

at  one  end  of  it,,  as  may  keep  the  line  from  any 
cnore  of  it  ravelling  from  about  the  ftick  than 
fo  much  of  it  as  you  intend  -,  and  chufe  your 
forked  ftidc  to  be  of  that  bignefs  as  may  keep 
the  fifli  or  frog  from  pulling  the  forked  (tick 
under  the  water  till  the  Pike  bites,  and  then  the 
Pike  having  pulled  the  line  forth  of  the  cleft  or 
flick  of  that  ftick  in  which  it  was  gently  faftened, 
he  will  have  line  enough  to  go  to  his  hold  and 
pouch  the  bait:  and  if  you  would  have  this 
ledger-bait  to  keep  at  a  fixt  place,  undifturbed 
by  wind  or  other  accidents  which  may  drive  it  to 
the  ihore-fide  (for  you  are  to  note,  that  it  is' 
likelieft  to  catch  a  Pike  in  the  midft  of  the  water) 
then  hang  a  fmall  plummet  of  lead,  a  ftone,  or 
piece  <^  tile,  or  a  turf  in  a  ftring,  and  caft  it 
into  the  water  with  the  forked  ftick,  to  hang 
upon  the  ground,  to  be  a  kind  of  anchor  to  keep 
the  forked  ftick  from  moving  out  of  your  in- 
tended place  till  the  Pike  come.  This  I  take  to 
be  a  very  good  way,  to  ufe  fo  many  ledger-baits 
as  you  intend  to  make  trial  of. 

Or  if  you  bait  your  hooks  thus  with  live-fifli 
or  frogs,  and  in  a  windy  day,  faften  them  thus 
to  a  bough  or  bundle  of  ftraw,  and  by  the  help 
of  that  wind  can  get  them  to  move  crofs  a  pond 
or  mere,  you  are  like  to  ftand  ftill  on  the  (hore  and 
fee  fport  prefcntly  if  there  be  any  ftore  of  Pikes  5 
or  thefe  live-baits  may  make  fport,  being  tied 
about  the  body  or  wings  of  a  goofe  or  duck,  and 
flie  chafed  over  a  pond  * :  and  the  like  may  be 

done 

•  ji  rod  tnadmefeit  hng^  and  a  ring  of  iwre^ 

A  'winder  and  barrel^  <will  help  thy  Jefirt 

In  killing  a  Pike  ;  hut  the  forked fiick^ 

With  ajtit  And  a  bladder ^  and  tJjat  9therfint  tricky 

M  4  mM 


i68        7'he  Complete  A^rGLEJt.      Parti. 

done  with  turning  three  or  fouir  live-baits  thus 
faftened  to  bladders,  or  bought  or  bottles  of  hay 
or  flags,  to  fwim  down  a  river,  whilft  you  walk 
quietly  alone  on  the  (hore,  and  arc  ftill  in  expec- 
tation of  fport.  The  reft  muft  be  taught  you 
by  pradice,  for  time  will  not  allow  me  to  fay 
more  of  this  kind  of  fifhing  with  live- baits. 

And  for  your  dead-bait  for  a  Pike,  for  that 
you  may  be  taught  by  one  day's  going  a  fifhing 
with  me,  or  any  other  body  that  fiflics  for  him^ 
for  the  baiting  your  hook  with  a  dead  gudgeon 
or  ,a  roach,  and  moving  it  up  and  down  thj^ 
water,  is  too  eafy  a  thing  to  take  up  any  time  to 
dired  you  to  do  it ;  and  yet,  becaufc  I  cut  you 
Ihort  in  that,  I  will  commute  for  it  by  telling 
you,  that  that  was  told  me  for  a  fecret :  it  is  this. 

Diflblve  gum  of  ivy  in  oil  of  fpike,  and 
therewith  anoint  your  deadbait  for  a  Pike,  and 
then  caft  it  into  a  likely  place,  and  when  it  has 
lain  a  fliort  time  at  the  bottom,  draw  it  towards 
the  top  of  the  water  and  fo  up  the  ftream,  and 
it  is  more  than  likely  that  you  have  a  Pike  foUpw 
with  more  than  common  eagernefs. 

And  fome  affirm,  ^that  any  bait  anointed  with 
the  marrow  of  the  thigh-bone  of  an  hern,  is  a 
great  temptation  to  any  fi(h. 

Which  ear  artifts  call /nap  f  ivifh  a  geofe  or  a  duck^ 

Will  kill  fwofor  one^  if  you  ha*ue  any  luck. 

^he  gentry  of  Shropfhire  do  merrily  fmile^ 

To  fie  a  goofe  and  a  belt  thefijh  to  beguile  : 

When  a  tike  funs  bimfelf  and  afrogging  dothgo^ 

^be  two  inched  hook  is  better^  I  kncwt 

Than  the  ordinary fnaringy  but  fill  I  muft  cry. 

When  the  Fike  is  at  home,  mind  the  cookery. 

'  Mr.  Barker. 

Thefc 


Chap.  VIII.  Tj&tf  Complete  Angler,     169 

Thcfe  have  not  been  tried  by  me,  but  told 
tne  by  a  friend  of  note,  that  pretended  to  do  me 
a  courtefy ;  but  if  this  direiftion  to  catch  a  Pike 
thus  do  you  no  good,  yet  1  am  certain  this  dt*- 
reftion  how  to  roaft  him  when  he  is  caught,  is 
choicely  good,  for  I  have  tried  it,  and  it  is 
fomewhat  the  better  for  not  being  common ;  but 
with  my  diredtion  you  muft  take  this  caution, 
that  your  Pike  muft  not  be  a  fmall  one,  that  is, 
it  muft  be  piore  than  half  a  yard,  and  ihould  be 
bigger. 

Firft,  open  your  Pike  at  the  gills,  and  if  need 
be,  cut  alio  a  little  flit  cowards  the  belly  ;  out  of 
thefe  take  his  guts  and  keep  his  liver,  which  you 
are  to  fhred  very  fmall  with  thyme,  fweet  maijo* 
ram,  and  a  little  winter- favoury ;  to  thefe  put 
fome  pickled  oyfters,  and  fome  anchovies,  two 
dr  three,  both  thcfe  laft  whole,  for  the  anchor- 
vies  will  melt,  and  the  oyfters  Ihould  not ;  to 
thefe  you.  muft  add  alfo  a  pound  of  fweet  butter, 
which  you  are  to  mix  with  the  herbs  that  are 
ihred,  and  let  them  all  be  well  falted ;  if  the 
Pike  bje  more  than  a  yard  long,  then  you  may 
pujt  into  thefe  herbs  more  than  a  pound,  or  if 
he  be  lefs,  then  lefs  butter  will  fufficc :  thefe 
being  thus  mixt  with  a  blade  or  two  of  mace, 
muft  be  put  into  the  Pike's  belly,  and  then  his 
belly  fo  fewed  up,  as  to  keep  all  the  butter  in 
his  belly  if  it  be  polTible ;  if  not,  then  as  much 
of  it  as  you  poflibly  can,  but  take  not  oft*  the 
fcales;  then  you  are  to  thruft  the  fpit  through 
his  mouth,  out  at  his  tail,  and  then  take  four,  or 
five,  or  fix  fplit  fticks  or  very  thin  laths,  and  a 
convenient  quantity  of  tape  or  filleting;  thcfe 
laths  are  to  be  tied  found  about  the  Pike's  body 

from 


/    , 


170        T'i^  Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

From  his  head  to  his  tail,  and  the  tape  tied  fome- 
ivhat  thick  to  prevent  his  breaking  or  falling  ofF 
ff om  the  (pit ;  let  him  be  roafted  very  leifurely, 
and  often  baited  with  claret  wine,  and  ancho«- 
viics^  and  butter  mixt  together^  and  alfo  with 
what  moifture  falls  from  him  into  the  pan :  when 
you  have  roafted  him  fufficiently,  you  are  to  hold 
imder  him,  when  you  unwind  or  cut  the  tape  that 
ties  him,,  fuch  a  difh  as  you  purpofe  to  eat  him 
out  of;  and  let  him  fall  into  it  with  the  fauce 
that  is  roafted  in  his  belly,  and  by  this  means  the 
Pike  will  be  kept  unbroken  and  complete :  then, 
to  the  fauce  which  was  .within,  and  alfo  that 
fatfce  in  the  parii  you  are  to  add  a  fit  quantity  of 
the  befi  butter,  and  to  fqueeze  the  juice  of  three 
or  four  oranges :  laftly,  you  may  either  put  into. 
the  Pike  with  the  oyfters  two  cloves  of  garlick, 
and  take  it  whole  out,  when  the  Pike  is  cut  off' 
the  fpit  i  or  to  give  the  fauce  a  hogoo,  let  the  dilh 
ioto  which  you  let  the  Pike  fall,  be  rubbed  with 
ii :  the  ufing  or  not  ufing  of  this  garlkk  is  left 
to  your  difcrction. 

M.  B. 

This  difli  of  meat  is  too  good  for  any  but 
anglers,  or  very  honeft  men  ;  and  I  truft,  you 
will  prove  both,  and  therefore  I  have  trufted 
you  with  this  fecret. 

Let  me  next  tell  you,  that  Gefner  tells  us  there 
are  no  Pikes  in  Spai^^  and  that  the  largeft  are  in 
the  lake  Thrafymene  in  Italy  •,  and  the  next,  if 
not  equal  to  them,  are  the  Pikes  of  England  \  and 
that  in  England^  Uncolnjhire  boaftcth  to  have  the^ 
biggeft  *.     Juft  fo  doth  Sujfex  boaft  of  four  forts 

•  They  are  faid  to  grow  to  the  lengthof  forty- five  inches,. 

^    of 


Chap.  VIII.  The  Complete  Angler.     17I ' 

of  fifli,  namely  an  Arundel  Mullet,  a  Cbichefter 
Lobfter,  a  Shelfey  Cockle,  and  an  Amerly  Trout. 
But  I  will  take  up  no  niore  of  your  time  with 
this  relation,  but  proceed  to  give  you  fome  ob- 
fervations  of  the  Carp,  and  h(^  to  angle  for 
him,  and  to  drefs  him,  but  not  tUl  he  is  caught  *« 

CHAP. 

*  The  Pike  lovei  a  till,  fliady,  nn frequented  water,  and 
ufually  lies  amoogfty  or  near  weedf  ;  foch  as  flags,  t>uU 
ru(hes,  candocka,  reeds,  or  in  the  green  fog  that  feme- 
times  covers  landing  waters,  thoagh^he  will  Sometimes 
(hoot  out  into  the  clear  ftream.  He  is  (bmetimes  caught  at 
the  top,  and  in  the  middle,  and  often,  efpecially  in  cold 
weather,  at  the  bottom. 

Their  time  of  fpawning  is  about  the  end  oi  Fihruaty^  or 
the  beginning  of  March ;  and  chief  feafon  from  the  end  of 
May  to  the  beginning  of  February, 

The  baits  ror  Pike,  befides  thofe  mentioned  by  Waliovt 
are  fmall  trouts,  loaches,  miller's-thunibs,  the  head -end  of 
an  eel,  with  the  (kin  taken  off  below  the  fins,  fmall  jacks, 
lob-worms;  and  in  winter  the  fat  of  bacon.  And,  not- 
withftanding  what  Walton  and  others  fay  againft  baiting 
with  a  pearch,  it  is  confidently'  afferted,  that  Pikes  have 
been  taken  with  a  fmall  pearch,  when  neither  roach  nor 
bleak  Would  tempt  them.-  See  the  Angler'' s  fur e  Guide ^  15?. 

Obferve  that  all  your  baits  for  Pike  muft  be  as  frefh  as 
Y>oflible.  Living- baits  you  may  take  with  you  in  a  tin 
kettle,  changing  the  water  often ;  and  dead  ones  fhould 
be  carried  in  frefh  bran,  which  will  dry  up  that  mpiilure 
that  otherwife  would  infedl  and  rot  them.     Venables* 

It  is  ftrange  that  Walton  has  faid  fo  little  of  trolling ;  a 
method  of  fiihing  for  Pike,  which  has  been  thought  worthy 
of  adiftin^  treatife  ;  for  which  method,  and  for  the  fnap, 
take  thefc  dire^ions ;  and  firft  for  troHing  : 

And  note  that,  in  trolling,  theheadof  the  bait-filh  mud 
be  at  the  bent  of  the  hook  ;  whereas,  in  filhingat  the  fnap, 
•the  hook  mull  come  out  at  or  near  his  taif.  But  the  e/Ten- 
tial  difference  between  thefe  two  methods  is,  that  in  the 
former  the  Pike  is  always  fufFerad  to  pouch  or  fwallow 
the  bait,  but  in  the  latter  you  are  to  ttrike  as  foon  as  he  has 
taken  it* 

Tha 


lyz        ^i&e  Co  MP  LIT  B  Angler.      Parti. 

CHAP.    IX. 

Obfer^ations  of  the  Cart,  with  DireSliont 

how  tojijhfor  him. 

PiSCATOR. 

TH  E  Carp  is  the  queen  of  rivers  :  a  ftatc- 
ly,  a  good,  and  a  very  fubtil  fifh,  th^c 
was  noc  at  firft  bred,  nor  hath  been  long 
in  England^  but  is  now  naturalizeci.  It  is  faid, 
they  were  brought  hither  by  one  Mr.  MafcaU  a 
gentleman  that  then  lived  at  Plumjied  in  Suffex^ 
a  county  that  abounds  more  with  this  fifh  than 
any  in  this  nation. 

You 

The  rod  for  trolling  ihould  be  about  three  yards  and  a 
half  \ongf  with  a  ring  at  the  top  for  the  line  to  run  through  r 
or  you  may  fit  a  trolling- top  to  your  fly- rod,  which  need 
only  be  llronger  than  the  common  fly- top. 
^  Let  yoar  line  be  of  green  or  fky-coloured  filky  thirty 
yards  In  length,  which  will  make  it  neceiTary  to  ufe  the 
winch,  as  is  before  dire^ed,  with  a  fwivel  at  the  end. 

The  common  trolling-hook  for  a  li.ving.1>ait,  confifts 
of  two  large  hooks,  with  one  common  (hank,  madeofone^ 
p^jsce  of  wire,  of  about  three  quarters  of  an  inch  long, 
placed  back  to  back,  fo  that  the  points  x^Siy  not  iland  in 
a  righ^ine,  but  incline  fo  ipuch  inwards,  as  that*  they 
wjith  the  (hank  may  form  an  angle  little  lefs.than  equilate- 
ral. At  the  top  of  the  [hank  is  a  loop  left  in  the  bending 
the  wire  lo  make  the  hook  double,  through  which  is  put  a 
(Irong  twifted  brafs  wire,  of  about  fix  inches  long  ;  and  to 
this  is  looped  another  fuch  link,  but  both  fo  loo^  that  the 
hook  and  the  lower  link  may  have  room  to  play :  to  the 
end  of  the  line  faften  a  ftcel  fwivel. 
'  To  bait  the  hook,  obferve  the  direftions  given  by  Walton, 

But  there  is  a  fort  of  trolling-hook  different  from  that 
already  defcribed,  and  to  which  it  is  thought  preferable, 
wlfiich  will  require  another  management ;  this  is  no  morethan 

two 


y 


Chap,  IX.  ^ht  CoMPLETB  Angler.     173 

You  may  remember  tl\at  I  told  you,  Gtfner 
fays,  there  are  no  Pikes  in  Spain ;  and  doubt Icfs, 
there  was  a  time,  about  a  hundred  or  a  few  more 
years  ago,  when  there  were  no  Carps  in  England^ 
as  may  be  feen  to  be  affirmed  by  S\r  JRicbard  Baker^ 
in  whofe  Chronicle  you  my  find  thefe  verfes: 

Hops  and  iurkiesj  carps  and  beer^ 
Came  into  England  all  in  a  year. 

And 

two  fingle  hooks  tied  back  to  back  with  a  ilrong  piece  of 
gimp  between  the  fhanks  ;  in  the  whipping  the  hooks  and 
the  gimp  together,  make  a  fmall  loop,  and  take  into  it  two 
links  of  chain  of  about  an  eighth  of  an  inch  diameter ;  and 
into  the  lower  link,  by  means  of  a  fmall  ftaple  of  wire, 
faften,  by  the  greater  end,  a  bit  of  lead  of  a  conical  figure* 
and  fomewhat  iharp  at  the  point.  Thefe  hooks  are  to  be 
had  at  the  fiihing-^tackle  (hops  ready  fitted  op  ;  bnt  fee  the 
form  of  them  Plate  IX.  Fig.  5. 

This  latter  kind  of  hook  is  to  be  thus  ordered^  miz*  put 
the  lead  into  the  mouth  of  the  bait-fi(h,  and  few  it  up,  the 
fifb  will  live  fome  timd;  and  though  the  weight  of  the  lead 
will  keep  his  head  down,  he  will  fwim  with  near  the  fame 
eafe  as  if  at  liberty. 

But  if  you  troll  with  adead-bait»  as  fome  do»  for  a  reafea 
which  the  angler  will  be  glad  to  know,  <v/».  that  a  living- 
bait  makes  too  great  a  {laughter  among  the  fiih»  do  it  with  a 
hook,  of  which  the  following  paragraph  contains  a  de-' 
fcription. 

Let  the  (hank  be  about  fix  inches  long,  and  leade^from 
the  middle  as  low  as  the  bent  of  the  hook,  to  which  ^>iece 
of  very  flrong  gimp  muil  be  faftened  by  a  ftaple,  and  two 
links  of  chain;  the  (hank  mud  be  batbed  like  a  dart,  and 
the  lead  a  quarter  of  an  inch  fquare  :  the  barb  of  the  fliank 
muft  iland  like  the  fluke  of  an  anchor,  which  is  placed  in 
a  contrary  diredion  to  that  of  the  (lock.  See  Plate  IX.  Fig.  6. 
Let  the  gimp  be  about  a  foot  long,  and  to  the  end  thereof 
^x  a  fwivel  :  to  bait  it;  thruft  the  barb  of  the  ihank  into 
the  mouth  of  the  bait-(i(h,  aiid  bring  it  out  at  his  fide  near 
the  tail :  when  the  barb  is  thus  brought  through  it  cannot 
return,  and  the  fi(h  will  lie  perfectly  (Irait,  a  circumftanccf 
that  renders  the  trouble  of  tying  the  tail  ttnnece(ray. 

There 


1^4        5ri^  Cgmi*le*b  Awgler*      Part  h 

And  doubtlefs  as  of  fea-fifli  the  Herring  dies 
focfneft  out  of  the  water,  and  of  frcfti- water- fifh 
the  Trout,  fo,  except  the  Eel,  the  Carp  endures 
moft  hardnefs,  and  lives  longeft  out  of  his  own 
proper  element.  And  therefore  the  report  of  the 
Carp's  being  brought  out  of  a  foreign  country 
into  this  nation,  is  the  more  probable. 

Carps 

There  is  yet  another  ibrt  of  trolling-hook,  which  is,  in- 
deed, no  other  that  what  moft  writers  on  this  fubje^  have 
mentioned ;  whereas  the  others,  here  defcribed,  are  late  im- 
provements ;  and  this  is  a  hook  either  iingle  or  double,  with 
a  long  fiiank,  leaded  about  three  inches  up  the  wire  with  a 
piece  of  lead  about  a  quarter  of  an  inch  fquare  at  the  greater 
or  lower  end  ;  fix  to  the  (hank  an  armed  wire  about  eight 
inches  long :  to  bait  his,  hook  thruft  your  wire  into  the 
month  of  the  fi(h,  quite  through  his  belly,  and  out  at  his 
tail,  placing  the  wire  fo  as  that  the  point  of  the  hook  may 
be  even  with  the  belly  of  the  bait-fifli,  and  then  tie  the 
tail  of  the  fiih  with  ftrortg  thread  to  tUe  wire ;  fome  faften 
it  with  a  needle  and  thread,  which  is  a  neat  way. 

Both  with  the  troll  and  at  the  fnap,  cut  away  one  of 
the  fins  of  the  bait-fifh  clofe  at  the  gills;  and  another  be- 
hind the  vent  on  the  contrary  fide,  which  will  make  it 
play  the  better. 

The  bait  being  thus  fixed,  is  to  be  thrown  in,  and  kept 
in  conftant  motion  in  the  water,  fbmetimes  fuffered  to  fink, 
then  gradually  raifed  ;  now  drawn  with  the  ftream,  and  theft 
again^  it,  fo  aa  to  counterfeit  the  motion  of  a  fm all  fifh  in 
iwimming.  If  a  Pike  is  near,  he  miilakes  the  bait  for  a 
living  fi(h»  feiaes  it  with  prodigious  greedinefs,  goes  off 
with  it  to  his  hold,  and  in  about  ten  minutes  pouches  it. 
Wlien  he  has  thus  fwallovved  the  bait,  you  will  fee  the  line 
move,  which  is  the  fignal  for  flriking  him ;  do  this  with 
two  lufty  jerks,  and  then  play  hira. 

The  other  way  of  taking  Pike,  «w*2.  with  the  ffiap.  Is  as 
follows  ; 

Let  the  rod  be  twelve  feet  long,  very  ftrong  and  taper, 
with  a  ftrong  loop  at  the  top  to  faften  your  line  to ;  your 
line  muft  be  about  a  foot  fhorter  than  the  rod^  and  much 
firongerthan  the  trolling- line. 

And 


Chap,  IX.  ^be  Complete  Akcler.       175 

Carps  and  Loaches  are  obferved  to  breed  fe- 
veral  months  in  one  year^  which  Pikes  and  moft 
other  fi(h  do  not. .  And  this  is  partly  proved  bf 
lame  and  wild  rabbets,  as  alfo  by  fome  ducket 
which  will  lay  eggs  nine  of  the  twelve  months, 
and  yet  there  be  other  ducks  that  lay  no  longer 

than 

And  here  it  is  neceiTary  to  be  remembered,  that  there  are 
two  ways  of  fnapping  for  Pike,  <viai.  with  the  live  and  witk 
the  dead-fnap. 

For  the  live-fnap,  there  is  "ho  kind  of  hook  fo  proper  as 
the  double  fpring  hook  ;  the  form  whereof,  in  two  viewi« 
is  given  in  Plate  IX.  Fig.  7.  and  8.  to  bait  it  nothing  more 
is  neceflary  than  to  hang  the  bait-ii(h  faft  by  the  back- fin 
to  the  middle  hook,  where  he  will  live  a  long  time. 

Of  hooks  for  the  dead-fnap  there  are  many  kinds.  Fig.  9* 
of  Plate  IX.  is  a  reprefentation  of  one,  which,  after  repeated 
trials,  has  been  found  to  excel  all  others  hitherto  known ;  the 
defcription  and  ufe  of  it  is  as  follows,  <z;/«.  Whip  two  hooks, 
of  about  three  eighths  of  an  inch  in  the  bent,  to  a  piece  of 
gimp,  in  the  manner  dire^ed  for  that  troll ing-hoolc  a 
view  of  which  is  given  Plate  IX.  Fig.  5.  Then  take  a 
piece  of  lead,  of  the  fame  fize  and  figure  as  direded  for 
thetrolling-hook  above-mentioned,  and  drill  a  hole  throogb 
it  from  end  to  end  :  to  bait  it  take  a  long  needle,  orwi^e ; 
enter  it  in  at  the  fide,  about  half  an  inch  above  the  taiU 
and  with  it  pafs  the  gimp  between  the  fkin  and  the  ribs  of 
the  fiih,  bringing  it  out  at  his  mouth  ;  then  put  the  lead 
over  the  gimp,  draw  it  down  into  the  fifli's  throat,  and 
prefs  his  mouth  clofe,  and  then,  having  a  fwivel  to  your 
line,  hang  on  the  gimp. 

In  throwing  the  bait,  obferve  the  rules  given  for  trolling  s 
but  remember,  that  the  more  yon  keep  it  in  motion,  the 
nearer  it  referobles  a  living  ii(h. 

When  you  have  a  bite,  flrike  immediately  the  contrary 
way  to  that  which  the  head  of  the  Pike  likes,  or  to  which  he 
goes  with  the  bait ;  if  you  cannot  find  which  way  his  head 
lies,  flrike  upright  with  two  froart  jerks,  retiring  backwards 
as  fail  as  you  can,  till  you  have  brought  him  to  a  landing* 
place,  and  then  do  as  before  is  direfted. 

.  There 


jj6         W^  Complete  Angler.    Parti. 

than  about  one  month.  And  it  is  the  rather  to 
be  believed,  becaufc  you  (hall  fcarcc  or  never 
take  a  Male-Carp  without  a  melt,  or  a  female 
without  a  roe  or  fpawn,  and  for  the  moft  part 

There  are  vanoas  other  methods,  bothof  (rolliiig  and  fifli* 
ing  at  the  fnap,  whkh,  if  the  reader  is  defifous  to  know, 
he  may  find  defcribed  in  the  Complete  Trailer j  by  R^.  NohBes^ 
izmo,  1 6S 2 9  zad  the  Jngler's/ure  Gut Je 9  bsfore-mentioned* 

As  the  Pike  fpawns  in  March^  and  before  that  month 
rivers  are  feldom  in  order  for  fifhing,  it  will  hardly  be 
worth  while  to  begin  trolling  till  April\  after  that  the 
\9tt^%  will  be  apt  to  be  troublefome.  But  the  prime  month 
in  the  year  for  trolling  is  Oaohery  when  the  Pike  are  fattened 
by  their  fommer's  feed,  the  weeds  are  rotted,  ^nd  by  the 
falling  of  the  waters  the  har boars  of  the  fi(h  are  eafily  found. 

Chufe  to  troll  in  clear,  and  not  muddy  water,  and  ia 
windy  weather,  if  the  wind  be  not  eaflerly. 

Some  ufe  in  trolling  and  fnapping  two  or  more  fwivels  to 
their  line,  by  means  whereof  the  twifting  of  the  line  is  pre- 
vented, the  bait  plays  more  freely,  and,  though  dead,  is 
made  to  appear  as  if  alive  ;  which,  in  rivers,  is  doubtlefs  an 
excellent  way :  but  thofe  who  can  like  to  fifh  in  ponds  or 
fiill  waters,  will  find  very  little occafion  for  more  than  one. 

The  Pike  is  alfo  to  be  caught  with  a  minnow,  for  which 
method  take  the  following  diredions  : 

Get  a  (ingle  hook,  (lender,  and  long  in  the  (hank  ;  let  it 
re(emble  the  (bape  of  a  (hepherd's  crook  ;  put  lead  upon  it, 
as  thick  near  the  bent  as  will  go  into  the  minnow's  mouth  ; 
place  the  point  of  the  hook  diredly  up  the  face  of  the  fi(h  ; 
let  the  rod  be  as  long  as  you  can  handfomely  manage,  with 
a  line  of  the  fame  length,  cafl  up  and  down,  and  manage 
it  as  when  you  troll  with  any  other  bait  :  if,  when  the 
Pike  hath  taken  your  bait,  he  run  to  the  end  of  the  line  be- 
fore he  hath  gorged  it,  do  not  ilrike,  bat  hold  dill  only, 
and  he  will  return  back  and  fwallow  it :  But  if  you  ufe 
that  bait  with  a  troll,  I  rather  prefer  it  before  any  other 
bait  that  I  know.     Venahles. 

In  landing  a  Pike  great  caution  is  nece(rary,  for  his  bite 
is  efteemed  venomous :  the  heft  and  fafeft  hold  you  can  take 
of  him  4s  by  the  head,  in  doing  which,  place  your  thumb 
and  finger  in  his  eyes. 

very 


Chip.  IX;  i%e  CtoMPtEtB  AndtERi     -177 

Very  mticht  and  efpccilKUy  all  the  ibmincr-fcafdri  ^ 
Sirid  it  is  obferved,  that  they  breed  more  natu* 
^atly  in  ponds  than  iH  running  waters^  if  tliey 
breed  there  at  all ;  and  that  thofe  that  live  in 
rivers;  are  taken  by  men  of  the  bed  palates  to 
be  nlucK  the  better  meat. 

Aiid  it  is  obferved,  that  in  fome  ponds  Carpft 
will  riot  breeds  efpfecially  in  told  ponds ;  but 
Ivhere  they  will  breed,  they  breed  innumerably  t 
j/triftoik  and  P&17  fay^  fix  times  in  a  year,  if 
there  be  no  Pikes  nor  Pearch  to  devour  their 
jpawn,  when  it  i^  caft  upon  grafs,  or  tLzofi  or 
ifreeds^  where  it  lies  ten  or  twelve  days  before  it 
be  enlivened. 

The  Carp,  if  he  have  Watef-rooni  and  good 
feed,  will  grow  to  a  very  great  bignefs  and 
length ;  I  have  heard^  to  be  much  above  a  yard 
long;  ^is  faidi  by  Javius  *,  who  hath  writ  of 
fiflies,  that  in  the  lake  Lurian  ia  Itafyi  C^lips 
have  thriven  to  be  more  than  fifty  pounds 
lireight ;  which  is  the  more  probable,  for  as  the 
bear  is  conceiv'd  and  born  fuddenty,  and  being 
isorn  is  but  fhort*Hved  i  fo,  on  the  contrary,  the 
iflepbant  is  faid  to  be  two  years  in  his  dam'3 
belly,  fome  think  he  is  ten  years  in  it,  and  being 
born,  grows  in  bignefs  twenty  yeafsi  and  'tisob- 
ferved  too^  that  he  lives  to  the  age  of  an  hundred 
^ears.  And  'tis  alfo  obferved,  that  the  crocodile 
ts  very  long-liv'd,  and  more  than  that,  that  all 
that  long  life  he  thrives  in  bignefs ;  and  (b  I 
chink  fome  Carps  do,  efpecially  in  fome  places  1 

*  Pauba  y^^iust  an  liatian  bi&On^  ef  very  doubtful 
mtthority:  he  IWed  m  the  1 6th  century*  and  wrote  a  ftnalt 
%9^Sk,£c  RotnamsPi/dhis,     He  died  at /"/^rr/rrf >  1552. 

N  thdUgh, 


riyS     •    Tbi  Goi^ptETE  An G LEU.  ■  Parti. 

4:hough   I  never  faw  one  above  twenty-thitc 
inches,  which  was  a  great  and  a  goodly  fi(h ; 
tut  have  been  aflured  there  lire  of  a  far  greater 
£ze,  and  in  England  too  *• 
cT  Now,  as  the  increafe  of  Carps  is  wonderful 
for  their  number,  fo  there  is  not  a  teafon  found 
t)ut,  I  think  by  any,  why  they  (hould  breed  in 
Ibme  ponds,  and  not  in  others  df  the  fame  na« 
ture  for  foil  and  all  other  circumftances :  and  as 
their  breeding,  fo  are  their  decays  alfavery  myf- 
terious  :  I  have  both  read  it  and  been  told  by 
U  gentleman  of  tried  honefty,  that  he  has  known 
ttxcy  or  more  large  Carps  put  into  feveral  poods 
near  to  a  houfe,  where,  by  reafon  of  the  ftakes 
in  the  ponds,  and  the  owner's  conftant  being  near 
to  them,  it  was  impoflible  they  ihould  be  ftole 
away  from  him :  and  that  when  he  has^after  three 
or  four  years  emptied  the  pond,  and  expeded 
dn  increafe  from  them  by  breeding  young  one^^ 
for  that  they  mdghtdo  fo,  he  had,  as  the  rule  is^ 
put  in  three  melters  for  one  fpawner,  he  has,  I  fay; 
.after  three  or  four  years,  found  neither  a  young 
tior  old  Carp  remaining.     And  the  like  I  have 
known  of  one  that  has  almod  watched  the  pond^ 
and  at  a  like  diftance  of  time  at  the  fifliing  of 
a  pond,  found  of  feventy  or  eighty. large  Carps 
not  above  five  or  fix.     And  that  he  had  forbctfn 
longer  to  fiih  the  faid  pond,  but  that  hefaw  in  a 
hot  day  in  fummer,  a  large  Carpfwim  near  the 
top  of  the  water  with  a  frog  upon  his  head,  and 
that  he  upon  that  occ^fion  caufed  his  pond  to  be 

'^Thetuthor  of  Th  j^gler^s/ure  GttiJe  {ay s^  that  lie  has 
taken  Carp  above  twenty-fix  inches  k>ag  in  rivers ;  and 
adds,  that  they  are  ofcen  feen  in  England  above  thirty  inches 
long, 

?        -  •.  let 


ap«  IX.  The  CofiPtETi  AiiGtza.     1^9 

let  dry  :  drid  I  fty,  of  fcVcnty  or  eighty  Carps^ 
bnly  found  five  or  fix  ih  the  faid  pond,  and  thoic 
very  fick  and  lean,  and  with  every  one  a  frog 
ftickihg  fo  faft  on  the  head  of  the  faid  Carps, 
that  the  frog  ^ould  not  be  got  off  without  ex- 
treme force  or  killing :  and  the  gentleman  that 
Sid  affirm  this  to  me,  told  me  he  faw  it,  and  did 
declare  his  belief  to  be,  and  I  alfo  believe  the 
fame,  that  he  thought  the  6ther  Carps  that  were 
ib  ftrangely  loft,  were  fo  killed  by  frogs,  and 
then  devoured. 

Arid  a  perfon  of  honour,  now  living  in  WcT'- 
tefterjinriy  affured  me  he  had  feen  a  necklace,  or 
collar  of  tadpoles,  hang  like  a  chain  or  necklace 
bf  beads  about  a  Pike's  neck,  and  to  kill  him  ; 
whether  it  be  for  meat  or  malice,  muft  be  to 
iiie  a  queftion. 

But  I  am  fallen  into  this  difcourfe  by  accident, 
bf  which  I  might  fay  more^  but  it  has  proved 
longer  than  I  intended,  and  poflibly  may  not  to 
you  be  confiderable :  I  (hall  therefore  give  you 
three  or  four  more  Ihort  obfcrvations  of  the 
Carp,  and  then  fall  upon  fome  direftions  how 
.you  (hall  fi(h  for  him. 

The  age  of  Carps  is  by  Sir  Francis  Bacon,  in 
his  hiftory  of  life  and  death,  obferved  to  be  but 
ten  years,  yet  others  think  they  live  longer.  Gef^ 
ner.hySy  a  Carp  has  been  known  to  live  in  the 
Palatinate  above  a  hundred  years :  But  moft  oon- 
dude,  that,  contrary  to  the  Pike  or  Luce,  all 
Carps  are  the  better  for  age  and  bigncfs  \  the 
tongues  of  Carps  are  noted  to  be  choice  and 
xroftly  meat,  cfpecially.  to  them  that  buy  them  : 
but  Gefner  fays^  Carps  have  no  tongue  like  other 
ii(h,  but  a  piece  of  fie(h-like  BIh  in  their  mouth 

N  2  like 


t8o         STi&tf  Complete  ANGLEiti    PartL 

like  to  a  tongue,  and  (hould  be  called  a  palate : 
But  it  13  certain  it  is  choicely  good,  and  that  the 
Carp  is  to  be  reckoned  amongft  thofe  leather^ 
mouthed  (ilh,  which  I  told  you  have  their  teeth 
in  their  throaty  and  for  that  reafon  he  is  very  fel- 
dom  loft  by  breaking  his  hold^  if  your  hook  be 
once  (luck  into  his  chaps. 

I  told  you  that  Sir  Francis  Bacan  thinks  that 
the  Carp  lives  but  ten  years,  but  Janus  Duira* 
vius  has  writ  a  book  of  fifh  and  fifli-ponds^  in 
which  he  fays,  that  Carps  begin  to  fpawn  at  the 
age  of  three  years,  and  continue  to  do  (o  till 
thirty :  he  fays  alfo,  that  in  the  time  of  their 
breeding,  which  is  in  fummer,  when  the  fun  bath 
warmed  both  the  earth  and  water,  and  fo  apted 
them  alio  for  generation,  that  then  three  or  four 
male  Carps  will  follow  a  female,  and  that  then 
fhe  putting  on  a  feeming  coynefs,  they  force  her 
through  weeds  and  flags,  where  (he  lets  fall  her 
eggs  or  fpawn,  which  fticks  faft  to  the  weeds, 
and  then  they  let  fall  their  melt  upon  it,  and  fo 
it  becomes  in  a  fhort  time  to  be  a  living  fifli ; 
and  as  I  told  you,  it  is  choUght  the  Carp  does 
this  feveral  months  in  the  year,  and  moft  believe 
that  moft  Blh  breed  after  this  manner,  except  the 
Eel :  and  it  has  been  obferved,  that  when  the 
fpawner  has  weakened  herfelf  by  jdoing  that  natu- 
ral office,  tbiat  two  or  three  meltei^  hive  helped 
her  from  oflf  the  weeds  by  bcartoghcr  apon  both 
fides,  and  guarding  her  into  the  deep.  And  you 
may  note,  that  though  this  may  feem  a  curiofity 
not  worth  obferving,  yet  others  have  judged  it 
worth  their  time  and  cofts,  to  make  glafs-hives, 
and  order  thejtk  in  fuch  a  manner  as  to  fee  how 
bees  have  bred  and  made  their  honey -combs,  and 

how 


Chap.  IX.  The  Complete  Angler.  iSi 
bow  chcjr  have  obeyed  their  king,  and  governed 
their  commonwealth.  But  it  is  thought  that 
all  Carps  are  not  bred  by  generation,  but  that 
fome  breed  other  ways,  as  fome  Pikes  do. 

The  phyficians  makes  the  galls  and  ftones  in 
the  heads  of  Carps  to  be  very  medicinal ;  but 
'tis  not  to  be  doubted,  but  that  in  liafy  they  make 
great  profit  of  the  rpawn  of  Carps,  by  felling  ic 
CO  the  JewSt  who  make  it  into  red  caveer,  the 
Jnes  not  being  by  their  law  admitted  to  eat  of 
caveer  made  of  the  Sturgeon,  that  being  a  filh 
that  wants  fcales,  and,  as  may  appear  in  Levit. 
xi.  by  them  reputed  to  be  unclean. 

Much  more  might  be  faid  out  of  him,  and 
out  of  AriftetUy  which  Duhravitu  often  quotes 
in  his  difcourfe  of  fifhes;  but  it  might  rather 
perplex  than  fatisfy  you,  and  therefore  I  fliall 
rather  chufe  to  direct  you  how  to  catch,  than 
fpcnd  more  time  in  difcourfing  eitt^r  of  thp 
nature  or  the  breeding  of  thi$ 


.N  3 


iH         5*^ip  CoMPLET?  Angler.    Partl.^ 

or  of  any  more  circumftances  concerning  him  ^ 
but  yet  I  (hall  remember  you  of  wh^t  I  told  you 
before,  that  he  is  a  very  fubtil  fi(h,  and  bard  tq 
be  ctiught. 

And  my  firft  dircfflion  is,  that  if  you  will  fiftj 
for  a  Carp,  you  muft  put  on  a  very  large  mea- 
fure  of  patience,  efpecially  to  fifh  for  a  rivec 
Garp !  I  have  known  a  very  good  iifher  anglq 
diligently  four  or  fix  hours  in  a  day,  for  three  be 
four  days  together,  for  a  river  Carp,  and  not 
have  a  bite :  and  you  are  to  note,  th^t  in  fomc 
ponds,  it  is  as  hard  to  catch  a  Carp  as  in  a  river  ^ 
tjiat  is  to  fay,  where  they  have  ftore  of  feed,  and 
the  water  is  of  a  clayijfh  colour :  but  yoti  are  to 
remember,  that  I  have  told  yp'u  there  is  no  rule 
without  an  exception,  and  therefore  being  pofleft 
with  that  hope  and  patience  which  I  wilh  to  all 
fiffxers,  efpecially  to  the  Carp-angler,  I  (hall  telll 
you  with  what  bait  to  fifh  for  hiip.  But  firft^ 
you  are  to  know,  that  it  mufi  be  either  early  or 
late ;  and  let  me  tell  you,  that  in  hot  weather, 
for  he  will  feldom  bite  in  cold,  you  cannot  be 
too  early  or  too  late  at  it.  And  fome  have  been 
fo  curious  as  to  fay,  the  tenth  of  Jffril  is  a  fatal 
day  for  Carps. 

The  Carp  bites  either  at  worms  or  at  pafte, 
and  of  worms  I  think  the  bluilh  marfh  or  mea- 
dow-worm is  belt;  but  poffibjy  another  worm, 
not  too  big,  may  do  as  well,  and  fo  niay  a  green 
gentle :  and  as  for  paftes,  there  are  almost  as 
many  forts  as  there  are  medicines  for  the  tooth- 
ache, butdoubtlefs  fweet  paftes  are  beft ;  I  mean, 
paftes  made  with  horfey  or  with  fiigar  t  which, 
that  you  may  the  better  beguile  this  crafty  fifh; 
fhould  be  thrown  into  the  pond  or  place  iri 

^'5  "     .' ""  *  '   ■  '    ■    which 


v^ 


^0\ipAX.  The  Complete  Avcii^..     iffjr 

which  you  fifli  for  him,  fome  hours  or  longer' 
before  you  undertake  your  trial  of  (kill  with  the. 
ajiglerod :  and  doubtlefs  if  it  be  thrown  into 
the  water  a  day  or  two  before,  at  feveral  cimes 
and  in  fmail  pe)lets,.you  are  the  likelier  when  yoii 
fi(b  for  the  Carp  to  obcaio  your  defired  fport ;  or 
iq  ^,  large  pond,  to  draw  them  to  any  certain 
place,  ^at  they  may  the  better  ^d.  with  more^ 
hope  be  fiQied  for,  you  are  to  throw  intb  it,  in 
f^me  certain  place,  either  grains  or  blood  mixt 
with  cpw-duag  or  with  bran  ;  or  any  garbage, 
as  chicken's  guts  or  the  like,  and  then  fome  of. 
your  fmall  fweet  pellets  with  which  you  purpofe 
tp  ^ngle :  and  thefe  fmall  pellets  being  a  few  of 
ibtm  alfQ  thrown  in  as  you  are  angling,  will  be^ 
tb^  better.  .    : 

;  And  your  pafte  muft  be  thus  made  :  take  the^ 
l|eO^  of  g  rabbet  or  a  cat  cut  fmall,  and  bean-flour^ 
Bfid  if  th^t  may  not  be  ca&ly  got,  get  other  flour,- 
9nd  then  mi^  thefe  together,  and  put  to  them 
either  fqgar  or  honey,  which  I  think  better,  and . 
thep  beat  thefe  together  in  a  mortar,  or  fome- 
times  work  them  in  your  hands,  your  hands  being 
very  clean,  and  then  make  it  into  a  baU,  or 
two,  or  three,  as  you  like  befl:  for  your  ufe ; " 
but  you  mult  work  or  pound  it  fo  long  in  the 
mortar,  as  to  make  it  fo  tough  as  to  hang  upon 
your  hook  without  wafliing  from  it,  yet  i^ot  too 
hard ;  or  that  you  may  the  better  keep  it  on  your 
hook,  you  may  knead  it  with  your  pafle  a  little, 
and  not  much,  white  or  yellowish  wool. 

And  if  you  would  have  this  pafte  keep  all  the 
year  for  any  other  fi(h,  then  mix  with  it  virgin^ 
wax  and  clarified  honey,  and  work  them  together 

N  4  witli 


1B4        5*^  GoMPtETE  AKGtERt    Parti* 

with  your  hands  before  the  fire,  then  make  theie 
intp  bali5,  and  they  will  Icecp  all  thp  year. 

And  if  you  fifh  for  a  Carp  with  gentles,  theqr 
put  upon  your  hook  a  fmall  piece  of  fcarlec 
lilx>pt  this  hignefs  Ip,  it  bejng  foaked  in,  oc 
anointed  with  oil  ot  peter,  called  by  fpmc  oil  of 
the  rock;  and  if  your  gentles  be  put  t^o  qx  three 
days  before,  into  a  box  ov  horn  anointed  wit^ 
honey,  and  fo  put  upon  your  hook  as  to  preferve 
Jthem  to  be  living, '  you  are  as  like  to  kill  this 
crafty  fifih  this  way  as  any  other ;  but  ftill  as  you 
«re  fiihing  chew  a  little  white  or  brpwh  bread  in 
^our  mQuth,  and  caft  it  into  the  pond  about  the 
place  where  your  float  fwims.  Other  baits  there 
be,  but  thefe  with  diligence  and  patient  watch-^ 
fulnefs,  will  do  it  better  than  any  that  I  have 
ever  pradtifed  or  heard  of :  and  yet  I  iball  tell 
you,  that  the  crumbs  of  white  bread  and  honey 
made  into  a  pafte  i$  a  good  bait  for  a  Carp,  and 
you  know  it 'is  more  cafily  made.  And  having 
faid  thu?  much  of  the  Carp  %  my  next  dil- 

courfe 

*  Th^lia^nt$  of  river  Carp  are,  in  the  winter- months, 
the  broadeft  and  ino(l  quiet  parts  of  the  river ;  but  in  fammer^* 
they  lie  in  deep  holes,  nooks,  aiid  reaches,  near  fome  fconrj^ 
and  under  roots  of  trees,  hollow  banks,  and,  till  they  are 
near  rotting,  amongft  or  near  great  beds  of  weeds,  flags,  {ffr. 

Pond  Carp  cadnot,  with  propriety,  be  faid  to  have  any 
haunts,  only  it  is  to  h^  noted,  that  they  love  a  fat  rich  foil, 
and  never  thrive  i^  a  co(d  hungry  water. 

They  Wedd  tliree  or  four  times  a  year,  but  their  firft 
(pawning-time  is  the  beginning  t)f  May, 

Baits  for  the  Carp  a^e  all  forts  of  earth  and  dunghill- 
worms,  flag- worms,  gralhoppers,  though  not  at  top» 
ox- brains,  the  pith  of  an  ox's  back-bone,  green  peafe. 
^and  red  or  black  cherries,  with  the  Hones  taken  btit. 


^Qurfe  (ball  be  of  the  Bream,  which  (hall  not 
prove  fo  tedious,  and  therefore  I  deGre  the  con* 
tinuance  of  your  attention. 

Put  firft  I  well  tell  you  how  to  make  this  Carp^ 
diat  is  fo  curious  to  be  caught,  fo  curious  adilh 
of  meat,  as  (hall  make  him  worth  all  your  la- 
bour and  patience ;  apd  though  it  is  not  without 
fome  trouble  and  charges,  yet  it  will  recompenfe 
both. 

Take  a  Carp,  alive  if  pollible,  fcour  him,  and 
rub  him  clean  with  water  and  fait,  but  fcalehim 
not  I  then  open  him,  and  put  him  with  his  blood 
and  his  liver,  which  you  muft  fave  when  you 
open  him,  into  a  fmall  pot  or  ketde ;  then  take 
fweet  marjoram,  time  and  parfley,  of  each  half 
a  |)andful,  a  fprig  of  rofemary,  and  another  of  fa* 
voiiry,  bind  them  into  two  or  three  fmall  bundles, 
and  put  them  to  your  Carp,  with  four  or  five 
whole  onions,  twenty  pickled  oyfters,  and  three 
anchovies.  Then  pour  upon  your  Carp  as 
much  claret  wine  as  will  only  cover  him,  and 
^^on  your  claret  well  with  fait,  cloves  and  mace» 
and  the  rinds  of  oranges  and  lemons ;  that  done, 

Fi(h  widi  ftroQg  tackle,  very  near  the  bottom,  and  with 
a  fine  grafs  or  jgut  next  the  hook,  and  ofe  a  goofe-qoill 
ildat.  Never  attempt  to  angle  for  the  Carp  in  a  boat,  for 
f1iey  win  not  come  near  it. 

It  is  faid  iherti  are  many  Carp  in  the  TbamtSt  weftward  of 
London^  and  that  about  February  they  retire  to  the  creeks  in , 
that  river ;  in  fbme  of  which,  many  have  been  taken  with 
an  angle  aibove  two  feet  long.    AvgUt^sfunGmif.  179. 

Carp  live  the  longeft  oat  of  the  water  of  any  fifli.  It  is 
a  common  practice  in  Hollandy  and  here  too,  to  keep  them 
alive  for  three  weeks  or  a  month ;  which  is  done  by  hang- 
fng  them  in  a  cool  place,  with  wet  moG  in  a  net,  and  teed* 
in^  theih  with  bread  and  milk. 

cover 


lis        y)&^  Comply t?  Akcler.    Parti) 

cover  yowr  pot  and  fct  it  on  a  quick  fire  till  it  be 
jufficiently  boiled  ;  then  take  out  the  Carp  and 
lay  it  with  the  broth  into  the  di(h»  and  poun 
upon  it  a  quarter  of  a  pound  of  the  beft  frelh 
biitter^  melted  and  beaten  with  half  a  dozen' 
^oonfuls  of  the  broth,  the  yolks  of  two  or  three 
eggs,  and  feme  of  the  herbs  (hred ;  garnifli  your 
-  difl^  with  leovons,  and  faferve  it  up,  and  mucb 
good  do  you. 

Dr.  n 


CHAP.    X, 

Obfcrvations  of  tie  Bre  a  m,  and  DireSiiMS 

to,  catch  him. 

* 

P  I S  C  A  T  O  R4 

TH  E  Bream  being  at  a  full  growth,  is  m 
large  and  ftately  fifh :  he  will  breed  both 
,  in  rivers  and  ponds,  but  loves  belt  to 
Kve  in  ponds,  and  where,  if  he  likes  the  water 
and  air,  be  will  grow  not  only  to  be  very  large^ 
but  as  fat  as  a  hog :  he  is  by  Gefntr  taken  to  be 
more  pleafant  or  fweet  than  wholfome ;  this  fi(b. 
is  long  in  growings  but  breeds  exceedingly  in  a 
water  that  pleafes  him ;  yea,  in  nuiny  ponds  fq 
faft,  as  to  over  (lore  them^  and  ftarve  the  other 

.  He  is  very  brpad  with  a  forked  tail,  and  his 
fcales  fet  in  excellent  order ;  he  hath  large  eyes, 
and  a  narrow  fucking-^mouth  •,  hc^  hath  two  fers 

of 


Chap.  5^.  f!6^  CdMStBTB  ANCiEfe.      isf 

pf  teeth,  and  a  lozenge- like  bone,  a  bone  to 
\\c\p  his  grinding.  The  melter  is  obfcrvcd  to 
have  two  large  melts,  and  the  fennale  two  large 
bags  of  eggs  or  fpawn. 

Gqfner  reports,  that  in  Poland^  a  certain  and 
a:  great  number  of  large  Breams  were  put  into  a 
pond,  which  in  the  next  following  winter  were 
frozen  up  into  one  entire  ice,  and  not  one  drop 
of  water  remaining,  nor  one  of  thefe  fiOi  to  be 
found,  though  they  were  diligently  fearched  for; 
and  yet  the  next  fpring  when  the  ice  was  thawed, 
and  the  weather  warm,  and  freQi  water  got  into 
the  pond,  he  affirms  they  all  appeared  again. 
This  Gefner  afErms,  and  I  quote  my  author, 
becaufe  it  feems  almoft  as  incredible  as  the  refur- 
reftion  to  an  atheift.  But  it  may  win  fome- 
0Hng;  4ii  .'point  t)f  believing  it,  to  him  that 
confiders  the  breeding  or  renovation  of  the  filk^ 
^orm,  and  of  many  infefls.  And  that  is  con- 
fiderable  which  Sir  Francis  Bacon  obferves  in  \nt 
hiftory  of  life  and  death,  fol.  20.  that  there  be 
fonre  herbs  that  die  and  fpring  every  year,  and 
fome  endure  longer. 

Bot  tliough  fome  do  not,  yet  the  French  cGietm 
this  fifti  highly,  and  to  that  end  have  this  proverb, 
^*  He  that  hath  Breams  in  his  pond  is  able  to  bid 
"  his  friend  welcome.**  And  it  is  noted,  that 
the  bed  part  of  a  Bream  is  his  belly  and  head. 

Some  fay,  that  Breams  and  Roaches  will  mix 
their  eggs  and  melt  together,  and  fo  there  is  in 
many  places  a  baftard  bre<tl  of  Breams,  that 
never  come  to  be  either  large  or  good,  but  very 
numerous. 

The  baits  good  to  catch  this 

Bream 


188         J^  CqMptBTi  Angi*5»*    Parti* 


are  many.  r.  Pafte  made  of  brown  bread  and 
honey,  gentles,  or  the  brood  of  wafps  that  be 
young,  and  then  not  unlike  gentles,  and  Ihould 
be  hardened  in  an  oven,  or  dried  on  a  tile  before 
t5e  fire  to  make  them  tough-,  or  there  is  at  the 
HODC  of  docks  or  flags,  or  ruQics  in  watery  places, 
a  woroi  not  unlike  a  maggot,  at  which  Tench 
will  bite  freely.  Or  he  will  bite  at  a  grafliopper 
with  his  legs  nipt  off*  in  June  and  7"^)  ^'^  aE 
feveral  Sies  under  water,  which  may  be  found  on 
flags  that  grow  near  to  the  wacer-fide.  I  doubt- 
not  but  that  there  be  many-other  tnits  that  are 
good,  but  I  will  turn  them  all  into  this  mofl;  - 
excellent  one,  either  for  a  Carp  or  Bream,  in  any- 
river  or  mere :  it  was  given  to  me  by  a  moft 
honeft  and  excellent  angler,  and  hoping  you 
will  prove  both,  I  will  impart  it  to  you. 

I.  Let  your  bait  be  as  big  a  red-worm  as  you 

can  find,  without  a  knot  ^  get  a  pint  or  quart  of 

them 


Chtip«  X.    ^i^  Complete  Arolsr.      189^ 

them  in  an  evening  in  garden-walks,  or  chalky 
commons,  after  a  Ihower  of  rain  ^  and  put  chem 
with  clean  mofs  well  waflied  apd  picked,  and  che 
water  fqueezed  out  of  the  mofs  as  dry  as  you  caot 
into  an  earthen  pot  or  pipkin  let  dry,  and  change 
che  mofs  frefli  every  three  or  four  days  for  tfacce 
weeks  or  a  moYith  together ;  then  your  bait  will 
be  at  the  beft,  for  it  will  i)^  clear  and  lively* 

€.  Having  thus  prepared  your  baits,  g^yoar 
tackling  ready  and  fitted  for  this  fport«  Take 
three  long  angling-rods,  and  as  many  and  mope 
iilk,  or  filk  and  hair  lines,  and  as  naany  large 
fwan  or  goofe-quill  floats.  Then  take  a  piece  of 
lead  made  after  this  manner,  and 
fatten  them  to  the  low  ends  of  your  ^^^^^ 
lines.  Then  faften  your  link-hook  al-  ^^^^m 
fo  to  the  lead,  and  let  there  be  about 
a  foot  or  ten  inches  between  the  lead  and  the 
Jiook  ;  but  be  fure  the  lead  be  heavy  enough  to 
fink  the  float  or  quill  a  little  under  the  water, 
and  not  the  quill  to  bear  up  the  lead,  for  the  lead 
muft  lie  on  the  ground.  Note,  that  your  link 
next  the  hook  may  be  fmaller  than  the  reft  of 
your  line,  if  you  dare  adventure,  for  fear  of  taking 
the  Pike  or  Pearch,  who  will  aflTuredly  vifit  your 
hooks  till  they  be  taken  out,  as  I  will  (hew  yoa 
afterwards,  before  either  Carp  or  Bream  will 
come  near  to  bite.  Note  alfo,  that  when  the 
worm  is  well  baited,  it  will  crawl  up  and  down 
as  far  as  the  lead  will  leave,  which  much  enticeth 
the  fifli  to  bite  without  fufpicion. 

3.  Having  thus  prepared  your  baits,  and  fitted 
your  tackling,  repair  to  the  river,  where  you 
have  fecn  them  fwim  in  (kuWs  or  (hoals  in  the 
iummer  time  in  a  hot  afternoon,  about  three  or 

four 


*9o        The  Complete  AhgLz^*~  Part  I: 

foxxt  of  the  dock,  and  watch  their  going  forth 
foi  theif  deep  holes  and  returningi  which  you 
•may  well  dil'cern,  for  they  return  about  four  of 
the  clocks  mod  of  them  ieeking  food  at  the 
tettom»  yet  one  or  two  will  lie  on  the  top  of  the 
5«ater»  rolling  and  tumbling  themfelves  whilft 
Ebe  re^  are  undep«ium  at  the  bottom^  and  ib  you 
ihaU  perceive  him  to  keep  centin^l ;  then  mark 
*where  he  plays  mod  and  ftays  longefi:^  which 
commonly  is  in  the  broadeft  and  deepcft  place 
loi  the  river,  and  there^  or  near  thereabouts,  a£ 
a  clear  boitom  and  a  convenient  ianding-place^ 
tak/^  one  of  your  angles  ready  fitted  as  aforefaid^ 
and  found  the  bottom,  which  (hould  be  about 
eight  or  ten  feet  deep,  two  yards  from  the  bank 
is  the  bdl.  Then  confider  with  yourfcif  whether 
that  water  will  rife  or  fall  by  the  next  morning, 
liy  reafon  of  any  water-mills  near,  and  according 
10  your  difcretioh  take  the  depth  of  the  place, 
yhere  yau  mean  after  to  caft  your  ground-bair, 
and  to  fi(h,  to  half  an  inch  ;  that  the  lead  lying 
on  or  near  the  ground-bait,  the  ttfp  of  the -float 
iDay  only  appear  upright  half  an  inch  above  the 
water. 

Thus  you  having  found  and  fitted  for  the  place 
and  depth  thereof,  then  go  home  and  prepare 
your  ground-bait,  which  is  next  to  the  fruit  of 
your  labours,  to  be  regarded. 

The  Ground-Bait, 

You  (hall  take  a  peck,  or  a  peck  and  a  half, 
according  to  the  great nefs  of  the  flream  and 
deepnefs  of  the  water  where  you  mean  to  angle, 
of  fweet  grofs-ground  barley-malt,  and  boil  it  in 
akectie,  one  or  two  warms  is  enough  *,  then  (train 

it 


Chap.  Xw   !r^  Complete  AKCLtR,      i^t 

k  through  a  bag  into  a  tub^  the  liquor  whcrouf 
^hach  often  done  my  horfe  much  good,  and  whcc 
«thc  bag  and  malt  is  near  cold,  take  it  down  cc 
the  water-fide  about  eight  or  nine  of  the  dock  tn 
the  evening,  and  not  before ;  caft  in  two  parts  at 
your  ground*  bait,  fqueezed  hard  between  both 
your  hands,  it  will  fink  prefently  to  the  botiXMn, 
and  be  fure  it  may  reft  in  the  very  place  wbet« 
you  mean  to  angle ;  if  the  fitream  run  hard  or 
move  a  little,  caft  your  malt  in  handfuls  a  little 
die  higher,  upwards  the  ftream.  You  may  be- 
tween your  hands  clofe  the  msdt  fo  faft  tn  hand- 
fuls, that  the  water  will  hardly  part  it  with  the 
faU. 

Your  ground  thus  baited  and  tackling  fitted, 
leave  your  bag  with  the  reft  of  your  tackling  and 
gfound4>ait  near  die  fporting-place  all  night, 
and  in  the  morning  about  throe  or  four  of  the 
'cl^ck  vifit  the  wacer-fide,  but  not  too  near,  for 
they  have  a  cunning  watchman,  and  are  watch- 
ful themfelves'  too. 

.  Then  gently  take  one  of  your  three  rods,  and 
4>ait  your  hook,  cafting  it  over  your  ground-bait^ 
and  gently  and  fecretly  draw  it  to  you  till  the 
4ead  refts  about  the  middle  of  the  ground-bait« 

Then  take  a  fecond  rod  and  caft  in  about  a 
yard  above,  and  your  third  a  yard  below  the  firft 
rod,  and  (lay  the  rods  in  the  ground,  but  go 
yourfelf  fo  far  from  the  water- fide,  that  you 
perceive  nothing  but  the  top  of  the  floats,  which 
you  muft  watch  moft  diligently ;  then  when  you 
have  a  bite,  you  fliall  perceive  the  top  of  your 
float  to  fink  fuddenly  into  the  water;  yet  never- 
thclefs  be  not  too  hafty  to  run  to  your  rods,  until 
you  fee  that  the  line- goes  clear  away,  then  creep 

to 


fji         yie  CDMj^tETE  AKdLER.    Parti; 

m  ibe  water-fide,  and  give  as  much  line  as  ^of- 
6bly  you  can  :  if  it  be  a  good  Carp  or  Breaoi^ 
diey  will  go  to  the  farther  fide  of  the  river,  tbefi 
ftrike  gently^  and  hold  your  rod  at  a  beat  a  little 
while;  but  if  you  both  pull  together  you  are 
fure  to  lofe  your  game,  for  either  your  line  or 
Jiook,  or  hold  will  break  ;  and  after  you  have 
overcome  them,  they  will  make  noble  fport,  and 
are  very  (hy  to  be  landed.  The  Carp  is  far 
ftronger  and  more  mettlefome  than  the  Bream. 

Much  more  is  to  be  obferved  in  this  kind  of 
fiih  and  filhing,  but  it  la  far  fitter  for  experience 
and  difcourfe  than  paper.  Only  this  much  id 
necefliary  for  you  to  know,  and  to  be  mindful 
ind  careful  of,  that  if  the  Pike  or  Pearch  do 
breed  in  that  river,  they  will  be  fure  to  bite  firl^ 
and  muft  firft  be  taken.  And  for  the  moft  part 
they  are  very  large,  and  will  repali^to  your 
ground-bait,  not  that  they  will  eat  of  %  but 
will  feed  and  fport  themietves  amongft  the  young 
fry  that  gather  about  and  hover  over  the  bait. 

The  way  to  difcem  the  Pike  and  to  take  him^ 
if  you  mtftruft  your  Bream  hook,  for  I  hav6 
taken  a  Pike  a  yard  k)n^  feveral  times  at  iisy 
Bream  hooks,  and  fometimes  he  hatb  had  fbe 
luck  to  (hare  my  line,  miay  be  thus : 

Take  a  fmall  Bleak,  or  Roach^  or  Gudgeon^ 
and  bait  Tt,  and  fet  it  alive  among  your  rods  twa 
feet  deep  from  the  cork>  with  a  little  red-worm 
on  the  point  of  the  hook ;  then  take  a  few 
crumbs  of  white  bread,  or  fome  of  the  ground- 
bait,  and  fprinkle  it  gently  amongft  your  rodsv 
If  Mr.  Pike  be  there,  then  the  little  fifii  wil{ 
flcip  out  of  the  water  at  his  appearance,  but  the 
ltve*ibt'bait  is  fure  to  be  taken. 

Thus 


Thus  continue  your  fport  from  four  iri  the 
morning  tilt  eighty  arid  if  it  be  a  gloomy  windy 
day,  they  will  bite  all  d^y  loHg.  But  this  is  too 
long  to  ftand  to  your  rods  at  otit  place,  iind  it  will 
fpoil  your  evening-fport  that  day,  which  is  this. 

About  four  Qf  the  clock  in  the  stfternodri  repair 
to  your  baited-place,  and  as  fpon  as  you  come  to 
the  water  fide,  caft  in  one  half  of  the  reft  of 
your  ground  bait,  and  ftand  off:  then  whilft  the 
fiih  are  gathering  together,,  for  there  they  will 
moft  certainly  come  for  their  fupper,  you  may 
take  a  pipe  of  tobacco,  and  then  in  with  your 
three  rods  as  in  the  morning :  You  will  find  ex* 
cellent  (port  that  evening  till  eight  of  the  clcick ; 
then  caft  in  the  fefidue  of  your  ground- bait,  and 
next  morning  by  fgrui:  pf  the  clock  vifit  them 
again  for  four  hours,  which  is''  the  beft  fpdrt  of 
all;  and  after  that,  let  them. /eft  till  yqu  §Dd 
your  friends  have  a  mind  to  more  fport. .       :l 

Froni  St.  JiiMMj's-tide  until  BarlbolomewtiAt 
is  the  beft  \  when  they  have  had  alltheiVmmer'^ 
food,  they  are  the  fatteft*  .   '    \; 

Obferve  laftly,  that  after  three  or  four  c(ay& 
filhing  together,  your  game  will  be  very  Oxf  ana 
wary«  and  you  (hall  hardly  get  abave  a  bite  o^ 
two  at  a  baiting ;  then  your  only  way  is  todefift 
from  your  fport  about  twqr  or  tht^ev.days,  artdua 
the  nnpean  time^  on  the  ptace  you  late  bilatted,  ail4 
dgatnf  intend  to^  bait,  you  (hall  take  a  turf  of 
green,  but  jhort  grafs,  as  big  or  bigger  than  a . 
found  trencher ;  to  the  top  of  thia  turf,  pn  the 
greens  (ide,^  you-  (hall  with  a  ntedle  and  green 
thread  fatten  one  by  one  as-many  little  rcd-wdrms 
is  will  near  cover  a!f  the  turf:  then  takd  a 
rounid'  board'  ox.  trencher,  make  ^  hole  in  the 

O  middle 


194       S%r  C»KFi.fTi  AHCLrR.   ,TmL 

middle  thereof,  and  through  the  furl*  placed  on 
the  board  or  trencher,  with  d^  ftring  or  cord  n 
long  as  h  fiitingt  tied  la  a  pQ)e>  kit  ilt  dawn  tQ  i ho 
bottom  of  the  water,  for  the  6^  to  feed  upon 
without  difturbance  aboMC  two  eir  three  days  i 
and/  afcei  that  you  have  diww*  k  VH$if^  yoa  ooay 
fatl  to,  and  eii^  yonr  loriikcr  rucreatien  \      : 

&  At 

'  '  *■■■       I      >  '    1    .      J      .  '      .  .     .         ■  'v .«i  'i 

C  ^  A  P:    XI. 

O^iMfkut  rf  the  Ts N c  IT,  and  Aiom 

how  ta  an^'Jifr' BtHtf 

r- 

TH^B  Tench,  the  phyficran  6f  fiftesv  is 
obferved  tp  Io¥c  pond^  better  than  rivers^ 
and  to  lore  pits  better  than  either  v  vei 
Camden  oblerves,  there  is  a  river  ithDor/etfiiri 
aba(  abounds  with  Tenches,  but  doubilefs  the^ 
fecirc  to  the  nnoft  deep  and  quiet  phees  in  ir. 
"  Tim  SUti  hath  very  large  fins,  very  fmal)  and 
Inooth  fcaksy  a  red  circle  about  his  eyes,  wMcb 

'^.Thc  katfirtf  ef  Ae  Bretn,  a  Uk  wli^  irhe  aagle# 
Iddom  meecs^fritliv  ara  the  dec pdl  and  bfi^drft  p9it».  Qf 
mntlc  foft  aieatntt  with  6ukdy  drnjey  bottams,  aod  the 
orQadaft  aiiri  lapft  qoiet  places  of  poaqt^  «»4  where  there 
arc  weeds. 

Thejr  i|Paw«  Aout  thebegtimiiig^f  ^^;  alkde  befer# 
whkh  tiaie  thej  arebrftin  ftafoji^  thoi^  fqRir  tUnk than 

The  baits  for  the  Breaai  arqf,  red-worniSj,  j[%«U  lob,  or 
mar(h-worms»  gentles,  aiid  graflioppers. 
Ir  gcacfair  they  are  to  be  fifiied  for  as  Carp. 


I 


.  /         .f   I 


'«rel%  arid  of  a  gold  colour,  ancl  from  either 
Utiglt  of  his  thouth  thert  hangs  down  i  little 
barb  J  in  etciy  Tench's  hirad  there  are  two  little 
ftofits,:  which  foitigh  phyficiiin^  make  great  ufe 
of r  t>m  lie  ii  dot  tort^fnended  fef  iF^offeme  itieft^ 
thckigfif  thtit  be  vert  milich  ufe  made  ot  them 
fbt  outwktd  ^piieafiorii.  Rjmlty/as  Oji,  TKitt 
at  bis.  being  ^t.  Rathi^  he  faw  a  ^itkt  tiitt  dbtie 
by  appWng^  a  Tench  to  the  feet  of  a  very  flck 
m^.  This  he  ftys,  was  done  after  an  unufoal 
irtahner  f)jr  fccftaih  5^^^.  And  it  is  obfcrved> 
that  m^tiy  of  thofe  people  have  many  fecrets 
yetunknowri  ttiChriftians^'fecreh  that  have  never 
yet  becifl  ^if tten,  but  havte  been  fiiice  the  days  di 
their  Sokmdn^  who  knew  tfie  nature  of  aH  thinesi 
even  from  the  cedar  to  the  flirub,  delivered  by 
tradition  from  the  father  to  the  fon,  and  fo  froni 

E:nerationto  generation  withoiut  writing;  or  un- 
fs  it  were  ca^ally,  without  the  leaft  communi- 
cating them  to  any  other  nation  or  tribe  :  for  to 
do  that,  they  account  a  profanation.  And  yet 
it  is  thougiit  that  they^  or  Ibme  (pmt  worfe  thari 
they,  firft  told  us,  that  lice  fwallowed  alivc  were 
a  certait|l4S^l'^^  fo?  ^.hc  yeUqw^-^ay i^ifce*  This; 
9nd  many  other  medicines,  were  difcovered  by 
them  or  by  revelation  y  for^  doubtlefs,  we  attained 
them  not  by-ftudy. 

Well,  this  Slh,  befides  his  eating,  is  very  ufefut 
both  dead  and  alive  forthe  good  pf  mankind.  Ftit 
1  will  meddle  no  more  with  that,  my  honeft  humblci 
sat  teaclies^  w>  ftidh  bt>Mnefe ;  there  we  tba 
iri^y  fbbfim  meddl«l%  !^  ^hyfi«k  and  divinity,^ 
4lMt  thihk  theMfi^v^e^  fit  tQ  meddle  wkh  hkideA 
leetet^,  artd  fo  bi%ig'deft#u Aiorf  to  their  foHowers. 
-^k^  ril  not'  meddle  w*th  thfcittv  aiiy  farther 

O  2  than 


1^6  The  Complete  Aholer^/;  jp^tit^ 
than  to wHh them wHer i  and iball tell .younctf, 
for,  I  hope  I  may  be  fo  bold,  th«  the  Tencliii 
the  physician  of  fifhes,  for  tb?  Pike  elpeciallyV 
and  that  the  Pike,  being  either  lick,  or  tuirt,  i» 
cured  by  the  touch  of  the  Tench.  And  ic  is  ob- 
lerredj  that  the  cypaDt  Pike  .will  aot  be  a  wo^ 
to  his  phyficisD,  but  forbears  to  devour ,  bin> 
though  he  be  never  fo  hungry. . 

This  hfli,  that  carries  anatunalbadTana  iahinr 
to  cure  both  himfelf  and  others,  loves  yet  tofee^ 
in  very  foul  water,  and  amongft  weeds.  .  And 
yet  I  am  fuce  he  eats  plcalanlly,  apd,  doubdefs^ 
you  will  think  it  too,  ]£  you  tafte  him.  And  I 
fliall  therefore  proceed  to  give  you  feme  fcw^ 
and  but  a  few,  dtrc£tioBs  bow  to- catch  this. 


of  which  1  have:  g^ivcn  youtBefe  obferrajtionsL-;, 
He  will  bite  at  a  pafu  ipad^  of  brawn  br^ftd 
andhoney,  oratamarfb-wOFm,  oralob  wpr|]>> 
he  inclines  very  much  toany  pafte  with  whici^ 
tar  is  mixc,,  and  he  wiU.  bite  alfo  at  a  fmajlof  ■ 

WOEID^ 


Chair.  XII."  Tie  Covivvtrz  Angier.     197 

worm^  with  his  head  nipped  oflT,  and  a  cod- 
wprpi  pujt  on  the  hodk  before  ihat  worm ;  and  I 
doubt  not  *but  that  lie  will  alfo  in  the  three  hoc. 
months,  for  on  the  nine  colder  be  fiirs  not  much, 
bite  at  a  flag-woroi,  or  at  a  green  gende,  buc 
can  poritiveTy  fay  no  more  of  the  Tench,  he  being 
^  fi(h  that  I  have  hoc  often  angled  for  *  ^  but  I 
^ifli  my  honeft  fcholar  may,  and  be  tvtx  fortu* 
date  when  he  fiihes. 


CHAP.    XIL 


Oi^rvatmsoftbeFEj^RCH,  and  DireSioM 

Sow  tojijhjbr  Aim. 


PiSrATOIt. 

THE  Pearch  is  a  very  good,  and  a  very 
bold-biting  fifh  ;  he  is  one  of  the  fifties 
of  prey,  thdt,  like  the  Pike  and  Trout, 
carries  his  teeth  in  bis  mouth;  which  is  very 
large,  and  he*  dare  venture  to  kill  and  devour 
fevj&xal  oxher  kinds  *  of  B(h :  he  has  a  hook*d 

or 

"T  The  haunts  of  the  Tench  aie  nearly  tlie  fame  with  thofe 
<of  xhe  Carp  j^  ihey  delight  more  in  ponds  than  in  rivers,  aad 
Heuiider  weeds,  near  fluices,  and  at  pond  heads.' 

i  Hey  {pawn  about  the  beginning  otjufy,  and  are  beftin 
ieafoQ  fron[>  the  beginning  of  Sepiemher  to  thje  endof  A&[y  .• 
i3iey  vrill  bite  all  the  hot  mgnths,  biit^re  bed  taken  in  «4!if'/7 
and  May. ' 

There^are  no  better4>aitis  for  this  fifh  than  a  mididle-fize^ 
lob-'worni,  or  red>wormy  well  fcoured,  a  geatlei  aj^oang 

O  i  wafp- 


19?         TifeCoMPHW  Anii^i|S|i*    Ffltff 

or  hpg  b^ck9  which  i$  arrned  wttb  (b^rp  ^nd  fii^ 
^riftles,  and  ii\  his  jkin  afined  or  CQverj^^pyier 
with  thick,  drVf  hard  fcilcs,  and  hath^>!ht(q|, 
ff w  othpr  fi(b  h^ye,  tf  6  fip^  pp  Jiis  back ;  ti5?  i$ 
fo  ^old»  that  he  will  jnya^Vopeqf  h]s  own  l^ihd* 
which  the  Pik«  wil]  npV  do  (q  Y^'^^^'^sV*  ^^ 
you  may  thcfefoie eafily  b^llt^e  hiia^tp  b^^^^^ 
-  biter. 

The  Pcarch  is  of  great  eflbcCQii  in  Tial^p.  6ith 
jOJrovahduSy  and  efpbcially  tne'  leaft  are  ther;^ 
efteemed  a  dainty  diib.  4^^^  Cefner  prefers  th(^ 
fearch  and  Pike  above  the  Trout,  b?  apyfrefli- 
water  fiih ;  he  fays  the  Germans  have  this  pro* 
verb,  "  More  wpoUbmc  ih^n  i  Pwch  of  RUfie:*^ 
and- he  favs  (he  Riyer-Pearch  is  To  whcdibm^, 
^t  f^yficians  allow  hini  oo  be  eaten  ii^  wouiide4 
men,  or  by  men  in  ifcvers,  or  ky  women  ih 
cb  lid-bed. 

He  fpawns  but  once  a  year,  at)td  is  by  (>hvficiafij 
held  very  nutritive^' yet  t>y  inahy  to  be  hard  o\ 
digeftipn:  they  aHpd  ^"^'^  V  ^bp  riyer  P^ 
and  in  England^*  by s  RpudeUtmy  ttian  ptber 
jparts,  and  have  in  their  brain  a  ftpne  which  is  ia 
fbreign  parts  fold  by  apotheca|ries,*  being  tlKfp. 
noted  to  be  very  medicuial  aftainft  the  itonip  m 
the  reins :  jhefe  be  a  part  of  the  cof^menda4 
tiops  which  fome  philoiophiad  brains  have  be* 

^  wafpngrub  bolledt  or  a  aieen  wprixi  ^)iook  from  the  booirbs 

of  trees:"'  ■  .     '^^^^       '*      .  '       ^  •"       r      •    -»  s 

Ufe  u  ftxong  grafs,  or  gut,  and  a  goofe-qaill  flaat|  with- 
out a  cork,  except  in  rivm»  inhere  the  cork  !i  dwaVs  to 
be  p^fcferred:  ■  •    '     '"  '  ""    *  *•"    ',     "     '       .  '      '  " 

Fifl)  very  i^ear  thegronnd ;  apd  if  yott  bait  with  eentles, 
row  ill  a  few  at  the  takiiig  every  fiih ;  which  wul  < 


throw  ih  a  few  at  the  takihg  every  fiih ;  which  wul  draw 
theix)  to  your  hook,  aod  iteep  them  together* 

ftowed 


C!up.  XII.  STZtf  C0MF1.BTS  ANteiit.      199: 

(lowed  upot!  the  freih-WMer  Feittb,  y«t  ihtf 
commend  th^  Senl^enrcfai  wbkb  i^  knowh ^ 
iMiving  but  one  fin  on  im  teck,  dF  which  they 
fi^9  we  £^i^  ft*  but  a  £e#^  ctt  6fc  « tkuck 
better  BAt. 

'  The  Fedrck  gityw^  l<»w(y^  -yet  wil!  gtaw^  tA  f 
have  been  credibly  informed,  10  be  alnnoft  cwA 
feet  long  -,  for  an  honeft  iBformei*  udd  n1e»  fueh 
a  one  was  not  long  fince  taken  bjr  Sir  Abraham 
WiOiams^  a  gendeman  of  worth  and  a  brother 
of  the  angle,  that  yet  lives,  and  1  wifr  he  may : 
chis  was  a  deep-bocUed  fill,  and  doubtlefr  durft 
have  devoured  a  Pike  ci  half  his  own  leiigth : 
for  I  have  toid  jrou,  be  is  a  bold  fi(b,  fiich  a  one 
as^  l^t  for  extreoie  hunMr,  the  Pike  will  not 
devour ;  for  to  afliig^t  the  Pike  and  iave  himfel^ 
die  Pearch  will  fct  iip  his  fins,  much  like  as  a 
turkey- code  will  fomctimes  £;t  up  his  tait 

But,  my  feholar,  the  Peaich  is  not  only  valiant 
to  defend  himfelf,  but  he  is,  as  I  find,  a  bold* 
biting  fifli,  yet  he  will  not  bite  at  all  feafons  of 
the  year  ;  he  is  very  abftemious  in  winter,  yet 
will  bite  then  in  the  midft  of  the  day,  if  it  be 
warm :  and  note,  that  ail  fifli  bite  beS:  about 
die  ttyfdft  of  «  Wj#iii  citey  iai  wint^  \  and  be  hath 
fteeif  obfert eii  by  fom^s  ^ot  ufuaUy  to  bite  till' 
idsit  fiautty^r^y^tree  budsi  that  is  to  lay^  till  ex<> 
ttwS€  froftdi  tie  paift  the  fpriixg;  for  when  the 
mttUMity-tiw  blo£bm«^  many  gardners  obfervd 
Aieir  for «^afti  fnvit  to  be  paft  ehe  danger  of  f rdfts^ 
and  feme  have  made  the  like  obfervacioo  of  th0 
Pessrreh'i  biting^ 

Bm  bite  thePtisyrch  wiH,  Md  that  irery  boM- 

\j :  ind  as  one  has  wittily  obf^rved,  tf  there  btf 

PMxjkVf  or  forty  in  a  bote,  they  niay  be  at  ontf 

i  O  4  (landing 


ao»  fir  CoupiBTE  Angler.  Bart  I. 
ftandingall  catched  one  after  another  i  %h,ty  ber 
ing,  as  he  .fays^  tike  the  wicHed  of  thf;  wotid, 
not  afraid}  though  their  fellows  and  companioiui 
perifh  in -their  fight.  .And  you  may  otjfprvc, 
that  they  are  not  like  the  folitary  Pike,,  but  love; 
to  vcompany.OKf  janothcr,  and  march  together 
in  troops.  ;.  - 
.  And  the  baits  for  this  bold  fifli 


Pearchi 


arc  oot  many  ;  I  mean,  be  vill  bite  «s  well  at 
fome  or  at  any  of  thefe  three, .  as  at  any>  oi;  all 
others  whalfoever:  a  worm,  a.  minnow, -or  A 
little  frog,  of  which  you  may  find  many  in  hay- 
time  ;  and  of  worms,  the  dunghill-^iorm,  called  a 
brandling,  I  take  to  be  belt,  being  Well  fcoured 
in  mofs  or  fennel ;  or  he  will  bite  M  ^  worin  - 
that  lies  under  cow-dung,  with  a  blueifb  head> 
And  if  you  rov6  for  a  Pearch  with  a  minnow, 
then  it  is  beft  to  be  alive,  you  flicking  your  hook 
through  his  back-fioj  or  a  minnow  with  the 
...  hook. 


ChaptXII.  Tbe  Complete  Akgler.     2or 

hook  in  his  upper  lip,  and  letting  him  fwim  up 
wd  down  about  mid-water,  or  a  litUe  lower,  and 
you  ftill  keeping  him  to  about  that  depth  by  a 
^ork,  which  ought  not  to  be  a  very  little  one : 
and  the  like  way  you  are  to  filh  for  the  Pearch, 
with  a  fmaU  frog,  your  hook  being  faftened 
through  the  Ikin  of  his  leg,  towards  the  upper 
part  of  it :  and  laftly,  I  will  give  you  but  this 
advice,  that  you  give  the  Pearch  time  enough 
when  he  bites,  for  there  was  fcarce  ever  any 
angler  that  has  given  him  too  much.  And  now 
1  think  beft  to  re^l:  myfelf,  for  I  have  almoft 
jpent  my  fpirits  with  talking  fo  long. 

Fen.  Nay,  good  matter,  one  filh  more,  for 
you  fee  it  rains  ftilL,  and  you  know  our  angles 
arc  like  money  put  to  ufury  5  they  may  thrive, 
j^hough  we  (it. ftill  and  do  nothing  but  talk  and 
enjoy  one  another.  Come,  come,  the^  other  filh^ 
good  matter.  '    »^ 

Pffc.  But  fcholar,  have  you  nothing  to  mix 
with  this  difcourfe,  which  now  grows  both  tedt* 
ous  and  titefooie  ?  {hall  I  have  nothing  from  ypu« 
that  feem  to  have  both  a  ^ood  memory  and  a 
chearful  fpiqt  ?   ' 

Fen.  Yes,  njafter,  I  will  fpcak  you  a  copy  of 
yerfes  that  vf^rt  made  by  Dottor  Donne;  znd 
made  to  Ihew  the\ybrld  that  he  could  make  fbfc 
and  fmooth  verfes,  when  he  thought  fmoothnefi 
worth  his  labour  \  and  I  love  them  the  better, 
^ecaufe  they  allude  to  rivers,  and  filh  and  filhing« 
They  be  thcfe  : 

Come  live  with  me^  and  be  my  hve^  ^ 
jfni  we  will  feme  new  fleafures  prove^ 
'    •  Of 


Of  g^idiH/ands^  n^  €nfial  brcoks^ 
fViibJilken  Unes^  mijuvtr  hooks^ 

s 
k.  k  '  • 

«  ^hef€  4f>ill  the  river  wbtfp'ring  nm, 
[  fyamd  iy  $iy  ^^smort  than  tbefitn ; 

Jnd  ibere  tbe  enmnH'dJifif  wiUfiay^ 

Begging  tbemfihfs  they  m^  httraj^ 

When  tbim  wiU.filAm  In  ibat  Uve baibf 
Eacb^y  f»bich  ev^ry  cbanml  baib^ 
JAo^  aniroufy  id  tbtt  wiUJwim^ 
Cladder-io  cateb  tbed  ibM  Sbou  bim. 

Jf  tb&u^  td  hefoften^  ie^ft  hatb^ 
By  fun  $r  nmn^  tbim  daritnefi  botb^ 
And  if  mine  eye$  btroe  kerue  tofee^ 
I  wed  not  their  ligbt^  bofOir^  tbee. 

Let  Others  freeze  with  anglhtg  neJs^ 
y\Jni<ftt  their  legs  mtbpeUs  nndweeds^ 
.  Or  treaeVrouJfy  poor  fifl^  befet^ 

With  ]^r angling  fn^res^  ar^windouy  net. 

Ltf  eoarfe  hold  hands ^  from  flinty  neft^ 
\  ^be  keddedffh  in  hanks  omwre/i ;. 
>  Let  curious  traitors  Jkave  filk  flies^ 

^4f  ^ wit  eh  poor  wandring  fifijts  eyes. 

J*  or  tbee^  thou  needji  no  fucb  demt^ 
For  thou  ihyfelf  art  tbine  own  bait: 
iThatfiJh  that  is  not  catcht  therdy^ 
Is  wiferfar^  alasj  than  I. 

Pif    Well   rcmetpbered,    honeft  fcholar^  I 

thank  you  for  thcfc  choict  vcrfes,  which  I  have 

6  heard 


Ivearalfbrmfsriy,  but  bad  quite  forgot^  till  they 
Were  recoyerj^d'iyy.your  happy  m^oory.  Well, 
being  I  have  tl6v9  refted  myfelf  a  little,  I  will 
mAt  yoi(  fo^  vequitali  l^  tel|ifig  yon  ibm^ 
pbfenratioris  of  the  Eel,  lor  it  rai{is  ftiU^  and 
becaufe  as  ygti^  fay^  our  angles  are  as  money  put 
jto  ufe,  that  thrives  when  we  pl^y*  therefore  we'll 
fit  ftill  and  enjoy  ourf<^ves  ^  little  longer  under 
^ia  honeyfodiUfi^hedpe  \ 


I  < 


^  r  41|^g)i^ei^»  Hk^TroiiC*  ddtght  in  ekv.  fwift 

Eivmt  with  pcbbley  gravelly  JboflXMnt,  they  11:0.0601.1011114, 
t  fiiody  dal^^ey  foils  ;  t^ey  Ipve  a  moderately  deep  water* 
and  fre^tH^ht  holes  by  the  ^des  of,  or  near,  little  ftttaini» 
and  the  hcUowt  iiiider  banks. 

'  The  PeaccK^  4>^wj|f  al^^iK  Ac  begimiaf  of  Mmrth  :  di» 
beft  time  of  the  year  to  angle  ^r  hunt  is  from  the  bcgianiBC- 
of  M^  till  tluB  end  of  T^'*^*  y^t  yoa  may  continoe  to  fijC 
]^r  ham  tiYI  the  end  of  ^eptmbir ;  he  is  bdl  uken  in  cloudy 
windy  vceather,  and,  as  fbme'Aiy,  from  ftven  to  ten  uilM 
f^picAOon,  and  from  two  to  feven  ia  tho  al^cmooii.  .  «  "^ 
^  Other  baits  for  the  Pearc|i  are»  loacbjes»  miUer*t*thfllBbi» 
flicklebacks^  fmall  lob,  and  inarfli,  and  red-worma*  well. 
jRx>ared«  horfe- beans  boiled,  cad  Sl^it,  oak- worms,  bobs 
kndgemlef.  "  '   '        '     "^ 

*'  Many  of  thcfe  fi(h  are  uken  in  the  njpt%  abont  Oxfirdi 
and  the  author  of  ^be  AngUt^j /ure  Guide  fays,  he  once  iaw. 
ithe  fig.ni'fe  of  a  Pe'ardh  drawn  with  a  pencil  on  the  door  of  a 
hoafe  n^r  that  city,  which  was  twenty-nine  inches  long, 
and  wa^  iaifbrmed  it  was  the  true  dimehfion  of  a  li?ing 
Pearch;  '^/.  V#  GW#.  155. ' 

^  The  largift  rearcli^  are  taken  with  a  minnow,  booke4 
with  a  good  hold  through  the  back-fin,  or  rather  through 
tba  npper-lip;  fbl*  the  rearch,  by  reafoii  of  the  fignr^  of 
his  mouth,  cahnot  take  the  bait  cro(i- wife,  as  the  Pike  will : 
When  yoa  £ih  thoit  afe  a  Ui'ge  cork^float,  and  lead  your 
line  aoout  nine  inches  from  the  bottom^  otherwife  the  min* 
how  will  com^  to  the  top  of  the  water.  But.  in  the  ordi^^ 
Jiary  way  of  fiChing,  Itt  your  bait  hang  within  about  fix 
inches  from  thti  ground*  ^ 

CHAP. 


is04     "  Tl&^CoMPlETE^  Angler.    PartX 


pBJer*balidHs  of  the  '^'e^uimd  vt'beir  fjirfbat 
'^'~  -wani/cakst-andboie^toMfor  tbio^,'. 

liv    -      •.      /„j  ■"•■  ■>  '•■••    ■  ''•     •■   ••-■■••■  -'* 

,         PlSCA.TO*-.  ,  . 

IT  IS  agreed  by  moA  tiitrr^khzt- At  Eel  is  a 
mod  dainty  fifh  ;  the  Romans  have  efteemed 
ri 'tier  the ififi^M  of  their  fczd'Si  ^nctlbtfc^tW 
<fcieeh  tof  pa^ate-pleaftire.  But  moft  men  differ'- 
^bout  tbeiV  breeding  :  fome  fay.^ey  ji^rctd  by 
generation  as  other'  iifh  do,  and  others,  chat 
ttey.  breed,  ts  fome  worms  do,-  of  mud ;  as 
Ats  sAd  nrice,  and  rnany  other  living  creatures 
^e  bred  in  Egypif  by  the  fun's  heat,  when  ic 
i^ifie^  4lpop  the  overflowing  of  the  river  Niius : 
or  out  of  the  putrcfa&ion  of  the  earth,  and 
<}tvW*  other  Ways:  •  Thofe  that  deny  them  to 
Hr^td  by  feneration  as  other  fiih  do,  aik,  if  any 
man  ever  faw  an  Eel  to  have  a  fpawn  or  mek  ? 
aik)  they  are  anfwered,  that  they  may  be  as  cer- 
Utin  of  their  breeding  as  if  they  had  ten  (pawn : 
ft>r:tttey  jay,  that  they  are  certain  that  Eels  have 
air  parts  6t  for  generation,  like  other  fifh  *,  buc 
l6  fmall  as  not  to  be  eafily  difccrned,  by  reafon 
of  their  fatneis ;'  but  that  difcerned  they  may,be, 
a(id  that  the  he  and  the  fbe-Eel  qiay  be  diftin- 
guifhed  by  their  fins«  And  Rondektius  fays,  he 
has  feen  Eels  cling- together  like  dew-worms. 

'*  That  fi (hes  arc  furnifhed  with  parts  fit  for  generarioa 
camnot  be  doubted,  fince  it  is1a  common  praAice  to  cailrate 
them..  Sec  the  method  of  doing  it  In  Phih/.  TranJ.  Vol. 
XLVIll.  Part  II.  for  the  year  173-^.  Psgc  870. 

An4 


:  And  Qthcn  fay,  ithat  Eels  grbwing  old,  breed 
other  Hicls  out  of  tbie  corn^tioii  o?  their  own 
age,  whH:h  Sir  Francis  Bac»n  fays,  'exceeds  noe 
•tto  yeara.  i^ind- others  fay,  that  as  peaib  are 
^made  of  glutiriotKs  dew-drops,  which  a^  coiv 
,clq>^  ^]theAii\Vh«ac  in  thole  countries,  fo  gels 
aif:  bt^d  jof.-i-ft  |>artik:ulaff  !dcw  falling  in.  the 
-mODihs  of  M^QiT  Jane  on .  the-  banks  of  fome 
paf  ticulj>,T  ponds  V  rtveFs,  adapted  by,na£ure  for 
that  end,  which  in  a'  few  days  are  by  the  fun'k 
j^^  );urae4  ifltaEflls ;  aod  ibnc  of  the  ancients 
^ye  called  tjie  Eels-that  are  tbua  brcd^  the  oS 
fpiing  of  Jim-  I  have  ieen  in  the  beginning  of 
^/(^,  ifl^^-Fiyrr  not  far  iTom.Canttrhej,  fomc 
|urtt  of  ;ic.covercd  ovcf  with  young  £eb.'»bout 
chC'thick-Bcft  af.a  ftrawi  and  tbefe £elftidid  lie 
on  the  top  of  :tliat  watcr>  as  thick  as  jonotes  are 
iaid  toibc  IB  the  fun:  and  I  have  hfcarUiche like 
j9f,  9|:^r  rivers,  as  natndy  the  ^nwrff,  wheie  they 
>  fu-e  cal)^,yelvers,  -and  in  ft  pond -6ii  mere  near 
}SBi<^t4^or4Jb^re,  where  abo&ofetitimeinfum* 
roer,  fuch  fmaU  Eets.  abound  lb  much,  that 
^T^ny  of  the  poorer  fort  of  .people  that  inhabit 
near  to  it,  take  fuch  Eels  out  of  cbis  mere  with 
(i^yes  or  j|ytec>>;aj»dfnake  a-kindof  Eel^cake.of 
it^piT^  an)d^?at>,tt  ■  like.  8:e  bread.  AaA  Gefnat 
9f  9B1^  v<nei^^){  Be^  *  (0  hy-,  diat  miSt^laid 
there  is,«9iQflF^<$»tlFd  £^,  .-by.r^fbn  ctf  tbdii» 

*  Tbenioft  univeir>l  fchQl^rof  his  time;,  he  wi*b«ni 
and  brefTyiiaer  St.  Jthitoi Btvtrlf. 
iliaj  tijc  firU. invited  Ifan  tolfiiJiw; 
ever  UlrK^but  ef  bicceU.  tie  wu 
',  ud  reiDar^ble.fof  a  moft  {Wee£ 
!.n  :  h«  died  iii  7st>  a>i<Uie4  btine4|^ 
[nake"elgtit  valamei  in  fofio.'  Se& 
Ui  lift  in  the  Shgr.  Bnla«n. 

numerable 


ao6       ?&  CowpitTt  i|i/^iEiti -"^^PiWl* 

numerable  number  of  Eels  that  breed  itt  k.  -  But 
that  Eeis  may  be  bred  as  feme  worms,  and  fome 
khid  of  bees  and  wafps  are;  eilberc^  dew,  or 
out  of  the  corruption  of  the  eai<i)H  fe#Ms  to' be 
oaadc  probable  bjrthe  bamacsks  aM  ^oung  gos- 
lings bred  by  the  fun*s  beat^  add'tbe^foctifh 
planks  of  an:  okl  fliip,  and  hatched  bf  tree^^ 
both  vhtch  are  relatra  far  tnitbi  by^  iBHtrids 
and  Loid^  and  alfo  by  our  laamed^iiM^^'md 
laborious  Gerhard  in  his  HtrM.  t 

It  »  faid  by  Randd^ms^  that  thbfe  Eels  iStait 
ace  bred  in  rivers  tba  rdafte  fo^  or  be  AMref'f6 
the  fea,  oever  it  turn  to  the  fitefh  wateri^y  as '11^ 
Salnaon  ckies  always  defire  td  do,  'wbdn^hey  hj^ 
once  tafted  the  >iak  water  ^  and  I  do  the  mote 
eafily  'believe  tfais^  becMfe  I  am  ci^iiin;^  ^fat 
powdered  beef  isa  OKiil:  ei0celtent  bait  to  cateh(aili 
Eel:  and  though  ^xr  Fronds  B«foti^^}X  kl^ 
the  Eel's  life  t&  be  but  teft  ytar$^  yet  hHy  m  hit 
biftory  of:  Kfe^and  deaths  mentions  a  Lamt>?ey 
bekmging  td  the  Rctnan  anperoF  to  be  tAMt 
came,  aiid  fo  kept  for  almoft  threcfeore  years  i 
and  that  fiscb  ufeful  and  pteafiuit  obfervationi 
were  made  «!  this  Lamprey,  diat  Oaffiutht 
prater,  wfan  kent  her«  hMnenicd  her  <fesftR.    And 

we  read  tti^odtor  A'^/bm^A  ^iHcti^fim  W^ 
ieen  tovweep^  ar  the  death  of  a  Liifttptsa  ta&^ 
had  kept  long,  and  loved  extie<idihj|if^. 

^  Tbe  sQtbor,  page  1 37»  htt  ctwd  IMbl  P/Sr«^  aa  inflM^r 

which  the  tendern^fs  of  her  ttx  might  perhapi  es^trife^st 
the  fagsact  ty  aiid  docfbleiicft  of  tliefe  creatures  f<^nK^fs^iiitt*r 
detAr],  thait  tbe  Weaktic&  of  fach  tneaas  CrMg^utnnitMkMt 
/ms^  ia  bccontinj^  lAoiirflfn  f^  the  ^e^b  QHiii  SvU  . 

•    4 

It 


Chap.  XIIL  Th  CoHrtETS  Angler.    2oy 

It  i&  granted  bf  alU  or  moft  tnen,  that  Ec)s^ 
ixr  about  fix  tnontha^  that  is  ta  £17,  the  fix  cold 
IDOnths  of  tbc  year,  ^r  not  up  and  down,  neither 
in  the  nvers,  nor  in  the  p€>ols  io  which  thev 
ufiialljr  aiCy  but  gee  into  the  foft  earth  or  mud^ 
aod  tlKce  mafty  of  diem  together  bed  themfelve^^ 
and  live  without  feecfoig  upon  any  tbinj^,  as  I 
kanrs  tobi  you  (bme  {WaHoiwa  have  been  obferved 
to  do  in  hollow  trees  for  thefe  fix  cold  months  t 
and  this  the  Eel  and  fwallow  do,  as  not  being 
able  130  endure  wmter- weather :  for  Gefrnif  quotes 
Attfcrms  to&y,  that  in  the  year  1 125,  that  year's 
wtnter  being  more  cold  than  ufual,  Eek  did  by 
nttwe'a  mftindt  get  QUt  of  the  water  intoa Hack 
of  bay  ta  a  meadow  upon  dry  ground,  and  there 
l^odded  riiemfelves^  but  yet  at  kft  a  ftoft  ktl^d 
^em*  And  Que  Cswuht  reiaaes,  that  in  LaiMl 
fiam^  filhes  were  digg'd  out  of  the  earth  with 
foadcs^  where  no  water  was  near  to  the  place,  I 
&att  £qr  liale  more  of  the  Eel,  but  that,  las-it  is 
obferved  he  is  impatient  of  cold,  fo  it  hath  been 
f>h(brved,.  that  in  wami  weather  an  Eel  \M  been 
known  to  live  five  days  out  of  the  water. 

And  laiUy,  let  me  tdl  you,  that  Tome  ouriooa 
leaf ckers  imo  die  natures  of  fifli,  oMerye  that 
them  be  feveval  forts  or  kinds  oiF  Eefe^  as  the 
filiRer  Eely  and  green  or  greetiifli  Eel^  widv  which 
ike  river  of  f'iwjnff  abounds,  and  tboie  are 
called  grigs ;  and  a  btackifh  Eel,  whoiV  head  is 
moie  fiat  and  Ugger  than  ordinary  Eels  \  and 
sdfe  an  Eel  wkofis  fins  are  reddifh,  and  but  fel* 
dom  taken  ift  diis  nation,  and  yet  taken  fome* 
ttm^;  thefe  feveral  kinds  of  Eels  are^  fay  fome^ 
diverily  bred,  as  namely,  oat  of  the  corruption 
of  the  earth,  and  fome  bydcw>  and  other  ways, 

as 


4o8        The  Complete  A^cler.      PartTi* 

as  I  have  faid  to  you  :  and  yet  it  is  affirmed  by 
fomc  for  certain,  that  vhc  filler  Eel  is  bred  by 
generation,  but  not  by  fpawning  as  other  fi(h  do^ 
but  that  her  brood  conie  alive  from  her,  being 
then  little  live  Eels  no  bigger  nor  longer  than 
a  pin^  and  I  have  had  too  many  teftimooies  of 
this,  to  doubt  the  truth  of  it  myfelf ;  and  if  I 
thought  it  needful  I  might  prove  it,  but  I  think 
it  is  needlefs. 

And  this  Eel,  of  which  I  have  faid  fo  much  to 
you,  may  be  caught  with  divers  kinds  of  baits : 
as  namely  with  powdered  beef,  with  a  lob  or 
garden- worm,  with  a  minnow,  orgutofahen^ 
chicken,  or  the  guts  of  any  fiib,  or  with  almoft 
any  thing,  for  he  is  a  greedy  fifh :  but  the  Eel 
may  be  caught  efpecially  with  a  little,  a  very 
Uictle  lamprey,  which  fom'e  call  a  pride,  and  may 
in. the  hot  months  be  found  many  of  them  in 
the  river  Thames^  and  in  many  mud- heaps  in 
other  rivers^  yea,  aloiofk  as  ufually  as  one  finds 
worms  in  a  dunghiil. 

Next  note,  thac  the  Eel  feldom  ftirs  in  the  day^ 
but  then  hides  himfelf,  and  therefore  he  is  ufu* 
ally  caught  by  night,  with  one  of  thefe  baits  of 
which  I  have  fpoken,  and  may  be  chea  caught  by 
laying  hooks,  which  you  are  tofaften  co  the  bank 
or  twigs  of  a  tree ;  or  by  throwing  a  ftring  cr6(s 
the  ftream  with  many  hooks  at  it,  and  thole 
baited  with  the  afprefaid  baits,  and  a  clod,  of 
plummet,  or  done,  thrown  into  the  river  with 
this  line,  that  fo  you  may  in  the  morning  find  it 
n^ar  to  fome  fixt  place,  and  thenc  nke  it  up  with 
^  drag^hook  or  otiierwife  Vs  but  rh^fe  things  art 
indeed  too  common  to  be  fpoken  of,  and  an 
hovJr*s  fi(bing  with  any  angler  will  teach  yotj  bet)- 

-  ter. 


OHap;XIli.  ^be  Complets  Angi.br.  aoj^ 

ter,  both  forthefe  and  many  other  common  things 
in  the  practical  part  of  angling,  than  a  week'sl 
difcourfc.  I  (hall  therefore  conclude  this  direc- 
tion for  taking  the  Eel,  by  telling  you,  that  iri 
a  warm  day  in  fummer,  t  have  taken  many  sL 
good  Eel  by  fnigling,  and  have  been  much 
pleafed  with  that  fport. 

And  becaufe  you  that  ^re  but  a  young  angler^ 
know  not  what  fnigling  is,  I  will  now  teach  it  to 
you.  You  remember  I  told  you  that  Eeb  do  not 
ufually  ftir  in  the  day-time,  for  then  they  hide 
themfelves  under  fome  covert,  or  under  boards 
or  planks  about  flood-gated,  or  wears,  or  mills^^  or 
in  holes  in  the  river  banks ;  fp  that  you  obferving 
your  time  in  a  warm  day,  when  thb  water  is 
lowed,  may  take  a  ftrong  fmall  hook  tied  to  a 
ftrong  line,  or  to  a  firing  about  a  yard  long,  and 
then  into  one  of  thefe  holes,  or  between  any 
boards  about  a  mill,  or  under  any  great  (tone  or 
plank,  or  any  place  where  you  think  an  Eel 
,  may  hide  or  flicker  herfelf,  you  may,  with  the 
help  of  a  Ihort  (lick  put  in  your  bait,  but  lei- 
furely,  and  as  far  as  you  may  conveniently :  and 
it  is  fcarce  to  be  doubted,  but  that  if  there  be  an 
Eel  within  the  fight  of  it,  the  Eel  will  bite  in^ 
ftahtly,  and  as  certainly  gorge  it :  and  you  need 
not  doubt  to  have  him,  if  you  pull  him  not  out 
of  the  hole  too  quickly,  but  pull  him  out  by 
degrees,  for  he  lying  folded  double  in  his  hole, 
will  with  the  hetp'of  his  tail  break  all,  unlefs  you 
give  him  time  to  be  wearied  with  pulling,  and  fq 
get  him  out  by  degrees,  not  pulling  too  hard^ 

And  to  commute  for  your  patient  hearing  this 
long  dire<5^ion,  J  fliall  next  t^ll  you  how  to  maktf 
ibis 

P  Eel 


aio       r5«CoM»HTi  Awgler;    Fant 


a  moft  excellent  di(B  of  m«air. 

Firft,  wafh  him  in  water  and  fait,  tRen  pull 
off  his  fkin  below  his  vent  or  navel,  and  noB 
much  further :  having  done  that,  take  out  hi» 
guts  as  clean  as  you  can,  but  wafh  him  not:  then 
give  him  three  or  four  fcotches  with  a  knife,  and 
then  put  into  hiB  belly  and  thofe  fcotcbes,  fweee 
herbs,  an  anchovy,  and  a  little  nutmeg  grated^ 
er  cut  very  fmall,  and  your  herbs  and  anchovies 
mufi:  alfo  be  cut  very  fmal),  and  mixt  with  good 
butter  and  fait ;  having  done  this,  then  pull  bis 
fkin  over  him  all  but  his  head,  which  you  are  to 
cut  off,  to  the  end  yoii  may  tic  his  fkin  aboue 
that  part  where  his  head  grew,  arid  it  muft  be  fo. 
tied  as  to  keep  all  his  moilture  within  his  Ikin  t 
and  having  done  this,  tie  him  with  tape  or  pack- 
thread to  a  fpit,  and  roaft  him  leifurely,  and  bade 
him  with  water  and  fall  till  his  fkin  breaks,  and 
then  with  butter:  and  having  roaftcdhimcnough, 
let 


^ 


I 

Chap.Xlll.  Ti&^CoMPLETl   AN6t£R;    2U 

let  what  was  put  into  his  belly,  and  what,  he 
drips,  be  his  fauce«  ; 

S.  F. 

When  1  go  to  drefs  af»  Eel  thus,  I  wifli  he 
were  as  long  and  big  as  that  which  was  caught 
in  PA^borough  river,/ in  the  year  1667,'  which 
was  fli  yard  and-  th^Wtjuarters  long.  If  you  will 
n6tl>«SSve  me,  then  go  drid  fee  at  one  of  the 
cofFee-houfes  in  Kingjlreet  in  Wefiminjier. 

Butoiow  let  me  tell  you,  that  chough  the  Eel 
thus  dreflf  be  not  only  excellent  good,  but  more 
harmlefs  than  any, other  Way,  yet  it  is  certain, 
that  phyiicians  account  the  Eel  dangerous  meat  1 
I  will  advife  you  therefor^,  as  Solomon  fays  of 
honey,  Prov,  xxv.  "Haft  thou  found  it,  eat  no 
"  more  than  isfufEcient,  left  thoufurfeit,  for  it 
**  is  not  good  to  eat  much  honey."  And  let 
me  add  this,  that  the  uncharitable  Italian  bids 
us  *'  give  Eels,  and  no  wine  to  our  enemies/* 

And  I  will  beg  a  little  more  of  your  attention 
to  tell  you,  th^iAldrovandus  and  divers  phyficians 
commend  the  Eel  very  much  for  medicine, 
though  not  for  meat.  But  let  me  tell  you  one 
obfervation,  that  the  Eel  is  never  out  of  feafon, 
as  Trouts,  and  moft  other  filhes  are  at  fet  times^ 
at  leait  moft  Eels  are  not  *. 

I 

*  The  haunts  of  the  Eel  are  weeds*  under  roots,  flump» 
of  trees,  holes,  and  clefts  of  the  earth,  both  in,  the  banktf 
and  at  the  bottom,  and  in  the  plain  mud  ;  wher^  they  H^ 
with  only  their  heads  out,  watching/or  prey.  They  are  alfo 
found  under  great  flones,  old  timber,  about  flood-gates, 
wears,  bridges,  and  old  mills  ;  they  delight  in  ftill  waters, 
and  in  thofe  that  are  foul  and  muddy  3  though  the  fmaUer 
£eU  are  10  be  met  with  in  all  forts  of  rivers  and  foils. 

P  a  Although 


2it        Ti^^  Complete  Angler.    PartR 

.  I  might  here  fpeak  of  many  other  fi(h  wbofe 
fliape  and  nature  are  much  like  the  Eel,  and 
frequent  both  the  fea.and  frefti  rivers  •,  as  namely 
the  Lamprel,  the  Lamprey,  and  the  Lampernc : 

as 


v*fc 


AlthoQgh  the  manner  in  which  Eels,  and  indeed  all  filhi  are 
generated  is  fufiiciently  fettled,  as  appears  by  the  fotegoing 
notes,  there  yet  remains  a  queftion  undecided  by  nataralifis. 
atid  that  18,  Whether  theEel  be  a  oviparous  or  a  vi'uiparoui 
liQi  ?  JFaltofi  inclines  to  the  latter  opinion*  The  following 
rtlationfrom  Bowlkertnay  go  near  to  determine  the  queflion. 
*  *  Being  acquainted  with  an  elderly  woman,  who  had  been 
wife  to  a  miller  near  fifty  years,  and  much  employed  ia 
dreiiing  of  Eels,  I  afked  her  whether  flie  had  ever  found 
any  fpawn  or  eggs  in  thofe  Eels  flie  opened  ?  (he  faid,  ihe 
never  had  obferved  any ;  but  thatihe  had  fometimes  found 
living  Eels  in  them,  about  the  bignefs  of  a  fmall  needle  ; 
and  particularly,  that  ihe  once  took  out  ten  or  twelve,  ana 
put  them  upon  the  table,  and  found  them  to  be  alive  ;  " 
which  was  confirmed  to  me  by  the  reft  of  the  family.  The 
time  of  the  year  when  this  happened  was,  as  they  inform-p 
ed  me,  about  a  fortnight  or  three  weeks  after  Mickoil'^ 
which  makes  me  of  opinion  that  they  go  down  to 


mas 


the  fea,  or  f^lt- water,  to  prepare  themfelves  for  the  work 
of  propagating  and  producing  their  young.  To  this  I 
mull  add  another  obfirryation  of  the  fame  nature,  that  was 
made  by  a  gentleman  of  fortune  not  far  from  Ludlow^ 
and  in  the  commiilion  of  tlie  peace  for  the  county  of  Sa^- 
/o^rwho,  going  to  vifit  a  gentleman,  his  friend,  was 
(hewn  avery  fine  large  Eel,  that  was  going  to  be  dreflfedy 
about  whofe  (ides  and  belly  he  obferved  a  parcel  of  little 
creeping  things,  which  at  firll  made  him  fufped  it  had 
been  kept  too  long  ;  but,  upon  nearer  infpe^on,  they 
were  found  to  be  perfedt  little  Eels,  or  Elvers.  Upon 
this  it  was  immediately  opened  in  the  fight  of  feveral 
other  Gentlemen,  and,  in  the  belly  of  it,  they  found  a 
lump  about  as  big  as  a  nutmeg;  confiding  of  an  infinite 
nUmberof  thofe  litcte  creatures,  clofely  wrapped  up  toge- 
ther ;  which,  being  put  into  a  bafon  of  water,  foon  fepa- 
rated,  and  fwam  about  the  bafon .  This  he  has  often  told 
to  "feveral  Gentlemen  of  credit  in  his  neighbourhood, 

*^  fromt 


Chap.  XI 11.  The  Complete  Angler,  ttg 

as  alfpof  the  mighty  Conger,  taken  often  in  the 
Severn  about  Gloucefter ;  and  might  alfo  tell,  in 
what  high  cftcem  many  of  them  are  for  the  cq- 
riofity  of  their  tafte  \  but  thcfe  are  not  fo  proper 

* 

•*  from  fomc  of  whom  I  firft  received  this  account ;  but  I 
**  have  lately  had  the  fatsfa^tion  of  having  it  from  his  own 
"  mouthi  and  therefore  I  think  this  may  ferve  to  pat  the 
/*  matter  out  of  all  doubt,  and  may  be  fufficient  to  prove 
'*  that  Eels  are  of  the  viviparous  kind.'' 

Taking  it  for  granted  then  that  Eels  do  not  fpawn,  all 
we  have  to  fay  in  this  place  is,  that  though,  as  our  autlior 
tells  us,  they  are  never  out  of  feafon,  yet,  as  fome  fay,  they 
are  bell  in  winter,  and  worft  in  May  :  and  it  is  to  be  noted 
of  Eels,  that  the  longer  they  live  the  better  they  are.  Jn^L 
fure  Guide.  164. 

Of  baits  for  the  Eel,  the  beil  are  lob-werms,  loach, 
minnows,  fmall  pope  or  pearch  with  the  fins  cut  off,  pieces 
of  any  fifli,  cfpecially  bleak,  as  being  very  lucid,  with 
which  I  have  taken  vtry  large  ones. 

As  the  angling  for  Eds  is  no  very  pleafant  amufement, 
and  is  ajway  attended  with  great  trouble  and  tis^e  rifque  of 
tackle,  many,  while  they  angle  for  other  fifii,  lay  lines  for 
the  Eel,  which  they  tie  to  weeds,  flags,  l^c,  with  marks  to 
find  them  by ;  or  you  may  take  a  long  packthread  line,  with 
a  leaden  weight  at  the  end,  and  hooks  looped  on  at  a  yard 
diftance  from  each  other :  faften  one  end  to  the  flags,  or  on 
the  ihore,  and  throw  the  lead  out,  and  let  the  line  lie  fome 
time;  and  in  this  way  you  may  probably  take  a  Pike. 

The  river  Kennet  in  Berk/hire^  the  Siour  in  Dorfetjhlre^ 
Irk  in  Lancajhirei  and  Ankbam  in  Lincoln/hire t  are  famed 
for  producing  excellent  Eels ;  the  latter  to  io  great  a  de- 
gree, as  to  give  rife  to  the  following  proverbial  rhyme  } 

Ankham  Eel,  i^WWitham  Pikep 
In  all  England  is  uonejike* 

But  It  is  faid  there  are  no  Eels  fuperior  in  goodnefs  to 
thofe  taken  in  the  head  of  the  Neiv  Hi  ver  Xitar  IJlinzton ;  an4 
I  myfelf  have  feen  Eels  caught  there  with  a  rod  and  line, 
of  a  very  large  fi^«. 

Eels,  contrary  to  all  other  fifli,  never  fwim  up,  bn|p 
always  down  the  flream. 

P  3  to 


^14         7*i&^  Complete  Ancler/    Parti. 

to  be  talked  of  by  roe,  bccaufe  they  make  us 
anglers  no  fporc,  therefore  I  will  let  them  alone 
as  the  Jews  do,  to  whom  they  are  forbidden  by 
their  law. 

And,  fcholar,  there  is  alfo  a  Flounder,  a  fea- 
filh,  which  will  wander  very  far  into  frelh  rivers^ 
and  there  lofe  himfclf,  and  dwell  and  thrive  to  a 
hand's  breadth,  and  almofl:  twice  fo  long;  a  fi(h 
without  fcales,  and  moft  excellent  meat,  and  a 
fiOi  that  affords  much  fport  to  the  angler  with 
any  fmall  worm,  but  efpecially  a  little  blueifh 
worm,  gotten  out  of  mar(h-ground  or  meadows, 
which  fhould  be  well  fcoured  *•,  but  this,  though 
tt  be  moft  excellent  meat,  yet  it  wants  fcales,  and 
is,  as  I  told  you,  therefore  an  abomination  to  the 
'Jews. 

But  fcholar,  there  is  a  fifli  that  they  in  Lan- 
caJhire'hosL^  very  much  of,  called  a  Char,  taken 
there,  and  I  think  there  only,  in  a  mere  called 
ff^imnder^Mere ;  a  mere,  fays  Camden,  that  is  the 
largeft  in  this  nation,  being  ten  miles  in  length, 
and  fome  fay  as  fmooth  in  the  bottom  as  if  ic 
were  paved  with  poliflied  marble:  this  fi(h  never 
exceeds  fifteen  or  fixteen  inches  in  length,  and 
'tis  fpotted  like  a  Trout,  and  has  fcarce  a  bone 

•  The  taking  Flounders  with  a  rod  and  line,  is  a  thing  fo 
accidental,  that  it  is  hardly  worth  the  mention.  The  fame 
may  be  faid  of  Smelts ;  which,  in  the  Thames,  and  other 
great  rivers,  are  caught  with  a  bit  of  any  /mall  fiih,  but 
chiefly  of  their  own  fpecies.  In  the  month  o{  Auguft^  be- 
tween thirty  and  forty  years  ago,  fuch  vaft  quantities  of. 
iinelts  came  up  the  Thames^  that  women,  and  even  chil- 
dren, became  anglers  for  them  ;  and,  as  I  have  been  told 
by  perfons  who  well  remember  it,  in  one  day,  between  Z««- 
4^n-bridge  and  Greeiim:ich,  not  fewer  than  two  thoufand 
i)erfons  were  thus  employ'd. 

I  but 


Chap. XIV.  Tife  CoMPXETE  Angler,  atg 

but  on  the  back :  but  this,  though  I  do  not 
Icnow  whether  it  make  the  angler  fport^  yet  I 
^ould  have  you  take  notice  of  it,  becaufe  it  is  a 
-rarity,  and  of  fo  high  efteecn  with  perfons  of 
^reat  note. 

Nor  would  I  have  you  ignorant  of  a  rare  fifh 
called  a  Guiniad,  of  which  I  (hall  tell  you  what 
^amdtn  and  others  fpeak.  The  river  D^,  which 
Tuns  hy  Cbefler J  fprings  in  Merionethjhire^  and 
ras  it  runs  toward  G&^^  it  runs  through  PembU^ 
Mere  J  which  is  a  large  water:  and  it  is  obfcrved, 
that  though  the  river  Dee  abounds  with  Salmon, 
«nd  Pembk  Mere  with  the  Guiniad,  yet  there  is 
4)ever  any  Salmon  caught  in  the  mere,  nor  a 
<Ouiniad  in  the  river.  And  now  my  next  obfer- 
vatioa  .0iaUi  be  of  the  Barbel. 


CHAP.    XIV. 

Oyeroathns  of  the  B  a  R  b  e  i ,  wkb  Di* 
re£Hons  bow  tofijhfor  him. 

Pi  sc  Aa:oiu 

TH  E  Barbel  is  fo  called,  fays  Gefnerj  by 
reafon  of  his  barb  or  wattles  at  his  mouth, 
which  are  under  his  nofe  or  chaps.  He 
is  one  of  thofe  leather-mouthed  fifties  that  I  told 
you  o£^  that  does  very  feldom  break  his  hold  if 
•he  be  once  hooked :  but  he  isfo  ftrong,  that  he 
^will  often  break  both  rod  and  ilne^  if  he  proves 
to  be  a  big  one. 

P  4  ^      But 


2i6        The  CoMPLBTE  Angler.     Part  I, 

But  the  Barbel,  thpugh-he  be  of  a  fine  ihape 
and  looks  big,  yet  he  is  noc  accounted  the  beft 
fifh  to  eat,  neither  for  his  wholfomenefs  nor  his^ 
tafte :  but  the  male  is  reputed  much  better  than 
ithe  female,  whofe  fpawn  is  very  hurtful,  as  I 
will  prefently  declare  to  you. 

1  hey  flock  together  like  fheep,  and  are  ^t 
the  worft  in  y^r/7,  about  which  time  they  fpawn, 
but  quickly  grow  to  be  in  feafon.     He  is  able  to 
live  in  the  ftrorigeft  fwifts  of  the  water,  and  ia  • 
*   fummer  they  love  fhe  Ihallowcft  and  fharpefb 
dreams ;  and  love  to  lufk  under  weeds,  and  to 
feed  on  gravel  againft  a  rifing  ground,  and  will 
root  and  dig  in  the  fands  with  nis  nofe  like  a  hog^ 
and  there  neftshimfelf:  yetfometimes  he  retires 
to  deep  and  fwift  bridges,  or  flood-gates,  or 
wears,  where  he  will  nefthimfelf^mongft  piles, 
or  ii)  hollow  places,  add  take  fach'hold  of  mpls 
or  weeds,  that  be  the  water  never  fo  fwift,"  it  \^ 
not  able  to  force  him  from  the  place  that  he  con- 
tends for.  •  This  is  his  conftanc  €wftom  in  toi- 
ihcr,  ^hen  he  and   moft  living  crejiiurSs^^ 
themfetve^  in  th^e  fan  \  but  at  the  j|pp|g|L0  of 
winter,  then  he  fbrfakes  the  fwift llreams^a^nd 
ihallow  waters,  and  by  degrees  retires  to  thofe 
parts  of  the  river  that  are  quiet  and  deeper ;  in 
which  places,  and  I  think  about  that  time,  he 
fpawns,  and  as  1  have  formerly  told  you,  witli 
the  help  of  the  melter,  hides  his  fpawn  or  eggs 
in  holes,  which  they  both  dig  in  the  gravel,  and 
then  they  mutually  labour  to  cover  it  with  the 
fame  fand,  to  prevent  it  from  being  deyourecj 
jby  other  fifli. 

There  be  fuch  fl:ore  of  this  fifli  in  the  river 
^anuk^  that  Ronddctius  fays,  they  n^ay  in  fome 

places 


Chap.  XIV.  The  Complete  Angler."  aiy 
places  of  it,  and  in  fome  months  of  the  year,  be 
taken  by  thofe  that  dwell  near  to  the  river,  with 
(heir  hands,  eight  or  ten  load  at  a  time ;  he  fays, 
they  begin  to  be  good  in  May,  and  that  they 
ceafe  to  be  fo  in  Auguft;  but  it  is  found  to  be 
otherwifc  in  this  nation :  but  thus  far  we  agree 
with  him,  that  the  fpawn  of  a  Barbel,  if  it  be 
not  poifon,  as  he  fays,  yet  that  it  is  dangerous 
meat,  and  efpecially  in  the  month  of  May ;  which 
is  fo  certain,  that  Gefner  and  Gqfius  declare,  it 
had  an  ill  cfitdt  upon  them,  even  to  the  en- 
jJangering  of  their  lives  *. 

Thisfifh  is  of  a  fine  caft  and  handfome  fliap9, 
jvith  fmalt  fcales,  which  are  placed  after  a  moft 
ptfi^  and  curious  manner^ 

B  AR.B  E  L 


find 

^  Thoagh  the  fpawn  of  tte  Barbel  ii  known  to  be  of  a 

poironous  nature,  yet  it  is  often  taketi  by  country  people 

taiedicinall)' ;  who  find  it,  at  once,  a  moll  powerful  emetic 

and  cathartic.    And,  notwithUanding  what  is  faid  of  the 

whol- 


ii8         INCOMPLETE  Angler.    Partly 

and  as  I  told  you,  may  be  rather  faid  not  to  be 
ill,  than  to  be  good  meat ;  the  Chub  and  he 
have,  I  think,  both  lofl:  part  of  their  credit  by 
ill  cookery,  they  being  reputed  the  worft  or 
coarfeft  of  fre(h-water£fli :  but  the  Barbel  affords 
W  angler  choice  fport,  being  a  lufty  and  a  cun- 
ning fifh ;  fo  lufty  and  cunning  as  to  endanger 
che  breaking  of  the  angler's  line,  by  running 
his  head  forcibly  towards  any  covert,  or  hole,  or 
bank ;  and  then  ftriking  at  the  line,  to  break  it 
off  with  his  tail,  as  is  oblerved  by  Plutarch^  in 
his  book  De  indujlria  animalium\  and  alfo  fo  cun- 
ning to  nibble  and  fuck  off  your  worm  clofe  to 
|he  hook,  and  yet  avoid  the  letting  the  hook 
come  into  his  mouth. 

The  Barbel  is  alfo  curious  for  his  baits,  that 
is  to  fay,  that  they  be  clean  and  fweet ;  and 
have  your  worms  well  fcdured,  and  not  kept 
in  four  and  mufty  mofs,  for  he  is  a  curious 
feeder;  but  at  a  well-fcoured  lob- worm,  he 
will  bite  a ,  boldly  as  at  any  bait,  and  efpeci- 
ally,  4f  a  night  or  two  before  you  fifli  for  him, 
you  ftiill  bait  the  places  where  you  intend  to 
fifti  for  him,  with  big  worms  cut  into  jpieces  *j 
and  note,  that  none  did  ever  fcver-bait  the  place^ 
nor  fifli  too  early  or  too  late  for  a  Barbel.     And 

wholfomenefs  of  the  flcfb,  with  fome  conilitations  it  pro- 
duces the  ftme  efFefts  as  the  fpawn.  About  the  month  of" 
September^  in  the  year  1754,  a  fervant  )f  mine,  who  had 
eaten  part  of  a  Barbel,  though,  as  I  had  cautioned  hiin« 
he  abftained  from  the  fpawn,  was  feized  with  fuch  a  violent 
purging  and  vomiting,  as  had  like  to  have  cod  him  his  life. 
*  Graves,  whkh  are  the  fedlooent  of  tallow  melted  for 
the  making  of  candles,  cut  into  pieces,  are  an  excelleniC 
ground- bait  for  Barbel,  Gudgeons,  and  many  other  fini,  if 
iChrown  in  the  ni^ht  before  you  angle. 

the 


] 


Ghap.  XIV.  The  Complete  Angler.  219 

the  Barbel  will  bite  alfo  at  gentles,  which  not 
being  too  much  fcoured,  but  green,  are  a  choice 
bait  for  him ;  and  fo  is  cheeTe,  which  is  not  to 
be  too  hard,  but  kept  a  day  or  two  in  a  wet 
linnen  cloth  to  make  it  tough :  with  this  you 
may  alfo  bait  the  water  a  day  or  two  before  you 
fi(h  for  the  Barbel,  and  be  much  the  likelier  to 
catch  (tore :  and  if  the  cheefe  were  laid  in  clari- 
fied honey  a  (hort  time  before,  as  namely,  an 
hour  or  two,  you  are  ftill  the  likelier  to  catch 
fi(h :  fome  have  direfted  to  cut  the  cheefe  into 
thin  pieces,  and  toaft  it,  and  then  tie  it  on  the 
hook  with  fine  filk :  and  fome  advife  to  fifh  for 
the  Barbel  with  (beep's  tallow  and  foft,  cheefe 
beaten  or  worked  into  a  pafte,  and  that  it  is 
choicely  good  in  Auguji^  and  I  believe  it :  but 
doubtlefs  the  lob-worm  well  fcoured,  and  the 
gentle  not  too  much  fcoured,  and  cheefe  ordered 
as  I  have  direded,  are  baits  enough,  and  I  think 
will  ferve  in  any  month ;  though  I  (hall  com* 
mend  any  angler  that  tries  conclufions,  and  is 
induftrious  to  improve  the  art.  And  now,  my 
honeft  fcholar,  the  long  (hower  and  my  tedious 
difcourfe,  are  both  ended  together :  and  I  (hall 
give  you  but  this  obfervation,  that  when  you 
fifti  for  a  Barbel,  your  rod  and  line  be  both  long, 
and  of  good  ftrength  -,  for,  as  I  told  you,  you 
will  find  him  a  heavy  and  a  dogged  filh  to  be 
dealt  withal,  yet  he  feldom  or  never  breaks  his 
hold  if  he  be  once  ftuckcn.  And  if  you  would 
know  more  of  fifliing  for  the  Umber  or  Barbel, 
get  into  favour  with  Doftor  Sheldon  *,  whofe 

Ikili 

•  Dr.  Gilbert  SheUon,  warden  of  JII-'^ouIs  college,  chap- 
lain to  kin^C/^arles  the  firft,  and,  after  the  the  rciftoration, 

arch- 


tio         T'i&f  CoMPirETE  Angler.    Part  !• 

(kill  is  above  others ;  and  of  that  the  poor  that 
dwell  about  hitn,  have  a  comfortable  expe- 
rience *. 

And  now  let^s  go  and  fee  what  intereft  the 
Trouts  will  pay  us,  for  letting  our  angle-rods  lie 
fo  long  and  fo  quietly  in  the  water  for  their 
ufe.     Come,  fcholar,  which  will  you  take  up  ? 

Fen,  Which  you  think  fit,  mafter. 

Pifc.  Why,  you  fhall  take  up  that ;  for  I  am 
certain  by  viewing  the  line,  it  has  a  filh  at  it. 
Look  you,  fcholar :  well  done.  Come  now, 
take  up  the  other  too ;  well,  now  you  may  tell 
my  brother  Pefer  at  night,  that  you  have  caught 
a  leafli  of  Trouts  this  day.  And  now  let's  move 
toward  our  lodging,  and  drink  a  draught  of  red- 
cow's  milk  as  we  go,  and  give  pretty  Maudlin 
and  her  honeft  mother  a  brace  of  Trouts  for 
their  fupper. 

Ven.  Mafter,  I  like  your  motion  very  well ; 
and  1  think  it  is  now  about  milking-time,  and 
yonder  they  be  at  it. 

Pifc.  God  fpeed  you,  good  woman,  I  thank 
you  both  for  our  fongs  laft  night  •,  I  and  my 

archbifliop  of  CanUrhury :  he  foanded  the  theatre  at  OxforJ^ 
died  in  1677,  and  lies  buried  under  a  ilately  monument  at 
Croydon  in  Surry, 

*  Of  tlie  haunts  of  the  Barbel  the  author  has  fpoke 
fufficiently. 

Barbel  fpawh  about  the  middle  of  Jprilf  and  grow  in  fea- 
fon  about  a  month  after. 

Baits  for  Barbel,  other  than  what  Walton  has  loentioned, 
are,  the  young  brooB  of  wafps,  hornets,  and  bumblebees. 

In  fifhiflg  for  him  ufe  a  very  ftrong  rod,  and  a  (ilk  line 
with  a  (hot  and  a  bullet,  as  directed  for  the  Trout :  fomeuie 
a  cork-Hoat ;  which  if  you  do,  be  fure  to  iiih  as  clofeto  the 
tK)Ccom  as  pofilble,  fo  as  the  bait  doe^  aot  touch  tjb£  ground. 

com- 


Chap.  XIV,  I'he  Complete  ANCiER.  22 A 

companion  have  had  fuch  fortune  a  (ilhing  this 
day,  that  we  refolve  to  give  you  and  Mauilin  a 
brace  of  Trouts  for  fuppcr,  and  we  will  now 
tafte  a  draught  of  your  rcd-cow*s  milk, 

Milkw.  Marry,  and  that  you  (hall  with  4II 
my  heart,  and  I  will  be  ftill  your  debtor  when 
you  come  this  way  :  if  you  will  but  fpeak  the 
word,  I  will  make  you  a  good  fyllabub  of  new 
veijuice,  and  then  you  may  fit  down  in  a  hay- 
cock and  eat  it,  and  Maudlin  fhall  fit  by  and 
fing  you  the  good  old  fong  of  the  Hunting  in 
Chevy  Cbafe^  or  fome  other  good  ballad,  for  fhe 
hath  good  (lore  of  them ;  Maudlin^  my  honefi: 
A^udlin^  hath  a  notable  memory,  and  (he  thinks 
nothing  too  good  for  you,  becaufe  you  be  fuch 
honeft  men. 

Ven.  We  thank  you,  and  intend  once  in  a 
month  to  call  upon  you  again,  and  give  you  a 
little  warning,  and  fo  good  night :  good  night 
Maudlin.  And  now,  good  matter,  let's  lofe  no 
time,  but  tell  me  fomew hat  more  of  fifliing, 
and  if  you  plcafe,  firft  fomething  of  fi(hing  for 
a  Gudgeon. 

Pifc.  1  will,  honeft  fcholan 


CHAP. 


tti        7%^  Complete  Angler.    Parti; 

CHAP.    XV. 

Obfervations  oftheGvDGEOK,  tbeRvFTW^ 
and  tie  Bleak,  imtiimv  ioj^Jh/or  t&em. 


PiSC  ATOR, 


ii,  - 


^ 


1 


r"|'  ^  H  E  Gudgeon  is  reputed  a  fifh  of  cxcej- 
lent  tafte,  and  to  be  very  wholfomc :  he 
is  of  a  fine  (bape,  of  a  filver  colour,  and 
beautified  with  black  fpots  both  on  his  body  and 
tail.  He  breeds  twp  or  three  times  in  the  year, 
and  always  in  fummer.  He  is  commended  for 
a  fifh  of  excellent  nourifhment :  the  Germans 
call  him  Groundling,  by  reafon  of  his  feeding 
on  the  ground ;  ^nd  he  there  feafts  himfelf  in 
iharp  ftreams,  and  on  the  gravel.  He  and  the 
Barbel  both  feed  fo,  and  do  not  hunt  for  flies 
at  any  time,  as  moft  other  fiflies  do :  he  is  a^ 
excellent  fifti  to  enter  a  young  angler,  being  eafy 
to  be  taken  with  a  fmall  red-worm,  on  or  very 
near  to  the  ground.  He  is  one  of  thofe  leatherr 
mouthed  fifh  that  has  his  teeth  in  his  throat, 
and  will  hardly  be  loll:  off  from  the  hook  if  be 
be  once  ftucken. 


GuDC£OK« 


Ctutp,  XV.  Th  CoMFLETi  Aiici.ik7   223 

G    IT  I>  G  E  O  X 


They  be  ufually  fcattercd  op  and  down  every 
river  in  ihe  fliallows,  in  the  heat  of  fummcr  j 
but  in  autumn,  when  the  weeds  begin  to  grow 
four  or  rot,  and  the  weather  colder,  then  they 
gather  together,  and  get  into  the  deeper  parts  of 
ihe  water  ;  and  are  to  be  filhed  f6r  there,  with 
your  hook  always  touching  the  ground,  if  you 
fifli  for  him  with  a  floatj  of  -with  a  cork  j'but 
many  will  BQi  for  the  Gudgeon  by  hand,  with  a 
running-line  upon  the  ground,  without  a  cork, 
as  a  Trout  is  ti(hed  for ;  and  it  is  an  excellent 
way,  if  you  have  a  gentle  rod  and  as  gentle  a 
hand* 

There  is  alfo  another  fi(h  called  a  Pope,  and 
by  fome  a  Ruife,  a  filh  that  is  not  known  to  be 
in  fome  rivers  j  he  is  much  like  the  Peiarch  for 

'  In  filhing  for  Gudgeons  have  a  rake,  and  every  quar- 
ter of  an  hour  rake  the  bottoin  of  {he  river,  and  the  £fh 
will  fiocli  iMthei  in  Ihoali. 

bis 


S24^  The  CouPtiTE  AHdlER;  Partfj 
his  Ihape,  and  taken  to  be  better  than  the 
Fearch,  but  will  not  grow  to  be  bigger  than  a 
Gudgeon ;  he  is  an  excellent  filh,  no  &{h  that 
fwtms  is  of  a  pleafanter  tafte ;  and  he  is  alfo  ex< 
cellent  to  enter  a  young  angler,  for  he  is  a  greed]' 
biter,  and  they  will  ufudly  lie  abundance  of 
them  together,  in  one  rcferved  place,  wliere  the 
water  is  deep  and  runs  quiet^;'  and  an  eafy 
angler,  if  he  has  found  where  they  He,  may 
catch  forty  or  fifty,  or  fometimcs  twice  fo  many, 
at  a  Handing. 

You  mulx  filh  for  him  with  a  fmall  red  worm, 
and  if  you  bait  the  ground  with  earth,  it  is  ex- 
cellent. 

There  is  alfo  a 


Blejvk 


or  frelh-water  Sprat,  a  filh  that  is  ever  in  mo'- 
tion,  and  therefore  called  by  fome  the  River- 
fwallow ;  for  juft  as  you  Ihall  obferve  the  fwallow 
to  te  moft  evenings  in  fummerj  ever  in  motion^ 
6  making 


Chap*  XV, .  Tittf  Complete  Anglbji.     x2]^ 

making  (hort  and  quick  turns  when  he  flies,  tp 
catch  flies  in  the  air,  by  which  he  lives,  fo  does' 
the  bleak  at  the  top  of  the  water.  Aufonius 
would  have  him  called  Bleak  from  his  whitifh 
colour :  his  back  is  of  a  pleafanc  fad  or  fea-wacet* 
green,  his  belly  white  and  (hining  as  the  rnoun^ 
tain  fnow;~  and  doubtlefs,  though  he  have  the 
fortune,  which  virtue  has  in  poor  people,  to  be 
neglected,  yet  (he  Bleak  ought  to  bfe  much  valued^ 
though  wq  want  Allamot  fait,  and  the  (kill  that 
the  Italians  have  to  turn  them  into  anchovies^ 
This  fi(h  may  be  caught  with  a  -Pater-nojler  line, 
that  is,  fix  or  eight  very  fmall  hooks  tied  along 
the  line,  one  half  a  foot  above  the  other :  I  have 
feen  five  caught  thus  at  one  time,  and  the  bait 
has  been  gentles,  than  which  none  is  better. 

Or  this  B(h  may  be  caught  with  a  fine  fmalt 
artificial  fly,  which  is  to  beof  «  very  fad  browa 
colour,  and  very  fmall,  and  the  hook  anfwer- 
able.  There  is  no  better  fport  than  whipping 
for  Bleaks  in  a  boat,  or  on  a  bank  in  the  fwitt 
water  in  a  fummer's  evening,  with  a  hazle  top 
about  five  or  f^c  feet  long,  and.  a  line  twice  the 
length  of  the  rod :  I  have  :heard  Sir  Henry  Wot'^ 
ton  fay,  tha.t  there  be  niany  that  in  Italy  will 
catch  fwallows  fo,  or  cfpecially  martins  *,  tlm 
bird-angler  (landing  on  the  top  of  a  fkeeple  to 
do  it,  and  with  a  line  twice  (o  long  as  1  have 
fpoken  of:  and  let  me  tell  you,  fcholar,  that  both 

.martins  and  Bleaks  be  moft  excellent  meat. 
And  let  me  tell  you,  that  I  have  known  a 

;h^rn   tliat  did  conftantly  frequent  one  place^ 
caught  with  a  hook  baited  with  a  big  minnow 

*  This  is  a  common  prafiice  in  EnglanJ  vMot 


ol"  a  fmall  gudgeon.  The  line  and  hook  muft 
be  ftrong,  and  tied  to  feme  loofe  ftafF,  fa  big 
as  (he  cannot  fly  away  wkh  it,  a^Une  not  exceed- 

ibg  tw6  yards. 


CHAP,  xvr, 

ft  • 

Js  tf  notbingi  w^  that  wbkb  h  nothing 

< 

PrSCATOR. 

MY  purpofe  was  to  gi^c  you  feme  direct 
tions  concerning  Roach  and  Dace,  and 
fbme  other  in^rior  fiih,  which  make 
the  angler  excellent  Tport,  for  ydd'TSSjow  there 
is  more  pleafure  in  hunting  the  hare  than  in  eat* 
ing  her:  but  I  will  forbear  at  this  time  to  i^y 
^ny  more,  becaufe  you  fee  yonder  come  our  bro* 
ther  l?et€r  and  honeftC^i^^:  but  I  wittpromife 
you,  that  as  you  and  I  fi(h,  and  walk  tonnorrow 
towards  Londony  if  I  have  now  forgotten  any 
thfng  that  I  can  then  remtmber>  I  will  not  kee|^ 
it  from  you. 

Well  met,  gtetfcmen,  this  is  kcky  that  we, 
meet  fo  iuft  together  at  this  very  door.  Come, 
hoftcfs,  where  are  you  ?  is  fupper  ready  ?  Come,, 
firft  give  us  drink,  and  be  as  quick  as  you  can,, 
for  I  believe  we  are  all  very  hungry.  Well,  bro- 
ther Peter  and  Coridon^  to  you  both ;  come, 
drink,  and  then  tell  me  what  luck  of  fiOi :  we 
two  have  caught  but  ten  Trouts,  of  which  my 
.  fcholar  caugh^thrce ;  look  here's  eight,  and  abracc 
I  we 


Chap.  XVL  Tfe  Conff  i.j!t«  ANotER.    ^zy 

We  gave  away :  we  have  had  a  moil:  picafant  day 
for  fifliing  and  talking,  and  are  returned  home 
both  weary  and  hungry,  and  OQW  mcfit  and  reft 
will  be  pleafanc. 

PeL  And  Coridon  and  I  have  not  had  an  un- 
pleafant  day^  and  yet  I  have  caug|)(  but  five 
Trouts ;  for  indeed  we  went  to  a  good  honeft 
ale-houfe,  and  there  we  played  at  fhovel-board 
half  the  day )  all  the  lime  xh^x  U. rained  we  were 
there,  and  as  merry  as  tbc^  that.fUhed>  and  I 
am  glad  we  are  npw  with  a  dry  houfe  oV'Or  our 
heads^  for  hark  bow  it  raiasand  blows.  ^  Come, 
hoftefs,  give  us  more  ale,  aud  our  fupper  with 
what  hafte  you  may :  and  wb^/i  we  have  fuppM» 
let  us  have  your  fong,  Pifcat^^  and  the  catch 
that  your  fcholar  promifed  us,  or  elfe  Coridom 
will  be  dogged. 

Pifc.  Nay,  I  will  not  be  worfe  than  my  word, 
you  (hall  not  want  my  fong,  and  I  hope  I  ihall 
be  pcrfeft  in  it. 

Venat.  And.  I  hope  the  like  for  my  catch, 
which  I  have  ready  too,  and  therefore  let^s  go 
merrily  to  fupper,  and  then  have  a  eentle  touch 
at  finging  and  drinking  *,  but  the  lafi  with  mo-* 
deration. 

Cor.  Come,  now  for  your  fong,  for  we  have 
fed  heartily.  Come,  hoftefs,  lay  a  few  more 
flicks  on  the  fire,  and  now  iing  wnen  you  will. 

Pifc.  Well  then,  here's  to  y<ju,  Coridon'^  and 
now  for  my  fong. 

Ob  the  gallant  fijher's  Ufi^ 
'  It  is  the  heft  of  aw^ 

'TisfuU-^ft^furA  Wi^afftrifif 
And  Uis  beloved  nrf  maw^  ; 

Q^z  OtUr 


22$         Tbe  ciowptETE  Anglbk.    PartC 

Other  joys 
Are  but  toy^t 
Only  ibis 
Lcmful  is^ 
For  ourJkiS 
Breeds  no  Ht^ 
But  cofUent  atd  fleafure. 

fy  a  morning  up  v)e  rife^ 

JEre  Aurora's  pe^ngy 
J)rink  a  cup  to  viafi  our  eyesy 

Leave  f be  Jluggardjleepif^t 

^enwego^ 
"To  andfro^ 
With  our  knacks 
At  our  hucks^    • 
To  fucb  Jireams 
As  the  Thames, 
*       If  we  have  the  kijiere. 

When  we  pleafe  to  walk  abroad 

For  our  recreation^ 

In  the  fields  is  our  abode y 

Full  of  dek£lation  : 

fUfcre  in  a  brook 

fVitb  a  hooky 

Or  a  lake  J 

Fifh  we  takey 

There  we  fit^ 

For  a  bit  J 
Till  we  fifh  entangle. 

IV'c  have  gentles  in  a  horny 
We  have  pafit  and  wotfns  t:Oy 


Wt 


«l  ^*  ' 


CliaptXVL  Tie  Complbte  AuctER.    2^g 

JVe  CM  watch  both  mght  andmon^ 
Suffer  rain  andftorms  too :: 
None  do  here 

Ufi  to  fijoear : 
Oaths  dofr4j 
Fijhawaji 

Wefitfiilk 
jtnd  watch  our  quill  i 
Fijbers  nwji  not  wrangle. 

If  ths  fm\s  ^xc0ue  heat 

Make  our  bodies  fwelter^ 
iTo  on  ofier  hedge  we  get 
For  a  friendly  fhelter^ 
Where  in  a  dike 
PtoTch  or  Pike^ 
Mooch  or  Dace, 
Jve  do  chafe  ^ 
Bleak  or  Gudgeon 
Without  gru^ing^ 
We  ar£  JiiU  xontented. 

Or  we/ome^es  pafs  an  hour 

Unaer  a  gneen  willow^ 
That  defend  lafrom  afhower^ 
Making  earth  our  jptllow, 
TVhere  %ve  ptay 
Think  and  pray. 
Before  death 
Stops  our  breath: 
Other  joys 
Are  but  toys. 
And  to  be  lamented. 

J.  ChalkhiM. 

•  1. 

Q^%  Venat. 


430        ^e  CoMPj-ETE  Anoi-er/     P Aft T# 

Venat.  Well  fung^  matter  •,  this  day's  fortune 
and  pleafurc,  and  this  night's  Company  artdfong^ 
do  all  make  me  more  arid  rflOfe  in  love  with 
angling.  Gentlemen,  ro'y  mafter  teft  mc  alone 
for  an  hour  this  day,  and- 1  verily  ^ejievc  he  re- 
tired himfdf  from  talking  with*  ale,  that  he 
might  be  fo  perfeiSb  in  thi3  fongv  Was  it  not, 
matter  ? 

Pifc.  Yes  indeed,  for  it  is  maiYy  year^  ftnce  I 
learn'd  it,  and  having  forgotten  a  part  of  it,  I 
was  forced  to  patch  it  up  by  the  help  oiP  mine 
own  invention,  who  am  not  excellent  at  poetry, 
as  my  part  of  the  fong  miay  tettify  r  but  ci  that 
I  will  (ay  no  more,  Ifttt  you  fiiould  think  1  mean 
by  difcommending  it,  to  beg  your  commenda>- 
tionsof  it.  And  therefore,  without  replications, 
let's  hear  your  catch,  fchQlar,  which  I  hope  will 
be  a  good  one,  for  you  are  both  mufical,  and 
have  a  good  fancy  to  boot. 

Venat.  Marry,  and  that  you  ftiall,  and  as  freely 
as  I  would  have  my  honeft  mafter  tell  me  fome 
more  fecrets  of  fiih  and  fifhing  as  we  walk  and 
ii(h  towards  London  to-morrow.  But  matter, 
jBrft  let  me  tell  ybu,  that  very  hour  which  you 
were  abfent  from  me,  I  fat  down  under  a  wil- 
Jow-tree  by  the  water-fide,  and  conttdered  what 
you  had  told  mc  of  the  owner  of  that  plcafant 
meadow  in  which  you  then  left  me-,  that  Re  had 
a  plentiful  eftate,  and  not  a  heart  to  think  fo; 
that  he  had  at  this  tixfie  many  law-fuits  depend- 
ing, $nd  that  they  both  damped  his  mirth,  and 
took  up  fo  much  of  his  time  and  thoughts,  thaE 
hehimlclf  had  not  leifurfe  to  take  the  fweet^con- 
tetit  that  J,  lyho  pretended  no  title  to  them,  took 

,    -s  in 


in  his  fields  *;  for  I  could  there  fitquietly,  and 
lookiog  on  the  watqr»  fee  feme  fiihes  fporc 
;theinrelve8-  in  tKe  irlver  ftreams,  odiera  leaping 
fit  flies  of  feveral  Ihapes  and  colours ;  looking  on 
the  hills,  I  could  behold  them  ^tted  with 
woods  and  groves ;  looking  down  the  meadows, 
<Could  fee  here  a  boy  gathering  liUies  and  lady- 
fmocks^  and  there  a  girl  cropping  culverkey4 
and  cowflips,  all  to  make  garlands  fuitable  to 
ithis  prefent  month  of  May:  thefe,  and  many 
^tfaer  field' flowers,  fo  perfumed  the  air,  thatf 
thought  that  very  meadow,  like  that  field  In  Sir 
fcily^  of  which  Diodorus  ^eaks,  wher«  xht  per- 

*  Tfa«re  is  fo  much  ^t  ftii4  ufeiitl  moridity  ioduded  in 
fthis  rendment,  that  to  let  it  pafs  would  be  incxcafable  in 
tone  who  pretends  to  illaftrate  the  aathor's  meaning,  or  dif« 
j>Iay  his  excellencies.  The  precept  which  he  evidently  meant 
to  inculcate,  ts  a  s^ry  comrojtableone,  vitt,  that  fome  of  the 
^reateft  pleafares  human  nature  is  capable  of,  lie  open  and  in 
common  to  the  poor  as  well  as  the  rich.  It  is  not  neceiTary 
that  a  man  ihoald  have  the  *fee-fimple  of  all  the  land  in 
profpe^,  iUom^WindJor  terras,  or  Richm9nd  hill,  to^peicetve 
the  beauty  of  thoie  two  delightful  fitnatioos,;  nor  can  we 
imagine  thatdione  but  lord  Mmrlituffn  were  ever  delighted 
in  the  view  of  his  mod  elegant  villa  at  Chi/widk. 
.But  that  excellent  morahfl,  1)1.  Francis  iiitcbefittt\Att  of 
.GlaJgo*ui,  has  a  parage  to  this  ptirpofe,  which  is  a  nitich 
better  comment  on  tthis  refledion  than  any  ^.we  can  givt: 
**  As  often,"  Jaythf,  ^^  i«s  the  more  important  qlices  of 
'^*  virtue  allow  any  intervals,  our  time  is  agreeabl}^  and 
-^^  honourably  emplc^ed  in  hiftory,  natural  or  civil,  in 
**  geometry,  aAronooiry,  ,poetr^«  ^painting,  and  muiick,  or 
M  fttcb  entertsainments  as  ingenious  arts  afford.  And  fome 
of  theiweeteft  egjeiyments  €it  this  fort  require  no  pro- 
perty, nor  need  we  ever  w^nt  the  objects .  If  familiarity 
abates  the.pleafure  of  the  more  obvious  beauties  of  .na- 
ture, their  more  exquifite  inward  ftruAures  may  eive 
new  delighu,  and  the  ftoretof  nature  are  inexhauaiide«" 
'SttMsSjJhmc/M9ralPhil^pfy,Boqkl.ShsLf.7.    -   ' 


r€t 


■  «C 
•44 


i^t        ^e  Complete  Anglirv  '  -  Part  L 

fumes  arlfing  from  the  place,  make  all  dogs  tfiat 
hunt  in  it  to  fall  off,  an^to  lofe  their  hotteft 
fcent.  I  fay,  as  I  thus  fat  joying  in  my  own 
happy  condition,  and  pitying  this  f^oor  rich  manf 
that  owned  this  and  many  other  pleafant  groves 
dnd  meadows  about  me,  I  did  thankfully  re^ 
piember  what  *my  Saviour  faid,  that  the  meek 
fojfefs  the  earth ;  or  rather,  they  enjoy  what  the 
other  poflefs  and  enjoy  not-,  for  anglers  and 
meek  qiiiet-fpirited  men,  are  free  from  thofe 
high,  thofe  reftlefs  thoughts,  which  corrode  the 
fweets  of  life  \  and  they,  and  they  only,  can  fay, 
as  the  poet  has  happily  expreft  it ; 

Hail  bleft  efidte  of  lowtinefs ! 
Happy  enjoyments  of  fucb  minds ^ 

jIs  rich  in  felf'Confentednefs^ 

Can^  like  the  reeds  in  roughefi  winds^ 
By  yielding  make  that  blow  hut  fmall^ 
At  which  proud  oaks  and  cedars  fall. 

There  came  alfo  into  my  mind  at  that  time, 
certain  verfes  in  praife  of  a  mean  eftate  and  an 
humble  mind;  they  were  written  by  Phineas 
pktcbcr^  an  excellent  divine,  and  an  excellent 
angler,  and  the  author  of  excellent  Pifciatory 
eclbgocs,  in  which  you  (hall  fee  the  pidure  of 
this  good  man's  mind^  and  I  wiik  mine-  to  be 
like  ii;  *, 

No 

*  It  would  b^  great  injoftice  to  tbe  memory  of  this  excel- 
lent perfon,  whofe  naiiie  is  opw  hardly  knowQ^  to  pafs  him 
by  without  notice.  He  was  the  Ton  of  Giles  Fhcbfty  do6lor 
of  laws,  and  amba&dor  from  queen  Elizabeth  to  the  duke 
of  Mu/ce*vy  ;  a  fellow  of  King's  college,  'Cambridgit.  and 
rbe  author  of  a  fineallegoriotl  poemi  incitled»  T^e  Purple 
lfUm4i  printed  at  Cambridgt^  with  other  of  his  poems^  in  4/0* 

N  1633? 


Chup.'KVL   Itbe  CbMPfcETE  Akcl^r.    .23J 

No  empty  hopes j  no  courtfy  fears  bim  fright ^ 
No  begging  wanis^  his  middle  fortune  hite^ 
.    Butfweet  content  exiles  both  mifery  and  fpte. 

His 

1655;  from  whence  the  paflage  in  the  text»  with  a  little 
variation  is  taken.  The  reader  will  not  be  difpleafed  with 
a  more  entire  quotation  from  that  work,  which,  for  its 
elegant  paftoral  fimplicity,  I  coold  wiih  to  fee  equalled. 

;    La  otbtrs  trufi  thiftas^  dan  death  andbelU 

Search  iiiher  Inde,  'vaunt  of  their  /cars  and  nvetmdf ; 
Let  others  their  dear  breath  {fiajj  Jilence)  fell 

To  fools  t  and  (pvooln^  not  rich)  Jlr etch  out  their  bounds* 
By  fpeiling  tho/e  that  li've^  and  luronging  dead  % 
what  thgy  may  drink  in  pearly  and  couch  their  head 
\     f^f^t  hutjUeplefs  down  ;  in  richf  but  refilefs  bed* 

Oh  !  let  them  in  their  gold  quaff  dropfies  donvn  ; 
V        Ob  I  let  them  furfeits  feaft  injjl*vtr  bright , 

While  fugar  hires  the  tafie  the  brain  to  drown^ 
4nd  bribes  of  fauce  corrupt  falfe  appetite^ 

tlis  mafter*s  reft,  healthy  heart ,  life^  foul  to  fell. 
•    Thus  plenty,  fulnefs,  ficknefsy  ring  their  knell: 

Death  iveds  and  beds  them  ;  firft  in  grave^.  and  then  in  bell* 

But,  ah!  let  me^  under  fome  Kentiih  hill. 

Near  rolling  Med  way,  *mong  my  Jhepherd- peers. 

With  fearlefs  merry  make  <i  and  piping  ft  ill 
Securely  pafs  myfeiv  and  ftonxj  pac^ d years  : 

Whileyet  the  great  Auguftus  t  of  our  nation  -[\K,  JameS  I.] 

Shuts  up  old  Janus  in  this  long  ceffation. 

Strengthening  our  pleaftng  eafe,  and  gives  usfure  vacation. 

There  may  /,  mafter  of  a  little  flock^ 

Feed  my  poor  lambs,  and  often  change  their  fare  .• 
My  lonjtly  mate  Jhall  tend  my  fparing  flock. 

And  nurfe  my  little  ones  nvith  pleaftng  care ; 
Whofe  lo<ve  and  look  fly  all  Jpeak  their  father  plain  : 
Health  he  my  feaft  y  heavn  hope,  content  my  guin^ 
ISp  in  my  little  houfe  my  lejfer  heart  ft?all  reign. 

The 


t 

fj4  ni  COMPLBTE  AhqIEr/       Ptft  t^ 

His  certain  life^  that  never  can  deceive  Inm^ 

.  Is  full  (f  iboufand  Jweets^  and  rich  content ; 
^hefmoatb4eav*d  beeches  in  the  field  receive  bim^ 
JVith  caolejl  Jhaddy  till  noon-tide's  heat  be /pent : 
His  lifCi  is  neither  toft  in  hoijProus  feas^ 
Or  the  vexatious  worlds  or  loft  inJlotbfuleafe% 
Pleased  and  full  bleft  be  lives,  when  be  his  God 
canpleafe. 

His  iedy  more  fafe  than  f oft ^  yields  quiet  Jleeps^ 

ffbile  by  bis  fide  bis  faithful  fpoufe  bath  place  ^ 
His  little  fon^  into  his  bofom  creep s^ 

The  lively  piSlure  of  bis  father* sf^ce ; 
His  bumble  houfe^  orpoorftate^  ne'er  torment  bim^ 
Lefs  be  could  likcy  tf  lefs  bis  God  had  lent  him^ 
And  when  if  dies^  green  turfjs  do  for  a  tomb  content 
him. 

Gentlemen,  thefe  were  a  part  of  the  thought^ 
that  then  poifei}:  me,  and  I  there  made  a  con- 

verfioa 

^e  Leach  Jhalt  yieltf  a  cool  fafe  canopy^ 

While  dowon  Ifity  and  cbaunt  to  tb*  echoing  luood : 

^h  !  finging  might  I  li*ve^  andfinging  die^ 
So  hy  fair  Thames,  orjtlver  Medwzy^s^ood^ 

7'he  djfingjkvant  'when  years  her  temples  pierce^ 

Jn  mujick  Jlrains  breathes  out  her  life  and  nterft ; 

Andy  fhaunting  her  oivn  dirge,  tides  on  her  ivatry  hearfe* 

Purple  Ifland,  Canto  \* 

The  innocence  of  angling,  the  -delightful  fcenes  wick 
V'hich  it  is  converfant,  and  its  aflbckted  pleafures  of  eafe, 
retirement,  and  meditation,  have  been  a  motive  to  the  intro- 
dnftion  of  a  new  fpecies  of  eclogBe ;  where  fifhers  are 
aftors,  as  ihepherds  are  in  the  palioral.  Mr.  4ddifiny  it  i« 
true,  has  cenfured  Sannaxarius  for  fuch  an  attempt ;  but  TX 
is  to  l}e  remembered,  that  his  are  Tea  eclogues ;  t|)e  ver/ 
idea  of  which,  is  furely  inconfifteut  with  the  calmnefs  and 
^tranquillity  of  the  pailural  life  :  net  to4ay,  thatoyflers  an4 

cra^^- 


V*rfik>n  of  a  piece  of  ah  cfld  catcH,'  and  added 

more  to  it>  fiuing  them  to  be  fung  by  u$  ang- 

^  Icrs  : 

CttLj'titti  ate  no  very  elegant  or  perfuafive  bribes  to  the  fa- 
vour of  t  miftrefs.  Bnt  the  ancient  writers  of  paftoral, 
fiioii,  Theocritus  J  Mo/cbusy  and  others,  included  under  that 
fpedes  the  ttianners  of  h^rdfmen^  rtne-drefTers,  and  others ; 
and  why  thofe  of  ftfbers  are  to  be  excluded,  the  legiflators 
of  paftoral  would  do  well  to  inform  us. 
*  Of  thofe  who  have  attempted  this  kind  of  poetry,  the 
^bove- mentioned  Mr.  Fletcher  is  one ;  and  in  the  fame  vo» 
hxme  with  the  Purplk  IJland  are  feveral  poems,  which  ho 
icalls  Fifcattry  Eclogues^  from  whence  the  following  paflage 
i^extra^ed*    * 

^h  I  mmlil  theu  knenjt^fi  hotv  mvch  k  better  nxjeri 
To  hide  among  the  fimple  fijher-fnjoains ; 
•  Ko  Jbrieking  c*voU  no  night 'Cro*aj  lodgeth  here  ; 
Nor  is  our  fimfle  plea/ure  mis^d  <witb  pains  : 
Our /ports  hepin  tvith  the  beginning  year, 
Jn  cahns  to  full  the  leaping fijh  to  land. 
In  roughs  tojing,  and  dance  along  the  golden  fand. 

'    /  htxvt  a  pipe,  ivhich  once  thou  lotfedfl  «weUy 
{fFas  never  pipe  tk^t  gave  4  better  found) 
Which  oft  to  hear^  /air  ThtxU/rom  her  cell, 
Thetis,  the  queen  of  /eas,  attended  rounds. 
With  hundred  nymphs^  and  many  po^^ers  that  dwell 
In  tb*  ocean* s  rocky  'walls,  came  up  to  hear, 
.   4nd  gave  mi  gi/ts,  vihich  fill  for  thee  lie  hoarded  here* 

Here,  *withfweet  baysy  the  lovely  myrtles  grotv, 

fFhere  th*  ocean* s  fair- cheeked  maidens  oft  repair  j 
Here  to  my  pipe  they  dancen  on  a  rovo, 

Nd  other /wains  may  come  to  note  they're  fair  : 
Tet  my  Amyntas  there  voith  mejhallgo. 
Proteus  him/elf  pipes  to  his  flocks  hereby  ^ 
^     Whom  thoujhalt  hear,  ne'er  feen  by  any  jealous  eye. 

Eclogue  I. 

And  befides  Mr.  Phineas  Fletcher,  a  gentleman  now  livings 
.ihc  Reverend  Mr.  Alo/es  Browne  has  obliged  thd  world  with 

Pifcacory 


t3^    ^  Tic  CoMPLBTB  Akcler.      Partly 

krs :  come,  maftcr,  you  can  (ing  well,  you  muft 
fin^  a  part  of  it  as  it  is  in  this  paper  \ 

Pet. 

Pifcatory  Eclogaes,  which  I  would  reconunend  to  all  feveu 
of  poetry  and  angling  ;  and  am  much  miilaken  if  the  fifth 
of  them,  intitled  R€nock^%  De/pair^  is  not  by  far  die  beft 
ijaitatioii  of  Miheuh  Lj^Uas,  that  has  ever  yet  appeared. 

*  The  reader  is  not  to  Wbnder  at  this  motion  of  Fiuutor% 
Dor  that  Pifcator  fo  readily  accepts  it.  At  the  dme  when 
/f^//0A  wrote,  and  long  before,  mofick  was  fo  generally  well 
underiioody  that  a  man  who  had  any  voice  or  ear,  was  al^r 
ways  foppored  to  ht  able  to  fing  his  part  in  a  madrigal  or 
fong  at  fight<  Peacham  requires  of  his  gentleman*  only  to 
be  able  *'  to  fing  his  part  fare,  and  at  nie  firft  fight ;  and, 
**  widial,  to  play  the  fame  on  the  viol  or  lote.'*  CosnfL 
Gent,  IQO*  And  Philomathes^  in  M»rlef%  excellent  Imtrt^ 
duBUn  to  fraSical  mufickt  in  fol.  1597*  thus  compliuns ; 
{at  the4>anqiiet  of  mailer  S^fUfaiitlus}  * '  Supper  being  ended* 
**  and  mufick-books,  according  to  cu(lQm»  being  brought  to 
**  table,  the  millvetB  of  the  honfe  prefented  me  with  ai^part, 
*^  earnedly  requefting  me  to  fing.  But  when«  after  many 
"  excnfee,  I  protefied  unfingnedW,  that  I  could  not*  ev^ry 
«*  one  began  to  wonder ;  yea,  iome  whifpered  to  others, 
^<  demanding  how  I  was  brought  up :  fo  that,  upon  ^ame 
<*  of  mine  ignorance,  I  go  now  to  feek  out  mine  old 
*<  friend,  mafter  Gnorimm^  tomake  myfelf  his  fcholan** 

Another  circumftance,  which  fliews  how  generally  mufick 
was  formerly  known  and  pra&ifed  in  England^  occurred  to 
me  upon  the  fight  of  an  old  book  of  enigmas ;  to  tMtty 
one  of  which  the  author  has  prefixed  a  wooden  cot  of  the 
fobjed  of  the  enigma  :  the  folution  to  one  of  thefe,  is  a 
barber,  and  the  cut  repreients  a  barber's  fhop,  in  which 
there  is  one  peribn  fitting  in  a  chair,  under  the  barber's 
hands,  while  another,  who  is  waiting  for  his  turn,  is  play- 
ing on  the  lute  ;  and  on  the  fide  of  the  fh«p  hangs  another 
inllrnment,  of  the  lute  or  cittern  kind*  The  inference  I 
draw  from  hence  is,  that  formerly  a  lute  was  confidered  as 
a  necefiary  part  of  the  furniture  of  a  barber's  fiiop,  ^nd 
Bufwered  the  end  of  a  news-paper,  thenow  common  amuie« 
ment  of  waiting  cuflomers ;  which  it  would  never  have 
done,  if  mufick  had  not,  as  is  above  obfervedi  bctn  giPne- 
rally  known  and  prafti fed. 

And 


Fit.  1  mariy^  Sir,  this  is  muGck  indeed,  this 
has  chear'd  my  heart,  and  made  me  to  remember 
fix  verfes  in  praife  of  mufick,  which  I  will  fpeak 
to  you  ioftantly* 

'  Mifick. 

• 

And  the  knowled^  of  this  h&  will  enable  us  to  explain 
and  jaftify  a  paffiige  in  Ben  Jphiifin**  comedy  of  Ti^  Silent 
fTwndn^  which  none  of  his  annotators  feem  to  have  under^ 
^ood.  Morofit  in  aA  III.  fcene  5.  of  that  play,  after  he 
h4S  difcovered  that  his  fuppofed  wife  can  talk,  and  that  to 
die  pufpofe  too,  cries  oat  ofCuthtrd^  **  That  cnrfed  bar- 
«<  ber !— — *I  have  married  his  Citterth  that's  common  to  all 
**  men.'*  B4r.  Upton,  in  his  notes  on  chat  play,  and  Mr. 
Wballiy  after  him,  fappofe  we  (hould  read  Cifiirn^  i.  e.  the 
common  fink,  the  common  fewer,  ciftern,  or  receptacle  : 
or,  Mr.  UftOM  fays,  we  may  read  Quern  in  a  fenfe  that 
has  no  reladon  to  a  barber's  (hop.  Bnt  whether  the  circu  nx- 
fiance  above-mentioned  does  not  render  any  fuch  conjectures 
needlefs,  the  ingenious  reader  will  determine. 

Mr.  Henry  Lowes f  who  compofed  the  mufick  to  this  fong, 
was  the  Pnrcel  of  the  age  he  lived  in :  Mr.  Waller  has  ho- 
noured him  with  a  copy  of  verfes,  infcribed  *'  To  Mr. 
^'  Henry  Leiwes^  who  had  then  new  fet  a  fong  of  mine,  in 
"  the  year  1635."  And  Milton  has  celebrated  his  merit  in 
an  elegant  fonnet,  **  to  Mr.  H.  Lwwes^  on  his  airs." 
Milion  was  an  excellent  judge  and  performer  of  mudck,  a 
particular  which,  as  it  has  been  stxy  fuperiicially  men- 
tioned by  the  many  writers  of  his  life,  it  may  not  be  amifs 
to  enlarge  On  here.  And  firft,  we  are  to  know  that  his 
afIe£(ioii  to  this  art  was,  in  fome  fort  hereditary  ;  for  his 
father  was  not  only  a  lover,  butacompoferof  mufick  :  the 
common  melody,  known  by  the  name  olYork  pfalm -tunes, 
which  is  played  by  moft  country  chimes,  and  half  the  nurfes 
in  this  kingdom  fing  by  way  of  lullaby,  was  of  his  compo- 
£tion,  as  appears  by  Rawnfcnfth  colle^ionof  Pfalm-tunes, 
^d  other  evidences*  He  alfb  compofed  many  madrigals, 
in  four  and  five  parts :  fbme  oif  which  are  to  be  feen  in  Tkt 
Triumfhs  ofQriana^  a  collection  of  madrigals,  to  five  and 
iix  voices,  compofed  by  divers  authors,  4/0,  Loni.  i6or, 
and  in  other  collections.  And  laftly,  it  appears  from  the 
MtMi  Milton^   by  his  nephew  Philips^  prefixed  tg  a  tranfla* 


Mnjkky  mrackhtis  rl^lmcky  that  J^e^tfi  fekfr 
WifbffKt  a  ttm^y  exceiSng  ekpuncs  %     -  -    ' 

With  f»bat  e^fe  fmgbt  tiy  errors  he  kxctu^dY 
Wert  thou  as  truly  lov'd  as  tVart^^^d^     •  'y[  t . 
But  though  dull  fouls  negleS^  andfome  reprove  theif 
I  cannot  hate  thee^  \caufe  the  angels  love  thee. 

Ven.  And  the  repetkion  of  theic  laft  Verfes  of 
mufick,  have  called  to  my  memory  what  Mr. 

tlon  of  fome  of  his  Jetters  of  flate^  printed  in  htmo^  1^94^ 
chat  Milton f  the  father^  codpofed  an  Jn  nomine^  of  forty 
parts ;  for  which  he  was  rewarded  by  a  Peli/h  prince^  to 
lyhoin  he  prciented  it,  with  a  gold  medal  and  chain.  Ajsd 
we  arc  alfo  told,  by  the  above-mentioned  nephew  o£  Milton, 
that,  when  he  was  upon  his  travels,  he  coll|£leda  cheil  or 
two  of  choice  mufick-books  of  the  beft  mailers  flourifhing  2X 
that  time  in  Italy ^  namely,  Luca  Marenzio^  Monteverdi^ 
Horatio  Vecchi^  Cifa^  the  prince  of  Venofa^  and  others.    ' 

It  fhould  feem  tJ^at  La^wes  and  Milton  were  well  acquaint* 
ed,  for  the  former  compofed  the  orig^inal  mufick  to  the 
mafque  of  Comtn ;  and,  at  the  exhibition  of  that  perform* 
ance  at  Ludlonu-caftUt  aded  the  part  of  the  attendant- 
fpiric.  The  beil  account  extant  of  him,  except  that  in  the 
Jitben»  Oxon.  is  contained  in  Mr.  Fentonh  note  on  the  poem 
ef  Mr »  ff^aller,  above-meniicued. 

And,  now  I  am  upon  this  fubjedl,  I  will  tell  the  reader  a 
fecret ;  which  is,  that  mufick  was  in  its  greateft  perfedlion  ia 
Europe  from  about  the  middle  of  the  fixteenth  to  the  begin- 
ning of  the  feventecnth  ccijtuf  y ;  wlien,  with  a  variety  of 
treble-inflruments,  a  vicioui  talle  was  introduced,  and  bar-- 
mony  received  its  mortal  wpund.  In  this  period  flouriIhe4 
Prenefiiniy  the  prince  of  Venofay  and  the  feveral  other  auV 
thors  above-mentioned  to  have  been  colledled  hy/MiIton^ 
and,  to  the  immortal  hoFiOor  of  this  nation,  our  own  Ta/lif 
and  Byrd\  and,  in  the  more  elegant  kinds  of  compofition^ 
fpch  as  madrigals,  canzone :s,  ^c.  Wilhye  Weelhs ^  Sennet, 
Morley^  Bate/on^  andpthers^  whofe  works  (liew  dvep  ikill 
and  fine  invention.  , 

Ed. 


CSiap.  XVI.  The  Complete  Angler.^    ftj^ 

Ed.  WalliTj  a  lover  of  the  angle  *,  fays  of  love 
and  mufick. 

0 

Whilft  lUften  to  tiy  voice^ 
Chloris  Lfeel  nty  heart  decay  \ 

^hdt  powerful  voke 
Calls  my  fee  ting  foul  away ; 
Oh !  fiipprefs  that  mapckjbund^ 
JVhich  deftroys  without  a  wound. 

*  As  the  andior's  concern  for  tke  honour  of  angliBg,  in* 
dciced  him  to- enumerate  AKh  perfona  of  note  as  were  Jover* 
of  that  recreadon,  the  reader  will  allow  me  to  add  Mr.  y^^^r 
Gay^  to  the  many  worthy  and  ingenioas  men  already  named 
on  that  occafion  :  any  one  who  reads  the  iirft  canto  of  his^ 
Ge&rgicky  idtitled  RMral  Sports^  and  obiertres  how  beauti* 
fully  and  accurately  he  treats  the  fubjeft  of  ily-fiihin?, 
would  conclude  the  author  a  proficient:  but  that  it  was  hi» 
chief  amufement«  I  have  been  afTured,  by  a  verv  intimate 
ftiend  of  mine,  who  has  frequently  fiihed  with  nim  in  the 
ii?er  Kmmit  at  Anufiwry  in  IViksf  the  feat  of  his  grace  the 
duke  of  ^uanfiury* 

The  reader  will  excufe  the  following  addition  to  this  note» 
for  the  fake  of  a  beautiful  defcription  of  the  materials  ufed 
in  fly-makiBgy  which  is  quoted  from  the  above-mentioned 
poem* 

**  To  frame  the  little  animal  profuide 
•*  All  the  gay  hues  that  fwait  on  female  pride ; 
*•  Lit  naeure  guide  thee^  fametimes  golden  tuirep 
••  Thejhimtig  heUies  of  the  fly  rehire, 
**  The  peacock* i  plumes  thy  tackle  muft  not  flails 
**  iV(5»r  the  dear  pur  chafe  of  the  fablers  tail. 
•*  Each  gaudy  bird fome  ftender  tribute  brings ^ 
**  And  lends  the  growing  ittfeSi  proper  *wings. 
*•  Silks  9  of  all  colour  St  mujf  their  aid  impart  t 
••  And  ev^ryfurr  promote  the  fijher*s  art^ 
*^  So  the  gay  lady^  with  expenji^ve  care, 
*•  Borronus  the  pride  of  land y  effea^  of  air  \ 
*•  Furrsy  pearls y  and  plumes^  the  glittering  thing  difple^Sf 
•*  DoKzle  our  eyes,  and eafy  heart t betrays*'* 

Peace 


)l4Ci  ^^  GOMPLBTB    ANCtER*      P^Tt  I^ 

:   Peace  Chloris,  peace^  orjinging  die^ 
That  together  you  and  I 
3*0  heaven  may  go : 
For  all  we  know  , 

Of  what  the  hlejfed  do  ahove 
Is,  that  theyjing,  and  that  they  love^ 

Pifi:  Well  remembered,  brother  Peter,  thcfc 
verfes  came  feafonably,  and  we  thank  you  hear- 
tily. Co^ne,  we  will  all  join  together,  my  hoft 
and  all,  and  ling  my  fcholar's  catch  over  again, 
and  then  each  man  drink  the  other  cup  and  to 
bed,  and  thank  God  we  have  a  dry  houfe  over 
our  heads. 

Pifc.  Well  now,  good  night  to  every  body. 

Pet.  A  nd  (o  fay  I. 

Fen.  And  fo  fay  I. 

Cor.  Good  night  to  you  all,  and  I  thank  you» 

Pifc.  Good-morrow,  brother  Peter^  and  the 
like  to  you,  honeft  Coridon :.  come,  my  hoftefs 
fays  there  is  fcvcn  fliillings  to  pay,  let*s  each 
man  drink  a  pot  for  his  morning's  draught,  and 
lay  down  bis  two  (hillings,  that  fo  my  hode^ 
may  not  haveoccaGon  to  repent  herfelf  of  being 
fo  diligent,  and  ufing  us  fo  kindly. 

Pet.  The  motion  is  liked  by  every  body,  and 
fo,  hoftefs,  here's  your  money  ;  we  anglers  are 
all  beholding  to  you,  it  will  not  be  long  ere  Til 
fee  you  again.  And  now,  brother  Pifcator^  I 
wi(h  you  and  my  brother,  your  fcholar^  a  fair 
day  and  good  fortune.  Come,  Coridon,  this  is 
our  way. 


CII  A  P. 


Cbap.  XVli.  3T&tf  Complete  Angler.  441* 

CHAP.    XVII. 

^  Roach  and  Dace,  and  bow  to  fjh 
for  them  I  and  of  Cadi  s^  . 

Venatoh. 

GOOD  mafter,  as  wc  go  ftow  towards. 
Jjfndon^  be  ftill  fo  courteous  a&  to  give 
me  more  inftruftions,  for  I  have  feveral 
boxes  in  my  memory,  in  which  I  will  keep  thcrh 
ail  very  fafe,  there  fliall  not  one  of  them  be 
loft.    .  . 

Pifc.  Well,  fcholarj  that  I  will,  and  I  will 
hide  nothing  from  you  that  I  can  remember,  and 
can  think  may  help  you  forward  towards  a  per- 
ft^ion  in  this  art  \  and  becaufe  we  have  fO  much 
t)me,  and  I  have  faid  fo  little  of  Roach  and 
Dace,  I  will  give  you  fome  dire^ions  concerning 
them. 

Some  fay  the  Roich  is  fo  called,  from  RuHlus^ 
iKrhich  they  fay  figniges  red  fins :  he  is  a  fi(h  of 
tio  great  reputation  for  his  dainty  tafte,  and  his 
fpawn  is  accounted  much  better  than  any  other 
part  of  him.     And  yon  may  take  notice,  that  as 
i\it  Card  is  accounted  the  water-fox  for  his  cun* 
ning,   fo  the  Roach  is  accounted  the    water- 
flieep  for  hisfimpUcity  or  fooliflinefs.    It  is  noted" 
that  the  Roach  and  Dace  recover  ftrength,  and 
grow  in  feafon  in  a  fortnight  after  fpawhing :  the* 
Barbel  and.  Chub  in  a  month,  the  Trout  in  four^ 
months,  and  the  Salmon  in  the  like  time,  if  ht 
gets  into  the  fea>  and  after  into  frelh  waten 

R  Roaches 


T42        9%  CoKTPEJTE  A»ci;ek%     FaitH 

Roaches  be  accounted  much  better  in  the 
fiver  than  in  ajpond,  though  ponds  ufually  breed 
the  biggeft.  But  there  is  a  kind  of  baftard  fmaU; 
Roach  that  breeds  in  ponds  with  a  v^rjr  forked- 
tail,  and  of  a  very  ftnall  fize,  which  fikne  fay  is- 
bred  by  the  Bl«am  and  right  Roach,  and  fome 
ponds  are  ftored  with  the^  beyond  belief;  and' 
Knowing  men  that  i)lik>W(  ^h^ir  differente,  callr 
thena  R^ids ;  they  differ  from  t\tt  true  Roach,  a9» 
nuch  as  a  Herring  from^  a  fikhard  'r  and  theie^ 
baftard-breed  (^  Rjoac^  are  now  feattered  iit 
iAaAy.river$,.bat  I  think  nor  rn  r^^kmm^  wbictt 
I  believe  ^ords  ^c  largeft  and  fa«eft  in  thir 
natioa^  cfpecially  below  Btm^'iridg^e  ^  z' th^: 
Roach  is  a  leather  mouthed  fiih,  and  has  a  kind 
0f  faw^ike  teeth  in*  his  throat,  i^nd^  laftty,  let: 
me  tell  you,,  the  Roach  make?  an  an^r  excet- 

^  Sknow  not  what  Roaches  are  cangfetRisIow  brid^,  bbtf 
above  I  am  Atrt  they  are  very  larg«,  iiikving  eaagHc  thtm* 
Inhere  of  very  near  two  pounds  weight ;  and  at  Shefiftrt^^ 
amd  Hm^omiu Middbtfijf,  odier*  ha¥f  takmi  dica  nmchi 
keavier. 

The  feafon^  fbr  fflhing  for  Roach,  in  the  T/fuMts  begins* 
abont  the  latter  end  of  Augajf,  and  continues  much  longer 
than  it  is  either  pltafant  or  fafe  to  fiOh    It  >eqiim»  foner 
fittll  to  hit  the  time  of  taking  them  txtCdj ;  for  all  the  fum- 
jner  long  they  live  on  the  weed;  which  they  do  not  forfake^ 
Ibr  the  deeps  till  it  becomes  putrid,  and  that  is  fooner  or 
later,  according  as  the  feaion  it  wet  or  dty  ^  for  yon  are  to ' 
haoWf  that  much  rain  haftens  the  rotting  of  the  weed  :  I 
£iy  it  rehires  fome  kilLta  hit  the  time  ^  fop  tkwr  fi(hermett« 
who  live  in  all  the  towns  along  the  river,  from  Cii/<wsekxs> 
Staines^  are  abont  this  time  nightly  npon  the  watch,  as  (boii<' 
as  the  fi(h>come  out,-  to  fweep  them  away  with' a  drag-net ;/ 
and  our  poor  patient  angler  is  left  baitii^  thie  gioimd,  and^ 
adjufUng  his  tackle,  to  catch  thofe  very  fi&  which,  pefhapt^ 
the  n]£)i(.  before  have  been  carried*  to  tHUngJ^iite. 

fcni 


Chap.  XVlI.  SV  CowpLfte  AwGLiR.  24J 
krit  fport,  fclpeeially  the  gfca  Roaches  about 
tondotty  where  I  think  there  be  the  beft  Roach- 
an^er^  and  I  think  the  beft  Trout-anglers  be 
m  JMi^jl^e,  for  the  waters  there  are  clear  Vf 
Ml  extremit;'. 
Nesn,  lee  ttft'  mil  ;>oo,  70U  &aQ  fi(b  for  thi> 

Roach 


In  winter  with  pn^t  or  gentles,  in  JpHt  with 
worms  or  cadis  j  in  the  very  hot  months  with 
little  white  fnails,  or  with  flies  under  water,  for 
he  feldom  takes  them  at  the  top^  though  the 
Dace  will.  In  many  of  the  hot  months.  Roaches 
may  alfo  be  caught  thus :  take  a.  A£iy-fly,  of 
ant-fly,  Gnk  him  with  a  little  lead  to  the  bottom 
.  near  to  the  piles  or  polls  of  a  bridge,  or  near 
to  any  polVs  of  a  wear,  I  mean  any  deep  place 
whAv  Roaches  lie  qaietiy,  arid  then  pull  your 
Sty  up  very'  leifureVy,  and  ufually  a  Roach  will 
follow  youf  bait  to  the  very  top  of  the  water* 
and  g»eon'ic  there,  and  run  at  it  and  take  it, 
Uft  the  fly  Ihoold  fly  away  from  him. 

R  2  X 


S44  ^te  CowPXBTE  AMdLE'if.  Parth 
I  have  fcen  this  done  at  fVindfor  and  Henltj-' 
bridge^  and  great  ftore  of  Roach  taken,  and 
romecimes  a  Dace  or  Chub-v  and  in  jiuguft  you 
may  6fh  for  them  witb  a  pafle  raade  only  of  the 
crumbs  of  bread,  which  mould  be  of  pure  fines 
oiaachct^  and  that  pafte  muft  be  fo  tempt^ 
betwixt  your  hands,  till  it  be  both  foft  and  tougli 
too  1  a  very  little  water,  and  time  and  labour,* 
and  clean  hands,  will  make  it  a  moft  excellent 
pafte :  but  when  you  fi(h  mth  it,  you  muft  have- 
a  fmall  hook,  a  quick  eye,-,  and  s  nimble  bandy 
or  the  bM  is  loft  and  the  fifh  too^  if  one  m!^ 
lofe  that  which  he  never  had  ;  with  this  pafte, 
you  may,  as  1  faid,  take  bot^  the  Roacby  and 
the  Dace  or  Dare,> 


^r  they  be  much  of  a  kiiid,  in  OKttferof'feediffg& 
cunning,  goodnefs,  and  ufually  in  iize.  Anci 
therefore  take  this  general  direction  for  fome 
other  baits  which  may  concern  you  to  take  no- 
tice  of.  They  will'  bite  almoft  at  any  fly,>  but 
efpeciaUy 


Cterp.lCVtt.  ?2&^  CoMPLtTE  Angxbr.  245 

jefpecially  at  antrfiies ;  coocerriing  which,  take 
this  dire&ion«  for  it  is  very  good. 

Take  the  blackifli  ant  .fly  out  of  the  mole- 
hill or  ant-hill»  in  which  place  you  (hall  find 
them  in  the  month  oL^ftf^^^i  or  if  chat  be  too 
early  in  the  year,  then  dpttbtlefs  you  may  .find 
them  in  y^^^  Jtuguft^  and  moft  of  September ; 
gather  them  aHve  widi  both  their  wings,  and 
then  put  them  into  a  glafs  that  will  hold  a  quart 
or  a  pottle  %  but'firft  put  into  the  glafs  a  handfi/1 
or  more  of  the  moift  earth,  out  of  which  you 
gather  them,  and  as  nnruch  of  ttie  ropts  of  the 
grafs  of  thefaid  hilloc^c,  and  then^iat  in  the  flies 
gently,  that  they  lofe  not  their  wings ;  Jay  a  clo^ 
of  earth  over  it,  and  then  it  roapy  as  are  put 
into  the  jglafs  viathaufbruifing,  wfll  live  there  a 
month  or  more,  and  be  always  in  a  readinefs  for 
you  to  fifh  with  ;  but  if  you  would  have  them 
xeep  longer,  then  get  any  ^eat  earthen  pot,  pr 
barrel  ofthrce  or  four  gallons,  which  is  better ; 
then  wafh  your  barrel  withrwatcr  and  honey,  and 
having  put  into  it  a  qu^iitrty  of  ,eaijh  and  grafs- 
jroots,  thcfi  ptit  in  your  fliei^,  and  cover  i;,  and 
they  willfepe^  quarter  of  a  yeari  thefe  in  any 
ftream  and  clear  ^water,  are  a  deadly  bait  for 
Koach  orDace,  orfcffaChub;  and  your  rule  is, 
to  fifh  not  lefs  than  a  handful  from  tfe  bottom., 

I  (hall  next  teB  you  a  winter-bait  for  a  Roach, 
a  Dace,  or  Chub,  and  it  is  choicely  good.  About 
All'ballowtidey  asd  fo  till  froft  comes,  when  you 
fcc  men  ploughing  up  heath  ground,  or  fandy 
ground,  or  green  (wards,  then  follow  the  plough, 
and  you  (hall  find  a  white  worm  as  big  as  two 
maggots,  and  it  hath  a  red  head ;  you  may  ob- 
forve  in  Avhat  ground  moft  ace,  for  there  tih6 

R  3  crows 


146        ^i^^  CojJLvuzT,z  AngtHr.    Part  I 

^rows  will  be  very  watchful  and  follow  thu 
plough  very  dofc ;  it  is  all  foft,  and  iuU  of 
whitUh  guts :  a  worin  chat  is  in  JSIorfalk^  and  fome 
pcher  counties,  called  a  gi:ub,  and  is  bred  of dhe 
fpawn  or  eggs  of  a  beetle,  which  ih.e  leaves  ix^ 
holes  that  fixe  digs  in  the  ground  under.aoiy  or 
horfe-dung,  and  there  refts  all  winter,  and  i^ 
j^Iarcb  or  April  comts  to  be  firft'a.rc^.  And  then 
a  black  beetle :  gather  a  thouCand  or  two  of.tbefe, 
find  put  them  with  a  peck  or  two  of  their  owp 
parth  into  fome  .tub  or  firkin,  and  cover  and  keep 
Ithcm  fo  warm,  that  the  froft  or  cold  air,  qr 
winds  kill  them  not  i;  thpfc  you  rpay  keep  all 
winter,  and  kill  6J[h  with  thcfm  at  any  time :  and 
|f  you  put  fome  of  them  inp  a  little  earth  and 
honey  a  day  before  you  ufe  them,  you  will  finc^ 
|hem  an  excellent  bait  for  Bream,  Carp,  or  inr 
deed  for  almoft  any  §ih. 

And  after  this  m^nrjer  you  may  alfo  lcce|> 
ccntles  all  winter,  which  are  a  good  i)ait  thc?^ 
and  much  the  bettter  for  being  lively  and  tough; 
or  you  may  breed  and  keep  gei)tles  thu§:  take  4 
piece  of  beaft*s  liver,  and  with  a  crofsftick,  hanj^ 
It  in  fome  corner  oyer  a  pot  pr  barrel,  half  full  oi 
|dry  clay,  and  as  the  gentles  grow  big  they  will 
fall  into  the  barrel  apd  fcour  tbemfelves,  and  be 
always  ready  for  ufe  whenfoever  you  incline  tp 
fiftij  and  thefe  gentles  rpay  be  thus  created  till 
Sifter  Michaelmas.  But  ifyoudefiretokeepgemlc? 
to  fiCb  with  all  the  year,  then  get  a  dead  cat  or 
a  kite,  and  let  it  be  fly-blown,  apd  when  thp 
gentles  begin  td'be  alive  and  to  ftir,  then  bury 
it  and  them  in  fpft  moift  eartl),  but  as  free  fronj 
frolt  as  you  can,  and  thefe  yoa  may  dig  up  at 
^ny  tinie  when  ypu  intgpd  to  ulp  thcip  j  thefe 

wiir 


Chiip.XVII.  ^  Complete  AucxtR.  247 

^\\l  iaft  till  Mardy^  and  about  that  time  turn  tp 
l>e  .flies. 

But  flf  yott  be  nice  to  foul  your  finger^  whicb 
;good  anglers  feldom  are,  then  take  this  bait : 
^t  a  handful  of  well-made  malt,  and  jput  k 
into  a  difli  of  wat^,  and  then  wafli  and  rub  it 
4)etwixt  your  bands  till  you  make  it  clean,  and 
.as  free  from  hufks  as  you  can }  then  put  that  wa-* 
ter  from  it,  and  put  a  fmall  quantity  of  frefii 
water  to  it,  andiet  it  in  fomeching  that  is  fit  for 
rthat  pui;pofe  over  the  fire,  where  it  is  not  to  bo^ 
japacCf  but  leifureiy  ,md  very  ^Toftly,  until  it  be^ 
•come  fomewh/it  fofc,  which  you  may  try  by 
feetingit  betwiict  your. finger  and  thumbs  and 
when  it  is  fofc,  then  put  your  water  from  it,  and 
^hen  tak«  a  Iharp  knife*  and  turning  the  fprout 
^nd  of  the  corn  ^upward,  ivich  the  point  of  your 
^nife  take  the%ack  partoftlie  huft:  off  from  i^ 
and  yet  leaving  a  kind  of  inward  huik  on  the 
corn,  or^dfe  it  is  marr'd,  and  then  cujt  off  that 
grouted  ond,  I  mean  a  littk  of  it,  chat  the 
twhite  noay  appear,  aiid  fo  pull  off  the  huflc  on 
che  cloven  fide,  as  1  dire&ed  you,  and  then 
•cutting  offa  very  little  of  che  other  end,  that  fo 
your  noolf:  .may  en  ter  5  and  if  your  hook  be 
Imall  and  good,  you  will  find  this  to  be  a  very 
choice  bait  either  for  winter  or  fummer,  you 
fometimes  caflnqg  a  little  of  it  into  the  plaoc 
where  your  float  Twims, 

And  to  take  the  Roach  and  JDace,  a  good  bait 
4s  the  young  brood  of  wafps  or  bees,  if  you  dtp 
ithcir  heads  in  blood;  efpccially  good  forfiream^ 
if  they  be  baked  or  hardened  in  thtir  hulks  in  aji 
'Oven,  after  the  bread  is  taken  out  of  it,  or  harden- 
.^  on  a  fire-lbovel  5  and  fo  alfo  is  the  thickjblood 

K  4  ^       jqH 


44.8         STi^^  Complete  Angler.    Parti; 

of  (hecp,  being  half  dried  on  a  trencher,  that 
{o  you  may  cut  it  into  fuch  pieces  as  may  bed  fit 
the  fize  of  your  hook,  and  a  little  fait  keeps  it 
from  growing  blacky  and  makes  it  not  the  worfe 
but  better :  this  is  taken  to  be  a  choice  bait  if 
rightly  ordered. 

There  be  fcveral  oils  of  a  ftrong  fmcll  that  I 
have  been  told  of,  and  to  be  excellent  to  tempt 
fifli  to  bite,  of  which  I  could  fay  much  y  but  I 
remember  I  once  carried  afmall  bottle  from  Sir 
George  Hajiings  to  Sir  Henry  fFotton-,  they  werfc 
both  chemical  meD)  as  a  great  prefent ;  it  was 
fent,  and  received,  and  Xifcd  with  great  con- 
fidence ;  and  yet  upon  enquiry,  I  found  it  did  not 
anfwer  the  expeftation  of  Sir  Henry^  which,  with 
the  help  of  this  and  other  circumftances,  makes 
me  have  little  belief  in  ifuch  things  as  many  men 
talk  of:  npt  but  that  I  think  fifhes  both  fmell 
and  hear,  as  I  have  expreft  in  my  former  dif* 
courfe ;  but  there  is  a  myfterioqs  knack,  which, 
though  it  be  much  cafier  than  the  philofopher*s 
jtone,  yet  it  is  not  attainable  by  common  capaci- 
ties, or  elfe  lies  locked  up  in  the  brain  or  breaft 
bf  fome  chemical  man,  that  like  the  Rq/tcrucf" 
ans  *,  will  not  yet  reveal  it^    8ut  let  me  neverthc- 

*  A  fed  of  frantick  enthufiaHs,  who  fprung  up  in  Gnmanj 
mboQt  the  beginning  of  the  fourteenth  century ;  they  profeA> 
/ed'to  teach  the  art  of  making  gold,  and  bqafted  of  a  fecret, 
in  their  power,  tp  protradl  the  period  of  human  life,  and  even 
to  reftore  youth.  Their  founder  having  been  to  (he  Holj 
Vand^  pretended  to  have  learned  all  this  from  the  Arahu 
They  propagated  their  fenfelefs  philofophy  by  tradition,  and 
revealed  their  myfteries  only  to  a  chofen  few ;  and  to  this 

gra^ce  the  author  alludes.    Iftmery^  in  bi&  bqok  of  Cbemiflry^ 
as  thus  defined  their  art :  '*  Arsfiut  arte  cuius prtKcipium  men- 

ttrh 


Chap.  XVII.  7^^  Complete  Angler;  245! 

lefs  telb  you,  that  camphire  put  with  mofs  into 
your  worm-bag  with  your  worms,  makes  them^ 
if  many  anglers  be  not  very  much  miftaken, 
a  tempting  bait,  and  the  angler  more  fortunate. 
But  I  ftepped  by  chance  into  this  difcourfe  of 
oils  and  fi(he's  fmelling,  and  though  there  might 
be  more  faid,  both  of  it  and^f  baits  for  Roach 
find  Dace,  and  other  float-filh,  yet  I  will  forbear 
it  at  this  time  %  and  tell  you  in  the  next  place 

how 

^'  tirif  medium  lahorart  li  fijus  mindicare,**  An  art  without 
art,  whofe  beginning  is  lying,  whofe  middle  is  labour,  and 
whofe  end  is  beggary. 

•  Roach  delight  in  gravelly  or  fand/  bottoms :  their 
haants,  efpedaiiy  as  winter  approaches,  are  clear,  deep, 
and  dill  waters  ;  at  other  times  they  lie  in  and  near  weeds, 
and  under  the  ihade  of  boughs. 

'  They  fpawn  about  the  latter  end  of  May,  when  they  are 
fcabby  and  ucwholfome,  but  they  are  again  in  order  in 
about  rhreeVeeks ;  the  largeft  are  taken  after  Michaelmaff 
and  their  prime  feafon  is  id  February  or  March. 

The  baits  for  Roach,  not  already  mentioned,  are  cad- 
bait  and  oak-worms  for  the  fpring ;  in  May^  ant's  eggy, 
and  pafte  made  of  the  crombs  of  a  new  roll,  both  white! 
and  ringed  with  red,  which  is  done  by  putting  vermilion 
into  the  water  wherewith  you  moiften  it ;  this  pafte  will  do 
for  -che  winter  al(b. 

The  largeft  Roach  in  this  kingdom  are  taken  in  the 
TBameSt  where  many  have  been  caught  of  two  poundt  and 
a  half  weight ;  but  Roach  of  any  £ze  are  hardly  to  be  come 
ilt  without  a  boat. 

The  haunts  of  Dace  are  gravelly,  fandy,  and  clayey 
l)ottom8 ;  deep  holes  that  are  fiiaded ;  water-1  illy  leaves,  and 
under  the  foam  caufed  by  an  eddy :  in  hot  weather  they  ar# 
to  be  found  on  the  ihallows,  and  are  then  beft  taken  with 
an  artificial  fly,  grafhoppers,  or  gentles,  a^  hereafter  di- 
xe6ted. 

Dace  fpawn  about  the  latter  end  of  Marcb,  and  arc  in 
feafon  about  three  weeks  after  ;  they  are  not  very  good  till 
about  Michaeltnasi  and  are  beft  in  February^ 

Baitt 


Jhow  yosi  *rp  to  prepare  your^tackjing:  oonccm- 
^g  whicA^  I  Will,  for  Iport-ftke,  give  you  an  ol^ 

Bsuts  for  Dace,  btbar  tlian  thofe  tte»€of»ed  %  Walfoif^ 
^re.the  ostk-worm,  red-wonn,  brandling/  ^ih-ta?!,  ^vi 
«iiiked  any  woMD^bped4>n  txeofi  or  bopfties  cbatJsmoCiioo  big 
JfqrhknM^otb:  aimoft.alMdoddqf  flies. and  iQ|it9ff^]Mrs. 

Thpfi^ghD^aeaxe  oftoaxaiigiyt  with^i  ik>aC  asRoadi^  |r«t 
they  are  not  fo  properly  float- fiih ;  for  thcj  are  to  be  ta^en 
vith^n  artificial  gnat,  ur  arrt-ily,  or  indeed,  altnoft  any 
<otbor  foiall  fly  in  its  feaibo ;  but  in  the  Thames^  above  Rich" 
ftnond^  the  largeft  are  caught  wiffa  a  -nataral  green  or  daa 
^i>Uhopper^  iind  .fometiines  •with ,  ^fcntki^  with  Jbotii 
i«^hich.>sOtt.arr.toii(h«  as  withan4uitl£cialfly;  tbey  ase^iot^ 
t>e  come  at  till  about  Sepiemher^  when  the ^Mee^s  begin  tp 
4rot|  but  when  yea  have  found  where  lheryr]jie,  .woucfa  ia 
^  warm  day  1.  r^nerally  on  theihallows,  'lis  incredible  wh ait 
bavock  yoti  ci^v  noake :  pinch  off  theiirfl  joint  of  the  gxal^ 
l)npper's  legs,  put  the  point  of  the  hook  .in  at  the  Jiea<^ 
4»nd  bring  ft  />at  at  the  jtail ;  and  in  this  way  of  £fhing  yos 
4viU  •catch  Chub,  eijpeciMty  if  jou  throw  «ndcr  ^e  boqglia. 

.But  this  can  .be  .done  only  in  a  boat,  for  the^manag^nusnt 
^ivhereof  be|xrovided  «(dth,a Haft,  ax)d aheavy iipnc iaftcpeil 
ps>  a  firing  j-ape  df  /our  or  £ve  yarli^  In  Je^gtR^;  fiaften  the 
fc^  to  tbe  head  of  the  boa^  vdiich,  ^whether  it  he  ^  Mtnft 
ior  a  wherry,  i^  equally  fit  for  this  parpofc;,  and  fo.driv4e 
fdown  with  the  dream:  when  yoa  come  ,to  a  fallow,  or 
lOiher  place  where  the  fiih  are  likely  to  lie,  drop  the  ftooe^ 
and,  ftanding  ki  the^ftern,  throw  rigkt  down  the flream,  anjl 
ai  litde  to  ttie  r^ht  and  left :  after  trying  abont  a  quarter  of 
|io  hour  in  a  place,  with  the  flaffpufh  the.jboat^bput^iv 
5rard£down,  9nd  fo  throw  again.  XJie  a  commcm  fly-Un^ 
about  ten  yards  long,  with  a  ftrong  fingle  hair  next  tli^ 
fiook. 

It  is  true,  there  is  lefs  certainty  of  catching  in  this  w^ 
JChan  with  a  float  and  ground- bait ;  for  which^reafon  I  woul4 
f  ecommend  it  only  to  thofe  who  live  near  the  banks  of  thajt 
delightfnl  river,  between  f^ind/or  and  IJk^QHh^  who  have 
or  can  command  a  boat  for  that  parpofe,  and  can  take  ad* 
vantage  of  a  fti}],  warm,  gloomy  day  ;  and  to  fuch  it  will 
afford  much  more  di^erfion,  than  the  ordinary  inartificial 
xnethcd  of  fiOiing  in  the  deeps  for  Roach  and  l>acer 


Chap.  XVII.  9j&rCo MP  LITE  Anoxer.  a^gt 

rhime  out  of  an  old  fi(h-book,  which  will  prove 
a  part,  and  but  a  part,  pf  what  you  are  to 
provide. 

In  fiihjDg  at  bottom  for  Roach  and  Dace,  nfe  for  ground* 
bait,  bre^d  fbaked  about  an  hour  in  water,  and  an  equal 
quantity  of  bran;  knead  (hem  to  a  tou^h  confidence,  and 
majcc  them  up  into  balls,  with  a  fmall  pebble  in  (j>e  middle, 
and  throw,  thefe  balls  in  where  you  fi(h  ;  but  be  fure  to 
^hrow  them  ,up  the  flream,  for  otherwife  they  will  draw 
the  fifh  beyond  the  reach  of  your  line. 

fifk  for  Roach  within  fix,  and  /or  Pace  within  three 
inches  of  the  bottpm. 

Having  enumerated  tJ\e  baits  proper  for  eytry  Jclnd  of  £ft 
in  their  refpeftive  places,  it  iray  not  be  amifs  here  to  mention 
one,  which  many  authors  fpeak  of  as  excellent  for  almoll; 
aH  fi(h«  and  that  is  the  fpawn  of  Salmon,  or  large  Trout. 
Barkery  who  feems  to  have  been  the  fir  ft  that  difcovered  it, 
recommends  it  to  his  patron  in  the  following  terms : 

*«  Noble  Lord, 


all  my  time;  and  will  take  great  ftore,  and  not  fail,  if 
they  be  there.  Secondly,  It  is  a  (pecial  bait  for  Dace  or 
"  Dare,  good  forChuborBottlin,  or  Grayling.  The  bait 
'  '*  is  the  roc  of  a  Salmon  or  Trout :  if  it  be  a  large  Trout 
**  that  the  fpawns  be  any  thing  great,  you  may  angle  for 
^*  the  Trout  with  this  bait  as  you  angle  with  thebrandlin, 
•''  taking  a  pair  of  fciiTars,  and  cut  fo  much  as  a  large  hafel- 
*'  nut  and  bait  yoqr  hook»  fo  fall  to  your  fport ;  there  ia 
no  doubt  of  pleafnre.  If  I  bad  known  it  but  twenty 
years  ago,  I  wpuld  have  gained  a  hundred  pounds  only 
with  that  bait.  I  am  bound  in  dufy  to  divulge  it  to 
your  honour,  and  i)ot  to  carry  it  to  my  grave  with  me. 
'*  I  do  defire  that  men  of  jquality  fnould  have  it  that  de- 
**  light  in  that  pleafgre.  The  greedy  angler  will  murmur 
f*  at  me,  but  for  that  I  care  not. 

•'  For  the  angling  for  the  Scale-fi(h,  they  mufl  angle 
/•'  either  with  cork  or  quill,  plumming  their  ground,   and 

*•  with 


I 

it 


•« 


•  c 


452        7*^6^  Complete  Angleir.     Parti, 

ik^  rod  and  My  line,  myfloai  and  wy  lead^ 

My  book  and  my  plummet^  my  wbetfione  and  knifes 

^y  bajkety  my  baits  botb  living  and  dead^ 
My  net  and  my  meatj  for  that  is  the  chief: 

S'hen  Imuft  have  thr^ad^  and  hair sgrem  and  fnutU^ 

With  mine  angling  furfe^  andfo  yeu  ban^e  all. 

But 

i 

^  with  feeding  with  the  fame  'bait,  takuig  tbejn  afijoder^ 
**  that  they  may  ijpread  abroad*  that  the  fiih  laay  feed  and 
'**  come  to  your  place:  there  is  no  doobt  of  pleaTarc^ 
angling  with  fine  tackle ;  as  iingle  hair  lines,  at  leaft 
five  t>r 'fix  lengths  long,  a  fmall  hook,  with  two  or  three 
{pawns.  The  bait  will  hold  one  week  ;  if  you  keep  it 
**  on  any  longer,  yon  mufl  hang  it  up  to  dry  a  little : 
^*  when  you  go  to  your  pleafure  again*  pat  the  bait  in  41 
*^  little  water*  it  will  come  in  kiad  agaia«" 

Others*  to  preferve  Salmon-rpawn,-^fprinkIe  it  with  1 
little  fak,  and  lay  it  upon  wool  in  a  pot,  one  layer  of  wool* 
Bnd  another  of  (pawn.  It  ^s  faidto  be  a  lovely  bait  for  the 
«vinter  or  Spring,  efpecially  where  Salmon  .arje  ufed  t9 
^awn*  for  thither  die  filh  gather,  anfi  there  expedt  it. 

jing*  Vade  Mecum^  5|« 

To  know,  at4Uiy  time,  what  hart  filh  areupt  to  take* 
ppen  the  belly  of  the  firft  you  catch*  and  take  oat  his 
fiomacb  very  tenderly;  open  k  wkh  a -(harp  penknife*  and 
you  will  di^o^'er  what  he  then  feeds  on. 

VenMts^  191. 

The  people  who  live  in  the  fifhing-towns  along  the  banks 
of  the  Thames^  have  a  method  of  dreffing  large  Roath  and 
Dace,  which,  as  'tis  faid,  renders  them  a  very  pleafant  and 
iavoury  food  ;  it  is  as  follows  :  Without  fcaling  the  fiih,  lay 
him  on  a  gridiron*  over  a  flow  iitt^  and  ftrew  on  him  a  little 
fiour  ;  when  he  begins  to  grow  brown*  make  a  (lit*  not  more 
ihan  fkin  deep,  in  his  back,  from  head  to  tail,  and  lay  him 
on  again :  when  he  is  broiled  enough*  the  (kin,  fcales  and 
«ll,  will  peel  off,  and  leave  the  fle(h,  which  will  have  be- 
come vtT/  firm,  perfedly  clean  ;  then  open  the  belly,  and 
Cake  out  the  infide*  and  ufe  anchovy  and  batter  for  fauce. 

.Having 


Chapk  XVll.  ^bi  Complete  Anc'LEr.  253 

.  But  you  muft  have  all  thefe  tackling,  and 
Iwice  fo  many  more  *,  wkh  which,  if  you  mcar* 

tOf 

iisiing  promtfti  the  nkier  Mr.  Barkfr*9  recipe  for 
anointing  boots  and  fhoes,  and  having  no  further  occafion 
to  make  afe  of  his  authority,  it  is  here  given  in  his  owi» 
words : 

'*  Take  a  pint  of  linfeed-oil,  with  half  a  pound  of  rout- 
**  ton-fuety  iix  or  eight  ounces  of  bees-wax,  and  half  a 
^  pennjFworth.  of  ro£i ;  boil  all  this  in  a  p»pkin  together  » 
**  fo  let  it  cool  till  it  be  milk-warm ;.  then  take  a  little 
*'  hair-brufli^  and  lay  it  on  your  new  boots  ;  but  it  is  befl* 
**  that  tliis  ftutf  be  laid  en  before  the  boot -maker  makes 
*^  the  boots ;  then  5ra{&  them,  onee  over  after  they  comd 
^  from  him :  as  for  old  boots^  you  muft  lay  it  on  when 
••  your  boots  be  dry.'* 

*  If  you  go  any  great  diftance  from  home,  you  will  find 
it  neceflkry  to  carry  with  you  many  more  things  than  arar 
&ere  enumerated,  moft  of  which  may  be  very  well  contained, 
ip  a  wicker  panier  of  about  twelve  inches  wide,  and  eight 
high,  of  the  form,  and  put  into  a  hawking-bag,  as  in 
Fig.  lo.  Plate  IX.  the  following^  is  a  lift  of  the  nEioft  mate^ 
ri^:  A  rod  with  a  (pare  top;  unes  coiled  up,  and  neatly 
laid  in  round  flat  boxes ;  fpare  links,,  fingle  hairs,  waxed 
thread,  and  filk  ;  plummets  of  various  fia^s,  of  the  forn» 
of  Fig.  1 1 .  Plate  IX.  floats  of  all  kinds,  and  fpare  caps  ^ 
Worm*bag3,  and  a  gentle-box.  Fig.  12.  Plate  IX.  hooka 
of  all  fiaes,i  fome  whipped  to  fingle  hairs ;  (hot,  flioemaker's- 
wax,.in  a  very  ifmall  gallipot  covered  with  a  bit  of  leather  ; 
a  clearing-  sing,  tied  to  about  (Ix  yards  of  Urong  cord,  pf  the 
ihapeof  Fig.  13.  Plate  IX.  the  ufe  of  this  is  t6  difengage 
your  hook  when  it  has  caught  a  weed,  gfr.  in  which  cafe 
take  off*  the  butt  of  your  rod  and  flip  the  ring  over  the  remain- 
ing joints,  and,  holding  it  by  the  cord,  let  it^ently  fall  ^ 
a  landing-net,  the  hoop  whereof  muH  be  of  iron,  and  made 
with  joints  to  fold,  in  the  (hape  of  Fig..  14.  Pilate  IX.  andf 
a  focket  tohold  a  llafF,  Fig.  15.  Take  with  you  alfo  fuch 
baits  as  you  intend  to  ufe.  That  you  may  keep  your  fi(h 
alive,,  be  provided  with  a  fmall  hoop-net,  to  draw  clofe  ta 
the  top,  and  never  be  without  a  iharp  knife  and  a  pair  of 

(biilarsr; 


254        57>r  CaKiPLETjr  Akglbr;    Part!; 

L    j^      to  be  a  firtiCr,  yotx  maflr  ftore 

'J^LiiZ'ilt  yojrfehf ;  and  tothat  jHirpofe  1 

htintriTudatffly     Will  gO  With  yOU  Clthcf   tO   Mn 

fouitds  in  the  in-  Margrove^  who  dwells  amongft 
n^t^orf^^^'  the  bookfeH^rs*  iit  Sr.  P^fs 
^^*  Churth-yard,    of  to  Mr.  >fti 

Stuhs^  near  to  the  ^zc^tf/i  in  Golicn-larit  \  they  be 

both 

feifikrs ;  and,  if  yotf  iri«iif  td  nfe  tlte  af difeiisr  ffy,  hMve 
)four  f?y-book  alW^y?  witlfr  yoa. 

And,  for  the  mofe  conv«fnieiit  kee^in|^  and'  carnage'  of* 
lines,  titrks,  iingf e  Iraits,  l£c,  tAt  x  piece  of  p«ifclMiDtn£ 
0t  vdlum,  fcvcn  inches  by  ten;  cin  the  longer  ftdrt  fet  otf 
four  inches,  and  then*  fold'  ir  crofi-wife,  fo  as  tc^  leave*  a  flaj^ 
of  two  inches,  of  which  hereafter ;  then  take  eight  or  ten 
piece)  of  parchment,  of  fevren  incheaby  four,  pur thenr  into 
the  parchment  or  vellum,  fb  folded,  and^few  op- the  ends; 
their  cut  the  flap  roandin^,  atid  fold'  it  down  like  a*  pocSeN 
book :  laltly,  you  may,  if  yOa  pleafe,  bind'  tie  ends*  an^ 
fbund  the  ffap  with  red  tape. 

Into  this  cafe'  put  liries,  coifed'  op,  fpare  links,  £ngU 
hiairs,  hookf  ready  whipped  and  looped.  -' 

And  having  feverai'of  thefe  ca(es^  you  may  fill  them  whfif 
lines,  &c.  proper  for  every  kind  of  fiihing';  always  rt^- 
memfoering;  to  out  intd  each  of  them  a  gorger,  or  fmalP 
piece  of  cane,  of  five' inches  long,  and  a  quarter  of  an  incfaf 
wide,  with  a  notch  at  each  end ;  witit  thh,  wfien  a  Hfh  kaea" 
^yged  yo\ir  hook,  yotf  may,  by  putting  it  down  his  thit>a^ 
till  you'  f^eh  the  hook,  and  holding  theane  tight  while  yocr 
preis  it  dowii,  eafily  disengage  iti 

And  if  you  Ihould  chance  to  break  yout  tbp,  or  any  otber 
partof  your  rod,  take  the  following  direfiions  for  mend- 
iifg  it :  Cat  de  two  broken  ends  with  a  long  flope,  fo  that 
thev  fit  neatly  together ;  then  fpread  fome  wax  very  thttr  on 
eacn  flope,  anti,  with  waj^ed  thread  or  filk,  according  at 
the  fize  of  the  broken  part  requires*,  bind  them  very  neatl/ 
together :  to  faftfcn  ofP,  lay  the  fore-  finger  of  your  I^-  hamf 
oyer  the  binding,  and,  with  your  right,  ma!t^  four  tarns'of 
the  thread  over  it;  then  pafs  the  end  of  yoar  thread  betwee«r 

the 


botfr  honed*  men,  and  wilt  fit  aa*  angler  mth 
what  tackling  be  kicks^  *. 

Venar. 

tBe  ander-iida  of  yoiR'  Alger  txti  At  roi^  tnd)  d«v^  3ro«r 
fagiBraway  f  laftlyv  with  the  fbre*fi»ger  aod'tb&fifb  of  ypar 
rfght-hand,  take  hold  of  the  iKrft  of  tha  turrhs,  atrd  gathering; 
ascmoGh  of  it  as  jpd  can,  biad  oa  till  the  lYixee  remainiog* 
Itmis  are  wooad  oiF»  and  thea  take  hoU  of  tk^er>dy  v^hich 

Shed  lielbre  pitt  thioagh^  and  draw  dofe.    Seeiike  worfe 
»  X.  Figt  1 9  a.- 

For  wiiippiag^on  a  beok  take  the  followiitg  dfreftioiis  r 
Place  the  hook  betwixt  the  fore-ikigitfr  and  thomb  of  yoar' 
teft-hand,  aiid>  with  yoar  right,  givtr  the  wadced  iitk' three  o#^ 
ftiiF  tayns  rowid  the  fliaok  of  the  htook :  dien  lay  the  end- 
of  ^e  hair  oi^th^itaft^e  of  the  fluAk,^  a«d,  with  yoisr  right- 
haodr  whip  down^  as  in  Fig.  3.  ^late  X.  when  you*  are 
within  al)OiK  foar  tor ns  of  the  bent  of  the  hook,  takt  the* 
ftank  between  the  fore-fin;g;er  and  thuiAbof  your  leftl-haod^ 
and  place flbt  end  of  the  Uk  cWi  by  it>  htoldifig  then  botb 
light,  aord  leavtne;  the  ead  tohang.d^wfff  then  -draw  ther 
other  pai>t  of  the  nik  into  a  large  loop,  and,  with  yoar  right* 
land  turning;  backwards;  aa  m  Fig.  4.  Plate  X.  conti'ntt^ 
i^t  whippings  for  foirr  tarns',  and  draw  the  end  of  the  fiik,, 
tt^hkh  has  alli  this  whili^  hang  dowft  uadbr  the  root  of  yoor 
Kfc'tbqmb,  cfole,r  and  twitd^  it  oC 

To  tie  a/ water-knot,  lay  the  end  of  one  of  yoar  Jiairs 
about  five  inches  or  }ers,.orer  that  of  the'other,.  and  tlffOogh^ 
the  loopv  whieh  you  would  itiake  tO'tr»tkem  iiv  thie  odintmoni 
way,  pafs  th&  loi^and  the  (hart  end  of  the  hairsy'whicli' 
will  He  to  tbr  right  •f  tlie  loop,  twice,,  and  wetting  the 
knot  with  your  tongue,  draw  it  clofe,  and  cut  o^the  fpare 
lair.     See  Ffg.  5.  Plate  SL 

*  In*  ibmcf  f6rnler  editions  of  this^  book* the  author  has,,  in 
this  place,  mentioned  CharUs  Kirby  as  a  maker  of  excelkat 
hooka;  of  v^boK-  take  tho ibllowiog. aceottnt :.  He  was  fa^ 
noas  for  the- iKjatnefs  and  form  of  his  hooks,  when  bein^ 
kith}dacQd  tO(  prince  Rupm^  whofe  name  frequently  occurs 
iff  the  kil!o8y  of  king  Cbarks  the  Firft's  reigo,  the  prince 
coiAiiLOfncated  to  him  a  niethod  of  temperii^g.tiiein,  whiclk 
haar  beencofttintted  ia  the  faintly  to  this  time;  there  being 
a  lineal  defendant  of  the  above^nam^d  Chafki  K^rhy  now 

living 


456       'The  Complete  ANGLERi    Partl*^ 

»  VenaL  Then*  good  mafter,  let  it  be  at  — ^-^ 
K  for  he  is  neareft  to  my  dwelling,  ^nd  J 

pray  kt*s  meet  there  the  ninth  of  May  next,N 
about  two  of  the  clock,  and  FU  want  nothing 
that  a  fiflier  Ihduld  be  furnifhed  with. 

Pifc.  Well,  and  I'll  not  fail  you^  God  v/illing} 
at  the  cime  and  place  appointed. 

Venai.  1  thank  you,  good  maftcr,  and  I  will 
not  fail  you :  and,  good  matter,  tell  me  what 
baits  more  you  remember,  for  it  will  not  novcf. 
be  long  ere  we  (ball  be  at  Tdttenbatnhigb'Crdfs^ 
and  when  we  come  thither  I  will  make  you  fome 
requital  of  your  pains,  by  repeating  as  choice  a 
copy  of  verfes,  as  any  we  have  heard  fince  wc 
tnet  together  j  and  that  is  a  proud  word,  for  wc 
have  heard  very  good  ones. 

Pifc.  Well,  fcholar,  and  I  fliall  be  then  right 
glad  to  hear  them  -,  and  I  will  as  we  walk,  tell 
you  whatfocver  comes  in  my  mind,  that  I  think, 
may  be  worth  your  hearing.  You  may  make 
another  choice  bait  thus  ^  take  a  handful  or  two 
of  the  bed  and  biggeft  wheat  you  can  get,  boit 
it  in  a  little  milk,  luce  as  frumity  is  boiled ;  boil 
it  fo  till  it  be  foft»  and  then  fry  it  very  leifurely 
with  honey  and  a  little  beaten  fafiron  diflblved 
in  milk,  and  you  will  find  this  a  choice  bait,  and 
good  I  think  for  any  fi(b,  efpecially  for  Roach^ 
Dace,  Chub,  or  Grayling :  I  know  not  but  that 

living  in  Crowther*S'ivelUaltej^  near  Aldtrfpai^ftreet ;  wbofe 

liooks,  for  thetr  ihape  and  temper,  exceed  all  others.    This 

ftory  is  the  more  likely  to  be  true,  aa  it  is  well  known  that 

the  German  nobility,  in  the  laft  centnty,  were  much  addided 

to  chemiftry ;  and  that  to  this  prince  Rupitt  the  world  is 

indebted  for  the  invention  of  fcraping  in  mezzotinto.     See 

a  head  of  his  fcraping  in  Eveijn*$  Sculfatrm* 

• 
It 


Chap.XVIL  The  Complete  Angler.    257 

it  may  be  as  good  for  a  river  Carp,  and  efpeciall/ 
if  the  ground  be  a  lie  tie  baited  with  it. 

And  you  may  alfo  note,  that  the  fpawn  of 
moft  fiQi  is  a  very  tempting  bait,  being  a  little 
hardened  on  a  warm  tile,  and  cut  into  fit  pieces  *• 
Nay,  mulberries,  and  thofe  black-berries  which 
grow  upon  briers,  be  good  baits  for  Chubs  or 
Carps ;  with  thefe  many  have  been  taken  in  ponds^ 
and  in  fome  rivers  where  fuch  trees  have  grown 
near  the  water,  and  the  fruits  cuftomarily  dropc 
into  it  \  and  there  be  a  hundred  other  baits  more 
than  can  be  well  named,  which,  by  conftant 
baiting  the  water,  will  become  a  tempting  baic 
for  any  fi(h  in  it. 

You  are  alfo  to  know,  that  there  be  divers 
kinds  of  cadis,  or  cafe-worms,  that  are  to  be 
found  in  this  nation,  in  feveral  diftinft  counties, 
and  in  feveral  little  brooks  that  relate  to  bigger 
rivers ;  as  namely,  one  cadis  called  a  piper, 
whofe  hufk  or  cafe  is  a  piece  of  reed  about  an 
inch  long  or  longer,  and  as  big  about  as  the  com- 
pafs  of  a  twopence  i  thefe  worms  being  kept 
three  or  four  days  in  a  woollen  bag  with  fand  at 
the  bottom  of  it,  and  the  bag  wet  once  a  day, 
will  in  three  or  four  days  turn  to  be  yellow;  and 
thefe  be  a  choice  bait  for  the  Chub  or  Chavender, 
or  indeed  for  any  great  Bib,  for  it  is  a  large  bait. 

There  is  alfo  a  leflcr  cadis- worm,  called  a 
cock-fpur,  being  in  fafhion  like  the  fpur  of  a 
cock,  (harp  at  one  end,  and  the  cafe  or  houfe 
in  which  this  dwells  is  made  of  fmall  huiks,  and 
gravel,  and  (lime,  moft  curioufly  made  of  thefe, 
even  fo  as  to  be  wondered  at,  but  not  to  be  made 
by  man  no  more  than  a  king-fi(her's  neft  can^ 

*  Sec  the  note  m  page  151. 

S  which 


15^         ^^  CaKPtiTB  ANcriBitr    IWtX 

i;vhich  is  made  of  little  fifties  bones,  and  have 
ittch  a  geometrical  interweaving  and  connef^ton, 
as  the  like  i^  not  to  be  done  by  the  art  of  man : 
this  kind  of  cadis  is  a  choice  bait  for  zny  ftoai;- fifty 
it  is  much  lets  than  the  piper- cadrs,  and  to  be  lb 
ordered  ;  and  thefe  may  be  preferved  ten,  fif- 
teen, or  twenty  days,  or  it  may  be  longer  *• 
'  There  is  alfo  another  cadis,  called  by  feme  s 
ftraw-worm,.  and  by  fome  a  tufi^-coat,  whofe 
houfe  or  cafe  h  made  of  little  pieces  of  bents, 
and  ruthes,  and  ft  raws,  and  water- weeds,  and! 
know  not  what,  which  are  fo  knit  together  with; 
condenied  (lime,  that  they  ftick  about  her  hufk 
or  cafe,  not  Unlike  the  briftles  of  a  hedge-hog ;. 
thefe  three  cadis's  are  commonly  taken  in  the 
beginning  of  fumtner,  and  are  good  indeed  ta 
take  any  kind  of  fi{h  with  float  or  othevwife.  I 
might  tell  you  of  many  more,  which  as  thefe 
do  early,  fo  thofc  have  thcirtime  alfo  of  turning: 
lo  be  files  kter  in  fiimmer ;  but  1  might  lofe 
my  felf,  and  tire  you  by  fuch  a  difcourfe  v  I  ft^^U 
therefore  but  remember  you,  that  to  know  thefe 
and  their  feveral  kinds,  and  tawhat  flics  evcrjr 
particular  cadis  turns^  and  then  how  to- ufe  thenar 

*  To^  pr»(«rye  eadR»,  gralhoppers, /eacerpillarsy  oak*- 
wortasy  or  natural  Aits,  the  IbUowiog  is  an  eaecellent  mer 
tiiod  :•  Cat  a  round  bough  of  fiae  green- barked  withy*., 
about  the  thickoefs  of  half  one's  am,  and  taking  off  th^ 
bark  about  a  fbot  rn  length,  mm  both  ends  tog'ither,  into* 
tlie  form  of  ao  hoop»  and  faften  them  widi  a  paok-needlr 
and  thread ;  then  ftop  ap  the  bottom  with  a  boog-cork  ; 
into  this  pot  your  traits,  tie  it  over  with  a  colewort-lea(> 
and,  with  a  red-hot  wire,  bore  the  bark  full  of  holes,  fee 
Flate  X.  Fig.  ^.  and  Hf  it  in  the  grafs  e^rery  night ;  m 
this  ooanner  cadk  may  be  kept  tilt  they  tvrn  to  Aies.  T» 
grafhoppers  yoi»  may  put  g^^fs. 

firft 


thap. ^Vii.  Tie  Comp^lete  -^nojler.  ii^^ 

£r(t  as  they  be  c^dis^  ^nd  after  as  they  be  flies» 
is  an  art;^  and  an  art  that  every  one  that  profefTes 
to  be  ap  angler  has  not  leifure  to  fearch  after^ 
apd  if  he  had  is  hot  capable  of  learning  *. 

*^  rii 

• 

^Thefeveral  forts  of  pbryganea,  oi-  ca^ews^  in  theiir 

iiyinphay  or  ihaggot  ftate,  thus  houfe  themfelves ;  one  fort 

in  ftrav^Si  calfed  from  thence  ftraw<>'worms;  otheFs  in  two. 

6r  more  flicks,  laid  paraUel  to  one  another,  creeping  at  the 

bottom  C(  l^rooks  i  others^  with  a  fmall  bundle  of  pieces  of 

raflies,  duck-weed^  flicks,  ^r.  glued  together,  wherewith 

they  float  on  the  top,  and  can  row  themfelves  therein  abotlt 

the  waters,  with  the  help  of  their  feet:  both  theie  are  called 

^        ead-balc.    Divers  forts  there  are,  which  the  reader  may  fet 

a  fummary  of,  from  Mr.  fTiUoughfy^  in  Rati  Method.  JnfiBl 

p.  12.  together  with  a  good,  thoagh  very  brief  defcriptioil 

of  the  papilionaceous  fly,  thai  tomes  from  the  cad-bait 

tisdew.     It  is  a  notable  architedlonick  faculty,  which  ail 

the  variety  of  thefe. animals  have,  to  gather  foch  bodies  as  zxt 

fitteft  for  their  purpofe^  and  then  to  glue  them  together  1 

foroe  to  be  heavier  than  waten  that  the  animal  may  re^ 

ftain  at  bottom,  where  its  food  is  ;  (for  which  purpofe  they 

iffe  ftones,  together  with  (licks,  rufheS)  Sc.^)  and  fome  to  MS 

lighter  than  water,  to  float  on  the  to|),  and  gather  its  food 

from  thence^    Thefe  little  houfes  look  coarfe,  and  fliew  nti 

great  artifice  outwardly  ;  but  Are  well  tunneUed>  and  mad^ 

within  with  a  hard  tough  pallet  into  which,  the  kinder  parr 

of  the  maggot  is  fo  fixed  that  it  tan  draw  its  cell  after  it 

Hay  where,  withbut  danger  of  leaving  h  behind^  as  aHb 

thruft  its  body  to  reach  wl^at  it  want£;ch,  orwhhdraw'it 

into  its  cell  to  guard  it  againft  harms,     ^hyf.  fhe^l.  234. 

Thus  much  of  cadis  in  general,  as  an  ill uft ration  of  ^^hzt 
^ur  author  has  faid  on  that  fabjed ;  but  to  be  more  parti'^ 
•ealar.  ^ 

That  which  Walteit  ea!h  the  pipef^cadti;  t  hava.nevit 
'leen ;  bdt  a  very  learned  fiiid  ingenious  friend  of  mine,  who 
'has,  for  £fty  years  pad,  been  an  angler,  and  a  curioua  ob& 
Terver  of  aquatick  produAions,  has  furnifhed  me  with  ah 
ikreouat  of  that  infea ;  which  1  ftall  give  the  i^eader  In 

fiearly  his  own  wo^s ! 

.•   ••.*.  • 


a6o        the  Complete  Angler;     PartL 

ril  tcU  youy  fcholar,  feveral  countries  have 
feveral  kisfds  of  Cadiz's,  that  indeed  differ  as 
much  as  dogs  do :  that  Is  to  fay,  as  much  as  a 
very  cur  and  a  greyhound  do.  Thefe  be  ufii- 
ally  bred  in  the  very  little  rills  or  ditches  that 

run 

*^  The  j^ipo'-eadis  I  tdkt  to  be  tBe  tnrgttt  of  tBe  tribe, 
**  a&d  that  it  takes  its  name  not  fromanyiound,  but  figure* 
**  I  never  met  with  it  but  in  rivers  running  upon  beds  of 
**  lime-ftone,  or  large  pebbles ;  they  are  common  in  Nor- 
'*  thern  and  lt^£lcjk  Sreams.    The  cadew  itfitlf  is  abopt  an 
**  inch  loftg,  and  in  fbme  above.    The  cafe  is  ftrait  and 
*'  rotf  h,  the  outward  furface  covered  with  gravel  or  fand  ^ 
^*  the  fiftula,  or  pipe,  in  which  it  is  contained,  feems  to  be 
**  a  fmair  ftick,  of  which  the  pith  was  quite  decayed,  before 
<*  the  inied,  in  its  ftate  immediately  fucceeding  the  egg, 
**  lodged  itfelf.    Advanced  to  an  aurelia,  which  is  gene- 
**  rally  in  ^/ri/,  or  the  beginning  of  il^,  it  leaves  its.cafe 
/*  and  laH  covering,  a  fort  of  thin  &in,.  vefembling  a  filh*s 
<*  bladder  (and  this  is  likewife  the  method  of  the  whole 
**  genus,  as  far  as  1  could  ever  obferve)  and  immediately 
<*  paddles  upon  the  top  of  the  water  with  its  many  legs. 
'<  It  feldom  flies,  though  it  has  four  wings  ;  and  of  the(e 
*'  wings  it  is  to  be  obferved,  that  in  the  infant- date  of  the 
^*  infed,  .fviz.  for  a  week  or  longer,  they  are  (horter  thaa 
^  the  body,  but  afterwards  they  grow  to  be  full  as  long  or 
^*  longer  :  this  is  ufuall-y  called  by  fportfmen  the  ftone^Hy  i, 
"  in  ^ales  they  name  it  the  water-cricket  ^  the  iize  and 
«  colour  being  like  that  infe^" 

As  to  tKe  cock-fpur,  Bewlker  expreily  fays,  in  hia  Art  of 

Jnglaigr  p>  70-  that  it  produces  the  May-fly,  or  yellow-ca- 

-  dew  ;  which  I  have  ever  underflood  to  be  the  green-drake* 

That  which  Walton  calls  the  lira w- worm,  or  rufF-coat, 
though,  by  the  way,  he  certainly  errs  in  making  thefe  terms 
fynonimou»»  as  wiH  hereafter  be  madis  to  appear,  and  whick 
•  is  dclcribed  in  ^^z^^s  M^thoJus  Infi^ierum^  p.  1  a.  is,  I  take  ic» 
:  the  moft  common  of  aoy/and  is  found  in  the  riverCo/fff,.  near 
JJxbridgt ;.  the  A^ifoi;  Ri*v$r^  near  London  ;  the  Wdndltr  which 
runs  through  Carjhalton  in  Sutpy, ;  and  in  mpft  other  rivera. 
Two  of  this  fpecies  of  infe£ls,  drawn  from  nature,,  are  givea 
Plate  XI»  Fig.  4  and  5  •  anil  Fig.  6.  i&  i^e  ap peaiaace  of  the 

cadk 


Cliap.XVIL  TJtf  Complete  Angler;    25r 

run  into  bigger  rivers,  and  I  chink  a  more  pro- 

Ecr  bait  for  thofc  very  rivers  than  any  other.     I 
now  not  how  or  of  what  this  cadis  receives  life, ' 
or  what  coloured  fly  it  turns  to ;  but  doubtlefs, 
they  are  rhe  death  of  many  Trouts,  and  this  is 
one  killing  way. 

Take 

cadis  wlien  pulled  oat  oTlts  caie.  As  to  the  ftraw-worait 
I  am  aflui:ed,  bv  my  friend  above-mentioned,  that  it  pooducet 
many  and  vanous  iitSf  namely*  that  which  is  called  about 
London  the  withy4Iy»  afli«coloared  duns,  of  feveral  (hapes 
and  dimen£onst  as  alfo  light  and  dark  browns ;  all  Oif 
<bem  affording  great  diveffion  in  Northern  ftreami • 

ft  now  remains  to  %eak  <]f  4ihe  ruff  coat,  which  (eems  ts 
anfwer  fo  nearly  to  the  defcription  which  W^alton  has  given 
ttf  the  cock-fpor»  *vm.  that  **  the  cafe  or  hoafe  in  which  it 
^'  dwells,  is  made  of  fmall  hufks,  and  gravd  andilime,  moft 
^  curiooily  ;*'  that  there  is  no  accounting  for  hns  makin^g 
the  term  fynonimous  with  that  of  the  draw -worm,  which  it 
does  not  ut.theleaftxe&mble;  and  yet  that  the  ruff-coat 
and  2|be  cock-fpur  :prodttce  different  flies,  notwIthHandinj^ 
thttr  ieeming  refemblance,  muft  be  taken  for  granted,  un- 
less we  will  rejeA  Bowlder's  authority,  when  he  fays  the 
tiock-fpur  produces  the  May -Ay,  or  yellow  xadew ;  which^ 
i  own,  I  iee  no  reafon  to  4o. 

B«t,  that  I  may  nc^  mtflead  the  reader,  I  mnft  inforna 
hioh  that  I  take  the  ruff-coat  to  be  a  fpedes  of  cadis  in* 
clofed  in  a  hnik  about  an  inch  long,  fnrronnded  by  bits  of 
^one,  flints,  bits  of  tile,  isfc.  very  near  equal  in  their  iizesi^ 
4ittd  moft  cttriooSf  compacted  together  like  mofaick* 

In  the  month  of  May  1759^  I  took  one  of  the  infers  laft 
above  defcribed,  which  had  been  found  in  the  rvftr  fF^ndle 
in  $nrry.9  and  pat  it  into  a  fmall  box,  with  fand  at  the  bot<* 
torn,  and  wetted  it  five  or  fix  times  a  day,  for  two  days ;  at 
the  end  whereof,  to  my  great  amazement,  it  produced  a 
lovely  large  fly,  nearl^y  of  the  (hape  0^  but  lefs  than  a  com- 
4Siion  white  butterfly,  with  two  pair  of  cloak  wings,  and  of  a 
light  cinnamon-colour :  the  figure  of  the  hulk,  and  alfo  of 
<the  fly,  in  two  pofitions,  is  given  in  t^Iate  XI.  Fig«  i#  2,  > 
This  fly,  upon  enquiry,  I. find  is  called,  in  the  North,  the 
iarge  l(ght  l^rowB  i  in  JrMandt  and  fome  other  places,  it 

S  J  jiaa 


Takeooe,  or  more  if  need  be,,  of  thefe  large 
yellow  cadis,  pull  off  hU  head,  and  with  ic  puU 
out  his  black  gut,  put  the  body,  as  little  bruirecl 
a8  ijs  po^ible,  on  a  very  little  hook,,  armed  on 
with  a  red  hair,  which  will  (^ew  lil^e.the  cadis-^ 
headt  and  a  very  little  thin  lead,  fo  put  upon' 
the  (hank  of  the  hook  that  it  may  (ink  prefently  \ 
throw  this  bait  thus  ordered,  which  will  look  - 
very  yellow,  into  any  great  ftilj  hole  wterc  ^. 
Tfopt  is,  and  he  will  prefently  venture  his^  life 
for  it,  ^tis  not  to  be  (doubted,  if  you  brf  tiot 
efpied ;  and  that  the  b^it  firft  touch  the  water^ 
before  the  line^  and  phis  wili  do  beft  in  the 
|3eepeft  ftilleft  watcr^ 

Next  let  me  tell  yoU,  I  have  been  much  pleafecf 
to  walk  quietly  by  ^  broolc  wjtb  a  little  ftick  \t\ 

las  the  name  of  the  flan1(^-c6lbared' bubwo :«  and  the  me* 
thbd  of  making  it,  is  given  in  the  additipnal  lift  of  fiks  §a^ 
f ^timber ;  where,  from  its  fikieH,  the  mA^t  will  £ad  it 
Called  the  large  foetid  light  browt). 

And  Aerie  are  inany  other  kinds  of  the(b  wonderfiil  erea? 
lures,  as  may  be  feen  in  Monf.  fte  Resumut^v  hhmires  fbi^ 
/emfif  a  Vfiiftoire  dts  InJtB^s^  T&me  llh  from  Which,  fat  the 
reader's  greater  fatisfa<lioi»,  the  figures  7,  ^^  9*  low  x^ 
iPlate  XI.  are  accurately  delineated. 

It  i^  greatly  to  be  wifhed,  that  nbnehad  undiBTtakeii  tQ 
y^rite  on  this  fubjedl  of  a()uatitk  iiatsQCSi  but  men  ceoverft^ 
}n  the  (ludy  of  natural  fiiflory  ;  as  £tfv^  ^Shrbiprry  S^witm- 
mrJam,  Reaumur 9  and  others  were;  Uie  confe<|t»nce  of 
'lyhich  would  have  been,  that  thefe  ereatareft  would  ita^e  bad 
liaip^^  affigned  them  which  would  atonce  hat|r«hrar»ftenzed 
them,  and  kept  the  feveral  fpecks  diftiM  fit>iil  e«ch  other; 
whereas  ];he  feyeral  illiberal  terms  pf  cadis,  oadew,  cbd-beit^ 
cad-bait^  c^fe-|9^prm,  and  cod- worm,  each  of  whrdi,  in  fom)^ 
places,  means  two  pp  ^hree,  and  in  others,  all  the  differeiit 
^3rls  6f  thel'p  creatures  yet  known,  has  bjE^eto-^roduiSiveef 
ipextficabfe  colifufion,  and  jyill,  I  fear,  oblige  us  to  confider 
their  hiftorv  as  among  the  defiderata  of  this  curious  art. 

•  my . 


C3iap.  XVIL  SS5^  Coripletje  Ai^gieh.    263 

my  hand,  with  which  I  niight  eafily  take  thefe, 
and  confider  the  curiofity  of  their  compofure  i 
and  if  you  fliall  ever  like  to  do  fo,  then  note, 
that  your  Hick  muft  fee  a  little  hafel  or  willow, 
cleft,  or  have  a  nick  at  one  end  of  it;  by  which 
means,  vou  may  with  «a(e  take  many  of  them  in 
that  nick  out  of  the  water,  before  you  have  any 
occafion  to  ufc  them,  Thefe,  my  honcft  fcholar, 
are  fome  obfervatioos  told  to  you  as  they  now 
come  fuddenly  into  my  memory,  of  which  ycMi 
may  make  fome  ufe :  but  for  the  praftical  part. 
It  15  that  that  makes  an  as)g^r:  it  is  diligence, 
and  ohiervarion,  and  pradUce,^  and  an  ambition 
to  be  the  bed:  in  the  art  that  muft  do  it  *.     i 

will 

*  Tlve  anthor  lias  now  dtme  dercfiblng  dip  feyeral  kinds 
of  fifti^  excepting  die  few  little  one^  that  follow,  with  the 
difieinrt  diethods  of  taking  them,,  but  has  faid  little  or 
ftotbifig  of  float-fi(hingi  it  may  therefofe  not  beamifs  here 
to  lay  dfMvn  ibmc  rules  about  it« 

Let  tiie  rod  be  light  and  ftrfF,  and  withal  fo  (mart  in  the 
Ipringv  «B  to  ftrike  Mt  the  tip  of  the  whalebone :  from  four- 
teen to  fifteen  feet  is  a  good  lengths 

In  places  where  yon  ibmetimes  meet  with  Barbel,  as  at 
SkMirim  wad  HMftmt^  in  Ms4dkf^»  the  iitteil  line  is  one 
of  ikx  or  ieven  h^irs  at  top  ;  and  fq  dimini'&ing  for  two 
yards,  l«t  tke  left  be  ftrong  iW/^^-grafs,  to  within  about 
half  a  yard  of  the  hook,  which  ma^  be  whipped  to  a  fine 
graft  Or  filfe-wonn  gvc;  and  diis  line  will  kill  a  £fli  of  fix 
pounds  weight. 

'  But  for  hMJC  Hoach  and  Daoe-fi&ing,  accuftom  yonrfelf 
to  a  fingle-hair  line,  with  which  an  artift  may  Jdll  a  filk 
of  a  pound  and  a  half  weight* 

'  For  your  float,  in  flow  ftreaan^,  a  ^eat  round  gooie- 
^oill  is  proper,  bat  for  deep  or  rapid  rivers,  or  in  an  eddy« 
the  cork,  fliaped  like  a  pear,  is  indifpatably  the  beft ;  whidi 
4i0ttld  not,  in  general,  exceed  the  flze  of  a  nutmeg ;  let  not 
^he-^aiU*.  which  yoo  f  ut  thrqngh  it,  bt  more  than  half  aa 

S  4  iacb 


264        The  Complete  Angler!      Parti. 

will  tell  you^  fcholar,  I  once  heard  one  fay,  "  I 
*'  envy  not  him  that  cats  better  meat  than  I  do, 
**  nor  him  that  is  richer,  or  that  wears  better 
•'  clothes  than  I  do ;  I  envy  no  body  bat  him, 
*'  and  him  only,  that  catches  more  fi(h  than  I 
•'  do."  And  fuch  a  man  is  like  to  prove  an 
angler,  and  this  noble  emulation  I  wilh  to  you 
and  all  young  anglers. 

inch  above  and  below  the  cork ;  and  this  float,  though  (bme 
prefer  a  fwan's- quill,  has  great  advantage  over  a  bare  quill ; 
lor  the  quill  being  defended  froni  the  water  by  the  cork, 
does  not  foften,  and  the  cork  enables  you  to  lead  your  line 
fo  heavily,  as  that  the  hook  fmks  almoft  as  foon  as  you  put  it 
into  the  water;  whereas,  when  you  lead  but  lightly,  it  does 
not  get  to  the  bottom  till  it  is  near  the  end  of  your  fwim. 
See  the  form  of  the  float,  Plate  IX.  Fig.  i6.  and,  in  leading 
your  lines,  be  careful  to.balance  them  (0  nicely,  that  a  very 
(mail  touch  will  fink. them;  fome  ufe  for  this  purpofe  lead 
ihaped  like  a  barley-corn,  but  there  is  nothing  better  to  lead 
with  than  (hot,  which  yoii  mufl  have  ready  cleft  always  with 
you,  remembering,  that  when  you  fifli  fine,  it  is  better  to  have 
on  your  line  a  great  number  of  fmall  than  a  few  large  ihot* 

Whip  the  end  of  the  quill  round  the  plug  with  fine  filk, 
well  waxed ;  this  will  keep  the  water  out  of  your  float,  and 
prefcrve  it  greatly. 

In  fifhing  with  a  float,  your  line  fliould  be  about  a  foot 
Ihorter  than  your  rod ;  for  if  it  is  longer,  you  cannot  fo  weH 
command  your  hook  when  you  come  to  difengage  the  fifli. 

Pearch  and  Chub  are  caught  with  a  float,  and  alfo  Gud« 
geons,  and  fometimes  Barbel  and  Grayling. 

For  Carp  and  Tench,  which  are*  feldom  caught  but  in 
ponds,  ufe  a  very  fmall  goofe  or  a  duck-quill  float;  and  for 
ground-bait  throw  in,  tvery  now  and  then,  a  bit  of  chewed 
bread. 

For  Barbel,  the  place  fliould  be  baited  the  night  before  yo« 
fifli,  with  graves ;  which  are  the  fediment  of  melted  tallow, 
and  may  be  had  at  the  tallow-chandlers :  ufe  the  fame  ground- 
bait  while  you  are  fi filing,  as  for  Roach  and  Dace. 

In  fifiiing  with  a  float  for  Chub,  in  warm  weather,  fifli 
^t  mid-water,  in  cool  lower,  and  in  cold  at  the  ground* 

CHAP, 


Chap.  XVIII.  The  Complete  Anclsr.    iSfj 


CHAP.    XVIIL 

Of  the  Minnow,  orPENK,  oftbeLoACH, 
and  of  tie  BvLL-HEAV,  ^r  Miller's* 

THUMB. 

PiSCATOR. 

THERE  be  alfo  three  or  four  other  little 
fi(h  that  I  had  almoft  forgot,  that  are 
all  without  fcales,  and  may  for  excel* 
Icncy  of  meat  be  compared  to  any  filh  of  greateft 
value  and  largeft  fize.  They  be  ufually  full  of 
eggs  or  fpawn  all  the  months  of  fummer ;  for 
they  breed  often,  as  *tis  obferved  mice  and  many 
of  the  fmaller  four-footed  creatures  of  the  earth 
do ;  and  as  thofe,  fo  thefe,  come  quickly  to  their 
full  growth  and  perfection.  And  it  is  needful 
that  they  breed  both  often  and  numeroufly,  for 
they  be,  befides  other  accidents  of  ruin,  both  a 
prey  and  baits  for  other  fifli.  And  firft,  I  (hall 
tell  you  of  the  Minnow  or  Penk. 

The  Minnow  (lath,  when  he  is  in  perfeft  fca* 
fbn  and  not  lick,  which  is  only  prefently  after 
fpawning,  a  kind  of  dappled  or  waved  colour, 
tike  to  a  panther,  on  his  fides,  inclining  to  a 
greenifh  and  fky-colour,  his  belly  being  milk- 
white,  and  his  back  almoft  black  or  blackifh. 
He  is  a  fharp  biter  at  a  fmall  worm,  and  in  hot 
weather  makes  excellent  fport  for  young  anglers, 
or  boys,  or  women  that  love  that  recreation,  and 
in  the  fpring  they  make  of  them  excellent  Min- 
fiow-tanfies  i  for  being  wafhed  well  in  fait,  and 

their 


il66  .  Tht  Complete  Angle  r.  P»t  f. 
their  heads  and  tails  cut  off,  and  their  guts  uken 
out»  and  not  walhed  after,  they  prove  excellent 
for  that  ufej  that  is,  being  fried  with  yolks  of 
eggs,  the  flowers  of  cowQips,  and  of  primrofes, 
and  a  tittle  tanfy-,  thus  ufed,  they  make  adainty 
di(h  of  meat. 

The  Loach  is,  as  I  totd  you,  a  jaoft  dainty 
fifti  i  he  breeds  and  feeds  in  little  and  clear  fwifc 
brooks  or  rills,  and  lives  there  upon  the  gravel, 
and  in  the  (harpeft  ftreams :  he  grows  not  to  be 
ftbove  a  tinger  long,  and  no  thicker  thaa.  is  fuit- 
afaje  CO  that  length.    This 

Loach 


4s  not  unlike  the  fliape  (^  the  Eel :  he  liss  « 
-beard  or  wattles  like  a  Barbel.  He  has  two  fins 
'  at  his  fides,  four  at  his  belly,  and  oiK-at  his  tails 
he  is  dappled  with  many  blade  or  brown  fpotsj 
■his  mouih  is  Barbel-like  under  his  nofe.  This 
lith  (s  ufually  full  of  ^gs.or  fpawji,  and  is  by 
CefnfnrtA  other  learned  phyficians,  commended 
for  great  nourilhmcnt,  aod  to  be  very  grateful 
both 


Ciiip. kVIII.  The  CoMPt^'fi  AitottK.    16 f 

btJth  to  the  palate  and  ftomach  of  lick  perfons  1 
iie  is  to  be  nlhed  for  with  a  very  fmall  worm  ac 
jSie  bottom,  for  he  very  feldom  or  never  rifes 
^bove  the  gravel,  on  which  I  told  you  he  uftidiy 
gets  his  living. 

The  Miller's-thumb,  of  Bull-head,  is  a  fiffi  of 
no  plcafing  (hape.  He  is  by  Gefner  compared 
to  the  Sea-toad-fifh,  for  his  fimilitude  and  ihape. 
It  has  a  head  big  and  flat,  much  greater  than 
fuitable  to  his  body ;  a  mouth  very  wide  and 
ufually  gaping,  tie  is  without  teeth,  but  his 
lips  are  very  rpugh^muc^  like  to  a  file;  he  hath 
two  fins^war  toliis  gills,  which  be  roundifli  or 
crcftcd,  two  fins  alfq  ppder  ;he  belly,  two  on  the 
back^  one  below  the  vent,  and  the  fin  of  his  tail  is 
round.  Nature  hath  painted  the  body  of  this  filh 
with  whitifh,  blackifli,  browhilh  fpots.  They 
be  ufuaUy  full  of  eggs  or  fpawn  all  the  fummer, 
I  niean'the  females,  and  thofe  eggs  fwell  their 
vents  almoft  into  the  form  of  a  dug.  They  be- 
gin to  f^awn  about  Jpril^  and,  as  I  told  you, 
^awn  fev^ral  months  in  the  fummer ;  and  *  in 

the 

^  Since  Waiun  vrate^  there  has  been  brought  into  Eng* 
-haui,  from  Germafty$  a  fpecies  of  fmall  fifli,  reiembline  Carp 
ID  ibape  and'  colour,  called  Crucians;  with  which  many 
ponds  are  now. plentifully  docked. 

There  has  alfo  been  lately  brought  hither,  fj'om  China^ 
t\ipte  beatitifalcreatures  Gold  and  Silver  Fifh  ;  the  firft  are 
of  an  orange-colour,  with  very  (hining  fcales,  and  finely  va- 
riegated with  blapk  and  dark  brown  ;  the  Silver  Filh  are  of 
the  colour  of  filver  tiffue'with  fcarlet  fins,  with  which  colour 
they  are  curio u^y  marked  in  feveral  parts  of  the  body. 

Thefe  fiflf  are  ufually  kept  in  ponds,,  bafons,  and  fmall 
refervoirs  of  water,  to  which  they  are  a  delightful  ornament ; 
and  I  have  known  a  few  of  them'  kept  for  years  in  a  large 
glafs  yefTel  like  a  punch-bowl,  with  fine  gi^avel  firewed  at 

the 


t6S  VTie  Complete  Angler.-  PartT. 
the  wincer  the  Mlnnnow,  and  Loach,  and  Bull- 
head dwell  in  the  mud  is  the  Eel  doth,  or  we 
know  not  where ;  no  more  xhan  we  know  where 
the  cuckow  and  fwallow,  and  other  half-year- 
birds,  which  firft  appear  to  us.  in  April^  fpend 
their  fix  cold,  wiatei)  melancholy  months.  This 

BULIi-HEAI> 


dors  ufoally  dwell  and  hide  himfelf  in  holes,  cr 
amongft  ftones  in  clear  water;  and  in  very  hoc 
days  will  lie  a  long  time  very  ftlll,  and  fun  him- 
felf, and  will  be  eafy  to  be  fcen  upon  any  flat 
ftone,  or  any  gravel  -,  at  which  time,  he  will  fuf- 
fer  an  angler  to  put  a  hook  baited  with  a  fmall 
worm,  very  near  unto  his  very  mouth,  and  he 
never  rcfu^s  to  bite,  nor  indeed  to  be  caught 

tlie  bottom ;  they  may  be  fo  kept  by  frequently  changing 
the  water,  and  feeding  thsm  with  bread  and  gentlea. 

Thofe  who  cao  take  more  pleafure  in  angling  for,  than 
in  beholding  them,  which  I  confefs  I  could  neverdo,  tnay 
catch  them  with  gentles  i  but  though  coQly;  they  are  btit 
«oarft!  food. 

wilJl 


Chap.  XVlIL5'i^^  Complete  Angler.  ii6^ 

with  the  worft  of  anglers.  Maitbiolus  *  com* 
mends  him  much  more  for  his  tafte  and  nouridk- 
ment,  than  for  his  fhape  or  beauty. 

There  is  alfo  a  little  fifh  called  a  Sticklebag  r  a 
filh  without  fcalesy  but  hath  his  body  fenced  with 
feverat  prickles.     I  know  not  where  he  dwells 
in  winter^  nor  what  he  b  good  for  in  fummer, 
but  only  to  make  fport  for  boys  and  women- 
anglers,  and  to  feed  bthcr  fi(h  that  be  filh  of 
prey ;  as  Trouts  in  particular,  who  will  bite  at 
him  as  at  a  Penk,  and  better,,  if  your  hook  be 
rightly  baited  with  him ;  for  he.  may  be  fo  baited 
as  his  tail  turning  like  the  fail  t£  a  wind-mill, 
will  make  him  turn  more  quick  than  any  Penk 
or  Miapow  can.     For  note,  that  the  nimble 
turnmg  of  that  or  the  Minnow,  is  the  perfcftion 
of  Minnow-fifhing.     To   which  end,    if   you 
put  your  hook  into  his  mouth  and  out  at  his 
tail,  and  then  having  fii  ft  tied  him  with  white 
thread  a  little  above  his  tail,  and  placed  him  after 
fuch  a  manner  on  your  hook  as  he  is  like  to  turn^ 
then  few  up  his  mouth  to  your  line,  and  he  is 
like  to  turn  quick,  and  tempt  any  Trout ;  but 
if  he  do  not  turn  quick,  then  turn  his  tail  a  little 
more  or  lefs  towards  the  inner  part,  or  towards 
the  fide  of  the  hook,  or  put  the  Minnow  or 
Sticklebag  a  little  more  crooked  or  more  ftrait 
on  your  hook,  until  it  will  turn  both  true  and 
fall  -,  and  then  doubt  not  but  to  tempt  any  great 
Trout  that  lies  in  a  fwifc  ftream.     And  the 
Loach  that  1  told  you  of,  will  do  the  like  :  no 
bait  is  more  tempting,  provided  the  Loach  be 
not  too  big. 

•  I^itrus  Andreas  Matthtohsf  bf  Sienna,  an  eminent  pliy- 
ficnn  of  the  fixteenth  century,  famoas  fop  his  commen- 
Hries  qii  fome  of  the  writings  of  Diofcoridts. 

And 


i7Q        ti>e  CoMPLBtE  Aft6t«il.    i^artl; 

And  now,  fcholar,  with  the  help  of  this  fincS 
morning,  and  your  patient  atteotion^  I  have  (kid 
all  that  my  prefeht  mempfy  Will  atfbrd  mc,  con- 
oerning  moft  of  the  feveral  fifh  that  are  ufually 
fiihed  for  in  freOi  waters. 

VesaL  But  matter/  you  have  by  your  former 
civility  made  me  hop^,  that  you  will  make  good 
your  promife,  and  fay  fomething  of  the  feveral 
rivers  that  be  of  mo&  note  in  this  nation ;  and 
alfo  of  fi(b-ponds,  and  the  ordering  of  them  i 
and  do  it  1  pray,  good  mafter,  for  I  love  any  dif- 
courfe  of  rivers,  and  fi(h  ^d  filhing,  the  tioxe 
(pent  in  fuch  difcourfe  pafies  away  very  plea* 
iantly. 


«MM^hMM*B^nMB.HMrf^ii^iiiialbi^iarta 


CHAP.    XIX. 

Of  feveral  Rivers,  and fimeObferouthnt 

of  Fish. 

* 

P  I  S  C  A  T  O  R* 

WELL,  fcholar,  finee  the  ways  and 
weather  do  both  favour  us,  and  that  we 
yet  fee  not  l^ottenbam-crofs^  you  (halt 
fee  ttiy  willingnefs  to  fatisfy  your  defire.  And 
firft,  for  the  rivers  of  this  nation,  there  be,  as 
you  may  note  out  of  Doftor  tteyiitfs  geography 
and  others,  in  number  325,  but  thofe  of  chiefeft 
note  he  reckons  and  defcribes  as  foUoweth. 

The  chief  is  Tbamejis^  compounded  of  two 
rivers,  ^hame  and  Ijis ;  whereof  the  former,  ri- 
ling, fooie  what  Jbeyond  'ithame  in  Buckingbatff/birei 
<6  and 


and  the  Utter  near  Cinnctfter  in  Gloucefterjbire^ 
mttt  together  about  Ddrtbefter  in  Oxf^rdfi^irt  y 
tKe  ifliie  of  which  happy  conjunction  is  the 
ibam^^  or  Thams\  hence  it  flieth  betwixt  Berks^ 
BuckingbamfinrCy  ASddleffx^  Swrry^  Kent^  and 
Effix^  and  fo  weddcth  himfelf  to  the  Kentijb 
Medxzuiyy  in  the  very  jaws  of  the  ocean  r  this 
glorious  river  feelech  the  violence  and  benefit  of 
the  fea  more  than  any  river  in  Eurcpty  ebbing  and 
flowing  twice  a  day  more  than  fixty  miles  ^  abouE 
whofe  banks  are  fo  many  fair  towns  and  princely 
palaccSi  that  a  German  poet  thus  truly  fpake  : 

31?/  Campos^  tSc. 

Wefawfo  many  woods  and  princely  how£rSy 
Sweet  fields  J  brave  palaces^  and Jiately  towers  ^    • 
Se  many  gardens  dreft  with  curious  care^    ^ 
^bat  Thames  witb  royal  Tiber  may  compare  *r 

2«  The 

•  Though  the  current. opinion  is,  that  the  Thames  had  \\9 
name  from  tfare  conjun£lion  of  Thame  and  Ifist  it  plainly  ap^ 
^ars  that  the  IJis  was  always  c^WtAThamesy  or  Terns ^  befoji^ 
itcame  near  the  Tame.  G\\y{oxi*sCamd.  Edit.  i753>  P*  99> 
And  as  to  the  head  of  the  Thames  although  it  is  generafjjf 
fuppofed  to  he  in  Oxfortijhirer  Camden  (whom  we  may  fop- 
pofe  Walton  followed)  Brit.  315..  fays  it  is  in  Buckingham' 
jhire. 

But  what  (hall  we  fay  to  the  following  accouht,  which 
X/M«^ar/^  has  adopted?  **  Tame  (faith  Leland)  fpringeth 
••  out  of  the  hills  of  Hertfordjhirey  2X  a  place  called  BuU 
•*  bourne,  a  few  miles  from  Penlye^  (the  houfe  of  a  family  of 
•*  gentlemen  called  Vemeys)  it  runneth  from  thence  to 
JyleJ^wry  \ti  Buckinghanifiire,  and  to  Teime  (a  market- 
town  in  Oxfordjhire^  whereuoto  in^iveth  the  name]  then 
paffing  under  Wbatley- bridge ^  it  coroeth  to  Dorchefter^ 
and  hard  by  joineth  with  Ifisy  or  Oufe^  and  from  that 
place  joineth  with  it  in  name  alio."  Di^ionarium  Topo^ 
graphicMm\K>Qt  THAME. 

Unfor. 


27^        5^  CoMPLEtE  Angler.    PartL" 

2,  The  fecond  river  of  note  is  SabrtMj  or 
Sivern :  it  hath  its  beginning  in  Plinilifmnon'biU 
in  Montgomeryjhirej  and  his  end  feven  mile$ 
from  Brt/tol,  walhing  in  the  mean  fpace  the  walls 
of  Shrewjburyy  IVorcefier^  and  Gloucejier^  and  di- 
vers other  places  and  palaces  of  note. 

3.  Trent^  fo  called  for  thirty  kind  of  fifhes 
that  are  found  in  it,  or  for  that  it  receiveth  thirty 
leiler  rivers,  who  having  his  fountain  in  Staf* 
fordjhire^  and  gliding  through  the  counties  of 
Nottingham^  Lincobi,  Leicefter^  and  Tork^  aug- 
mcnteth  the  turbulent  current  of  Humber^  the 
moft  violent  ftream  of  all  the  ifle.  This  Hum-^ 
her  is  not,  to  fay  truth,  a  diftindt  river,  having 
a  fpring-head  of  his  own,  but  it  is  rather  the 

Unfortanately  Leland^i  manafcript  has  lofl  twenty-fiire 
leaves,  in  that  part  of  it  where  one  might  expert  to  find  thi» 
paiTage.  Bat  the  following  extract,  from  an  author  of  great 
authority,  and  who  had  a  feat  in  the  county  of  Hertford^ 
will  determine  the  queflion. 

**,  The  Thame  (the  moft  famous  river  of  England)  iflues 
**  from  three  heads,  in  the  parifh  of  Tring ;  the  firft  rifcs 
**  in  an  orchard,  near  the  par(bnage-houfe ;  the  fecond  ia 
'*  a  place  called  Dundell\  and  the  other  proceeds  from  a 
'*  fpring  named  Bulbourne\  which  laft  ftream  joins  the 
other  waters  at  a  place  called  l^e-w-mill^  whence  all, 
gliding  together  in  one  current,  through  Puttenbam  ia 
this  county,  pafs  by  Aylejbury  (a  fair  market- town  in 
Buckingham/hire)  to  Etherop  (an  ancient  pleafant  feat  of 
that  noble  family  of  the  Dormers,  earls  of  Caernar<von) 
and  crofting  that  county  by  Notley^ahbt^  to  Tbame,  (a 
market- town  in  Oxfordfoire,  which  borrows  its  nanue 
from  this  river)  hafteneih  away  by  Whately- bridge  to 
Dorchefter,  (an  ancient  epifcopal  feat)  and  thence 
congratulates  the  Ifis ;  but  both  emulating  each  other 
**  for  the  name,  and  neither  yielding,  they  are  cOmpli- 
•«  cated  by  that  of  Thamifis.^*  Sir  Henry  Chaunc/s  Hifto- 
jTical  Antiquities  of  Hertfordjhire,  p.  2.  See  alfo  the  later 
maps  of  Herifordjhire  and  Budinghamjhirt* 

I  mouthy 


CC 
<( 
CC 
«C 


^  Chap.  XIX.  7^  CoMPtETE  Angler.  273 

mouth,  or  jEftttorium^  of  divers  rivers  here  con- 
fluent and  meeting  together  j  namely,  yourJD^- 
^ent^  and  efpecially  of  Oi^e  and  Trent ;  and  (as 
the  Danaw^  having  receiv^  into  its  channel,  the 
river  Bravus^  Savus^  Tikifcusj  and  divers  others) 
i^hangeth  his  name  into  this  of  Humherabus^  as 
the  cdd  geographers  call  it. 

4*  ikfeJw^y,  a  KiHtiJh  river,  famous  for  har« 
boufing^the  royal  navy. 

5.  uweid^  the  north-eaft  bound  of  England^ 
on  whofe  nprtbern  banks  is  feated  the  ftrong  and 
impregnable  town  of  Berwick. 

6.  Tjne^  famous  fbr  Nexvcaftle^  and  her  inesc- 
hauftible  coal-pits  *.  Thefe  and  the  reft  qf 
principal  note,  are  thus  comprehended  in  one  of 
Mr.  Drayton*^  fonnets. 

K)wr  floods^  queen^  Thames,  forjbips  and  fwatp 
is  crown* dy 

Andftatefy  Severn /w  berjbcre  is  praised 
The  cry/ial  Trent  for  fords  andfifh  renowffd^ 

And  Avon's  fame  to  Albipn'j  cliffs  is  rais^d^ 

^  It  would  have  been  befide  the  anthor's  pBrpo(e»  andf 
indeed  inconfiflent  with  the  brevity  of  his  work,  to  have  given 
fuch  a  defcription  and  biftory  of  the  rivers  of  this  kingdom 
'as  (bme  readers  would  wifh  for :  fuch,  however,  may  find^ 
in  Selden*^  notes  on  the  Polyolhion^  a  great  variety  of  curious 
and  ufeful  learning  on  the  Aibjedl.  And  it  were  to  be  wifh'd 
that  fome  perfon,  fkilled  like  Leland^  Camden^  Lamharde^ 
or  that  excellent  perfoa  above-mentioned,  in  theanciqaitiea 
of  this  country,  if  any  fuch  there  are,  would  undertake  the 
delightful  taik  of  furveying  them,  and  giving  their  hiflory* 

In  the  jnean  while  we  would  recommend  to  our  angler 
the  ufe  of  a  map  of  the  county  where  he  fi^t^t^ ;  hy  meansr 
whereof  he  may  fee  the  rivers  contained  in  it,  with  their 
courfcs  ;  which  is,  perhap9^  as  Biuch  as  ft  mere  angler  need 
know  about  ^e  taatter. 

T  Cariegiort 


274        ^^  Complete  Angler.    Partt* 

Carlegiort  Chcfter  nraunts  her  bofy  Dee, 

York  mdf^  winders  of  her  0^^{t  can  teUj 
The  Peak  her  Dove,  wbo/e  banks  fo  fertih  he,: 

And  Kent  wittfaji  her  Midway  doth  extellj^ 
Cotfwold  commends  ber  Ifis  to  tbe  Tame, 

OumortberHbordersbaafl  of  Tvftt^^s fair  floods 
Our  weftem  parts  extol  their  Wilfy'j/srm^, 

And  the  old  Lea  brags  of  the  Damlh  blood  *. 

Thefe 


<# 


LEE  fluf.    Lygaii,  Sfaxon.    fj^r.  Mar.    Lea^To- 

^*  lydoro.    The  name  of  the  water  which  (ruiinyn  betwene 

fTart  and  Lendo^^  devydcthe,  for  a  great  part  of  the  way, 

Effex  and  Hertfordjhyre,     It  begynnethe  near  a  place 

called  Wbitcburche^  and  from  thence,  paffinge  by  Herf^ 

^  fofd^  Ware  and  Waltbam^  openethe  into  the  Tbamfit  at 

**  Ham  in  Effex ;  wheare  the  place  hr  at  this  day»  called 

**  LeeMottibe.  It  hathe,  of  longe  tyme,  borne  ^eiMls  from 

'*  London  %  20  miles  towarde  the  head  ;  ^r*  in  tyme  of 

'*  Kinge  AJfrede^  the  Danes  entered  Leymoutbe^  and  fortified 

*^  at  a  place  adjoyninge  to  this  ryver,  20  myles  from  hon-' 

*'  don ;  wtefe,  by  fbrtuiie«  king  Alfrede  paffinge  by,  efpied 

'<  that  the  channell  of  the  ry ver  might  be  in  fucbe  forte 

^  weakened^  that  they  (hould  want  water  to  returne  withe 

*'  their  ihippes  ;  he  caofed  therefore  the  water  to  be  abated 

*^  by  two  greate  trenches,  and  fettinge  tbe  Londoners  opom 

*^<  thetm,  he  made  them  batteil ;  wherein  tbey  loH  four  oF 

their  capitaines,  and  a  greate  nomber  of  their  common 

fouldiers,  the  reft  flyinge  into  the  caftle  which  they  had 

•  **^  builte.  Not  kinge  after  they  weare  io  preffed,  that  they 
^  forfoke  all,  and  lefte  their  ihippes  as  a  pray  to  the  Lom- 

'  ^<  dohersf  which  breakinge  fome,  and  barninge  other,  coa- 

,  <«  veyed  the  reaft  to  London,  This  caftle*  for  the  diftance 
<*  might  feme  Hertforde\  but  it  was  fome  other  upon  that 
'*  banke,  which  had  no  longe  coBtinuance ;  for  Edivard  the 
*<  elder,  and  fon  of  this  Alfredt^  builded  Hertford  not  longe 

■  **  after."  Vid,  Lambarde'^  Di^ionarium  Topograpbicum. 
Voce  LEE.     Drayton'i PofyoJbion^  Song  the  twelfth,  and 

'  the  ffrft  note  thereon. 

*  Other  authors^  who  confirm  this  fa£^,  alfo  ^dd,  Thatt- 
for  the  purpoie  aforefai4  he  opened-  the  woath  of  the  river* 


«( 


Chap.  XIX.  Tie  Complete  AKCLEk.  tys 

Thefc  obfervations  ai^e  out  of  learned  l)r. 
tJeylin^  and  my  old  deceafed  fritnd  Michael DNy^ 
ion ;  and  becaufc  yoii  fay,  you  love  fucH  dif- 
courfes  as  thefe  of  rivers  and  fifli  and  fifhing,  I 
love  you  the  better,  and  love  the  more  to  impart 
them  to  you :  nc^crthelefs,  fcholar,  if  I  Ihould 
begin  but  to  nante  the  feveral  forts  of  flrange 

fifti 

Vli,  Sir  William  Ddgdale^  ffij^ory  rf  the  emianJthi  and 
jtainikg  thi  fenty  and  ^ir  John  Spclman'x  Life  of  Alfred 
thi  Grtdti  puhhfited  by  Hearne,  in  8vo,  1 709.  the  perufal 
of  which  laft  named  author  will  leave  the  reader  in  very 
little  doabt  but  that  thefe  trenches  are  the  very  fame  that 
now  branch  off  from  the  river  between  Templt- Mills  and 
OU-Fordi  and»  croffing  the  Stratford  road,  enter  the  Thames 
^gether  with  the  principal  ilream,  a  little  below  BlacknuaU* 
•  It  is  hardly  fnppofeable>  that  every  reader  of  this  work  is 
acquainted  with  the  chara^er  of  that  excellent  prince,  whofe 
wildom  and  policy  are  above  celebrated.  Let  us  there- 
fore flop  a  moment,  to  contemplate  that  venerable  and 
amiable  affemblage  of  regal  apd  private  virtues^  which  has 
hitherto  diflinguiihed  his  name :  and  when  we  are  told^ 
that  he  was  the  founder  of  that  excellent  conilitution,  which 
«ven  foreigners  confefs  to  be  the  belt  formed  in  the  wotld  for 
the  purpoies  of  government ;  that  he  ellabliflied,  if  not  in- 
Vented,  the  method  of  trial  hy  juries  ;  that  he  huilt  many  cities 
and  churches ;  reftored,  if  not  founded,  theuni'verjity  ofOx^ 
ford,  and  re-edified  almoft .  e'very  monafiery  in  his  dominions  i 
x\k2X  he  fought  no  lefs  than  fifty  foe  hat  ties,  including  fea- 
fights ;  that  he  was  pious,  nxiife,  chafte,  temperate,  hra<uei 
learned,  munificent,  and  merciful i  and  that  he  delivered  this 
country  from  the  infupportahle  tyranny  of  the  Danes ;  Who  caa 
refle£k  on  his  memory  without  gratitude  and  admiration  ! 

Afferius  Mene'venfis,  his  hiftorian,  tells  us,  that,  **  foe 
"  dividing  his  time,  and  keeping  an  account  of  it,  he  caufecr 
•*  wax-candlesy  to  the  number  of  fix,  to  be  made,  each  of 
**  them  twelve  inches  long,  on  w'hich  he  caufed  the  inches 
to  be  marked  ;  and  having  found  that  otieof  them  burni 
juft  four  hours,  he  committed  them  to  the  care  of  the 
keepers  of  bk  cbap'el,  who^  from  timo  Co  tintte^  gavehini 

T  a  •*  ftpticc 


it 

§€ 


2^6        7'he  CoMPtETE  ANCtFit.    Parti. 

&fh  tfiac  are  ufually  taken  in  many  of  thofe  rivers- 
that  run  into  the  fea,  I  might  beget  wonder  ii» 
you,  or  unbelief,  or  both  v  and  yet  I  will  ven*- 
ture  to  tell  you  a  real  truth,  concerning  one  lately 
differed  by  Dr.  W}>artonj  a  roan  of  great  learn- 
ing and  experience,  and  of  equal  freedom  to 
communicate  it ;  one  that  loves  me  and  my  arty, 
one  to  whom  I  have  been  beholden  for  many  of 
the  choiceft  obfervations  that  I  have  imparted  to 
you  *.  This  good  man,  that  dares  do  any  thing; 
rather  than  tell  an  untruth,  did,  I  fay,  tell  me^,. 
be  lately  di defied  one  (banged,,  and  he  thus 
defcribed  it  to  me. 

^  The  Bfli  was'  ahnoft  a  yard  broad,  and 
^*  twice  that  length ;  his  mouth  wide  enough  to 
"  receive  or  take  into  it  the  head  of  a  man,  his^ 
^  ftomach  feven  or  eight  inches  broad :  he  is  of 
*^  a  (low  motion,  and  ulually  lies  or  lurks  clofe 
^  i»  the  mud,  and  has  a  moveable  ftring  on  his 

*^  notice  how  the  hours  went.  But^  as  Fn  wiody  weathef 
^  the  candles  were  wafted  by  the  imprefion  of  the  air  onp 
^*  the  flasie»  he,  to*  remedy  thi»  inconvenience,  invented 
"  lanthornSf  there  then  being  no  glafs  in  bis  dominions." 
The  fiune  anthor  hai  given  os  tire  foUewing  pleafant  &orf 
of  him,  which  cooclades  this  note.^ 

Scding  his  fubjedls  fly  the  enemy^  in  the  midH  of  hi» 
country,  he  took  the  di^uife  of  a  common  foldier*  and 
committed  himfelf  to  one  who  had  the  keeping  of  the 
king's  cows  ;  whofe  wife  having  one  day  fet  a  cake  of 
bread  to  bake  before  the  fire,  where  the  king  fat  trim- 
^'  mipg  his  bow  and  arrows,  the  cake  burnt,  which  the 
kmg  heeded' not,  till  the  woman,  enraged  at  his  inatten* 
tion,  with  all  the  fury  of  a  good  houfewife,  called  hior 
an  idle  Itth^r  \  and  gave  him  to  underhand,  that  if  be 
expeSfid  to  eaty   be  muft  work"     Vide  Spelman'/  Lfft  of" 
Wilfred  aforefaid, 
*  See  an  account  of  him^  page  19^ 

«^  head 


€1 
M 
•< 
•«- 

tf 


(C 


C%j^.  XIX.  The  CoMPi-ErE  Angier.  277 

^<  head  about  a  Ipan,  or  near  unto  a  quarter  of 
«(  a  yard  long,  by  the  moving  of  which,  which 
^*  is  his  natural  bait,  when  he  lies  clofe  and 
^*  unfeen  in  the  miad,  he  draws  other  fmaller  fi& 
*^  {o  clofe  to  him,  that  he  can  fuck  them  into 
^*  his  mouth,  and  fo  devours  and  digefts  xhern*' 


9> 


And«  fcholar^  <lo  not  wonder  at  this,  for  be* 
fides  the  credit  of  the  relator  you  are  to  note^ 
many  <of  thefe,  aad  fifiies  which  are  of  the  like 
4Uid  more  unusual  ibapes,  are  very  often  taken 
on  the  mouths  of  our  fea-  rivers,  and  on  the  fear 
fliore^  and  this  will  be  no  wonder  to  any- that 
have  travelled  Egypt^  where  'tis  known  the  fa- 
mous river  Nilus  does  not  only  breed  fi(hes  that 
yet  want  names,  but,  by^the  overflowing  of  that 
river,  and  the  help  of  the  fun^s  heat  on  the  fat 
Aitne  which  that  river  leaves  on  the  banks,  when 
it  falls  back  into  its  natural  channel,  fuchftraage 
ififii  and  beafts  are  alfo  bred,  that  no  man  can 
give  a  name  to,  as  KmIsus^  ia  his  Scpham^  and 
others,  have  obferved. 

But  wtutber  am  1  ftrayed  m  tliis  diicourfe  ?  { 
iwill  end  it  by  teUing  you,  that  at  the  mouth  of 
foroc  of  thefe  rivers  of  ours.  Herrings  arc  fo 
plentiful,  as  namely,  near  to  Tarmoutb  in  Nor- 
folk^ and  in  the  weft-country.  Pilchards  fo  very 
f>lentiful,  as  you  will  wonder  to  read  what  o^ir 
learned  Camden  relates  of  them  in  bis  Briianma^ 
p.  178,  186. 

Well,  fcholar,  1  wiH  flop  here,  and  tell  you 
what  by  reading  and  confercoce  I  have  obferved 
concerning  fifli-ponds. 


T  3  CHAP, 


278         7j&«  Complete  Angler.    Fff^t. 


CHAP.    XX. 

Of  Fish* Ponds,  and  bow  to  order  them. ' 

DOCTOR  LehauUy  the  learned  French- 
tnan^  in  his  large  difcourfc  of  Matfo^ 
Rujlique,  gives  this  diredion  for  makiog 
of  fifti-ponds  i  1  fhall  refer  yoq  to  bim  to  read 
it  at  l^rge,  but  I  think  }  (ball  coptra£jt  it,  and 
yet  make  it  as  qfefuL 

He  advtfeth,  that  when  yo.u  have  drarned  the 
ground,  and  naade  the  earth  6rai  where  the  head 
bf  the  pond  mufl:  be,  that  you  mu(l:  then  in  thac 
place,  drive  in  two  or  three  rows  of  oak  or  elna 
piles,  which  (hould  be  fcorched  in  the  fire,  or  half 
burnt  before  they  be  driven  into  the  earth ; .  for 
being  thus  ufed,  it  preferves  tben^  much  loi^ep 
from  rotting :  and  having  done  fo,  lay  fago^  or 
bavins  of  fmaller  wood  betwixt  them,  and  tbea 
earth  betwixt  and  above  ih^mj  and  then 
having  firfl  very  well  rammed  them  and  the 
earth,  ufe  another  pile  in  like  manner  as  the  firfl: 
were :  and  note,  that  the  fecond  pile  is  to  be  of  or 
about  the  height  that  you  intend  to  make  your 
fluiceor  flood  gate,  or  the  vent  that70U  intend 
dallconvey  the  overflowings  of  your  pond  in 
any  flood  that  (hall  endanger  the  breaking  of  the 
pond-dam. 

Tiicn  he  advifes  that  you  plant  willo\ws  or 

pwlers  about  it,  or  both,  and  then  cafl  in  baviii^ 

in  fome  places  not  far  from  the  fide,  and  in  the 

'^oft  fandy  places,  for  fjfti  both  to  fpawn  upon, 

and 


t  .t 


Chap/XX;  1I*he  Complete  Angler.    179 

and  to  defi^rrd  them  and  the  young  fry  from  the 
inany  fi(h,  and  allb  from  vermin  that  lie  at 
watch  to  deftroy  them,  efpecially  the  fpawn  of 
the  Carp  and  Tench,  when  ^tis  left  to  the  mercy 
of  ducks  or  vermin^ 

He  and  DuiravhiSj  and  all  others  advife,  that 
you  make  choice  of  fuch  a  place  for  your  pond, 
that  it  may  be  refrefhed  with  a  little  rill,  or  with 
rain-water  running  or  falling  into  it  4  by  which 
fiih  are  more  inclined  both  to  breed,  and  are  alfo 
refrefhed  and  fed  the  .better,  and  do  prove  to  be 
cf  a  much  fweeter  and  more  pleafant  taile. . 

To  which  ^nd  it  is  obfcrved,  that  fuch  pools 
as  be  large  and  have  mod:  gravd,  and  (hallows 
where  fifti  may  fport  themfclves,  do  aflFord  fi(h 
of  the  pureft  rafte.  And  note,  that  inall  pools 
it  is  bcft  for  fi(h  to  have  fomc  retiring  place ;  as 
namely  hollow  banks,  or  (helves,  or  roots  of 
trees  to  keep  them  from  danger ;  and,  when  they 
think  Bt,  from  the-extceam  heat  of  fummer ;  as 
alfo,  from  the  extremity  of  cold  in  winter.  And 
note,  that  if  many  trees  be  growing  about  your 
pond^  the  leaves  thereof  falling  into  the  water^ 
make  it  nau(i?ous  to  the  fiflu  and  the  &(h  to  be  fo 
to  the  cater  of  ic 

^Tis  noted  that  the  Tench  and  Eel  love  n^ud, 
and  the  Carp  loves  gravelly  ground,  and  in  the 
hot  months  to  feed  on  grafs :  you  are  to  cleanfe 
your  pond,  if  you  intend  either  profit  or  plea- 
sure, once  every  three  or  four  year^,  efpecially 
ibme  ponds,  and  then  let  it  lie  dry  fix  or  twelve 
months,  both  to  kill  the  water- weeds,  as  water.- 
lilies,  catidocks,  feate  and  bulruihcs  that 
i^ceed  (there  ^  and  alfo  that  as  thefe  die  for  want 

T  4  -  of 


tSo        ^e  Complete  Ai^ctER.    Ptrel. 

of  water^  fo  grafs  may  grow  in  the  ponds*  bot^ 
totii,  which  Carps  will  cat  greedily  in  all  the  hot 
months  if  the  pond  be  clean.  The  letting  your 
pond  dry  and  (owing  oats  in  the  bottom  is  alfo 
good,  for  the  fifli  feed  the  fafter:  and  being 
fometime  let  dry,  you  may  obferve  what  kihd 
of  fifh  cither  incrrafes  or  thrives  beft^  in  tliac 
yrater ;  for  they  differ  much  both  in  dieir  breed* 
mg  and  feeding. 

LebauU  alfo  advifes,  that  if  your  ponds  be 
not  very  large  and  roomy,  that  you  often  feed 
your  fifli  by  throwing  into  them  chippings  of 
bread,  curds,  grains,  or  the  entrails  of  chickens, 
or  of  any  fowl  or  beaft  that  you  kill  to  feed  your* 
felves ;  for  thefe  afford  fifh  a  great  relief.  He 
fays  that  frogs  and  ducks  do  much  harm,  and 
devour  both  the  fpawn  and  the  young  fry  of  all 
filh,  efpecially  of  the  Carp.  And  I  haye,  be? 
fides  experience,  many  teftimonies  of  it ;  butX^* 
bauli  allows  water-frogs  to  be  good  meat,  efpcr 
cially  in  forhe  months,  if  they  be  fat ;  but  yoif 
are  to  note,  that  he  is  a  Fr^lmatt^  and  we 
Englijh  will  hardly  believe  him,  though  we  know 
frogs  are  ufually  eaten  in  his  country :  however^ 
he  advifes  to  deflroy  them  and  king-fifiiers  out 
of  your  ponds;  and  he  advifes,  not  to  fuflTer 
much  (hooting  at  wild-fowl,  for  that  he  fays 
affrightens,  and  harms  and  deftroys  the  fi(h. 

Note,  that  Carps  and  Tench  thrive  and  breed 
1t>e(t  when  no  other  6(h  is  put  with  them  into  the 
fame  pond ;  for  all  other  fi(h  devour  their  fpawn, 
or  at  lead  the  greateft  part  of  i|t.  And  note, 
that  clods  of  grafs  thrown  into  any  pond,  feed 
any  Carps  in  fuinmer  \  and  that  garden-earth 


Chap.  XX.  7^  Complete  Angler.    2S1 

and  parflcy  thrown  into  a  pond,  recovers  and  re- 
freilies  the  fick  fi(b.  And  note,  that  when  yoii^ 
ilore  your  pond,  you  are  to  put  into  it;  two  or 
three  melters  for  one  fpawner,  if  you  put  them 
into  a  breeding  pond  \  but  if  into  a  iiurle-pond, 
or  feeding-pond,  in  which  they  will  not  breed» 
then  no  care  is  to  be  taken,  whether  there  be 
moft  male  or  female  Carps  *• 

It  is  obfervfd,  that  the  bcft  ponds  to  brecci 
Carps  are  thofe  that  be  ftoney  or  fandy,  and  are 
warm,  and  free  from  wind,  and  that  are  not 
deep,  but  have  willow-trees  and  grafs  on  their 
fides,  over  which  the  water  does  fometimcs  flow : 
and  note,  that  Carps  do  more  ufually  breed  in 
marle-pits,  or  pits  that  have  clean  clay  bottoms, 
or  in  new  ponds,  or  ponds  that  lie  dry  a  winter 
feafon,  than  in  old  ponds,  that  be  full  of  mud 
and  weeds. 

Well,  fcholar,  I  have  told  you  the  fubftance 
of  all  that  either  obfervation  or  difcourfe,  or  a 
diligent  furvey  of  Duhraroius  and  Lebault  hath 
told  me  ;  not  that  they  in  their  long  difcourfes 
have  not  faid  more,  but  the  moft  of  the  reft  arc 
i(^  common  obfervations,  as  if  a  man  Ihould  tell  a 

*  Theaothor  has,  p.  179.  on  the  aathority  of  Gefner^ 
'told  iM,  that  a  Carp  had  been  known  to  live,  in  the  PaU-- 
iinaie,  above  an  hundred  years.  The  fa6l,  as  related  by 
Gefiier,  is  Co  curious  as  to  deferve  a  more  particular  men* 
ticn^  and  is  as  follows : 

*'  In  the  year  1497*  a  fiih  was  caught  in  a  pond  near 
**  Hajiprum  in  Suabia^  with  a  brafs  ring  at  bis  gills,  in 
•*  which  were  engraved  thefe  words :  I  am  tbefrftfi/h  which 
**  Frederick  the  Secondt  governor  of  the  ivorld^  fut  into  this 
*•  fond^  the  fifth  of  OSohtr  1233**  By  which  it  appears^ 
that  this  £(h  had  then  lived  two  handrcd  and  fixty  odd 
years. 

good 


%ii        TTf^  Complete  AwcLERt    Parti. 

good  arithmetician,  that  twice  two  is  four.  I 
will  therefore  put  an  end  to  this  difcourfe,  and 
we  will  here  (it  down  and  reft  us  ^. 


CHAP.    XXI. 

DireSHons  for  making  of  a  Line,  and  for  the 
colouring  of  both  Rod  and  Line. 

Pi  S  C  AT  O  R. 

WELL,  fcholar,  I  have  held  you  too 
long  about  thefe  cadis,  and  fmaller  filht 
and  rivers,   and  fi(h  ponds,   and  myr 
fpirits  are  almoil  fpent,  and  lb  I  doubt  is  your 
patience-,  but  being  we  are  now  almoft  at  7W- 
iinbamy  where  I  firft  met  you,  and  where. we 

are 

•  As  the  method  of  ordering  fifti -ponds  is  now  very  well 
Icnown,  and  there  are  few  books  of  gardening  but  What 
give  fonie  directions  about  it,  it  is  hoped  the  reader  will 
think  the  following  quotation  irom  Bowlker  fufficient,  hy 
way  of  annotation  on  this  chapter. 

**  When  you  intend  to  Hock  a  pool  with  Carp  or  TencK 
•*  makea  clofc  ^thering-hedge  acrofs  the  head  of  the'pocd 
*<  about  a  yard  diilance  of  the  dam,  and  about  three  feet 
"  above  the  water,  which  is  the  beft  refuge  for  them  I  know 
**  of,  and  the  only  method  to  preferve  pool-fi(h;  becaufe  if 
j"*  any  one  attempts  to  rob  the  pool,  muddies  the  water,  or 
•'  diilurbsit  with  nets,  moll  of  the  filh,  if  not  all,  immA* 
^'  diately  fly  between  the  hedge  and  the  dam,  to  preferYc 
**  thcmfelves ;  and  in  all  pools,  where  there  are  fuch  (he)terA 
'*^  and  (hades,  the  ifh  delight  to  fwiia  backwards  and  fox- 
'**  wards,  through  and  round  the  fame,  rubbing  and  fportin^ 
**  thcmfelves  therewith.  This  hedge  ought  to  be  made 
**  chiefly  of  orl«,  and  not  too  dofc,  the  boughs  long  and 

**  ftraggUn^ 


it 


Chap.  XXI.  STi^CoMPLETE  Angler.    285 

to  part,  I  will  lofc  no  time,  but  give  you  a 
little  direftion  how  to  make  and  order  your 
lines,  and  to  colour  the  hair  of  which  you  m^kt 

**  ilraggling  tQ>yards  the  dam,  by  which  means  you  may  feed 
^*  and  fatten  them  as  you  pleafe.  The  befl  baits  for  drawing 
**  them  together  at.firft,  are,  nuggQts  or  young  wafps ;  the 
f*  next  are,  bullock's- brains  aiui  lob-worms  chopped  toge- 

V  ther^  and  thrown  into  the  pools  in  large  quantities,  aboiic 
^  two  hours  before  fun-fet,  fummer  and  winter.     By  thus 

ufing  thefe  ground-baits,  once  a  day  for  a  fortnight  toge- 
ther, the  fi(h  will  come  as  conftantly  and  naturally  to  the 
"  place,  as  cattle  to  iheir  fodder ;  aud  to  fatisfy  your  curio- 
*'  iity,  and  coij^vince  you  herein,  after  you  have  baited  the 
f*  pool  for  fome  time,  as  dirc6led,  take  about  the  quantity 
''  of  a  two-penny  loaf  of  wbeaten  bread,  cut  it  into  flicea 
f  and  wet  it ;  then  throw  it  into  the  pool  where  you  had 
^*  baited,  and  the  Carp  will  feed  upon  it:  after  you  have 
f  ufed  the  wet  bread  three  or  four  mornings,  then  throw 
**  fome  dry  bread  in.  which  will  lie  on  the  tap  of  the  water : 
*'  and  if  ycjfu  watch,  out  of  fight  of  the  filh,  you  will  pre- 
**  fently  fee  them  fwim  to  it  and  fuck  it  in.  I  look  upon 
f  wheaten  bread  to  be  the  bed  food  for  them,  though  barley 
"  or  oaten  bread  is  very  good.  If  there  be  Tench  and 
**  Pearch  in  the  fame  pond,  they  will  feed  upon  the  four 
f*  former  baits,  and  not  touch  the  bread.     Indeed  there  b 

V  no  pool-iifh  fo  fhy  and  nice  as  a  Carp.  When  the  water 
*'  is  ^illurbed,  Carp  will  fly  to  the  fafeft  ihelter  they  can  ; 
"  which  I  one  day  obferved,  when  aflifting  a  gentleman 
**  to  fifli  his  pool;  for  another  perfon  difturbed  the  water, 

V  by  throwing  the  cafting-net,  but  caught  never  a  Carp  ; 

V  whereupon  two  or  three  of  us  ftrippcd,  and  went  into  the 
f  *  pool,  which  was  provided  with  fuch  a  fort  of  a  hedge  in 
"  it  as  is  before  defcribed,  whither  the  Carp  had  fled  for 
1'  fafety ;  then  flftiing  with  our  hands  on  both  fides  the 
**  hedge,  that  is  one  on  either  fide,  we  catched  whatquan- 

V  tity  of  Carp  was  wanting."     Bonxjlkery  6z. 

The  reader  may  alfo  confult  a  book  publifbed  about  the 
year  1720,  intitled,  ^  difcourfe  of  Fijb  and  Fijh  ponds ^  by 
a  perfon  of  honour ;  who,  I'have  been  told  by  one  that 
knew  him,  was  the  Hon.  Roger  Nc.thy  author  of  Tlfc  Life 
of  the  Lord  Keeper  Guilford.     See  p.  127. 

your 


^t^        ?Zi^  Complete  Angler*    Parti. 

your  lines,  for  that  is  very  needful  to  be  known 
of  an  angler;  and  alfo  how  to  paint  your  rod, 
cfpecially  your  top,  for  a  right-grown  top  is  a 
choice  commodity,  and  Ihould  be  prcfervcd 
frbm  the  water  foaking  into  it,  which  makes  ic 
in  wet  weather  to  be  heavy,  and  fi(h  iU-favour- 
edly,  and  not  true,  and  alfo  it  rots  quickly  for 
want  of  painting :  and  I  think  a  good  top  is 
worth  preferving,  or  I  had  not  taKea  care  to 
keep  a  top  above  twenty  years  *• 

But 

*  The  author  having  faid  nothing  about  chafing  or 
4nakiD£  rods  in  any  part  of  his  book^  it  was  thought  pro- 
per to  infert  the  following  directions.  For  fifliing  at  the 
dottom.  whether  with  a  running- line  or  float,  the  reed  or 
cane-rod  is,  on  account  of  its  lightnefs  and  elaflicity»  the 
beily  efpecially  if  you  angle  for  thofe  fifh  which  bite  but 
tenderly,  as  Roach  and  Dace ;  and  of  thefe  there  are  roda 
that  put  up»  and  make  a  walking- flick  ;^  there  are  others, 
in  many  joints,  that  put  up  all  together  in  a  bag,  and  4lre 
therefore  called  bag- rods;  thefe  lau  are  very  ufeful  to  travel 
with,  as  they  take  up  but  little  room.  Next  to  thefe  is  the 
iiafel,  but  that  is  more  apt  to  warp  than  the  cane :  Ihefe, 
as  alfo  excellent  fly-rods,  are  to  be  had  at  all  the  fiihing- 
tackle  ftiops  in  London^  and  therefore  need  no  particular 
clefcription  ;  only  be  careful,  whenever  you  befpeak  a^rod 
cf  reed  or  cane,  that  the  workman  does  not  rafp  down  into 
the  bark  whfch  grows  round  the  joints,  a  fault  which  the 
makers  of  rods  are  often  guilty  of;  the  confequence  whereoif 
is,  that  the  rod  is  thereby  made  weaker  at  the  joints  than 
clfewhere ;  and  there  being  no  bark  to  repel  the  wet,  ic 
ibon  rots,  and,  whenever  yoa  hook  a  large  £(lr,  certainly 
breaks. 

But  if  you  live  in  the  country,  and  are  forced  to  make 
your  own  rods,  take  thefe  directions  : 

Between  the  laiter  end  of  No'vember  and  Chriftnuu^  whet 
the  fap  is  gone  down  into  the  roots  of  trees,  gather  the« 
firaited  hafels  youcan  find  for  flocks,  and  let  them,  -at  the 
greater  end,  be  about  .nn  inch  or  more  in  diameter  :  at  the 
fame  time  gather  flioots  of  a  lefs  iize  for  middle -pieces  and 
tops ;  tic  them  together  in  a  bundle,  and  let  them  lie  on  a 

dry 


Chap.  XXI.  TZ^CoMTPLETE  Anglbr.    2^5 

But  firft  for  your  line.  Firft,  hotc,  that  you 
dre  to  take  care  that  your  hair  be  round  and 
clear,  and  free  from  galls  or  fc3b$^  or  frets ;  for 
a  well-chofen,  even,  clear,  round  hair,  of  a  kind 
of  glafs-Golour,  will  prove  as  ftrong  as  th^ee  un- 

cvei> 

ity  loor  ;  at  the  ead  of  ffteen  montks  matcli  them  together, 
and  to  the  (lender  end  of  the  tops>  aAer  catting^  off  about 
eight  or  ten  inches,  whip  a  fine  taper  piece  of  whalebone  of 
that  length ;  then  cat  the  endi  of  the  ftock,  the  middle-piec« 
and  the  top  with  a  long  flant,  fo  that  they  may  join~exa£ll7 
10  each  other,  and  fpread  fome  (hoemaker's-Waxy  very  thin, 
ever  the  flants ;  bind  them  neatly  with  ftrong  waxed  thread  : 
and  lailly,  6x  a  ftrong  Ybop  of  horfe-hair  to  the  whalebone  9 
kt  the  rod,  fo  made,  lie  a  week  to  fettle  before  you  ufe  it  t 
ia  this  manner  alA>  yoo  are  to  make  a  ily-rod ;.  only  ob* 
&rve,  that  the  latter  muft  be  much  flenderer  from  the  end 
•f  the  ftock  than  the  former. 

But,  for  the  neaieft  fly-rod  yow  can  make,  get  a  yellows 
whole-deal  board  |hat  is  free  from  knots,  cat  off  about 
ieven  feet  of  the  beft  end,  and  faw  it  into  fquare  breadths  ^ 
kt  a  joiner  plane  off  the  angles,  and  make  it  perfi;£tlyroand^ 
a  little  tapering,  and  this  will  ferve  for  the  ftock :  then  piece 
to  it  a  fine  ftrait  hafel,  of  about  Qx  feet  long,  and  then  a 
delicate  piece  of  fine-grained  yew,  planed  round  likr  aa 
arrow,  and  tapering,  with  whalebone  as  before,  of  about 
two  het  in  length :  there  is  no  determining  precifely  the 
kngth  of  a  fly-rod,  bat  one  of  fourteen  feet  is  as  long  as 
can  be  well  managed  with  one  hand.  ^  To  colour  the  ftock^ 
dip  a  feather  in  aqua  fbrtis,  and,  with  your  hand,  xhafe 
M  into  the  deal,  and  it  will  be  of  a  ci  an  am  on.  colour. 

But  before  yon  attempt  this  fort  of  work,^  you  muft  be 
able  to  bind  neatly,  and  faften  oft\  for  which  diredion^ 
are  given  in  the  notes  on  Chap.. XVI T. 

When  the  feaibn  is  over^  and  you  have  done  with  your 
vods,  take  them  to  pieces,  and  bind  the.  joints  to  a  ftrait 
pole,  and  let  them  continue  fo  bound  till  the  feafon  returns 
ibr  uflng  them  again.  See  more  dire£lions  about  the  fly- 
tod.  Part  II.  Chap.  V. 

Rods  for  Barbel,  Carp,  and  other  targe  fifli,  ihould  be  of 
hafel,  and  proportionably  ftrongci  than  tho&  for  jtoaclk 

and 


a86    .     7i&^  Complete  Ancler.    Partfi 

even  fcabby  hairs,  that  are  ill  chofen,  and  full  of 
galls  or  unevcnnefs.  You  (hall  feldotn  find  a 
black  hair  but  it  is  round,  but  many  white  are  flat 
and  uneven ;  therefore  if  you  get  a  lock  of  right, 
round,  clear,  glafs-colour  hair,  make  much  of  it« 
.And  for  making  your  line,  obfervc  this  rule  ; 
firft  let  your  hair  be  clean  walhed  ere  you  go 
about  to  twift  it:  and  then  chufe  not  only  the 
cleared  hair  for  it,  but  hairs  that  be  of  an  equal 
bignefs,  for  fuch  do  ufually  ftretch  all  together, 

and  Dace  :  and  note,  that  for  fly-filhing  the  bamboo-cane 
is  excellent.  Screws  to  rods  are  not  only  heavy,  and  apt 
to  be  out  of  repair,  bat  they  are  abiblotely  unneceflary  ; 
and  the  common  way  of  inserting  one  joint  in  another  is 
fufficiently  fecure,  if  the  work  be  true. 

Our  forefathers  were  wont  to  purfue  even  their  amafe- 
ments  with  great  formality.  An  angler  of  the  L|ll  age  mad 
have  his  Hfhing-coat,  which,  if  not  black,  was,  :at  leaft»  of 
a  very  dark  colour ;  a  black  velvet  cap,  like  thofe  which 
jockeys  now  wear,  only  larger,  and  a  rod  with  a  ftock  as 
lone  as  a  halbert ;  and  thus  equipped*  would  he  (lalk 
/orth  with  the  eyes  of  a  whole  neighbourhood  upon  him. 

But  in  thefe  later  days  bag-rods  have  been  invented, 
which  the  angler  may  eaiily  conceal,  and  do  not  proclaim 
to  all  the  world  where  he  is  going  :  thofe  for  float-fifhing 
jire  now  becon>e  common,!  but  this  invention  has  lately  been 
extended  to  rods  for  fiy-fiihing ;  and  here  follo\^s  a  de- 
fcription  of  fuch  a  neat,  portable,  and  ufeful  one,  as  no 
angler,  that  has  once  tried  it,  will  ever  be  without. 

Let  the  joints  be  four  in  number,  and  made  of  hiccapy, 
or  fome  fuch  very  tough  wood,  and  two  feet  four  inches  in 
length,  the  largefl  joint  not  exceeding  half  an  inch  in 
thicknefs.  The  top  mud  be  bamboo  fliaved  ;  and  for  the 
ftock  let  it  be  of  a(h,  full  in  the  grafp,  of  an  equal  length 
with  the  other  joints,  and  with  a  ftrong  ferrel  at  the  fmaller 
end,  made  to  receive  the  large  joint,  which  muft  be  weH 
ihouldered,  and  fitted  |o  it  with  the  utmoft  exaftnefs/ 

This  rod  will  go  into  a  bag,  and  lie  very  well  concealed 
in  a  pocket,  in  the  lining  of  your  coat  on  the  left-lide, 
made  llrait  on  purpofe  to  receive  it. 

and 


Chap, XXI.  Tbf  Complete  Angler.  28^7 
:and  break  all  togetber,  which  hairs  of  an  un- 
equal bignefs  never  do,  but  break  fingly,  and 
fo  deceive  the  angler  that  trufts  to  thetn. 

When  you  have  twifted  your  links,  lay  them 
-in>  water  for  a  quarter  of  an  hour  ac  leaft,  and 
then  twift  them  over  again  before  you  tie  themf 
into  a  line :  for  thofe  Chat  do  not  lo»  ihall  ufu^ 
ally  find  their  Ime  to  have  a  hair  or  two  (hrink^ 
and  be  fhorter  than  the  reft  at  the  firft  fifhing 
with  it,  which  is  fo  much  of  the  ftrength  of  the 
line  loft  for  want  of  firft  watering  it»  and  theo 
re-twifting  it ;  and  this  is  moft  vifible  in  a  feven-^ 
bair  line,  one  of  thofe  which  hath  always  a  black 
hair  in  the  middle  *. 

And 

^  Yotrr  fine,  whether  it  be  a  runnhtg-Iine,  or  for  fioat- 
Hfkingt  had  beft  be  of  hair,  unlefs  yon  iifh  for  Barbel, 
and  then  it  muft  be  of  flrong  filk  ;  and  the  latter  mad  be 
prc^rtioned  to  the  general  fize  of  the  £(h  you  expedl'; 
always  remembering,  that  the  fingle  hair  is  to  be  pre- 
ferred for  Roach  or  Dace-filhing  i  bnt  the  fly -line- is  to  be 
very  flrong,  and,  for  the  greater  facility  in  throwing, 
ibould  be  eighteen  or  twenty  hairs  at  the  top,  and  fo  dt- 
miniOiing  infenfibly^to  the  hook.  There  are  lines  now  to 
be  had,  at  the  Efhing-tackle  (hops,  that  have  no  jointr, 
but  wove  in  one  piece. 

But  notwithftanding  this,  and  other  improvement9>»  per- 
haps, fome  may  dill  chufe  to  make  thieir  own  lines ;  m 
which  cafe,  if  they  prefer  thofe  twifted  with  the  fingers, 
they  need  only  obferve  the  rules  given  by  the  author  for 
that  purpofe  :  but,  for  greater  neatnefs  and  expedition,  I 
would  recommend  an  engine  lately  invented,  which  is  now 
to  be  had  at  almoft  any  fifhing-tackle  (hop  in  London  ;  h 
confifts  of  a  large  horizontal  wheel,  and  three  ve^y  Ihiall 
ones,  inclofed  in  a  bra^  box  about  a  quarter  of  an  inch 
thick,  and  two  inches  in  diameter ;  the-axis  of  each  of  the 
fmall  wheels  is. continued  through  the  nnder-fide  of  the^ 
box,  and  is  formed  into  a  hook :  by  means  of  a  ftrong 
fcrew  it  may  be  fixed  in  any  poft  or  pahirion,  and  is  {ti  \%k 
motion  by  a  fmftU  winch  io-the^ceatre  of  the  box* 

To 


288         ?'i&^  CoMFLKTE  Akolbr.    Part  1 

And  for  dyeing  of  your  baics,  do  it  thus : 
take  a  pint  of  flrong  ale,  half  a  pound  of  foot, 
and  a  little  quantity  of  the  juice  of  walnut- 
tree  leaves^  and  an  equal  quancky  of  allum  i 

put 

To  twtft  Hoki  with  ihtf  tagioe,  tak^  as  aany  hain  as  yM 
Intend  each  (hall  cpnfift  of,  and,  dividmg  them  into  three 

{larts,  tie  each  parcel  to  a  bit  of  fine  twice,  about  iix  inches 
ongt  doubled,  and  pat  throagh  the  aforefaid  hooks;  then 
take  a  piece  of  lead^  of  a  conical  figore,  two  inches  high« 
and  two  in  diameter  at  the  bafe,  with  a  hook  at  the  apex, 
or  point ;  tie  yoar  three  parcels  of  hair  into  one  knot,  and 
to  this,  by  the  hook,  hang  the  weight. 

Laftly,  Take  a  common  bottle-cork»  and  cut  into  the 
fides,  at  equal  di (lances,  three  grooves ;  and  {facing  it  fo  as 
to  receive  each  diviiion  of  hair,  begin  to  twift :  you  will  find 
the  link  begin  to  twift  with  great  evennefs  at  w  lead ;  as  it 
grows  tighter,  (hift  the  cork  a  little  upwards;  and  when 
the  whole  is  fufficiently  twifted,  take  out  the  cork,  and  tie 
the  link  into  a  knot ;  and  fo  proceed  till  you  have  twified 
links  fufiicient  for  your  line,  obferving  to  IcflTen  the  num- 
ber of  hairs  in  each  link  in  fuch  proportion  as  that  the  line 
nay  be  ^aper.  See  the  engine,  Plate-  X.  Fig.  7.  Fig.  $« 
is  the  form  of  the  cork. 

When  you  ufe  the  fly,  you  will  find  it  necefiary  to  con^ 
tinne  your  line  to  a  greater  degree  pf  finenefs ;  in  order  to 
which,  fuppofing  the  line  to  be  eight  yards  in  length,  fafien 
a  piece  or  three  or  four  twifted  luks,  tapering  till  it  be- 
comes of  the  fize  of  a  fine  grafs,  and  to  the  end  of  this  fix' 
your  hook -link,  which  ihonld  be  either  of  very  fine  grafs, 
or  filk-worm  gut.  A  week's  pradlice  well  enable  a  learner 
to  throw  one  of  thefe  lines ;  and  he  may  lengthen  it,  by  a 
yard  at  a  time,  at  the  greater  end,  till  he  Can  throw  fifteen 
yards  neatly ;  till  when  he  is  to  reckon  himfelf  but  a  novice. 
Fox  the  colour,  you  muft  be  determined  by  that  of  the 
river  you  fi(h  in  :  but  1  have  found  that  a  line  of  the  colour 
^►f  pepper  and  fait,  when  mixed,  will  fuit  any  water* 

Many  inconveniencies  attend  the  ufe  of  twilled  hairs  for 
yoor  hook-line  ;  fee  Part  II.  Chap.  V.  Si  Ik -worm  gut  is 
both  fine  and  very  ftrong,  but  then  it  is  apt  to  fray ;  though 
fki*.may,  in  fpme  meafure,  be  prevented  by  waxing  it  weU» 


Chap. XXI.  Jl'^" Complete  Angler.      289 

put  thcfe  together  into  a  pot,  pan,  or  pipkin,  and 
boil  them  half  an  hour ;  and  having  fo  done,  let 
it  cool ;  and  being  cold,  put  your  hair  into  it, 
and  there  let  it  lie;  it  will  turn  your  hair  to  be  a 
kind  of  water  or  glafs-colour,  or  greenilh,  and 
the  longer  you  let  it  lie,  the  deeper  coloured  it 
will  be ;  you  might  be  taught  to  make  man7 
other  colours,  but  it  is  to  little  purpofe  -,  for 
doubtlefs  the  water-colour,  or  glafs-coloured  hair^ 
is  the  moft  choice  and  mod  ufeful  for  an  angler  ^ 
but  let  it  not  be  too  green.        ^^. 

But  if  you  defire  to  colour  hair  gcrener,  then 
do  it  thus:  take  a  quart  of  fmall  ale;  half  a 
pound  of  allum ;  then  put  thefe  Jnto  a  pan,  or 
pipkin^  and  your  hair  into  it  with  them  ;  then 

tndiant  or  fea-grafs,  makes  excellent  hook-lmes ;  and 
Ihoogh  (bme  objed  to  it,  as  being  apt  to  grow  brittle,  and 
toilink  in  uiing,  with  proper  management  it  is /the  beft 
material  for  the  parpofe  yet  known,  efpecially  if  ordered 
m  the  following  manner : 

Take  as  many  of  the  fined  you  can  get,  as  you  pleafe,  put 
them  into  any  velTel,  and  pour  therein  the  fcummed  fat  of 
a  pot  wherein  freih,  but  by  ao  means  fait  meat  has  been 
boiled ;  when  they  have  lain  three  or  four  hours,  take  them 
out  one  by  one,  and  dripping  the  greafe  off  with  your  finger 
and  thumb,  but  do  not  wipe  them,  (Iretch  each  grafs  as 
long  as  it  will  yield,  coil  them  up  in  rings,  aad  lay  them 
by,  and  you  will  find  them  become  near  as  fmall,  full  as 
round,  and  much  ftronger  than  the  bed  fingle  hairs  you 
tan  get.  To  preferve  them  moid,  keep  them  iil  a  piece 
of  bladder  well  oiled,  and,  before  you  ufe  them,  let  thent 
foak  about  half  an  hour  in  water;  or,  in  your  walk  to  the 
river-fide,  put  a  length  of  it  into  your  mouth. 

If  your  grafs  is  coarfe,  it  will  fall  heavily  in  the  water^ 
txii  fczrc  away  the  fi(h ;  on  which  account,  gut  has  the  ad- 
vantage. But,  after  all,  if  yottr  grafs  be  fine  and  rounds' 
it  13  the  beft  thing  you  can  ufe. 

U  pul 


put  it  upoB'  a*  fire,  and  let  it  boil  foftly  for  half 
an  hour  \  and  eheiivtake  out  your  hair,  and  kt 
k  dry  v  andf  having  fo  done,  then  take  a  pa&- 
<k  o£  water,,  and  put  into  it  two  handfub  c^ 
narigolds,.  and  cover  is  wkh  a  tiie,  %»  what 
•you  think,  fifi,  and  fet  it  again  on  the  fire^ 
where  it  is  io  boil  agatn^  foftly  for  half  an  hou% 
about  which  time  the  fcum  will  turn  yellow  ;^ 
then  put  into  it  half  a  pound,  of  copperas,  beaten^ 
fmall,  aod  with. it  the  hair 'that  you  intend  to 
colour  f.  then  let  thei  haif  be  boiled  foftly  tiH 
l^ftlf  the  liquor  be  wafted;,  and  then  let  ic  cooL 
three  or  four  hours,  with  your  hair  in  tt  r  and^ 
you  aie  to  obferve,.  that  the  more  €(^>peras^ 
you  put  into  it,  the  gpeener  it  will  be;  but 

^doubtlefs,.  the  pale  green  is.  befr:  but  if  you. 
define  yellow  hair,  which:  \»  only  *good  whetv 
the  weeds  rGt^  then  put  in  the  mxat  marigolds^ 
and  abate  mod  of  the  copperas^  or  leave  it 
quite  out,  and  take  a.  little  v^digreafe  inftead 
of  it. 

This  for  eofouring^  your  Kaiir.  Mtid  as  foB 
painting  your  rod,  which  muft  be  m  oil,  yoa 
mud  Brit  make  a  fize  with  glue  and  water  boil- 

,  cd  together  until  the  glue  be  diiTolved,  and  the 
ilze  of  a  lye  colour ;  then  ftrike  your  fize  upot^ 
the  wood  with  a  brittle,,  or  a  brufh,  or  pencil,, 
whilft  it  is  hot;,  that  being  quite  dry,  take 
white*lead,  and  a  little  red -lead,  and  a  Uttk^ 
coaU black,  fomucbas^  all  together  will  mak^ 
an  afh'Colour;  grind  thcfe  all  together  with 
llnreed-oil ;  let  ic  be  thick,  and  lay  it  thin  x^ovk 
the  wood  with  a  br^ofla  or  pencil;  this  do  for  th^ 
ground  of  any  colour  tp  Uc  upon  woodv 

1  For 


Chap.  XXI.  ne  Complete  A  holer.    29^ 

For  a  green :  take  pink  and  verdigreafe,  and 
grind  them  together  in  linfeed-oil,  as  thin  as 
you  can  well  grmd  it ;  then  lay  it  fmoothly  on 
with  your  brulh,  and  drive  it  thin  \  once  doing, 
far  the  moft  part  will  Arvc^  if  you  lay  it  well:; 
Md  if  twice,  be  fure  your  iirfl^  colour  be  tho- 
roughly dry  before  you  lay  on  a  fecond. 

Wdl,  fcholar,  having  now  taught  you  to 
paint  your  rod,  and  we  having  (till  a  <nile.  to 
ToiUnbam-highHrofs^  I  will,  as  we  walk  towards 
it,  in  the  cool  (hade  of  this  fweet  honeyfuckle 
hedge,  mention  to  you  fome  of  the  thoughts  and 
joys  that  liave  pofleft  my  foul  fince  we  two  met 
together.  And  thefe  thoughts ftiali  be  told  you, 
that  you  alfo  may  join  with  me  in  thankfulnefs, 
to  the  Giver  of  every  good  and  perfcdt  gift,  for 
Otir  happinefs.  And,  that  our  prefent  happinefs 
may  appear  to  be  the-gr-eater,  and  we  the  more 
thankful  for  it,  I  will  beg  you  to  confider  with 
me,  how  many  do,  even  at  this  very  time,  lie 
under  the  torment  of  the  ftone,  the  gout,  and 
tooth^ch ;  and  this  we  are  free  fpocn.  And  every 
mifery  that  I  mifs  is  a  new  mercy,  and  therefore 
let  us  be  thankful.  There  have  been,  fince  w<? 
met,  others  that  have  met  difaftens  of  broken 
Jimbs  -,  ^bmc  have  been  blafted,  others  thunder* 
ftrucken ;  and  we  have  been  freed  from  thcfe, 
and  all  thofe  many  other  miferies  that  threaten 
human  nature }  let  us  therefore  rejoice  and  be 
thankful.  Nay,  which  is  a  far  greater  mercy, 
we  are  free  from  the  unfupportable  burthen  of 
an  accufing  tormenting  confcience;  a  mifery  that 
fione  can  bear,  and  tl^refore  let  us  praife  him 
"for  his  preventing  grace,  and  fay,  wery  mifery 

U  z  that 


2yz       ^he  Complete  Angler.     Part  L 

that  I  mifs  is  a  new  mercy :  nay,  let  me  tell  youy 
ihere  be  many  that  have  forty  times  our  eftates^ 
that  would  give  the  greateft  part  of  it  to  be 
healthful  and  chearful  like  us ;  who,  with  the 
expence  of  a  little  money,  have  eat  and  drank^ 
and  laught,  and  angled,  and  fung,  and  flept  fe- 
curely  -,  and  rofe  next  day,  and  caft  away  care,, 
and  iftifig,  and  laught,  and  angled  again  ^  which 
aire  bleffings  vich  men  cannot  purchafe  with  alL 
their  money-    Let  me  tell  you,  fchdlar,  I  have 
a  rich  neighbour^  that  is  always  fo  bufy  that  he. 
has  no  leiiure  to  kugh ;  the  whole  bufinefs  of  his» 
life  is  to  get  money,  suid  more  money,  that .  he: 
may  (liU  get  more  and  moEe  money ;  he  is  ftilk 
drudging  on,  and  fays,  that  Solomon  fays,  ^^  The: 
M  diligent  hand  maketh  rich;*'  and  it  is  true 
indeed;  but  he  confiders- not  that  'tis  not  in  the 
power  of  riches  to  make  a  man  happy;  for  is. 
was  wifely  faki,.  by  a-  maa  of  great  obfervation,. 
.*^  That  there    be  as  many  mifcries    beyond 
"  riches,  as- on  this  fide  themV*  and  yet  God 
deliver  us  f jx)m  pinching  poverty  v  and  grants 
that  having  a  competency,  we  may  be  content,; 
and  thankful.     Let  not  us  repine,,  or  fo.mucb 
as  think  the  gifts  of  God  unequally  dealt)  if  we 
i^e  another  abound  with  riches;  when^  as. God- 
knows,  the  cares,  that  are  the  keys  tba^  keep 
tihofe  riches,  hang  often  fo  heavily  at  the  rich^ 
man's  girdle,  that  ihcy  clog  him  with  weary 
days  and  reftlcfs  nights,  even  when  others  fleep= 
quietly.     Wc  fee  but  the  otufide  of  the  richr 
mah's  happioefs ;  few  confider  him  to  be  like 
the  fiHc-worm,  that,  when  (he  fcems  to  play,  is,^ 
au:.  the  very  fame  time,  fpinning  her  own  bowels, 

and 


Chap.XXI.  JT^Complete  Anoler.      igg 

and  confuming  herfelf.  And  ahU  «many  rich 
men  do ;  loading  themfelves  with  corroding 
cares,  to  keep  what  they  have,  probably,^  un- 
confcionably  got.  Let  us,  therefore,  be  thank- 
ful for  health  and  competence,  and  above  all,  for 
a  quiet  confcience* 

Let  me  tell  you,  fcholar,  that  Diogenes  walk- 
ed on  a  day^  with  his  friend,  to  fee  a  country-* 
fair;  where  he  faw  ribbons,  and  looking-glafles^ 
and  nut-crackers,  and  fiddles,  and  hobby-horfes, 
and  many  other  gim-cracks^  and  having  ob- 
Termed  them,  and  all  the  other  finnimbruns  that 
make  a  compleat  country-fair,  -he  faid  to  his 
friend.,  "Lord!  how  many  things  are  therein 
^*  this-. world  of  which  Diogenes  hath  no  need,?'* 
And  truly  it  is  fo,  or  might  be  fo,  with  very 
many  who  vex  and  toil  themfelves  to  get  what 
they  have  no  need  of.  Can  any  iman  charge 
<3od,  that  he  hath  not  given  him  enough  to 
make  his  life  happy  ?  No,  doubtlefs  ^  for  na^ 
ture  is  concent  with  a  little  :  and  yet  you  ihaU 
hardly  meet  with  a  man,  that  complains  not  of 
ibme  want^  though  he,  indeed,  wants  nothing 
bat  his  will,  it  naay  be,  aiothing  but  bis  will  of 
his  poor  neighbour,  for  not  worfhipping,  or  not 
flattering  him :  and  thus,  when  we  might  be 
happy  and  quiet,  we  create  trouble  to  ourfelvcs. 
I  have  heard  a  man  that  was  angry  with  h[tx^ 
felf  becaufe  he  was  no  taller,  and  of  «  woniaa 
that  broke  her  loaking^Jafs  becaufe  <it  would  not 
ihew  heriace  to  be  as  young  and  handfome  as 
her  next  neighbour's  was.  And  I  knew  ano- 
ther, to  whom  God  had  given  health,  and  plen- 
ty; but  a  wife,  that  nature  had  made  pcevilh^ 
j^^d  her  hufband's  riches  had  made  purXe-proud^ 


bi 


a94        Tbi  CoiyiPLETE  AKctFit.      l^artl. 

tnd  muft,  becaufe  (he  was  rich,  and  for  no  other 
virtue,  fit  in  the  highcft  pew  in  the  church ; 
which  being  denied  her,  (he  engaged  her  huf* 
band  into  a  contention  for  it,   and  at  lad  into  a 
Uiw-fuit,  with  a  dogged  neighbour  who  was  as  ^ 
rich  as  he,  and  had  a  wife  as  peeviffi  and  purfe- 
proud  as  the  other:    and  this  law-fuit  begot 
higher  oppofitions,    and  actionable  words,  and 
more  vexations  and  law-fuits  j  for  you  muft  re- 
member that  both  were  rich,   and  muft:  there- 
fore have  their  wilh.     Well,  this  wilful  purfe- 
proud  law-fuit,  lafted  during  the  Kfe  of  the 
firft  hiifband  ;   after  which  his  wife  vext  and 
chid,  and  chid  and  vext,  till  fhe  alfo  chid  and 
vext  herfelf  into  her  grave :   and  fo  the  wealth 
of  thefe  poor  rich  people  was  curft  into  a  puniQi-.' 
mcnt,   becaufe  they  wanted  meek  and  thankful 
hearts ;  for  thofe  only  can  make  us  happy,     I 
knew  a  man  that  had  health  and  riches,  an^  ie- 
veral  houfes,  all  beautiful,  and  ready  furnifhed, 
and  would  often  trouble  himfelf,  and  family  ta 
fee  removing  from  one  houfe  to  another ;    and* 
being  alked  by  a  friend.  Why  he  removed  fo 
often  from  one  houfe  to  another  ?  replied,  "  It 
**  was  to  find  content  in  fome  one  of  them."  But 
his  friend  knowing  his  temper,  told  hira.  If  he 
would  find  content  in  any  of  his  houfes,  he  muft 
leave  himfelf  behind  him;  for  content  will  ne- 
ver dwell  but  in  a  meek  and  quiet  foul.     And 
this  may  appear,  if  we  read  and  confider  what  our 
Saviour  fays  in  St.  Mailbew*B  gofpel ;   for  he 
there  fays, — *'  Bleflcd  be  the  merciful,  for  they^ 
♦'  fliall  obtain  mercy. — Blefled  be  the  pure  in- 
**  heart,  for  they  (hall  fee  God. — Bleflfcd  be  the 
♦*  popr  in  fpirit,  for  theirs  is  the  kingdom  of 

♦'  heaveii. 


Chap.  XXI.  Tie  Cokipxete  An^gler.     1^95 

*'  heaveo.  And,— Bleffed  be  the  meek,  for 
^  they  (hall  poffefs  the  earth/*  Not  that  the 
meek  (hall  not  alfo  obtain  mercy,  and  fee  God^ 
and  be  comforted,  and  at  iaft  come  to  the  king- 
"dom  of  heaven*,  but  in  the  mean  time  he,  and 
lie  only,  .poflefles  the  earth  as  he  goes  toward 
that  kingdom  of  heaven,  by  being  humble  and 
ichearful,  and  cofitent  widi  what  his  good  &od 
lias  alkted  him.  He  has  ne  turbulent,  repining, 
vexatious  thoughts,  that  he  deferves  betcer ;  nor 
h  vext  when  he  fees  others  poffdft  ©f  more  ho- 
.nour  or  more  I'iches  than  his  wife  God  has  al- 
lotted for  his  ibare^  but  he  pofleiTes  what  he  ha« 
ivith  a  meek  and  contented  quietnefs,  fuch  a 
rquietnefs  as  makes  his  very  di^ams  pleafing^ 
"ooch  to  God  and  himfelf. 

My  honefl:  fcholar,  dl  this  i^  tdd  to  incline 
you  to  thankfulnefs ;  and  to  incline  you  the  more. 
Jet  me  teli  you,  that  though  the  prophet  David 
'was  guilty  of  murder  and  adultery,  -and  many 
other  of  the  moft  deadly  fins,  yet  he  was  faid  t0 
ibe  a  man  after  God's  own  heart,  becaufe  he 
Abounded  more  with  thankfulnefs  than  any  other 
that  is  nnentioned  in  holy  fcripture,  as  may  ap- 
pear in  his  book  of  Pfalms ;  where  tliere  is  fuch 
<a  commixture  of  his  confefling  of  his  fins  and 
unwonthinefs^  and  iuch  thankfulnefs  for  God^a 
|>ardon  and  mercies,  as  did  make  bim  to  be  ac- 
counted, ej/e«  by  God  himfelf,  to  be  a  man  after 
his  own  heart  -,  and  let  us  in  that  labour  to  be  as 
like  him  as  we  can  ;  let  not  the  blcffings  we  re- 
ceive daily  from  God,  make  «s  not  to  value,  or 
not  praife  him,  becaufe  they  be  common ;  let 
not  us  forget  ta praife  him,  for  the  innt)ccnt  mirth 
mid  plcafure  we  have  met  with  fince  we  met  to-  / 

V  4  gather. 


\ 


996         The  Complete  Angler.      Fart  I. 

gether.  What  would  a  blind  man  give  to  fee 
the  pleafant  rivers,  and  meadows,  and  flowers, 
and  fountains,  that  we  have  met  with  fince  we 
met  together  ?  I  have  been  told,  that  if  a  man 
that  was  born  blind,  could  obtain  to  have  his 
fight  for  but  only  one  hour  during  his  whole 
life,  and  fhould,  at  the  firft  opening  of  his  eyes, 
fix  his  fight  upon  the  fun  when  jt  was  in  its  full 
glory,  either  at  the  rifing  or  fetting  of  it,  he 
would  be  fo  tranfported  and  amazed,  and  fo  ad- 
mire the  glory  of  it,  that  he  would  not  willingly 
turn  his  eyes  from  that  firft  raviQiing  object,  to 
behold  all  the  other  various  beauties  this  world 
could  prefent  to  him.  And  this,  and  many 
other  like  bltffings,  we  enjoy  daily,  and  for 
moft  of  them,  becaufe  the^  be  fo  common,  moft 
men  forget  to  pay  their  praifes ;  but  let  not  us, 
becaufe  it  is  a  facrificc  fo  pleafing  to  him  that 
made  the  fun  and  us,  and  Hill  proteds  us,  and 
gives  us  flowers  and  (howers,  and  ftomachs  and 
meat,  and  content,  and  leifurc  to  go  a  fifliing. 

Well,  fcholar,  I  have  almoft  tired  myfelf, 
and,  I  fear,  more  than  alnioft  tired  you :  but 
I  now  fee  Totlenbam-bigh-crofs,  and  our  (hort 
walk  thither  (hall  put  a  period  to  my  too  long 
difcourfe;  in  which  my  meaning  was  and  is,  to 
plant  that  in  your  mind,  with  which  I  labour  to 
poflcfs  my  own  foul-:  that  is,  a  meek  and  thank- 
ful heart.  And  to  that  end,  I  have  (hewM  you 
that  riches  without  them,  do  not  make  any  man 
happy.  But  bt  me  tell  you,  that  riches  with 
ihem  remove  many  fears  and  cares :  and  there- 
for^e  my  advice  is,  that  you  endeavour  t6  be  ho- 
neftly  rich,  or  contentedly  poor :  but  be  fure 
chat  your  riches  be  juftly  got,  or  you  fpoil  all. 

For 


Chap.  XXL  W^  CoMPLfiTE  Angler^      297 

For  it  is  well  faid  by  Cauffin  *,  "  he  that  lofes  his 
**  confcience,  has  nothing  left  that  is  worth  kcep- 
"  ing."  Therefore  be  fure  you  look  to  that.  And, 
in  the  next  place,  look  to  your  health  :  and  if 
you  have  it,  praife  God,  and  value  it  next  to  a 
good  confcience;  for  health  is  the  fecond  blefling 
that  we  mortals  are  capable  of-,  a  blefling  that 
money  cannot  buy,  and  therefore  value  it,  and 
be  thankful  for  it.  As  for  money,  which  may 
be  faid  to  be  the  third  blefling,  negleft  it  not: 
but  note,  that  there  is  no  neceflity  of  being  rich  : 
for  I  told  you,  the're  be  as  many  miferics  beyond 
riches,  as  on  this  fide  them  :  and,  if  you  have  a 
competence,  enjoy  it  with  a  meek,  chearfal, 
thankful  heart.  I  will  tell  you,  fcholar,  I  have 
heard  a  grave  divine  fay,  that  God  has  two  dwell- 
ings, one  in  heaven,  and  the  other  in  a  meek 
and  thankful  heart.  Which  almighty  God 
grant  to  me,  and  to  my  honefl:  fcholar :  and  fQ 
you  are  welcome  to  Tottenham-high-crofs. 

f^enat.  Well  mafl:er,  I  thank  you  for  all  your 
good  direftions,  but  for  none  more  than  this  lafl: 
of  thankfulnefs,  which  I  hope  I  fliall  never  for- 
get. And  pray  let*s  now  reft  ourfelves  in  this 
fweet  fliady  arbour,  which  nature  herfelf  has 
woven  with  her  own  fingers ;  'tis  fuch  a  con- 
texture of  woodbines,  fweet- brier,  jeflfamin,  and 
niyrtle,  and  fo  interwoven,   as  will  fecure  us 

•  Nicholas  CauJ/tn^  a  native  of  Troyes  in  Champagne,  wrote 
a  book  called,  The  Holy  Court ;  of  which  there  is  an  Englijh 
tranflation  in  folio.  He  was  efteemed  a  perfon  of  great  pro' 
bity,  and  of  fuch  a  fpirit,  that  he  attempted  to  difplace  car- 
dinal Richlieu  ;  but  that  mrniiler  proved  too  hard  for  him, 
and  got  him  banifiied.  The  fentiment  alcove  quoted  from 
him  is  wpfthy  of  Marcus  /Intohinuf  himfeif* 

^  '      both 


t^i       Vbe  CoMPLBTE  Ancler;      Partf; 

both  from  the  fun's  viakat  heat,  and  from  the 
approaching  (bower ;  and,  being  fat  down,  I 
will  requite  a  part  of  your  courtelies  with  a  bottle 
of  iaek,  milk,  oranges^  and  fugar;  which  all 
put  together,  make  a  drink  like  nedar,  indeed^ 
too  good  for  any  body  but  us  anglers  ;  aiut  fa, 
mafter,  here  is  a  full  ^afs  to  you  of  that  liquor  j^ 
and  when  you  have  pledged  me,  I  will  repeat 
the  verfes  which  I  promifed  you :  it  is  a  copy 
printed  amongft  fome  of  Sir  Hknry  IVoitonh  % 
and  doubtk&  made  either  by  him,  or  by  a  lover 
of  angling.  Come,  mafter,  rK>w  drink  a  glafs 
to  me,  and  then  I  will  pledge  you,  and  fall  to 
my  repetition  \  it  is  a  deieription  of  fuch  countryr 
recreations,  as  I  have  enjoyed  fince  1  had  the 
happtnefs  to  fall  jbto  your  company. 

^tv€rzng  fearSj  beari  tearing  cam^  . 
Anxious  ^bsy  untimely  tears, 

Ffyj  fly  to  courts^ 

Fly  to  fond  worldling^ sfports^ 
Where  firaifld  Sardonickyi»//Af  ar^  ghjtng  fiiS^ 
And  grief  is  forced  to  laugh  againjl  hr  will. 

fVhere  mirth's  but  mummery^ 

And  f arrows  only  real  M 

Fly  from  our  country  pafiimes^  flf^ 
Sad  troops  of  buman  mifery. 

Come  ferene  looks ^ 

Clear  as  the  cryfial  brooks y 
Or  the  pure  azur'd  heaven  thatjmiks  to  fie   .. 
She  rich  attendance  on  our  poverty  \ 

Peace  and  a  fecure  mind^ 

Which  all  menfeek^  we  only  find. 

Mufei 


<!iq).XXL  STA^ Complete  ANCLEit.     19* 

Ahufed  mortals^  did  you  know 

Where  joy  ^  bearfs-eafe  and  coptforts  grow^ 

Tou^dfcorn  proud  lowers^ 
>  Andfeek  them  in  thefe  bowers^ 
Where  winds  fometimes  our  woods  perhaps  tncy 

But  bluJiWing  care  could  never  tempeji  make^ 
Nor  rnurmurs  e'er  come  mgb  uSy 
Saving  of  fountains  that  glide  by  us^ 

Here^s  nofantaftick  majk  nor  dance^ 
But  of  our  kids  that  frtjk  and  prance  % 

Nor  .wars  are  feen^ 

Unlefs  upon  the  green 
Two  barmlefs  lambs  are  butting  one  the  9ther^ 
Which  done^  both  bleating  run  each  to  his  mother. 

And  wounds  are  never  founds 

Save  what  the  plough-fbare  gives,  the  ground^ 

Here  are  no  entrapping  baits 
fTo  hafien  tOy  too  bajiy  fates ^ 

Vnlefsitie 

The  fond  credulity 
Offtiyfifh,  which,  worldling  like,  ftHl  look 
Upon  the  bait,  but  never  on  the  hook  : 

Nor  envy, '  Uefs  among  -     ' 

The  birds  for  price  of  their  fweet  fong^ 

Go  J  let  the  diving  negro  feek 

For  gems  hid  in  fome  forlorn  creek  : 

We  all  pearls  fcoruy 

Save  what  the  dewy  morn 
Congeals  upon  each  little  fpire  of  grafs^ 
Which  carelefs  fhepherds  beat  down  as  they  pafs  : 

And  gold  ne*er  here  appear s^     \ 

iSave  what  the  yellow  Ceres  bears. 

Bleji 


3po      ,Tht  Complete  AN<5i.ER^      Parti. 

BkJi/ilent  groves^  obtnayyoubc 
Fcr  ever  mirtFs  beji  nurferj  ! 
May  pure  consents 
For  ever  piub  Jbeir  tents 
^Vpon  ihefe  downs ^  ibefe  meads^  tbefehchy  tbefi 

mountains^ 
uind  peace  ftill  Jlumber  by  tbefe  purling  fountains  : 
JVhicb  we  may  every  year 
Meet  wben  we  come  afijbing  bere. 

Fife,  Truft  mc,  fcholar,  I  thank  you  heartily 
for  thcfe  verfes,  they  be  choicdy  good,  and 
doubtlefs  made  by  a  lover  of  angling :  come, 
now,  <Jrink  aglafs  to  me,  and  I  will  requite  you 
with  another  very  good  copy :  it  is  a  farewel  to 
the  vanities  of  the  world,  and  fome  fay  written 
by  Sk  Harry  JVooion^  who  I  told  you  was  an  ex* 
cellent  angler.  But  let  them  be  writ  by  whom 
chey  will,  he  that  writ  them  had  a  brave  foyl, 
and  muft  needs  be  poffeft  with  happy  tfeaugbtt 
at  the  time  of  their  compofur^. 

Farewell ye'gildeJ follies,  pleajing  troubles  ;  ' 
FareweUye  honoured  ragSj  ye  glorious  bubbles  \ 
Fame's  but  a  bollow  eccho^  gold  pure  clay  j 
Honour  tbe  darling  but  4)f  onefhort  day. 
Beauty,  tb^  eye's  idol^  but  a  damajk^djkin  i 
^tate  but  a  gulden  prifon  to  live  in^ "' 
And  torture  free  born  minds:  embroidered  trains 
Merely  but  pageants  for  proud  fwelling  vei^s  j 
And  blood  allfd  to- greatnefs^  is  alone  . 

•  Jnberitedj  not  purcbas'd,  tor  our  own^ . 

Fame^honour^  beauty  ^ftate^  trainyblogdandbirthj 
Are  but  the  fading  bloffoms  of  tbe  earth. 


.dt 


«  *  i 


Chap.  XXi.  The  Completi  AnglVr.     jof 

•  '  ^ 

/  w€uld  he  greats  but  that  the  fun  doibftill 
Level  ins  rays  againft  the  rtfing  hill : 
I  would  be  high  J  but  fee  the  proudefi  oak 
Moji  fubjeSl  to  the  rending  thunder  •  Jir oak  ^ 
J  would  be  rich^  but  fee  men^  too  unkindy 
Dig  in  the  bowels  of  the  rieheji  mind  : 
I  would  be  wife,  but  that  I  often  fee 
The  fox  fufpe£Ied,  ijobilli  the  afs  goes  free : 
I  would  be  fair,  but  fee  the  fair  and  proudy 
Like  the  bright  fun,  oft  fetting  in  a  cloud : 
I  would  be  poor,  but  know  the  humble  grafs 
Still  trampled  on  by  each  unworthy  afs  : 
Rich  hated :  wife  fufpeSled :  f cor  rid  if  poor  : 
Great  fear*d :  fair  tempted:  higbjiill  envy^d  more r 

I  have  wifb^d  all ;  but  now  Iwifh  for  neither ; 

Great,  high,  rich,  wife,  nor  fair  \  poor  Fll  bt 
rather. 
Would  the  world  now  adopt  me  for  her  heir^ 
Would  beaut fs  queen  entitle  me  the  fair. 
Fame  fpeak  me  fortunes  minion,  could  I  vie 
Angels  with  India,  with  afpeaking  eye 
Commandbareheads,bow*dknees,firikejufHcedumby 
As  well  as  blind  and  lame,  or  give  a  tongue 
Toflones  by  epitaphs :  be  call' d  great  mafier 
In  the  loofe  rhimes  of  every  poet  after  ? 
Could  I  be  more  than  any  man  that  lives. 
Greats  fair,  ^  rich,  wife^  all  in  fuperlatives : 
Tet  I  more  freely  would  the fe  gifts  rejign, 
Than  ever  fortune  would  have  made  them  mine^ 

And  hold  one  minute  of  this  holy  leifure^ 

Beyond  the  riches  of  this  empty  pleafure. 

Welcome  pure  thoughts,  welcome  yeftlent  groves, 

ihefeguefts,  thefe  courts^  n^fo^l  moft  dearly  loves  : 

*  Now 


goa         W^  Complete  AN<;LEje.    Part  F^ 

Now  the  winged  people  of  the  Jky  Jball  fing 
My  cbtarful  anthems  to  the  giadftme  fpring : 
A  prayer-book  nozv^  Jhdl  he  my  hokwg-glafs^ 
In  which  I  will  oihre  fweet  virtuis  face. 
Here  dwell  no  balrftd  looks ^  no  palace-cares^ 
No  broken  vows  dwell  here^  nor  pale-fac^d  fears  : 
^hen  here  til  Jit  ^  andfigh  my  hot  lovers  fdly^ 
And  learn  fcffeSl  an  holy  melancboiy ;  -     , 
And  if  contentmmt  be  a  ftran^er  tbeuj 
Til  ne^er  look  for  it^  but  in  heaven  agaat. 

Venat.  Well,  cnafter,  tbefe  vcrfes  be  worthy  to 
keep  a  room  in  every  man's  memory,     f  thank 
you  for  them  ;  and  I  thank  you  for  your  many 
inflru(5tions,  which  God  willing,  I  will  not  forget: 
and  as  St.  Aujlin  in  his  coofeflions,  book  4.  chap, 
3.  commemorates  the  kindnefs  of  his  friend  Ve- 
recundusy  for  lending  him  and  his  companion  a 
country-  houfe,  bccaufe  there  they  refted  and  en- 
joyed thcmfclves  free  from  the  troubles  of  the 
world  ;  fo,  having  had  the  like  advantage,  both 
by  your  tonverfation  and  the  art  you  have  taught 
irte,  1  ought  ever  to  do  the  like :  for  indeed,  your 
company  and  difcourfe  have  been  fo  ufeful  and 
pleafant,  that  I  may  truly  fay,  I  have  only  lived 
fince  I  enjoyed  them  and  turned  angler,  and  not 
before.    Neverthclcfs,  here  I  muft  part  with  you, 
here  in  this  now  fad  place,  where  1  was  fo  happy 
as  firft  to  meet  you  -,  but  I  fliall  long  for  the  ninth 
of  M(^y  for  then  1  hope  again  to  enjoy  your  be- 
loved company  at  the  appointed  time  aood  place. 
And  now  I  wifh  for  Ibme  fomniferous  potion, 
that  might  force  me  to  flcep  away  the  inter- 
mitted time,  which  will  pafs  away  with  me  as 
tcdioufly,  as  it  docs  with  men  in  forrow ;  never- 
thclcfs. 


ehap.XXL  fi&^CoMFtETE  Angler;    503^ 

thelefs  I  will  make  it  as  fiiort  as  1  can  by  my  hopes 
and  wifhes.  And  my  good  mafter,  I  will  not 
forget  the  do6trine  which  you  told  me  Socrates 
taught  his  fcholars^  that  they  fhould  not  think 
to  be  honoured  fo  much  for  being  philofophers^ 
as  to  honour  philofopby  by  their  virtuous  lives* 
You  advlfed  me  to  the  like  concerning  anglings 
and  I  wilLendeavottf  to  do  fo,  and  to  live  like 
thofe  many  worthy  men,  of  which  you  made 
mention  in  the  former  part  of  your  difcourfe. 
This  is  my  firm  refolution ;  and  aa  a  pious  man 
advifed  his  friend,  that  to  beget  moFtification  he 
fiiould  frequent  churches,  and  view  monuments^ 
and  charnel-houfes,  and  then  and  there  con Gder^ 
bow  many  dead  bodies  time  had  piled  up  at  the 
gates  of  death :  fo  when  I  would  beget  content, 
and  increafe  confidence  m  the  power,  and  wif«- 
,4om,  and  providence  of  almighty  God,  I  will 
walk  the  meadows  by  fome  gliding  ftream,  and 
there  contemplate  the  lilies  that  uke  no  care, 
and  thofe  very  many  other  various  little  living 
creatures,  that  are  not  only  created  but  fed,  mad 
knows  not  how,  by  the  goodnefs  of  the  God  of 
nature,  and  therefore  truft  in  him.  This  is  my 
purpofe  5  and  fo,  let  every  thing  that  hath  breathi 
praife  the  Lord ;  and  let  the  blcffing  of  Sc 
Pe$er^s  mafter  be  with  mine. 

Pifc.  And  upon  all  that  are  lovers  of  virtue, 
and  dare  truft  m  his  providence,  an4  be  quiet^ 
and  go  an  angling. 

**  Study  to  be  c^iet,''  1  Thcff  iv.  1 1. 


The  END  of  the  FiRsr  Fart. 

IT 


JT  is  imagined  that  the  fever  at  defer iptions  of 
River 'fifby  contained  in  the  foregoing  pages ^  are 
' abundantly  fufficient  for  the  information  of  any  mere 
angler:  hut  tbofe  who  are  curious  to  know  the 
ejfential  differences  betzveen  the  various  fpecies^  are 
hereby  recommended  to  a  pojibumeus  work  of  thai 
learned  man  and  excellent  naturalijl^  the  Reverend 
Mr.  John  Ray,  entitled  Synopfis  Methodica 
Avium  &  Pifcium,  puhlifbcd  by  Dr.  Derham,  in 
Qftavo,  17^3. 


'  '  '  I     I  »     I     I  iin 


THfi 


i 


Pl^fcXfoToacwllaf e  IX. 


S^^x'^4>Ae^/it-  ^-^44/^. 


'  ^ 


:pjAft-:xit.,RUi^r.i.r..x. 


-% 


^ 


THE 

f      Complete  Angler. 

f 

PART       II. 


INSTRUCTIONS  how  to  Angle  for 
a  Trout  or  Grayling  in  a  clear  Stream. 


^i  mihi  non  credit,  facial  licet  ipfe  periclum  : 
Et  fuerit  fcriptis  aquior  ilk  mets.    ' 


LONDON.    MDCCLXXIV, 


t 


*;• 


■**' 


«. 


■«  *    - 


*    *     • 


•  f 


SOME 

ACCOUNT 

■OFT  at 

LIFE   and   WRITINGS 

Charles  Cotton,  £% 

ina  LETTER  to  die  Editor 
of  The  Complete  Ancx-E-r. 

9  H  E  pleafiire  we  conceive  at  tlie 

?  revival  of  £>me  good  old  books 

^  we  have  formerly  read*  by  fair 

a  and  accurate  editions,  fomewhat 

pefembles,  methinks,  that  which  we  feel 

on  the  return   of  our  hearty  old  friends 

and  acquaintance  to  town,  from  tkek  raial 

retreats  and    receffes,    where   diey    have 

beea  thought  loft  in  obroarity,  and  wortt 

out  of  memory;    till  finding,    by  their 

X»  frefli 


L  IV  ] 

frcflb  and  florid  afpedls,  at  their  revifit,  thst 
they  have  been  growing  youthful  in  age,  and 
renewed,  as  it  were,  a  leafc  for  years,  we 
thcji  receive  them,  not  witl]  that  diffidenoe 
and  referve  wherewith  new  faces  and  ftran- 
gers  are  at  firft  cx}mmonly  admitted,  but 
with  that  ready,  free,  and  familiar  cheat- 
fulnefs,  or  good^will,  which  we  (hew  to 
thofe  in  whom  we  may  confide ;  haWng  be- 
fore, in  a  manner,  perufed  and  been  pleaf- 
cd  with  their  delightful  and  inftrudtivc  con- 
tents. 

Such  is  the  fatisfadlion  I  promife  myfelf 
upon  a  new  impreflion,    from  your  hands, 
of  Mr.  Walton  and  Mr.  Cottons  Dialogues 
of  Angling ;  the  two  beft  performances  .on 
that  topicK,  in  our  tongue.  But  as  the  former 
did  alfo  oblige. the  publick  with  the  lives  of 
feveral  eminent  men,  'tis  much  that  fome 
little  hiftorical  monument  has  not,  in  grate- 
ful retaliation,   been  raifed  and  devoted  to 
his  memory :  the  few  materials  I,  long  fince, 
with  much  fearch,  gathered  up  concerning 
him,  you  have  feen,  and  extraded,  I  hope, 
what  you  found  neccflfary  for  the  purpofe  I 
intended  them.     And  as  Mr.  Cotton  alfo, 
though  a  more  voluminous  writer,  has  been 
no  Icfs  negledled,  little  having  been  attempt- 
ed in  remembrance  of  his  life  and  works,  I 
was  dcfirous  of  trying  how  far  I  could  like- 
wife  make  fpme  recovery  thereof. 

This 


This  gentleman,  dcfcendcd  of  a  worthy . 
and  honourable. family,  was  thegrandfon  of 
Sir  George  Cotton^  Knight,  a  younger  branch 
thereof,  fometime  at  Sautbampton\  who 
dying  about  the  year  16 13,  left  by  his  wife 
Cajfandra^  daughter  and  heirefs  of  the  noble 
family  of  M^Williams,  two  children^  name- 
ly* CaJJandra^  who  died  unmarried ;  and 
Charles  Cotton^  of  Ovingden,  in  the  county 
of  Su^ex,  Efqi  who  married  the  daughter 
of  Sir  JoAn  Stanhope^  of  Elyajion,  in  Derby^^ 
Jhire^  Knight  *,  and  half-brother  to  Philip, 
the  firft  earl  of  Cbejierjield-f;  which  daugh- 
ter Sir  John  had  by  Olive^  his  firft  wife,  the 
daughter  and  heirefs  of  Edivard Beresjord^oi 
Beresford  and  En/on  in  Staffordjhire^  and  of 
Bentley  in  the  county  of  Derby  if,  defend- 
ed of  the  lords  of  Beresford,  &c.  as  is  alfo 
the  prefent  earl  of  "Tyrpne.  This  lady, 
Olive  Stanhope,  died  in  1614,  aged  about 

*  The  Vtjitation  of  Siaffordjhtre^  in  1663  and  1664, 
by  William  DugdaU^  E(q;  JVi?rrfl'j^  king  at  arms.  In 
the  Coll.  of  Arm*,. C.  36.  Fol.  114. 

t  The  Pierage  of  Ireland,    by  Mr.  'John  Lodge%. 
1754.  Vol.  II.  p.  210. 

X  This  Sir  Johrtj  who  died  m  April  1638,  by  his 
fecond  ^ife  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  JohnRadcliffe,  "  of 
.^^  Oatfal  in  Lanca/hire,  Knisht,  w»s  great  grandfather 
*'  oi  fVilUam  earl  of  Harrington,  lord  lieutenant  of 
**  Ireland 'y*  fays  Mr.  Lodge,  as  above  :  'but  Dugdak 
calls  it  Ordfal,  in  that  cpunty ;  perhaps  it  is  in  Not^ 
tinghamjhire.  Vid-  J.  Adami%  India  Villoris,  Foh 
1680,  p.  164, . 

,\    /  >.  X  3  thirty- 


thirty-tihret  years  i^  and  Micbael  Urajton^ 
a  poet  then  in  no  fmaU  requeft,  among  hi& 
el6gies».ba$  one  in  her  commendation.  Her 
daughter,  named  likewife  Oltve^  heirefs  ta 
her  mother,  left  by  her  hofband  Cbarks^  be- 
fore-mentioned, one  fon,  named  alio  Charles 
Cotton^  oi  Beresfordf  Efq;  whoi^thefub* 
yt&,  of  the  enfuing  narratiire. 

He  was  born  on  the  28tirof  Aprih  1630^. 
and  received,  it  feems,  hi»  education  at 
Cambridge^  as  his  fadier  had  aHb  before 
him ;  the  particulars  and  produdUoos  whereof 
may,  probably,  more  diftin^y  appear,  whea 
the  publick  Ihail  be  obliged  with  thofe  many 
and  much  defired  Tolomes,  wherein  have 
been  preferved  the  writers  of  that  univerfity, 
by  a  late  learned  and  elaborate  member 
thereof  ♦.  Of  whkrh  univeffity  focver  he 
was,  he  has,  in  a  mofl:  cordial  and  grateful 
manner,  remembered  his  tutor ;  and  having 
alio  named  him,  he  fliould  ieem  to  be  that 
fellow  of  Brazen^Nofe  college  in  Oxford^ 
named  Ral^b  Raw/on,  who  was  ejeded  from 
his  fellowmip  by  the  parliament  vi&tors,  ia 
1648^  and  fu£^red  great  hacdfhips  till  after 
the  reftoration  r  ytx  ^n- could  only  get  re» 
ftored,  but  never  preferred  -f*.  This  circuot* 
fiance,  I  think,   tallies  very  weH  with  Mp, 

«  The  Rev.  yix.  1^oma$.  Baker ^ 
t  Jbhen.  Oav».  VgiL  U«  Col.  lon^* 


C  vii  3 

CottaH^  tranflatlon  of  an  ode  in  Joannes  Se* 
cuhdusi  and  his  infcripition  thereof  to  his  deai^ 
tutor^  Mr.  Ralph  Kawfon  i  declarihg  what 
contrarieties  or  inconuftencies  (hould  dif- 
concert  or  diibrder  the  courfe  and  frame  of 
nature^  before  he  would  neglect  to  take  card 
of  hinij  alive  ot  dead  ^.  If  Mr.  Cotton  was 
his  pupil  at  Oxford^  he  fhould  have  beea 
^egiftered  amonjg  the  Oxonian  writers ;  if  hd 
recqived  his  infuuftion  at  Cambridge^  as  it  is 
moft  likely  he  did>  Mr.  Raw/on  might  havd 
removed  thither  after  his  ejcdment^  and 
been  his  in(lru£tor  in  that  univerfity  i  or  he^ 
might  be  fo  at  his  owb  habitation,  undeif 
the  eye  of  his  father. 

Befides  his  academick  or  claflicat  learning, 
he  was  happy  in  a  graceful  addrels,  and  well 
verfed  in  the  modern  languages  j  accomplifh- 
ments»  which,  as  they  are  hot  alwal^s  the! 
fruits  either  of  domeflick  or  collegiate  cul- 
tivation>  we  may  fuppofe  he  acquired  by 
travel ;  and  indeed  he  himfelf  mentions  hisi 
having  been  in  France^  and  other  foreigni 
countries  -f*. 

Tis  evident  that  after  he  came  fo  be  fct-* 
tied  at  home, .  he  was  early  in  much  efteem^ 
and  converfant  with  many  ingenious  per-» 
fons  of  high  rank  and  repute  i  more  dpc«* 

♦  C  Cottonh  Pocitts  an  feveril  occafioni,  &f^  p*i4f^ 
f  In  his  book  of  Jriglingy  alfo  in  the  vdume  atorc- 
fiijd  of  his  p«eoi$9  W^. 

4  cially 


cialiy  with  his  coudn.  Sir  ji/lon  Cockayne', 
Bart.  ofP0ol€yin  Warwkkjhire^  znAAJhbourn 
io  thePM^;  who  w$is  well  known  to  the  not- 
ed poets  and  other  wits  of  his  time^  and  had 
a  poetical  genius  himfelf ;  alfo  with.  TBomai 
Wlatman^  Efq;  barrifter  of  the  Inner  temple  \^ 
Mr.  Thomas.  Bancrofit  of  ShxmrJ^on  ^  Alexan^ 
der  Broome }  Ifaac  Walton^  and  others ;  by 
all  whom  he  has  had  commendatory  verfes; 
letters^  and  chara£fers^.  beftowed  on  nim  for 
the  virtues  of  his  nvind^  and  the  pr odu(ftlons 
of  his  pen.  Gerard  Langiaine  has  men^ 
tioned  two  other  poets  among  thofe  who 
have  wi'itten  verfes  in  his  praife;  the  one  is 
Thomas  Herrickj  Efgj  who,  in  his  bock  of 
poenis^  has  indeed  one  copy  to  his  honoured 
and  moft  ingenious  friend  Mr.  Charles  Cof-. 
ton  *;  but  this  I  take  to  be  addrefled  ra- 
ther to  the  father  than  the  fon.  The  other 
is  colonel  Richard  Lo'oetace ;  and  I  remem- 
ber, fn  avolume  of  his.  poems,  one  named 
The  Grafshopper^  iftfcribed  to  his  noble 
friend  Mr.  Charles  Cotton ;  and  another  on 
09 ;^thc  death  of  .Mts.  Cajandra  Cotton, 
only  fitter  to  Mr.  Charles  Cotton :  and  both 
thefe^  poems  were  written  before,  or  in 
tlie  year  1649 +.     But  though  it  has  l3een 

•  A 

*  R.  HerrUk*s  Ibfperides,  8vo,  1648.  p.  J5>. 
t  3ee  coloixel  Lovuacis  Lucqfiay  iic.  i2mo,  1649^ 

thought 


thought  they  were  addrefled  to  CBarfe^ 
Cotton  the  younger,  by  Langbaine^  and 
others,  who  hever  knew  the  charaiSer  of  th^ 
clcfer,  or  had  read  the  pedigree  of  the  ftml- 
ly ;  yet,  by  thofe  who  hafve  been  acquainted 
with  bcfthi  it  may  be  perceiv^eci  that  boihl 
thofe  .poem^  were,  infcribed  to  ^he  father; 
tfpecially  by  the  elegy  on  his  fifter  before- 
mentioned  ;  of  whole  name,  or  any  other. 
It  appears  not  that  he  had  a;  daughter.  Not 
but  the  youger  Cotton  Acknowledges  how 
durably  he  wafe  commemor'ated  ii^  the  chro- 
nicle of  fame,  by  that  accomplifhed  gentle- 
man colonel  Le^W^^f ;  whofe  fortunes,  in- 
deed, though  in  greater  extremes,  did  rinucb 
refemble  his  own ;  and  regrets  that  he  can- 
not make  him  an  adequate  return,  though 
it  is  apparent  that  he  was  doing  it  at  the 
feme  time  -f*.  There  are  nwreover,  in  be- 
higt  feveral  manufcript  letters,  written  by 
Mr.  Charles  Cotton  to  Mr.  Fhili^  Kynden 
whofe  natural  hiftory  of  Derh'yjhve^  or  ra- 
ther prolufion  to  an  intended  one  J,  and  feve- 
ral-other  difcourfes,  remain  alfounprinted  -§J 

:  ♦  Inhis  jF/zf/z/lNdr^maticlc  poets,  Is'c.  8vp,  169X, 
P-  77- 

t  Cotton's  Poems,  p.  481.710  the  mempry^of  his 
worthy  friend  colonel  Richard  Lovelace^  (wRo  cied 
in  1658.) 

J  NscM/ons  EngliJhHiHoncsil  Library,  Fol.  173^^ 
p.  12. 
•     §  In  the  AJhmoUan  library  at  Oxfo  d,  •  •* 

But 


But  thofe  letters,  we  prefaaie,  were  written 
by  Mr.  Cotton,  the  tather,  and,  probably^ 
upon  the  fubjed  of  that  hidory ;  be  being 
endowed  with  fucb  excellent  talents  in  the 
defcription  of  rural  fitaations,  as  to  have 
been  coupled  therein,  by  a  competent  judge, 
with  Sir  Philip  Sidney  *•  We  may  alio 
Sod,  that  one  of  the  cantos  in  Sir  ff^ilKam 
Davenanfs  mod  noted  poem  -^,  written 
partly  while  he  was  prifoner  in  the  Tower 
of  LondcHf  Anno  1652,  was  dedicated,  or 
directed,  to  the  fame  Mr*  Cotton  the  elder^ 
as  his  (on  informs  us ;  who  has  recited  fe« 
ven  ftanzas  of  it,  and  in  acknowledgment 
of  the  honour  done  to  his  father,  by  pre- 
ferving  his  name  among  the  heroes  revived 
through  his  pen,  has,  with  his  wonted  libc« 
rality  of  mind,  returned  Sir  fVilUam  an  in^ 
genious  anfwer,  equal  to,  if  not  furpafling 
his  pattern ;  alfo  in  (even  flanzas,  and  in  his 
own  manner  of  alternate  verfe  1^. 

From  hence,  and  other  inft^ces  that 
might  be  produced,  as  well  as  from  the  pub- 
Ifck  encomiums  faearly  beAowed  upon  him, 
it  is  ea(y  enough  to  be  gathered,  that  he  ad* 
dieted  himfclf  betimes  to  the  moft  elegant 

•  Mr.  Ifaac  Walton^  in  a  note,  p.  26.  of  The  Csm* 
fkti  AngUr^  Part  If.  printed  in  1676. 

t  See  Sir  IVilliam  Davenanf%  works,  Foi,  1673^  \tz. 
his  Gondiherty  Lib.  3.  Canto  7, 

J  CqUqu's  Poems,  p.  572^  374. 

ei)fcr- 


cntert^nmef^ts  of  literature ;  and  alio  to  tlio 
delightful  amirfements  of  planting,  garden^ 
ing,  arnd  above  all,  the  fober  recreation  of 
angUi>g»  as  what  would  give  the  greateil 
latitude  and  indulgence  to  contemplation, 
felieve  hi»  mind  after  fevere  fludy^  feq^ueAer 
bim  from  impertinent  company,  moderate 
the  inclination  to  ambitious  purfutts,  and 
promote  the  habits  of  peace  and  patience, 
under  great  difappoirHments.  And  thereinr 
he  became,  by  long  pra£kice  and  experience,, 
moft  emtnemtly  expert. 

It  no  where  appears^  that  he  was,  in  the 
former  part  of  his  life,  very  forward  or  jfbfi- 
citous  to  advance  himfelf  in  the  worlds 
uid  I  meet  with  no  account  of  any  pre^ 
feroMnt,  that  he  then  either  enjoyed  or 
£>ught;  though  he  had  relations,  friends,  and 
intereft  enough  among  men  of  (^ality  and 
power,  to  have  procured  fuch  advancement 
f^  would  both  have  given  authority  to,,  and 
leceived  luftre  from;  his  parts  and  abilities^ 
An  even  afterwards,  when  his  hofpitalTty^ 
and  other  freedoms  with  his  cdate,  founded 
on  too  much  confidence  in  the  honour  and 
integrity  of  thofe  who  were  partakers  thereof, 
had  much  involved  or  intangled,  and  redu« 
cedit,  though  obliged,  fomewhat  reluctantly, 
to  procure  (wh  addition  or  recruits  to  his  re- 
venue, he  ftill  feemed,  in  all  theJitcle intervals 
q£  unmolefted  quiet  he  could  obtain,  topre«* 

fcr 


[  »*"  ] 

ftt  a  private  to  a  pablick  life,  and  a  calnri 
retirement  with  the  mufes-  to  the  budle  of 
bufinefs;  or  fwimming  along  with  the 
courtly  (hoal  of  competitors  for  promotion, 
profit,  and  precedency,  through  the  a<3:iy€; 
torrent  of  employment;  wherein  tho'  hq 
might  live  according  to  the  fenfe  of  Seneca,, 
more  cxtcnfively  known  to  others,  he  thought 
he  (hould  but  die  more  ignorant  of  himfelf. 
And  in  his  praife  of  Contentation,  to  his  olcl 
friqnd  or  father  Walton^  befides  others  of  hi? 
poetical  pieces,  he  often  fpeaks  in  his  own 
fenfe  to  the  fame  purpofe  *. 

The  firft  or  more  juvenile  exercifes  of  \\\% 
pen,  were,  it  feems,  in  poetry ;  and  if  his 
elegy  on  the  carl  of  Derby  '\  was  not  writ- 
ten, as  perhaps  it  was,  earlidr  than  a  twelve- 
month after  that  nobleiliad  was  beheaded, 
it  gives,  at  lead,  a  fpecimen  of  his  poetical 
qualifications,  by  the  timic  he  was  twenty- 
two  years  of  age.  His  father,  who  was 
himfelf  a  man  ot  bright  parts  and  engaging 
accomplifliments,  gave  him  themes,  and 
authors,  whereon  to  exercife  his  judgment 
and  learning,  befides  the  topicks  he  volunta- 
rily enjoined  himfelf,  even  to  the  time  that 
he  entered  into  the  ftate  of  matrimoay  :  but 
I  do  not  find  t^at  any  of  his  performances 
appeared  from  the  prefs,  till  fome  few  years 
after  the  reftoration*  ; 

*  His  Poems,  p.  252.  \  Idcm^  p.  41 1. 

•:..  *  ^  Among 


it 


'  AmdUg  his  poems  are  divers  odes,  fbngs, 
and  other  love-vcrfes  to  ladies,  of  whom 
thofe  with  black  hair  and  eyes  generally  feem 
to  have  engaged  thoA  of  his  praife  and  admt-* 
ration.  But  in  his  two  poems,  ililcd  The  Se-^ 
paration^  he  defcribes  one  lady,  *•  with  the 
"  fweeteftpcrfon,  and  faireft  mind," — "  who 
met  him  with  an  equal  flame:"—"  never- 
thelefs,  the  fuperilitious  law  would  di- 
"  vide  their  bloods,  becaufc  too  pear." 

He  has  another  poem,    printed   before- 
thefe  j  but  when  written  appears  not,  in*' 
titled   La   Illujirijfima^    on    his    fair    and 
dear  fifter  Mrs.  Anne  King  i    and    he  be-' 
flows  fuch  tranfcendent  applaufes  on  her^  as 
would  incline  us  to  believe  this  was  the 
lady  fpoken  of  in  the  other  two  poems  j 
but  that,  fays  he,  no  love  inhabits'  her 
breaft :"  and  yet  it  might,    if  this  lafl: 
poem  was  written  before  the  two  former; 
Though  no  fifter  of  his  is  mentioned  in  the 
pedigree  before  referred  to. 
.    However  this  was,  about  the  year  1656,  ^ 
he  married  IJabella^  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Hutchinfon^  of  Owthorp  in   the  county  of 
Nottingbam^  Knt.  by  whom  he  had  Bereft 
ford  Cotton^  born  in  1657,  or  the  following 
year,  and  Charles^  born  about  feven  or  eight 
years  after,  befides  Olive  and  Catherine  ^-  ^ 

*  The  pedigree  of  Cotton^  in  Du^dale's  Vifit.  as 
tefore. 

alio 


IC 


aUb  other  daughters,  bora,  it  feems,  tfter  the 
above-mentioned  viiiiation  was  made.  Mr« 
Cotttm  married  to  bis  iccond  wife,  Mary^  the 
daughter  of  Sir  WilUaM  £i#/»  dF  Stenjham^ 
Court  in  fF^rcifierJhir^^  and  widow  of  Wing^ 
^IdCromweU^  earl  of  Ard^Ufs^  by  whom  be 
had  no  liTue  *.  And  as  it  will  appear  that 
this  countefs»  his  iecond  wife,  iurvived  Mr. 
Cotton^  I  fee  not  what  room  or  authority  there 
can  be  forgiving  him  a  third»  as  a  iate  editor 
oiThe  CompkuAngler  has  done;  who,  in  his 
own  preface  to  the  work,  fpeaking  of  Wai^ 
ton^  and  foon  after  of  Cotton,  fays,  *'  that  ha 
**  married  a  daughter  of  iValton'^  I  fufpeft 
that  this  afiertion  has  no  better  foundation, 
than  Cottons  dedication  of  the  fecond  part  i 
which,  by  the  way,  the  gentleman  above* 
mentioned  has  omitted  to  publi(b,  wherein 
!hc  calls  Mr..  Jfaac  JValton  \m  father.  The 
reader  will  hereafter  fee  very  good  xeaibn  to 
believe,  that  CoZ/^n  was  nothing  morethan  an 
adopted  fon  of  Walt  on*  s ;  and  C^/Zm  himfclf 
claims  no  other  relation  to  him  *}*,  where  he 
fays,  "  he  gives  me  leave  to  call  him  father, 
'*  and  I  hope  he  is  not  aihamed  to  own  m# 
^'  for  his  adopted  ion.*"  It  is  true  that  H^aU 
ion  had  a  daughter,  but  ihe  was  otherwiia 

*  Mr.  Lodg€*s  Peerage  of  Ir^kind^  as  ahovje.   Query 
if  the  fame  Countefs  of  Ariglafi  who  died  in  Dublin 

^  Comp.  AngU  Part  II.  Page  6.  Edit.  167^. 

I  dif- 


difpokd  off  as  appears  in  the  life  of  Mr. 
Walton^  prefixed  to  thefe  dialogues  ^»  In 
what  harmony  he  lived  with  eimer  or  both 
his  ladies,  is  now  perhaps  hot  indiftindly  to 
be  remonbered  i  but  his  general  opinion  of 
the  matrimonial  ftate^  may  appear  in  his 
poems ;  efpecially  one,  not  the  leaft  noted 
among  them,  which  he  ironically  calls, 
7bejoys  of  marriage^ ;  wherein  after  having, 
to  the  various  pem^ons  of  all  the  fex^  op- 
pofed  the  csxtreams  of  their  contrafting  qua« 
lities,  and  allowed  the  golden  mean  to  none  $ 
and  after  a  fhoit  declaration,  that  in  refpe<3: 
to  his  own  choice  he  had  no  caufe  to  com- 
plain, though  his  very  love  created  his  woe  i 
yet  he  concludes  in  every  part,  andthewhole^ 
upon  the  uneafinefs  of  a  married  life. 

The  father  of  Mr.  Cotton^  who  had  long 
lived  in  great  refped  among  perfons  of  the 
higheft  rank  and  reputation,  died  in  the  year 
1658  %.  There  is  a  curious  portrait  of  his 
charader,  in  a  late  poflhumous  publication, 
drawn  by  the  hand  of  a  mofl:  delicate  intel- 
lectual limner,  no  lefs  a  one  than  the  famous 
earl  of  Clarendon ;  and  tho'  it  bears  in  many 
parts  fo  ftrong  a  refemblance  of  the  fbn, 

*  See  alfo  a  ftort  account  of  the  life  of  Dr.  Thomas 
l^e^n^  late  biihop  of  Bath  and/^<//j,  by  TVilltam  Haw* 
i^n$y  Efq;   of  xYit  Middle  Templi^  8w,  17131  ^c. 

f  Cotton*s  Poems,  p.  36. 

X  DugdaU\  Viilt.  as  before. 

elpecially 


[  »vi  ] 

^rpecUlly  in  his  latter  foCtunes,  as  to  induce 
a.  fuppofition  that  it  was  intended  for  him$ 
ve^t  as  the  noble  au'tlior  could  not  know  the 
latter  part  of  the  fon's  life,  as  be  died  £btr- 
\teen  yeac^be&rehini,  in  his  exile  at  i^ai^M^ 
rit  muil  be'beheld^s  his  Idrdibip's  genuinfi 
'/draught  of  the  father. 
,  The  reader  will  find  by  thie  charadhrr  k- 
jfelf,  which  we  (haW  give  in  the  noble  au- 
•chorls  own  words,  that  theieldcr  Mr.  Cotton 
*^as  a  gentleman  of  jao.ordinary  accompliih*- 
ments  ;  and  his  opinion  of  hi  en  wiU  be  very 
xrxuch  raifed,  when  he'  finds  he.  was  one  of 
•that  Jearned  and  ingenious  fociety^  to  whofb 
company  and  converiittion  his  lordfhip,  as 
jwell  for  his  improvement  as  delight,  while  a 
fludent,  devotdd  his  leifure  hours  $  it  cojoii- 
iQfted  of  the  following  ecmaent  perfbns, 
namely,  Ben  Jobnjbn^  Mr.  SeUen,  Mr.  Cot^ 
'ton^t'Av.yokn  Fatigjban,  afterwards  chief  juf*- 
tice  of  the  common  pleas.  Sir  Kenelm  iDig^ 
iy,  lAv.  Thomas  May^  the  tranflator  of  Lu^ 
cany  and  others.  His  lordfliip  has  drawn 
their  charadlcrs  in  his  ufual  mafterly  way» 
and  thatt  of  Mr.  Coton  is  as  follows : 

"  Charles  Cotton  was  a  gentleman^ 
**  born  to  a  competent  fortune ;  and  fo  qua- 
^<  lified  in  his  perfon  and  education,  that, 
**  for  many  years,  he  continued  the  greateft 
**  ornametit  of  the  town,  in  the  efteemr  of 
**  thofe  who  had  been  beft  bred.     IJis  na-- 

*'  tural 


4t 
€€ 
€€ 


[  xvu  J       . 

♦*  ttiral  parts  were  very  great  i  his  -wit  flow* 
^'  ing,  in  all  the  parts  of  converfation;  the 
fuperftrudlure  of  learning  not  raifed  to  a 
confiderable  height  i  but  having  paiTed 
**  fome  years  in  Cambridge^  and  then  in 
France^  and  always  with  learned,  men^ 
his  exprefSons  were  ever  proper  and  fig^ 
nificant,  and  gave  a  great  luftre  to  his 
dticourfe  upon  any  argument ;  fo  that  he 
*'  was  thought^  by  thofe  who  were  not  in- 
*^  titnate  with  him^  to  have  been  much  bet* 
^*  ter  acquainted  with  books  than  he  was« 
*^  He  had  all  thofe  qualities^  which^    ill 
*^  youthi  raife  men  to  the  reputation  of  be* 
'*  ing  fine  gentlemen ;  fuch  a  pleafantnefs 
*'  and  gaiety  of  humour^  fuch  a  fweetnefs 
*'  and  gentlenefs  of  nature,  and  fuch  a  ci« 
^*  vility  and  delightfulnefs  in  converfation, 
"  that  no  man,  in  the  court  or  out  of  it, 
appeared  a  more  accomplifhed  perfon,  all 
thefe  extraordinary   qualifications  being 
fupported  by  as  extraordinary  ckarnefs  of 
courage   and  fearleOTnefs    of   fpirit;   of 
*'  which  he  gave  too  often  manifeftation* 
^'  Some  unhappy  fuits  in  law,  and  wafle  of 
*'  his  fortune  in  thofe  fuits,  made  (bme  im- 
preflion  upon  his  mind,  which  being  im- 
proved by  domeflick  aiHi<5tions,  and  thofe 
indulgencies  to  himfelf  which  naturally 
attend  thofe  afflidions,  rendered  his  age 
lefs  reverenced  than  his  youth  had  been, 

Y  ^«  and 


€$ 
€t 
€€ 
it 


€€ 
€€ 
i€ 

4€ 


I  3Fviir  ] 

^  and  gave  hh  beftr  fdends  caufe  to  Have 
•*  wifhedy  that  he  had  not  lived  fo  long*."' 

Though  Mr.  Cottvn  might  have  rccomi- 
mended  feveral  books  and:  U'aAsj  before-  be 
died,  to  the  perufal  of  his  fon ;  and  fome 
were  written  or  tranfiated  by  him  under  his^ 
father's  diredion,  yet  have  I  n^et  wiA  nO'- 
thing  ,of  his^  in  print  till  the  fourth  year  after  ! 
the  reftoration ;  and  then  cam6  out  in  a  fifialL 
volume,  716^  Moral  Pbilofapby  of  the  Stoicks, 
tranfiated  from  the  French  of  Monf.  de  Vaix^ 
prelident  of  the  parliament  at  Provence.  It 
is  dedicated  to  Ins  coM&sk  yobn  Ferrary  Efq;;^ 
is  dated  in  Feb.  1663,  and  printed  in  a  thin. 
Odavo,  1664  -f* ;  but  was  tranfiated  feven^ 
years  before,  at  his  father'^  command,  as 
he  informed  us  himfelf :[!;  This  book  had 
been  tranfbtted  by  Dr.  Tbonms  James^  the 
£r{l  keeper  of  the  Bodleian.  Library,  above 
threefcoie  years  before  \\i 

Some  panegyrick  he  had^written^  whether 
upon  the  King's  Return^  or  not,  I  am  not 
certain ;  all  that  I  have  feen  of  his  on  that 
fubjedl,  being  only  an  invitation  of  fome 
friend  to  a  merry  meeting  on  that  jpyful  oc- 
cafion^  at^d  no  panegyiick ;  yet;  whoever  it 

♦  Life'  of  Edtuard  Earf  of  Clarmdon^  in  Folioy 
pxfordy  tygq,  p.  16. 

f  Alfo  again  ia  1667,  1671,  f^c*- 
X  In  the  faid  dedication. 
9  London,  8va,  is^9^ 


I 

Wsis  he  fo  celebratedt  it  not  bemg  perform^ 

ed  in  fuch  a  manner  as  was  cxpc&6d,  a 

line  of  cenfure  was  thrown  out  %t  it, .  in  a 

certain  lebelllng  SeJ^n  oftbif  Poets:  but  as 

Mr.  Waller  feems  to  baveiiadfio  hand  ib  this 

kmpoon,  it  was  not  that^  bnt  his  Faneff^ 

rick  on  Oliver  GromweU^i  which  moved  Mr. 

Cotton  to  infcribea  fatire  to  him^as  others  had 

alfo  done  ^f*.   Butifi^^/i^^in  the  Sejiom^on^ 

iaidy  is  allowed  to  have  made  amends^  how* 

ever  unlikely  the  method,  by-reppefentingf  a 

part  of  the  graveft  and  gfeateft  |:(0ecamoiTg 

the  Romans,  in  a  kind  of  raafqaerade  dreft  f^ 

which  next  appeared  Under  the  title  ofScar^ 

rantdesf  ox  Virgil  ^ravejlie :  being  ihe;^r/^ 

iook  cfVirgiN  -Mneis,  in  Englijhl&urUJquef 

Odlavo,  1664.  <      '  ^   '    ' 

It  would  be  an  excurfion  that  ^txiighilksd 

me  away  even  up  to4he  times  of  ahti<}uity, 

and  fo  be  thought  too  tedious  for  an  epifto** 

lary  difcourfe,  to  trace  the  Sftile,  humours^ 

and  other  liberties  of-  ^ravejly,  Parody  Bur^^ 

lefque,  Doggrel,  dhd  fuch  lik6  pbetical  writ* 

ings  to  their  fources :  therefore  ii  may  bier 

enough  in  this  place  to  deduce  a  few  de* 

tacfaed  hints,  that  may  perhaps  fuggeft;  or 

Jcad  to  fome  rules  of  diredkion ;  and  eipetii- 

«lly  to  obferve,  in  behalf  of  MuC40ttonyi^>M 


♦  Cotton's.  PoetnAj,  p,  ,483.- 
t  Men.  Oxen.  Vol.  It  Col. 


X  yid.  State  Pttmst  SirOf  Vol.  I.  1703I.  p^  2o6i   ' 

Y  2  h« 


he  has  in  his  compofitibfis  of  this  eaft  ami, 
C0mfik»on,  taken  no  greater  freedom  with 
VirgHp  than  others  Ukewife  with  fiiccefs  had 
done  before  him ;  as  they  had  alfo  with  Ho^ 
tmf^  Horace,  Ovid^  Loicanf  C&uiJian,  and 
oChers  of  the  ancient  da£icks;   For  iai^eedr 
aH  ages  and  countries  have  prediiced  wits. 
cH^fed  to  turn  grave^  klMf  and  lofty  ar« 
guments  or  cbarafiers^  iqf a  thofe  that  are 
lepidi  hidicroos^  and  grotefque  ^  or  reprefent 
ferious  smd  elevated  ai^ions  ki  jocular »  fami- 
liar, and  fantaftick  phra&s;  as  in  Scarr&n  and 
Cottmt^%  ^ravejtm,  or  John  PbiJips^  the  ne- 
phew of  Milton,  in  nis  Maronides.     And 
not  only  to  veft  Apolh  in  the  jacket  of  Har^ 
lequin,  but  atfo»  on  the  contrary,  to  dlveft 
mean  petty  perfons,  and  trite  or  triyiall  to- 
pick^  and  e?erits,  of  their  plain^  pr<^r^  and 
fuittUe  trappings^  to  bedizen  them  out  in 
Pimlko,  or  bloat  them  up  with  turgid  bom* 
baft,  or  deck  them  in  aU  the  gorgeous  and 
glittering  robes  of  majefiick  ilile  and  fenti« 
ment  ;i  as  in  Taffbne'^  Seeciia  Rapita,  Boikau% 
^Jjutriftf  and  John  Philips^,  of  Hereford,,  m 
bi»  C]^  and  Splendid  SbH/ing. 

In  either  attire,  burlefque  is  njoftly  defign- 
ed  to*  be  a  kind  of  comick  fatire  in  comical 
ureHe;  arKt  that  confiding  much  in  the  fur- 
prize  created  by  fuch  new,  ftrange,  and  ud- 
expelled,  yet  fignifica^t'/  r^imes,  as .  were 
ic^M^y  cveif  h^irneucd  tpgcthcf  before. 


A  delicate  burlelque^  i$  perhaps  m  liar4  to 
^e  produced  as  an  exadt  epick  poem^  it  has 
many  improprieties  to  avoid.  A  (iQgle  pe« 
riod  of -fterling  wit  and  humour,  is  not  com- 
mon  in  profe,  but  a  chffter  and  continuation 
of  them  in  verfe  is  rare  indeed?!  'tis  bard  ia 
this  path  for  the  mufe  to  keep  a  graceful 
pace  long,  without  tripping ;  and  mod  com-^ 
poled  minds  look  upon  this  freakifh  kind  of 
poetr)^  but  as  the  froth  of  the  Cafi^idfi 
fering,  which  will  often  break  and  fly  oS 
tor  want  of  fpirits  to  fupport  it.  To  paint 
even  the  foam  of  Pcgafus  in  perfe^ioa, 
may  be  as  difHcuh,  z%  Apellts  foiipd  j^  tP 
draw  only  that  oli  Bua^b^lus,^  when  he  perr 
foi:med  in  dei^air,  at  Uil  by  chance,  what 
he  could  not -do  with  all  his  ar^t. 

,  HowcRer  it  may  be  of  good  or  bad  tcrif 
denpy  ai\d  cqnfeqQencet  according  as  whert^ 
whiere,  hpw,  on  what,  or  at,  to,  and  hy 
whom  ^  i^  aimed, or  applied;  it  may  be  a 
Hfeftil  inftrument,  rightly  conducted,  to  ejc- 
pofe  fraud  and  impolhire,  entbufiafm,  byr 
pocrify,  fuperftition,  chicanery,  quackery^ 
pedantry.;  with  ntiaiiiy  a$e(^atiqns  and  vaai* 
ties,  falbions  and  /olUes,  failings  and  foibles 
of  life,  ufu^ly  bclpw  4he  fharp  heavy 
fcQurge  of  fatire^  and  often  more  effedtualJy 
treforming  by  fucb  kinds  >of  pieafant  an4 
palatable  raillery^  t|pi^n  the  moft  fevere  and 
l^rttvP^izing  reafon ;.  as>  on  th;  qther  han4» 

y  3         .      «t 


[  ^^^  J 

^  may  be  a  mifchicvous  weapon,  nd  left 
fubjed  to  ofFend  and  degrade  religion,  go-f' 
yernment,  laws,  morals,  manners,  efpeci* 
ally  chaftity  and  reputation  j  even  juftice, 
truth,  and  publick  virtue  itfelf.     But  as  the 

J  general  end  of  (hewing  the  raufe  thus  in*  her 
jTolicks  abd  vagaries,  iSj  or  (hould  he,  no 
more  than  innocent  and  inoffenfiye  ciiverfion, 
by  agreeably  variegating  our  ideas,  as  fome 
gTafles  may  be  held  in  fuch  a  pofition,  asf 
to  invert  their  objeSs  j  there  requires  great 
delicacy  and  difcretion  to  keep  within  the  Ji- 
mits  of  decency  and  decorum,  that  no  parf 
degenerates  into  any  thing  profane,  obfcenCj^ 
fcurrilous,  or  bordering  upon  the  defiling 
manner^s,  and  low,  vulgar  cant,  or  o&er 
tainted  ttrms  o(  BUlingfgate.  Mannas  them-? 
felves  may  be  better  reformed  than  by  ua^ 
mannerly  means,  wherein  the  very  ialvc 
might  poifon  the  fore.  |t  is  true,  he  muft 
be  a  cyhick  indeed,  \y\\o  can  endure  no  tale 
to  be  told  on  a  proper  occafion,  and  in  fit 
Company,  after  a  droll  manner ;  but  to  found 
a  profefforftiip  of  mockery,  or  buffoonery j| 
and  commence  a  doflior  of  drollery,  upon 
all  fubjcdts,  before  all  perfons,  and  in  alj 
places,  muft  reduce  a  man  to  a  monkey^ 
and  expofe  him  more  contenr^ptibly  than  a 
mountebank.  It  were,  furely,  an  abjc€l 
ambition,  never  to  be  envied  by  refined  and 
more  reftified  fpirits,  to  furpafs,  in  all  their 
I  *  moft 


I 


^  xxiii  3 

mod  coniummate  qualities^  the  beft  Dutch 
|)ickle-herring»    ScatcJ>  morny-andrcw,    or 
Englijh  jack-pudding,  that  ^cver  -exifted.    If 
parallels  and  dedudtions   often  yield  con- 
ivincing  confiraiations^  and  from  companions^ 
:as  philofqphcrs  fay,  arife  the.greateft  part  of 
our  knowledge*,  it  may  be  in  ,the  conduft 
of  a  man's  thoughts,  and  *exprefli(His  in  his 
writings,  much  as  in  hb  caraage,  his  gef- 
1ure>   his  voice,    and  countenance,  in  hi^ 
<onverfation.  He  need  not  have  the  faculties 
^f  his  mind,  no  more  than  the  features  x^ 
•hjs  face,  continually  ftarched  and  flifFened 
-crp   with  gravity,  like  Fdifla£^^^   men   ia 
buckram :  yet  is  it  ^preferable  to  fee  a  vi- 
iage  fixed  like  a^i^ard,  or  a  bufto  in  plaif- 
4er  of  Paris^  than  always  diftorted,  as  if 
^by  convulfions,  into  fcopnful  fneor  and  gii- 
cnace.      Habit,    in    this    vhumour,    often 
ilretchcs  to  excefs ;  and,!from  moderate  li- 
t)erties  of  this  kind«  -men  have,  at  lad,  be-> 
come  licentious.     They  may  ekher  quibble 
the  charadters  of  wit  and  wifdom  away  in 
a  few  conundrums,  or  fcribble  them  away 
an  two  or  three  cantos  of  burlefque,  as  Are^ 
ttne^  at  a  piece  of  ribaldry,  loft  bis  life  in  a 
jfit  of  laughter  \.     Many,  through  this  vain 
4)aflion  of  outshining  all  others,  and  making 

*  Sir  Tohie  Matthews'^  Letters,  publiihed  by  Dc* 
*P^,  Donne<t  the  youirger,  8vo,  1660.  p.  169. 

4-  £<7j//s  Di<^ionary,  10  the  article  of  jP.  yfr^//;«^* 

Y  4  <hem- 


[  xxiv  ] 

themCblves  moft  extravagantly  entertaiolngt 
have  fo  much  unbridled  and  indulged  this 
vein  of  ridicule^  as  to  render  themfelves  ridi« 
culous;  and  by  ever  forcing  either  hearers 
or  readers  with  their  farcical  mimickries^  to  an 
unwilling  compliance  of  grinning,  gigglingt 
and  laughing  with  thetDi  have,  in  the  end, 
funk  fo  low  or  become  fo  rude,  as  to  be 
laughed  at  with  fcorn  and  abhorrence  by 
them ;  efpecially  when  they  perceive,  how 
likely  it  is  to  be  their  own  cafe  j  and  how 
much  in  danger  themfelves,  their  reputations^ 
or  any  of  their  company  ever  are,  either  pre- 
fent  or  abfent,  under  fuch  difpofitions,  to  the 
like  derifion  and  defamation.  Such  precau- 
tions may  need  fo  much  niore  to  be  regarded, 
by  how  much  flronger  the  temptations  ar^ 
to  tranigrefs  them ;  and  thefe  general  heads 
upon  thofe  attradtive  topicks  of  burlefque  in 
fublime  argumentS|  or  banter  in  feriou^ 
difcourfe,  inducing  to  fome  moderation,  or 
reftriftion,  and  confinement  of  them  to  pro- 
per objcdls,  will  not  be  thought  to  prefs  too 
heavily  upon  them,  by  thofe  who  have  read . 
how  they  have  been  handled  by  Sir  William 
Vi^emple^  Mr.  Dryden,  and  qth^r  moft  able 
and  approved  judges/  Much  lefs  is  this  di* 
greflion  meant  to  refleft,  with  the  leaft  dif? 
agreeable  warmth,  upon  any  performance  of 
^t.  Cotton's  in  this  kind,  as  he  engaged  his 
pen  niuch  inore  in  fober  profe,  tl^an  ill  all 

bis 


hb  poetry :  but,  if  kindly  accepted,  aa^t  ii 
intended,  it  may  not  altogether  be  unfe;^ 
viceable  to  thofe  whom  h»cafier  it  may 
paore  nearly  concern. 

Yet  a  little  further,  and  more  particularly 
upon^he  progrefs  and  entrance  into  England 
of  this  exotick  difguife  of  wit,  under  the 
title  of  burlefque,  not  improbably  derived 
from  the  Italian  Burla,  or  Burlefca.  When 
it  had  revelled  through  Italy  for  above  a 
century,  and  climbed  over  the  Alps^  it  foon 
Overrun  France^  found  that  rank  or  luxuri- 
ant foil  fo  thriving,  and  proved  fuch  a  daintjf 
ragoo  to  their  fuperfine  tafte,  that  there 
was  no  rooting  it  out,  or  bringing  it  under 
any  moderate  reduftion,  for  twenty  years  at 
^  leaft.  In  the  midft  of  this  career  we  arc 
told,  the  frenzy  ran  fo  high,  that  no  book- 
feller  would  meddle  with  any  poetical  com- 
pofition  without  burlefque;  infomuch, 
that  the  Crucifixion  itfelf  could  not  efcapc 
it  *.  But  how  bold  and  alarming  foever  the 
title  of  that  performance  here  referred  to 
might  appear,  it  proved  but  a  deception  to 
the  libertine  readers,  when  they  found  it 
a  mifconflrudion,  to  conclude,  that  folema 
fubjed  was  treated  with  levity  and  irreve- 

*  La  pajjion  de  nojire  Seigneur.  En  vers  burlefques, 
Parisy  8vo,  1649.  See  ^j/w^r's  Short  View  of  Tra- 
gedy, cap.  I,"    Alfo  Biographia  Gallica,  Vol.  i.  8vo, 

'1752.      p.     Il8r 

'     ^  rence. 


I  xxvi  ] 

rence,  because  the  common  idea  or  concept 
lion  of  this  ftik  might  bear  fucbi  a  fportive 
implication  $  for  at  that  time  all  the  JPr^;^^^. 
verification,  which  was  confined  to  eight 
or  nine  fyllables,  efpecially  with  fo  many  of 
their  difTyllable^  or  double  liumes^  was  called 
burlefque  verfe;  and  indeed  their  heroick 
verfe  is  little  better  lor  the  fame  reafon,  and 
partly  for  their  ill-chofen  meafurc  and  ca- 
dence; as  father  J?^//;?^  and  others  of  their 
beft  criticks,  have  obferved. 

We  are  informed  that  this  burldfque  flile 
was  begun  in  France  by .  St.  Amant ;  and 
that  it  was  accufed,  in  him^  with  its  mofl; 
common  defedtj  of  being  too  low  and  vul* 
gar :  but  Scarron,  ftriking  out  a  more  po* 
lite  fp^ics  of  it,  heightened  with  a  brighter 
mixture  of  wit  and  humpur»  about  the 
beginning  of  our  civil  wars,  recovered  and 
cftablithed  its  credits  It  thence  grew  into 
fuch  high  requeft  for  its  fiiccefsfizi  opera* 
tionsj  that,  like  our  ballads,  it  was  ufed  as 
a  mofl  ready  expedient  and  effeftual  ca-^ 
tholiconi  to  aHuage  and  appe^fe  all  tuf  bulent 
humours  of  any  party  in  the  body  politick, 
during  all  the  wars  of  Fans,  and  the  dit. 
putes  pf  cardinal  Mazarine's  miniftry,  no-v 
thing  being  equal  to  it  for  the  diipatch  of 
bufinefs.  It  was  ufed  as  a  terrible  artillery 
againft  that  crafty  Italian,  and  a  fplay-foot^d 
jhime  came  xrofs   him  fometimes,  like  a 

chain- 


[  xxvii  J 

chain -fliot,  where  a  fpeech  in  parliament 
dropped  without  execution. 

And  yet  this  meteor  of  burlefque  did  not 
bla2;e  long  in  that  horizon^  after  the  death 
of  Scarron ;  but  then  it  rofe  in  ours,  witU 
greater  refulgence,  in  the  matchlefs  Hudi-* 
bras.  The  ficft  part  of  this  poem  was  pub-8- 
]t (hed  abou  t  three  years  after  Scarron^  death  *, 
and  about  twelve  months  before  Mr.  Cotton'^ 
work  appeared  from  the  prefs ;  when  the 
humour  was  fo  advantageoufly  aninsated^ 
^nd,  as  it  were,  naturalised,  by  Mr.  ButUr% 
and  thctafte  of  the  town  fo  favourably  pre-* 
pared  to  receive  and  reliih  any  tolerable  imi^ 
tations,  that  Mr.  Cottons  performance  was 
thought,  by  fome,  to  meet,  in  part,  with 
the  fpcccfsful  reception  it  did,  for  attending 
or  coming  forth,  under  the  um'bragc  or 
protedtion,  as  it  was  beheld  of  that  poem  ; 
though  its  intriniick  merit,  by  others,  was 
believed  fiifficient  to  recommend  it  to  the 
pqblick.  Whether  his  fccond  book  of  F/r-? 
jf/7,  io  converted,  was  printed  while  he  liv-; 
ed,  I  know  not;  but  read,  that  there  wa^ 
»n  edition  of  it  after  his  death  -f*.  We  arc 
informed  that,  together  with  the  firft  book 
of /^/r^/y,*he  alfo  found  encouragement  t6 
publish  the  fourth,  fo  travefticd,  in  Odavo, 

*  In  0£lavo,  1663. 

f  In  Oftavo,  1692.  Vid.  CataL  Libr,  Imprejf.  in 
J^ibl,  BodL  FoL  OxQJu  1738.  p.  320. 

1667, 


l  xxviH  ] 

r667,  and  that  this  volume  was  repiintei 
ibme  years  after.  Among  the  generality  of 
readers,  thefe  poems,  and  others  of  his  in 
this  ftite,  were  efteemed  equal  with,  if  noc 
I^eyond,  what  had  appeared  from  the  Ifa^ 
Hans  and  the  French  among  us ;  or .  in  our 
ether  mock  heroicks  and  counterfeits  of 
Butkr,  whether  in  the  Hcgan-Moganidei^ 
or  Dutxbf  the.Scofcb,  Iri/b,  Welch  Hudibras^ 
Butler's  Gboft^  ox  smy  other  in  this  fpecies 
of  writing.  The  charader  which  Langhaine 
has  giiren  us  of  Cotton's  Scarronides^  is  as 
follows  :  '<  Though  the  title  feems  to  imply 
^'  as  if  this  poem  was  an  iinitation  of  Scar'^ 
^*  ron,  who  has  tTanflated  eight  books  of 
**  Virgil  in  the  fame  manner ;  yet  thofc 
**  who  wHl  compare  both  thefe  pieces,  wiH 
^  poffibly  find,  that  he  has  not  only  ex* 
^  cceded  the  French,  but  all  others  that 
^  have  attempted  in  that  kind,  to  the  re^ 
'*  fcrve  of  the  incomparable  Butler,  the 
^  famed  author  of  Hudibras  *.** 
•  Our  author  now  applying  his  thoughts 
more  fedately,  had  undertaken  in  the  leifure 
of  a  country  life,  to  translate  a  -curious  and 
copious  piece  of  French  hiftory ;  but  before 
he  had  gone  through  a  fourth  part  of  it,  he 
was  called  away  by  fome  employment  or 
poft  that  was  conferred  upon  him,  ^s  wp 

*  Dv^m,  Poets,  .p.  76. 


may  leara  from  his  own  words  ^.  After  &e 
wa«  diicharged  of  that  employment,  he  was 
again  interrupted  for  fome  confiderablc 
tkne^  from  proceeding  upon  the  faid  biftoryt 
by  a-  tedious  and  uncomfortable  (icknefs, 
which  long  indifpofed  him  to  fini(h  it ;  but 
he  ib  earneftly  renamed  his  defign,  after  he 
was  recovered  of  bis  diforder,  that  before  ther 
end  of  1 669,  he  con(^pleted  the  tranflation ; 
aud  it  ^as  publi(hed  the  next  year,  under  thef 
title  of,  "Tie  Htfiory  ef  the  Life  of  the  Duke  tf 
Bfperhon,  the  great  favwrite  of  Prance,  in 
twelve  books;  cDntaining  the  hiJioryofFt^v^c^ 
^c^y.  Englithedby  C^irr/^/(^//^;2,£fq;and 
printed  in  Folio,  ^tyo.  It  was  written  by 
the  duke's  fccreiary,  Monfieur  G^r^r^j  held 
been  publifhed  about  fifteen  years  before  Mr  ^' 
Cotton  Kanilated  it,  and  iince  had  other  tA\^ 
tions  in  France  i  being  accounted  a  faithful; 
accurate,  and  weU -penned  work.  The  Erig^ 
iiflj  tranflation  is  dedicated,  by  our  author^ 
to  his  countryman  Gilbert  Sheldon^  arch- 
bifiiop  of  Canterbury  y  becaufe,  befides  the 
motives  of  bis  patron's  great  virtues,  of 
affability  and  beneficence,  he  was  al(a 
prompted  thereto  by  an  honeft  vanity,  that 
it  ihould  be  known,  how  private  foever  his 

*  In  his  Pref.  to  The  Lift  of  the  Duke  ^^Efpcrnon, 
t  From  1598,  where  tyAvilla  cqafesj,  to  16+2. 

life 


[  x«ii  J 

that   he  wis    driven  back  till  the  wind 
Veered  *. 

He  next  publi(hed  his  tranflation  of  the 
tragedy  oi  Horace^  from  the  French  oi  Peter 
CorneiUei  notwithftanding  that  it  had  been 
tranflated  before  by  Sir  Wilham  Lower ^  and 
Mrs.  Catherine  Philips  ^  the  celebrated  Orinda. 
He  is  reckoned  to  have  much  furpafled  the 
knight's  performance,  and  equalled  at  leaA 
the  lady's,  though  with  great  modefly  and 
generofity  he  gives  her's  the  preference.  He 
did  not  fend  it  to  the  prefs  till  five  years 
after  he  had  tranflated  it ;  and  he  dedicates 
it  to  his  dear  fifter  Mrs.  Stanhope  Hut chinfon^ 
perhaps  the  fiftcr  he  was  fb  fond  ofr  It  was 
publidied  in  Quarto,  1671,  being,  perhaps, 
a  more  correct  edition  than  that  ptinted  in 
a  fmaller  form  the  year  before.  A  more 
enlarged  account  of  it  may  be  feen  in  Lang*' 
haine,  and  the  names  of  thofe  ancient  hiflo- 
rians,  from  whom  the  plot. or  argument  is 
drawn  *f*.  I  meet  with  no  appearance  that  he 
made  in  print  till  three  years  after,  and  then 
came  out  his  verfion  of  a  little  French  novel, 
as  I  take  it,  named,  l^he  Fair  One  of  Tunis, 
§r  the  generous  mijlrefsf  Oftavo,  1 674.  I  dp 
not  now  remember  whether  it  is  dedicated 

•  See  his  Voyage  to  Ireland^  in  three  Cantos^  bur- 
l^fque,  among  his  poems,  from  p.  168  to  2X1.    - 
t  Dram.  Po^ts,  p.  74,  75. 

(a 


[  icxxiii  ] 

to  any  eminent  perfoa  he  was  known  to, 
not  having  feen  it  of  many  years. 

The  fruits  of  his  pen  now  appeared  agairj 
ii)  hiftory ;  and  he  obliged  the  publick  with 
his  tranflation  of  the  Commentaries  of  Bhik 
dcMonluck,  Marefcbal of  France  i  whereiij 
are  deicribedj  all  the  combats^  rencounters^ 
Jkirmijhes,  battles,  Jieges,  ajfaults,  fcalados  j 
the  taking  znA  furprijing  of  towns  ^nd  for-f 
trejfes ;  as  alfo  the  defences  and  affault^  of  the 
befieged,  6?c,  printed  in  FoliQ,  1 674  *r     The 
author  was  a  vivacious  enterprifing  Gafcon^ 
and  did  command  in  fome  of  the  wars  he 
treats  of.     He  arrogates  much  fometimes  tQ 
his  own  fagacious  condudl;  but  his  arts  of 
magnifying  little  difficulties  and  deliverances^ 
are  not  imperceptible  to  difcerning  eyes, 
through  all  the  flender  cpbwebs  of  his  own 
pplitical   exaggerations.     He    had   one  or 
more  potable  faculties  of  fonie  modern  warr 
riors;  being  very  quick-fighted  in  the  apr 
proach  of  danger,  and  very  quick-footed  tQ 
^void  it.     For  among  his  beft  ftratagems  iqi 
the  arts  of  war,  his  greaeft  dexterity  feems 
to  have  lain  fometioies  \xi  the  arts  of  flight| 
pr  elfe  he  had  never  rofe  to  be  Marefchal 
of  France^  as  he  intimates  himfelf :  which  is 
more  particularly  exemplified  in  his  runagate 
fafety  at  the  fiege  of  Boulogne ,  yet  a|fo  in 

♦  Again,  Fol  1688. 

Z  ,  reviling 


[  xxxiv  ] 

reviling  the  Engli/b  valour,  and  other  g^fca'*^ 
nades,  the  lord  Herbert  has  very  decently 
dlfplayed  *.  Nor  will  Naudteus  allow  the 
affairs  he  has  difcribed  are  fo  wonderful  as 
the  author  would  have  them  believed :  yet 
others  agree  that,  with  proper  allowance^ 
for  fome  partSr  there  are  often  good  intelli-i 
gences  to  be  met  with  in  thofe  commentaries! 
This  verfion  needs  no  encomiums  here,  after 
what  has  been  faid  by  Mr.  Flatman^  in  his 
verfes  on  the  work  of  the  author,  to  the 
worthy  tranflator  -f-,  C.  Cotton^  Efq; 

In  the  next  year  appeared  two  little  books 
more  of  his  writing ;  the  fir  ft  in  profe,  called 
n^be  Planter  s  Manual  \    being  infiruStions 
ioi  cultivating  all  forts  oi  fruit -trees  ^  8vo, 
1675,  relating  to  the  propagation  and  im^ 
provement  of  fuch  trees  in  their  adapted 
foils ;  a  fubjcd:  both  natural  and  neceflary, 
to  engage  the  confideration  of  all  thofe  wnp* 
are  defirous  to  enrich  and  adorn  their  gar- 
dens, orchards,  and  other  inclofures  about 
their  eftates.     The  other  piece  is  written  in 
verfe,  and  publifhed  under  the  title  of,  Bur^ 
lefque  upon  Burlejque^  or  the  Scoffer  Scoffed ; 
being  fome  of  Luciano  Dialogues  put  into 

*  Hift  of  K.  Henry  VIII.  Fol  1683.  P-  S^S-  Sub 
Ann.  1544- 

+  T.  Flatmah's  Poems  and  Son^s,  2d  edit,  ^c,  Svo^ 
1676.  p.  129.  on  which  volume  there  is  a  commenda- 
tory poem  prefixed,  among  others,  by  C,  Cotton. 

6  Englijb 


{  «CKV   I 

Mf^tifi)  fiifitan ;  for  the  confolation  of  tfeofc 
who  had  rather  laugh  and  be  merry 9  than  be 
Merry  zx\ A  wife.  Printed  in  iimo,  ^^75-  -As 
the  author,  who  knew  his  own  teinpe:r,  calls 
bimfelf,  in  his  P/etuioJogiJia,  an  incontinenc 
laugher  *  ;  Ca/per  Bartbins^  who  has  givei^ 
a  moderate,  aad  perhaps  equitable  character 
of  his  philofophy^  might  have  fome  foun- 
dation to  -call  him,  LXeorum  hominumqu^  ir- 
rifbremt  a  decider  both  of  gods  and  men. 
Thofe  dialogues,  in  Englijhj  have  paffedfive 
^editions  at  leaA;  and, our  tranflator,  in  his 
Prologue^  thought  the  icenes  in  them  might 
pafs  for  plays,  with  thofe  which  were  writ* 
ten  by  a  certain  ducheis,  who  was  gone  to 
write  in  a  iiew  world  of  her  own  making  ; 
by  whom  it  is  fuppofed,  he  meant  the  dutch- 
efsof  Newcafile^  who  died  about  two  year« 
before  this  publication,  and  had  partly  writ 
a  kind  of  play«  among  many  others^  called 
VChe  Blazing  World  ij-.     As  he  h  ated  all  cor^ 
rupters  of  manners,  and  the  dialogues  were 
wrote  in  hafte,  he  hopes  fome  w.ords,  whicn 
might  ^fcape  in  the  heat  of  fancy,  may  be 
winked  ati  and  fome  of  his  readers  have 
wiflied,  that  he  had  omitted,  or  altered  tlie 
dialogue  between -^/>a//c?  and  Bacchusz  ^how- 
ever, as  he  informs  us  in  his.£/»/y<9£^»^/that  aj| 

t  Langhaxncy  p.  392,  393. 

Z   2  W 


[   XXXVl    1 

his  other  writings  of  this  kind  having  met 
with  publick  approbation,  he  meant  here- 
after, to  fet  forth  Lucians  Dialogues  of  the 
Dead',  but  they  never  appeared  under  his 
hand,  whatever  was  performed  afterwards 
of  that  kind,  by  Tom  Brown,  and  others. 

But  now,  his  old  friend  Mr.  Ifalion  hav- 
ing propofed  to  pubH(h  a  new  edition  of 
his  book  of  Fijhing,  engaged  Mr.  Cotton  to 
oblige  all  lovers  of  the  iport,  with  a  coai- 
munication  of  his  long  pra^ice  and  obfer- 
vatibns  thereon ;  that  the  manner  of  exerci- 
iing  the  art,  with  the  different  tackle,  baits, 
and  ufagc  thereof,  ii>  the  more  northern 
rivers,-  might  be  known,  as  vf<\\  as  iri  the 
fbuth.  Accordingly,  to  Wah on  s  Complete 
[Angler,  or  CQntei7ip  lathe  Mans  Recreation^ 
was  added  ihtfecondpart ;  htiviginflruSiions 
how  to  angle  for  2iTrout  or  Grayling  ma  clear 
Jlream-,  by  Charts  Cofton^  of  Beres/ord,  in 
the  Peak,  Efq;  dedicated  to  that  virtuous 
man,  the  father  of  all  anglers,  and  they 
were  printed  together  iri  OBdyo,  ^PjP  i 
with  thft  initial  letters,  erigraved  in  the  title 
page  of  Mr.  Cottons  part,  of  both  their 
names,  interwoven  in  a  cypher,  as  it  wa^ 
carved  over^the  door  of  his  FtJktrig^H^ufe, 
on  the  (wift  and  limpid  riv^v  Dove.  To 
pafs  any  judgment  here  upon  Ills  perfqrrii- 
ance,  may  be  needleis,  after  what  has  been 
(aid  in  its  praife  by  fFaltori  himfelf,  Lang^ 

bame^ 


r  xxxvii  1 

paine^  and  others^  who  have  given  us  ne\v 
impreflions  of  it,  or  had  occafion,  in  other 
books  on  the  fame  fabjeft,  to  follow  or 
confirm  any  inflrudlions  therein :  among 
^hom»  I  (hall  mention  only  one  gentleman, 
who,  fpeaking  occafionally  of  this  book, 
fays  of  Mr.  Cotton^  that  *'  he  was,  without 
**  doubt,  the  moft  laborious  Trout-catcher, 
**  if  not  the  moft  experienced  angler,  both 
**  for  Trout  and  Grayling,  ihzi  England  tvtt 
'^  had  *:' 

Further  to  avoid  the  importunities  which 
would  ibmetimes  intrude  too  abruptly  upon 
him,  as  he  often  pathetically  complains,  he 
would  wander  from  the  calm  attractions  of 
his  fmooth  ftreams  and  rivers,  to  the  wilder, 
more  rugged,  and  ftupendous  profpedls  and 
produftions  of  nature,  fo  rife  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood about  him ;  advancing  his  invefti- 
gations  not  only  above,  and  upon,  but  under 
the  earth;  through  the  woods,  mountains, 
rocks,  caves,  gulphs,  mines,  and  quarries, 
which  there,  on  every  fide,  furrounded  him. 
Then  feeing  the  bewildering  growth  to  which 
time  had  iufFered  thofe  romantick  fcenes  to 
(hoot  forth,  he  thought  they  would  as  pro- 
perly fall  under  the  cognizance  of  poetry,  as 
bifhop  Nicbolfon  thinks  they  wOv^ld  under 

*  7hi  Complete  Ftjhermarty  8?c.  by  James  Saunders^ 
Efqi   O^a'Or)^  1724.  p.  94. 

Z  J  that 


[  xxxviii  J 

that  of  natural  biftary  * :  fo  m  cmulatfort 
of  Mr.  Hobbes's  Latin  poem,  DeMirabilibus 
Pecci  "f-y  Mr.  Cc^ton  published  his  Englijh 
one,  containing,  The  Wonders  of  the  Peak  %. 
'Tis  written  in  good  eafy  verfe  of  ten  fyl- 
iables  >  defcribing  the /even  wanders  \\,  in  a 
natural,  lively,  and  pidturefque  manner,  as  in 
fo  many  landikips.  The  feat  and  gardens  at 
Cbatfworthy  with  their  noble  ford,  are  prin- 
cipally celebrated  >  alio  M^rjr  queen  of  Scots, 
Ibme  time  abiding  at  Buxton,  for  the  benefit 
of  its  mediciaal  waters;  and  there  are  three 
or  four  lines  in  praife  of  Mr.  Hobbes,  fwr 
the  perfpicuity  of  his  ftyle,  &e. 

But  now,  our  author  having  prefcrlbed 
hrmfelf  a  more  extenfive  taik,  gsve  us  a 
new  verfion  of  all  Montaigne's  Effays :  it 
made  its  appearance  in  three  volumes  0^j<z;^, 
3685;  and  was  fo  acceptably  received,  the 
fir  ft  tranllation  by  Jobn  Fiona,  being  grown 

*  EngLUxVi.  Llbr.  p.  il. 

j^  ^artOj  1666.  7,d  eiit.  reprinted  ynth  zn  EngHjh 
tranflation,  by  a  perfon  of  quality,  4/9,  1678.  Thcfe 
was  alfo  the  Nonjuch  Wonder  of  the  Peakin  Derby/hire, 
by  H*  A,  %voy  1669. 

X  ^arto^  1 68 1,  i&Sjr  afterwards  with  cuts,  ia 
8^i;/7,    the  5  th    edk.   with   Scarronides    and  .Lucian^ 

J734- 

11  Mdssy  Monsj  Barathrum^  binus  FomyAntraquebind. 

HofiQES» 

That  is,  Chaffworth'houfeyMam'tor^Eld^n^hole^Bux^ 
ton,  and  TFeedon-wells,,  th^  DcV^s-arp,  and  P^w/'s-ie//. 

obfolcte^ 


[  xxxlx  ] 

obiblete^  that  it  afterwards  ran  through  two 
or  three  editions  more  *.  There  is  a  fhort 
account  of  the  French  author^  with  a  dedi* 
^cation  by  Ml*.  Cotton^  to  Charles  earl  of 
Hallifax^  and  a  polite  anfwer  by  his  lord- 
fhip  to  the  tranflator,  prefixed,  as  I  remeni« 
bcr^  for  the  work  is  not  in  any  Engltjh 
edition  now  before  me. 

Thefe  are  all  the  books  of  his  I  have  met 
with^  which  were  publiftied  by  him  during 
his  life  I  but  there  are  two  pofthumous  pub- 
lications of  his  writing,  which  for  con- 
nexion fake  with  his  other  performances^ 
and  lead  the  chain  of  his  literary  labours 
fhould  be  unlinked  or  too  much  interrupted, 
may  be  here  fpoken  of,  before  I  mention  the 
time  of  his  death.  One  is,  his  Poems  onje^ 
'veral  Occafions  \^  often  above  referred  to. 
They  appear  to  be  genuine ;  though  perhaps 
too  inadvertently,  if  not  furreptitioufly  pub- 
li{hed;  without  that  choice,  correction,  and 
order,  in  which  the  author's  friends  and  fa- 
mily would  have  feen  them  fent  abroad. 
For  the  editor  of  the  next  book  to  be  here 
fpoken  of,  in  his  preface  before  it,  has  the 
-following  reftedion  upon  the  publiflier  of 
thefe  poems:  "  Had  the  perfonwho  difpofcd 
•*  of  them,  confulted  Mr.  Cotton  %  relations, 

*  ^693,  171 1,  1723,  lie. 

t  Priiited  in  a  large  OSfavo^  1^93* 

Z  4  ♦J  both 

1 


^^  both  his  memory  andt  the  world  had  been 
'^  ttiore  obliged  to  him ;  having  obftfuded 
"  the  publifhing  of  a  collcftion  very  difFe-* 
•*  rent,  and  wcll-chpfcn  by  the  aathaf, 
'^  with  a  preface  by  himfelf,  and  all  copied 
*'  for  the  prefs ;  which  would  have  mad^ 
<<  them  as  well  received^  as  his  other  per-» 
««  formances ;  who  knew  how  to  diflin^ 
**  guifli  between  writing  for  his  own  diver- 
^*  fion,  and  the  entertainment  of  others; 
*'  and  had  a  better  judgment  than  to  truft 
^*  any  thing  abroad^  unworthy  himfelf  or 
•**  his  readers." 

Yet  this  colleAion^  as  it  is^  contains  many 
inflrudtive,  ingenious,  and  agreeable  poems 
in  it.  It  may  be  perceived  in  many  of  them 
that  he  was  an  humane  and  hofpitable»  io^ 
ciable  and  pleafant  companion  i  but  too  im- 
provident in  his  oeconomyj  which  much 
embarraifed  and  reduced  his  eftate.  As  he 
was  virtuoufly  trained,  he  was  free  from  pride, 
fraud,  and  oppreffion :  fpeaks  of  his  friends, 
dearly  bought,  and  of  his  enemies,  very 
movingly,  that  he  had  (hewed  charity  and 
compaffion  to  thofe  who  had  none  for  him ; 
was  ftruggling  under  the  ingratitude  of  fuch, 
whom  he  had  bountifully  befriended  and 
trufted ;  and  fueing  to  thofe  who  bad  been 
his  fuitors.  Thar,  though  he  had  ftill  left 
all  competent  or  neceiTary  accommodations, 
and  wanted  liot  the  fupports  of  life,  yet  w^s 

he 


I 


he  denied  the  comforts  of  it ;  being  cnfnat*-* 
ed  in  bonds  and  eternal  contention,  by 
his  clamorous  and  mercilefs  creditors.  Thefe 
bitter  fenfations  and  fufFerings  of  a  gene-^ 
rous  fpiritf  are  too  plainly  vifible  in  fome  of 
his  eclogues  *  and  odes ;  his  admired  flanzas 
on  retirement  -f,  to  his  friend  fValton  >  and 
more  efpccially,  thofe  upon  melancholy j  bope^ 
poverty  J, .  &c. 

There  are  alfo  feveral  poems  in  this  vo- 
lume, written  to,  and  upon  divers  noble 
and  honourable,  eminent  and  memorable 
perfbns,  relations  and  friends,  befides  thofe 
before  mentioned.  Such  as,  his  epiftles  ta 
his  friend  "John  BradjhaWy  Efq;  one  of 
them  on  his  journey  to  Stafford/hire ;  ano- 
ther on  The  great  Froji^  &c.  ||  feveral  to  IVfr. 
Walton^  To  the  countefs  of  Cbefierfield,  on 
the  birth  of  her  firft  fon.  On  the  death  of 
Ti6^/fftf J  earl  of  OJfory^  who  died  in  i68a.. 
•  But  whether  fo  well  rewarded  for  it,  as  Mr. 
Flatman  was  for  his  elegy  thereupon  §,  who 
received  a  prefent,  in  return  of  it,  from  his 
lord(hip's  father,  James  duke  of  Ormonde 

♦  Sec  his  Poems  J    p,  ic8,   in   the  chara£ler  of 
Clotten. 

t  Ideniy  p.  133. 
.   X  Ibid.  263,  369,  303,  i^c. 

II  In- 1683. 

§  In  Si  PinJarick  ode,  Fclioy  1681 ;  reprinted  in  the 
•third  edition  of  hi^Paemsy  8vo>  1682. 

of 


of  a  mourning  ring,  with  a  diamond  in  it, 
worth  an  hundred  pounds  *,  I  know  not. 
His  two  poems  on  counfellor  Marriof,  the 
great  eater  of  Graf$-Inn.  EfHtaph  on  his 
dear  aunt,  Anne  Stanhope  i  highly  in  her 
praife.  His  journey  into  the  Peaky  to  Sir 
jtfton  Cockaine ;  and  two  more,  on  his  plays. 
On  the  death  of  his  dear  uncle,  Mr.  Rad^ 
cliffe  Stanhope.  To  his  friend  Mr.  Lefy^  on 
his  pidture  of  the  excellently  virtuous  lady 
Jfabella  Thynn.  That  eminent  artift,  after- 
wards knighted,  drew  alfo  the  pidture  of 
Mr.  Cotton^  as  1  have  heard  *f^;  and  that  it  wajs 
not  only  fometime  in  the  pofTeffion  of  Sir 
jljion  Cockaine^  at  AJhburney  but  is  alfo  fliU 
in  being.  Epitaph  on  Annis  Roiin,  the 
hermaphrodite,  who,  as  our  poet  fays,  got 
himfelf  with  child,  firft  of  a  fon,  and  then 
a  daughter.  He  was  called  by  that  nick- 
name, as  1  have  read  in  other  poems  and 
pamphlets  of  ^hofe  times,  from  his  felling 
drams  of  annis-fecd  water  about  the  ftrects.. 
There  are  alfo  feme  other  charadleriftical 
poems;  for  which  thofe,  who  are  fufther  cu- 
rious about  them,  are  hereby  referred  to  the 

♦  Jthen.  Oxon.  Vol.  II.  Col.  825. 

t  It  is  very  true,  that  Sir  Peter  Lei^  painted  Mr,  Cot-- 
ton*s  pifturc;  ^nd,  through  the  favour  of  the  proprietor 
thereof,  Brooke  Bootbbyy  of  Ajhhurne-ball^  Efq  \  mc  have 
been  enabled  to  give  the  print  prefixed  to  the  fecond 
part  of  thh  work, 

book 


[  xIHi  ] 

book  ilfclf.  The  tranflations  arc  chiefly  from 
Horace f  Martialy  Catullus ^  jiufonius,  yoannei 
SecunJus,  Sir  Thomas  More^  Buchanan^  and 
fcvcral  French  poets,  Italians^  &c.  The  whole 
ends  with  The  Battle  ofTury  inFrance^  con- 
Ming  of  near  an  hundred  and  twenty  ftan* 
zas^  of  eight  lines  i  with  a  poem  prefixed, 
to  his  honoured  friend  the  author,  by  Tfoo-^ 
mas  Bancroft ;  who  tells  him,  that  like  a 
true  bred  Stanhope^  he  writes  in  ftate  with- 
out running  into  redundancies.  Langbaine*% 
Ihort  chara<fter  and  diflindion  of  him  in 
thefe  compofitions,  is,  that  he  was  an  ex- 
cellent ly rick  poet ;  but  particularly  famous 
for  burlefque. 

His  lafl  performance  was  a  tranflation 
from  the  French^  of  The  Memoirs  of  the 
Sieur  De  Pontss,  who  fervcd  in  the  army 
fix  and  fifty  years^  under  king  Henry  IVT. 
Lewis  XIIL  and  Leivis  XIV.  containing 
mzny  remarkable pajfages  relating  to  the  war^ 
the  court,  and  the  government  of  thofe  princes, 
faithfully  Engliflied,  by  Charles  Cotton, 
Efq;  *.  The  volume  is  dedicated  by  Beref- 
ford  Cotton,  to  the  duke  of  Ormondi  the  faid 
tranflation  having  been  recommended  to,  and 
requefted  of,  Mr.  Cotton,  the  editor's  father, 

^  Theft  Memoirs  appeared  not  till  fome  few  years 
after  the  tranflator's  death.  The  Jmprirmttir  was 
granted  in  July  I993>  and  they  were  publiflicd  in 
FqUo,  1694. 

by 


[  xllv  3 

r 

by  the  old  duke»  his  grace's  grandfather^ 
The  author  was  a  captain  in  the  French 
king's  guards^  and  commiflary  general  of  the 
Sw^s  troops.  He  pafTed  his  long  Hfe  in  camp 
and  courts  and  died  in  religious  retirement  *« 
The  editor  in  his  ingenious  preface,  antici- 
pates and  renaovcs  two  objedions.  One  is, 
the  want  of  dignity,  or  high  rank  in  the 
fubjedt  of  his  memoirs;  aiid  the  other,  which 
we  refer  to,  is  the  delay  of  publication.  He 
has  fome  fenfible  reflediions  upon  the  vulgar 
error  of  titles  and  preferments  being  thought 
the  only  marks  or  meafures  of  merit,  which 
would  make  undignified,  or  unfuccefsfui 
•  virtue,  none  at  all;  andfet  up  chance,  par- 
tiality, or  a  powerful  intereft,  as  the  only 
ftandard  of  judgment.  But  if  true  courage 
and  conduA,  inviolable  fidelity  and  gene- 
rous friendfliip,  be  ftill  charadiers  of  any  fi- 
gurc^  thefe  memoirs  may  have  the  advantage 
of  many,  written  by  more  pompous  writers. 
Thofe  engagements  in  life  which  arc  be- 
tween both  extreams,  produce  diredions 
more  exemplary,  applicable,  and  inilruc- 
tive,  to  the  conduft  of  the  generality. 
That,  worth  is  to  be  refpefted,  wherever  we 
find  it ;  and  a  noble  foul  is  not  the  Ieis>  but 
the  more  fo,  when  it  fhines  by  its  own  lights 
without  any  of  that  borrowed  luftre,  which 
is  fo  often  owing  to  greati^fs  and  fortune^ 

*  In  the  }rear  1670,  and  of  bis  age  92. 

Befides> 


[  xlv  3 

r 

Befides,  'twould  be  a  double  hardfhip,  that| 
not  only  the  author's  fortunes  in  life,  but 
his  memory  after  it,  (hould  fufFer  for  thofe 
difappointments,  which  were  chiefly  owing 
to  his  virtue  and  conftancy,  and  the  fpiteful 
rcfentments  of  an  arbitrary  and  intriguing 
ftatefman  *.  '  To  this  purpofe,  writes  the 
editor  aforefaid  of  thefe  memoirs.  'Tis  vi- 
ifible  that  the  conclufipn  of  them  was  written 
by  fbme  other  hand,  perhaps  an  ecclefiaftick^ 
who  might  revife  the  whole  ;  but  whoever 
did,  'tis  thought  he  was  not  altogether  fo 
corre£t  in  the  chronology,  or  candid  in  fbme 
of  the  characters,  as  might  be  wifhed ;  and 
though  the  whole  has  been  afcribed  to 
pthers  r|-,  it  does  not  fufficiently  appear  from 
undoubted  authorities,  but  the  Sieur  de  Pon^ 
tis  was  the  original  author. 

This  compendious  review  of  thofe  books 
Mr.  Cotton  compofed  or  tranflated,.  which 
have  come  to  my  knowledge^  is  perhaps  co- 
pious enough  in  this  place*  All  that  may 
pe  needful  to  add,  are,  a  fevir  circumftances 
pr  events  reported  to  have  occurred  in  the 
jpourfe  of  his  life ;  which  being  fuftained 
only  on  the  unfteady  wings  of  tradition,  or 
the  memoirs  of  fome  communicative  per- 

*  Card.  RichUiu* 

t  See  Langlet  du  ]^refmy*s  New  Method  ofjludying 
Htftory.  Tranflated  by  Dr.  BJiQh%  Rawltnjonj  Vol.  if. 
%voy   1728.  Pj  257* 

fons^ 


[  xlvi  J 

fim^y  who  have  converfed  with  fereral  aged 
inhabitants  in  his  neighbourhood,  and  have 
not  been  inferted  in  this  fummary  account 
for  want  of  confirmation,  and  dire<^ion  ia 
what  parts  thereof  to  f<|ttle  them,  according 
to  the  regular  order  of  time,  they  are  here 
offered  for  fuch  admiffion,  when  further 
enquiry  and  authority  fhall  afcertain  their 
right  to  the  fame. 

And  firfl:,  we  fhould  be  willing  to  know 
what  foundation  there  is  for  the  report 
that  an  aunt  of  Mr.  CotUn's  was  fo  difoblig- 
ed  at  fome  refleflion  he  had  made  upon 
her,  in  his  burlefque  poems,  or  elfewhere, 
that  it  loft  him  five  hundred  pounds  ^er  ^«- 
num,  which  (he  designed  to  have  bequeathed 
him  in  her  will.  That  there  was  any  thing 
ib  difguftful  in  his  faying  queen  DtWs  ruff 
was  like  Mifs  Kokan/s  of  tbe  Peaky  I  can- 
not apprehend ;  nor  that  any  difagreeable  ap- 
plication was  intended,  in  the  reprefentatioti 
of  that  queen's  hanging  herfelf ;  neither  do 
I  remember^  any  thing  tending  to  fuch  dero- 
gation in  his  defcriptivc  poem  of  the  Peak} 
and  yet,  1  have  heard  fuch  a  report  among 
fome  gentlemen  in  his  neighbourhood,  above 
thirty  years  paft,  and  the  like  from  others 
in  London  fince.  'Tis  faid  alfo,  that  his 
debts,  incumbrances,  andobUgations^broughjt 
him  for  a  while,  under  fome  reft  rain  t,  at 
one  of  the  counters  in  this  cilty ;  and  that 

he 


[  xlvii  ] 

he  inscribed,  over  his  apartment  therein,  a 
diftich,  importing,  that  it  was  a  place  where 
none  could  thrive  -,  a  grave  for  the  living,  and 
a  hell  upon  earth.     If  he  was  any  time  (o 
confined,  and  the  thoughts  of  his  condition 
any  where  exhaled  in  verfe,  it  might  perhaps 
be  in  fome  of  thofd  poems  of  complaint  be- 
fore referred  to ;  and  fome  have  believed  him 
to  be  the  witty  author  of  The  Counter-fcuffie. 
That  poem  was  printed  twenty  years  before 
his  death,  and  appears  in  a  later  edition  to 
have  been  written  by  another  hand  *,  much 
in  the  humour  of  Samuel  Speed's  King*  s-- Bene  A 
Scuffle,  or  forne  among  the  poems  of  cap- 
tain Alexander  Radcliffe  of  Grays- Inn.    And 
whether  he  was  under  any  confinement  be- 
fore, or  after  his  marriage  with  his  feccmd 
lady,  W€  need  not  now  be  kept  in  fufpence 
to  difcufs,  unlefs  1  had  propofed  a  larger 
plan  for  this  little  narrative ;  but  it  is  further, 
reported,  that  this  lady  had  a  jointure  of  fif- 
teen hundred  pounds  a  year,  which  (he  (ba- 
red with  him,  and  out  of  which  the  burden, 
of  fome   engagements   might   poflibly  be 
lightened!  As  for  Mr.  BeresfordCottonj  wha. 
fet  forth  his  father's  tranflation  of  the  me- 
moirs laft  mentioned,  it  is  alfo  faid,  that  he 
had  a  company  of  foot  given  him  in  the 

*  Thi  Counter-fcuffle ;  towhich  is  added,  The  Countef''' 
Rat  J  by  R.  S.  ^toy  1680,  1693,  See  alfo  Dryden^s 
Mifcellanies.  - 

carl 


[  xlvili  ] 

Ctrl  of  Derby  ^  new-raifed  regiment.  In  ting 
William  %  wars  ;  and  that  one  of  Mr.  Cbarks 
Cotton's  daughters  was  married  to  that  emi- 
nent divine  Dr.  G^org^  Stanhope^  dean  of 
Canterbury.  There  is  no  will  of  his  entered 
in  the  prerogative  office  %l  Doff  on  Commons^ 
but  we  lind  he  died  ia- the  parifh  of  Su 
James,  Weftmififierf  and  in  the  year  before 
the  revolution.  A  copy  of  the  adminiftrar 
tipn  a<ft  is  as  follows ;  <^  Adminiftration  of 
his  goods  was  granted  the  i^th  o£  Sep^ 
t ember  1687,  to  Elizabeth  Bludwortb, 
his  principal  creditrix :  the  honourable 
Mary,  countefs  dowager  of  Ardglas,  his 
^'  widow ;  Beresjord  Cotton,  Efq ;  Olive 
**  Cotton,  Catharine  Cotton,  Jane  Cotton^ 
^^  and  Mary  Cotton,  his  naturaj  $uid  lawful 
*'  children,  firft  renouncing." 

More  might  have  been  added  to  this  fu- 
perficial  effay  ;  but  it  may  be  more  eligible 
that  it  (hould  be  afked,  why  (o  fcanty^  than 
why  fuperfluQus  ?  and,  in  a  little  repaft, 
intended  only  for  refre(hment,  it  may  be 
better  that  a  gueft  ftiould  rife  with  an  ap-r 
petite,  than^a  furfeit.     Therefore  I  reft. 


€i 
€€ 
€€ 
€€ 


Sir,  Yoixt's,  &c. 


W,  Q. 


To 


■^Vi! 


To  my  moft  Worthy 
FATHER*  and  FRIEND,  ^ 

Mr.  ISAAQWALTON^ 

The  Elder. 


SIR, 

E I N  G  you  were  pleafed, 
fbme  years  paft,  to  grant 
me  your  free  leave  to  do 
what  I  have  here  at* 
tempted;  and  obferving  you  never 
retrain  any  promife,  when  made  in 

*  The  reader  wiJl  fee  the  reaion  wh/  Cttton  sail* 
tVa^tn  his  father,  in  a  fubfequeot  note. 


A  a 


favour 


I         Tie  Epiflle  Dedicatory* 

favour  even  of  your  meaneft  friendki 
I  accordingly  exped  to  &e  thefe 
following  particular  dire<Stions  foi' 
the  taking  of  a  Trout,  to  wait  upon 
your  better  and  more  general  rules 
for  all  forts  of  angling :  and,  though 
mine  be  neither  fo  perfed,  fo  well 
digefted,  nor  indeed  fo  handfbmely 
coucht,  s&  they  noight  have  been,  in 
{o  long  a  time  as  fince  your  leave  was 
granted,  yet  I  dare  affirm  them  to 
be  generally  true :  and  they  had  ap- 
peared too  in  fomething  a  neater 
drefs,  but  that  I  was  furprized  with 
the  fudden  news  of  a  fudden  new 
.edition  of  your  Complete  Angler ;  £o 
that,  having  but  a  little  more  than, 
ten  days  time  to  turn  me  in,  and  rub 
up  my  memory  \   for,   in  truth,   \ 

have. 


.^t%e  EpiftU  Dedicatory,        \i 

liave  not,    in  all  this    long  time, 
though  I  have  often  thought  dn't, 

ft 

and  almofl  as  dften  relblved  to  go 
prefently  about  it,  I  was  fbrc'id  upon 
the  inftant  to  fcribble  what  I  here 
prefent  you :  which  I  have  alfb  en- 
deavoured to  accommodate  to  your 
own  method.    And,  if  mine  be  clear 
enough  for  the  honeft  brothers  of  the 
aagle  readily  to  underftand,  which  is 
the  only  thing  I  aim  at,  then  1  have 
my  end,  and  fhall  need  to  make  no 
further  apology ;    a  writing  of  this 
kind  not  requiring,  if  I  were  mafter ' 
of  any  fuch  thing,  any  eloquence  to- 
fet  it  off,  or  recommend  it :  fo  that 
if  you,  in  your  better  judgment,  or 
kindnefs  rather,  can  allow  it  paflable, 
for  a  thing  of  this  nature,  you  will 

A  a  2  then 


lii       The  Epiftle  Dedicatory, 

then  do  me  honour'  if  the  cypher, 
fixed  and  carved  in  the  front  <^  my 
little  fifhing-houfe,  may  be  here  ex- 
plained :  and  to  permit  me  to  attend 
you  in  publick,  who,  in  private,  have 
ever  been,  am,  and  ever  refolve  to 
be. 


Sir, 


Tour  mofi  affeB'tonate  Son^ 
0(  March  1 675  6,  -^"^  nervam^ 


Gharlesf  Cotton. 


TO 


T  O 


My  moil  Honoured  Friend^ 

Charles  Cotton,  Efq\ 


SIR, 

OJJ  new  fie  I  have  returned  you 
your  very  pleafant  and  ufeful  dif- 
courfe  of  The  Art  of  Fly-fiftiing, 
printed  juji  as  it  was  fent  me; 
Jor  I  Aave  heenfo  obedient  to  your  defires,  as 
to  endure  all  thepraifes  you  ba^e  ventured  ttf 
Jix  upon  me  in  it.  And%  npben  I  have  thanked 
you  for  tbepty  as  the  effe&s  of  an  undiffembled 
love ;  tbien^  let  me  tell  you^  Sir,  that  I  wilt 
really  endeavour  to  live  up  to  the  cbaraBer 
ycu  have  given  of  me,  if  ther^  were  no  other 
reafont  yet  for  4  his  alone,  that  yofs,  that  love 
rnefo  well,  and  always  think  what  youfpeak^ 
may  not,  for  my  fake,  fuffer  by  a  mijlake  in 
your  judgment . 

And,  Sir,  I  have  ventured  to  fill  apart  of 
your  margin,  by  way  of  parapbraje,  for  the  - 

A  a  3  reader  $ 


[  liv  ] 

reader^ s  clearer  unierftanding  the  Jituatton^ 
both  ofyourjijbing'boufef  and  the  plea/ant'- 
nefs  of  that  you  dwell  in.  And  I  have  ven^ 
turea  alfo  to  give  biftfa  copy  ofverfes  t bat  you 
were  pleafed  to  fend  me,  nowfome  years  paji^ 
in  which  be  may  fee  a  good  picture  of  both ; 
and  fo  much  of  your  own  mind  toOj  as  wilt 
make  any  reader f  that  is  bleji  with  a  generous 
foul,  to  love  you  the  better.  Iconfefs^  that  for  ' 
doing  this  you  may  juftly  judge  me  too  bold*,  if 
you  do,  I  will  fay  fo  too ;  and  fo  far  commute  for 
my  offence^  tbat^  though  I  be  more  than  a  bun^ 
dred  miles  from  you^  and  in  the  eighty-third 
year  of  my  age,  yet  I  will  forget  both,  an4 
next  month  begin  a  pilgrimage  to  beg  your  par- 
don ;  for  I  would  die  in  your  favour^  and  tilf 
then  will  live^ 

London f  c  «  n 

April  19,  1676.  ^J*» 

Your  moft  afFe£kionate 
Father  and  Friend. 


Isaac  Walton^ 


THE 


*  >        -' 


(lo 


TH» 


RETIREMENT. 


Ill  n 


STANZES  IRREGULIERS^ 


T  O 


Mr.    ISAAC    WALTON,^ 


I. 

[JreweU  tbou  bufy  worlds  and  pay 
We  never  meet  again : 
Herelcaneaty  and  JUef^  and  fray ^ 
And  do  more  good  in  one  Jhort  day^ 
Than  be  who  bis  whole  age  oui-wears  ^ 
Upou  the  moft  confpicuous  theatres^ 
Where  nought  but  vanity  and  vice  appears. 

Ccod  Cod  !  bow  fiveet  are  all  things  hen  f 
How  beautiful  fbe  fields  appear  ! 
How  cleanly  do  we  feed  and  lie  f  ' 

Lord !  what  good  hours  do  we  keep  f 

How  quietly  we  fieep  I 
Whai  peace  !  what  unanimity  / 
How  innocent  from  the  lewd  faJbio9 
Js  till  cur  bufinefs^  all  our  recreation  / 

^  ^        A  a  4  «!• 


[Ivi] 

III. 

Oi,  bow  bapfy  ber^s  our  leifur$  f 
Ob^  bow  innocent  our  phafure ! 
Ob  J  ye  valliesy  Ob^  ye  mountains  ! 
Ob^  ye  grovfs^  and  cbryjld  fountains  i 

How  I  love  at  liber ty.. 
By  turns  to  come  and  v\fi(  ye ! 

IV. 
Dear  foUtude^  the  fciiVs  left  friends 
Tbat  man  acquainted  with  himfelf  deft  make  5 
And,  all  bis  Maker* s  wonder  to  intend^ 
With  tbee  I  here  converfe  at  willy 
And  would  be  glad  to  do  fo  ftill^ 
For  it  is  tbou  alone  that  keep" ft  the  foul  awak^. 

V. 
How  calm  and  quiet  a  delight 

Is  it  J  alone^ 
To  reads  and  meditate,^  and  write^ 
By  none  offended^  and  offending  none ! 
To  walk^  ride  J  fit^  or  Jleep  at  one's  own  eafe  I 
Andf  jdeqfing  a  man*s  fe^^  none  other  to  dijpleafiu 

VI. 

Ob  my  beloved  nympb^  fair  Dove  I 
Princefs  of  rivers !  bow  I  love 

Upon  thy  ^flow^ry  banks  to  licj 
And  view  thy  Jiher  Jlreamy 
When  gilded  by  a  fummer^s  beani! 

And  in  it  all  tby  wanton  fry^ 
Playing  at  liberty 
And  with  my  angle  upon  tbem^ 
The  all  (^  treachery 

J  ever  learnt ^  indufiriot^  to  try. 


yii. 


f  IvU  ] 

vji; 

Such  JireamSj  Rome* s  yellow  Tyber  cannot  Jbow^ 
Tie  Iberian  Tagus,  or  Ligurian  Po ; 
The  Maefe,  the  Danube,  and  the  Rhine, 
Jre  puddle -water  all  compared  with  thine : 
And  Loirc'j  pure  ftreams  yet  too  polluted  are 
With  thine  much  purer  to  compare : 
The  rapid  Garonne,  and  the  winding  Seine, 
Are  both  too  meaH^ 
Beloved  Dove,  with  thee 
'  To  vie  priority : 
JViiy,  Tame  and  Ifis,  when  conjoin^d^  fubmit^ 
And  lay  their  trophies  at  thy  Jilver  feet. 

VHI. 
Oh  my  beloved  rocks^  that  rife 
To  awe  the  earth  and  brave  the  Jkies : 
From  fome  afpiring  mountain's  crown^ 

How  dearly  do  1  lovCj 
Giddy  with  pkafure  to  look  down : 
And  from  the  vales  to  view  the  heights  above  / 
Oh  my  beloved  caves  I  from  dog-ft^s  heat^ 
And  all  anxieties^  my  fafe  retreat : 
fFhat  fafetyj  privdcy^  what  true  delight^ 

In  the  artificial  nighty 

Tour  gloomy  entrails  makcy 
Have  f  taken  J  do  I  take ! 
How  oft  when  grief  has  made  me  fly 
To  hide  me  from  fpcieiy^ 
Ev'n  of  my  dear  eft  friends  y  have  1 

In  your  receffes  friendly  fbade^ 

All  my  forrows  open  laidy 
A^d  my  moft  fecrti  woes  intn^ed  to  ^our  privacy  I 


[  Iviil  ] 

IX. 
iMrd  !  would  men  let  me  alone^ 
fVhaP.  an  over -happy  one 

Should  I  think  myfelf  to  he^ 
Might  lin  this  defer t  place ^ 
fyhicb  moft  men  in  difcourje  difgractf 

Live  but  undifturVd  and  free  I 
Here  in  this  deffis'd  recefs^ 

Would  U  maugre  winter^ s  cold^ 
And  the  fummer^s  worft  ex€efsy 
^ry  to  live  out  to  fixty  full  years  old! 
And  all  the  whili^ 

fVifbout  an  envious  eye^ 

On  any  thriving  under  fortune s  fmile^ 
Contented  live^  and  then  contented  die. 


CC. 


THE 


THE 

COMPLETE   ANGLER: 

OR,    THE 

Contemplative  Man's  Recreation. 
PART    II.  * 


CHAP.    I. 
PiSCATOR  Junior,   and  Viator, 

PlSCATO  R. 

^OU   are  happily  overtaken,^  Sirt 

K  may  a  man  be  fo  bold  as  to  enquire 

%  how  far  you  travel  this  way  ? 

P       Fiaier.  Yes  fure.  Sir,  very  freely ; 

though  it  be  a  qucftion  I  cannot  very 

well  refolve  you,  as  not  knowing  myfelf  how 

far  it  is  £0  Jfibem^  where  1  intend  tp-night  to 

take  up  my  inn. 

Pi/cat. 

•  The  reader  will  find  this  Second  Pan  written  in  a  more 
^rrcft  fiilc  di«p  ihat'of  ffmhemi   which,  tiioughi[h« 


ii  The  Complete  AtJOhtu'.    Part  If. 

PifcaL  Why  then.  Sir,  feeing  Fpcrceive  you 
to  be  a  ftranger  in  thefe  pares,  I  fhall  take  upon 
me  to  inform  .you,  that  from  the  town  you  lafl: 
came  through, .  called  Brebford  *,  it  is  five 
mile;s  -,  and  you .  are  not  yt%  abpve  half  a  mile 
on  this  fide. 

Viat.  So  much!  I  was  told  it  was  but  ten 
miles  from  Derby  \  and  methinks  I  have  rode 
:;hnoft  ib  far  already. 

•  pjftr.t,  0>  Sir,  find  no  fault  with  large  mea- 
fure  01  good  iand,  vvlucii  Derbyjhire  abounds  in, 
as  much  as  mod  counties  of  England. 

Viat.  It  may  be  fo ;  and  good  land^  I  coafefs, 
affords  a  plcalant  profptd :  but  by  your  good 
leaye.  Sir,  large  meafurc  of  foul  way  is  noc  al- 
togtfcher  fo  acceptable. 

Pifcat..  True,  Sir,  but  the  foul  way  ferves  to 
juftity  the  fertility  of  the  foil,  according  to  the 
proverb,  "  There  is  good  land  where  there  is 
*'  foul  way  ;"  and  is  of  good  ufe  to  inform  you 
of  the  riches  of  the  country  you  are  come  into, 
and  of  its  continual  travel  and  traffick  to  the 
country-town  you  came  from ;  which  is  alfo  very 
obfervable  by  the  fulnefs  of  its  road,  and  the 
loaden  borfes  you  meet  t^tty  where  upon  the 
way. 

Viat.  Well,  Sir,  I  will  be  content  to  think  as 
well  of  your  country  as  you  woMld  <iefire ;  and  I 
fliall  have  a  great  deal  of  reaibn  both  to  think  and 

its  beauties,  it  tnuft  be  confefled^  is  frequently  loofe,  an^"^ 
fomectBies  ungrammaucal.  An  actempt  to  correft  it  woulj 
•have  led  the  editor,  by  infenfible  degrees,  to  forget  that  hit 
aathor  was  a  plain,  artlefs,  unafFe£ted  writer,  and  to  have 
ijupofed  upon  his  readers  that  for  fFditon\  which  he  would 
not  have  known  were  he  living  to  rejid  it^ 
\   •  Biaies/lrd.     S/elmanU  FiUare. 

to 


Chap.  I.    *rhe  Complete  Angler.  ^ 

tOi  fpeak  very  well  of  you,  if  1  may  obtain  the 
happincfs  of  your  company  to  the  fore-mentioned 
place,  provided  your  affairs  lead  you  that  way, 
and  that  they  will  permit  you  to  flack  your  pace, 
out  of  complacency  to  a  traveller  utterly  a  ftran- 
^er  in  thefe  parts,  and  who  am  Hill  to  wander 
further  out  of  my  own  knowledge. 

Pifcat.  Sir,  you  Invite  me  to  my  own  advan- 
tage, and  I  arti  ready  to  attend  you,  my  way 
lying  through  that  town;  but  my  bufmefs,  that 
is,  my  home,  fome  miles  beyond  it :  however,  I 
iball  have  time  enough  to  lodge  you  in  your 
quarters,  and  afterwards  to  perform  my  own 
journey.  In  the  mean  time,  may  I  be  fo  bold 
as  to  enquire  the  end  of  your  journey  ? 

ViaL  'Tis  into  Lancajhire^  Sir,  and  about 
(bme  bulinefs  of  concern  to  a  near  relation  of 
mine  :  for  I  aiTure  you,  I  do  not  ufe  to  take  fa 
long  journies  as  from  Jtffex^  upon  the  Angle  ac« 
count  of  plcafure. 

Fifcat.  From  th^ince.  Sir !  I  do  not  then  won- 
der you  fliould  appear  diflatisfied  with  the  length 
of  the  miles,  and  the  foulnefs  of  the  way :  though 
I  am  forry  you  fbould  begin  to  quarrel  with  them 
fo  foon  ;  for  believe  me.  Sir,  you  will  find  the 
miles  much  longer,  and  the  way  much  worfe, 
before  you  come  to  your  journey's  end. 

Vial.  Why  truly.  Sir,  for  that  I  am  prepared 
to  expert  the  worft  •,  but  methinks  the  way  is 
mended,  fince  1  had  the  good  fortune  to  fall  into 
your  good  company. 

Pifcat.  You  are  not  obliged  to  my  company 
for  rf\at  5  but  bccaufc  you  are  already  paft  the 
worft:,  and  the  greateft  part  of  your  way  to  youi: 
lodging. 

Viat. 


4  Th  CoMi^LETB  AngIer.     Part  If. 

Fiat.  I  am  veiy  glad  to  hear  it,  both  for  the 
cafe  of  myfclf  and  my  horfc ;  but  cfpecially 
becaufe  I  may  then  expefb  a  freet  enjoyment  of 
your  converfation ;  though  the  fhortnefs  of  the 
way  wUI,  I  fear,  make  me  lofe  it  the  foonen 

Pi/caL  That,  Sir,  is  not  worth  your  care;  and 
I  am  fure  you  deferve  much  better,  for  being 
content  with  fo  ill  company :  but  we  have  al- 
ready talked  away  two  miles  of  your  journey; 
'for,  from  the  brook  before  us,  that  runs  at  the 
foot  of  this  fandy  hill,  you  have  but  three  miles 
to  AJbbcrn. 

Viat.  I  meet  every  where  in  this  country  with 
thefe  little  brooks,  and  they  look  as  if  they  were 
full  of  fifli ;  have  they  not  Trouts  in  them  ? 

Pifcat.  That  is  a  queftion  which  is  to  be  ex« 
cufed  in  a  ftrangcr,  as  you  are ;  otherwife,  give 
me  leave  to  tell  you,  it  would  feem  a  kind  of 
affront  to  our  country,  to  make  a  doubt  of  what 
we  pretend  to  be  famous  for,  next,  if  not  before, 
our  malt,  wool,  lead>  and  coal ;  for  you  are  to 
under(Vand,  that  we  think  we  have  as  many  fine 
rivers,  rivulets  and  brooks,  as  any  country  what- 
ever ;  and  they  are  all  full  of  Trouts,  and  fomc 
of  them  the  bcft,  it  is  faid,  by  many  degrees, 
in  England. 

Viat.  I  was  firft.  Sir,  in  love  with  you ;  and 
now  (hall  be  fo  enamoured  of  your  country,  by 
this  account  you  give  me  of  it,  as  to  wifli  myfclf 
a  Derbyjhire  man,  or  at  leaft  that  I  might  live  in 
it :  for  you  muft  know  I  am  a  pretender  to  the 
angle,  and,  doubtlefs,  a  Trout  aSbrds  the  moft 
plcafure  to  the  angler  of  any  fort  of  fiffi  what- 
ever j  and  the  beft  Trouts  muft  needs  make 
the  bcft  fport:  but  this  brook,  and  fome  others 

I 


Chap.  I.    the  Complete  Angle*;        .  .^ 

I  have  met  with  upon  this  way,  arc  too  full  of 
wood  for  that  recreation. 
"  Pifcat.  This,  Sir !  why  this,  and  feveral  others 
like  it,  which  you  have  paft,  and  fome  that  you 
are  like  to  pafs,  have  fcarce  any  name  amongft 
us :  but  we  can  (hew  you  as  fine  rivers,  and  as 
clear  from  wood,  or  any  other  incumbrance  to 
hinder  an  angler,  as  any  you  ever  faw  j  and  for. 
clear  beautiful  ftreams,  Hantjbire  itfelf,  by  Mr* 
Jfaac  Walton^  good  ^cave,  can  ihew  none  fuch  § 
nor  I  think  any  country  in  Europe. 

Viat.  You  go  far.  Sir,  in  the  praifeofyour 
country  rivers,  and  I  perceive  have  read  Mr. 
Walton*^  CompleU  Angler^  by  your  naming  of 
'Hantjhire  \  and  I  pray  what  is  your  opinion  of 
that  book  ? 

Pifcat,  My  opinion  of  Mr.  Walton^  book  is 
the  fame  with  every  man's  that  underftands  any 
thing  of  the  art  of  angling,  that  it  is  an  excel- 
lent  good  one,  and  that  the  fore- mentioned  gen- 
tleman underftands  as  much  of  fifli,  and  fifhing^ 
as  any  man  living :  but  I  muft  tell  you  further,.^ 
that  I  have  the  happirief?  to  know  his  pcrfon, 
and  to  be  intimately  acquainted  with  him,  an4 
in  him  to  know  the  worthieft  man,  and  to  enjoy 
the  bcft,  and  the  trueft  friend  any  man  ever 
had  :  nay,  I  fhall  yet  acquaint  you  further,  that 
he  gives  me  leave  to  caH  him  father,  and  I  hope 
is  not  yet  alhatned  to  own  me  for  his  adopted 
ion  *c 

Viat. 

•  It  was  a  conftant  pra£lice  with  thofe  who  had  made  dif- 
coverics  in  chemiilry  and  judicial  aftrology,  to  adopt  far 
vourite  pcrfons  for  their  fans,  to  whom  they  imparted  their 
fecrets*     AJhmoU^  in  his  Diary,  p.  25.  fays>  "  Mr.  Back^ 

**  bQufe^ 


€  '        The  Complete  Angler.    I^art  It. 

Fiat.  In  earneft.  Sir,  I  am  raviflied  to  meet 
with  a  friend  of  Mr.  Ifaac  fFaltan\  and  one 
that  does  him  fo  much  right  in  fo  good  and  true 
a  charader ;  for  I  muft  boaft  to  you,  that  I  have 
the  good  fortune  to  know  him  toOj  and  came  ac- 
quainted with  him  much  after  the  fame  tiiannerl 
do  with  you ;  that  he  was  my  mafter  who  firft 
caught  me  to  love  angling,  and  then  to  become 
an  angler  •,  and  to  be  plain  with  you,  I  am  the 
very  man  deciphered  in  his  book  under  the  name 
of  Venator ;  for  I  was  wholly  addided  to  the 
chace,  till  he  taught  me  as  good,  a  more  quiet^ 
innocent,  and  lefs  dangerous  diverfion. 

Pifcat.  Sir,  I  think  myfelf  happy  in  your  ac- 
quaintance, and  before  we  part  ihall  entreat  leave 
to  embrace  you  ;  you  have  faid  enough  to  re- 
commend you  to  my  beft  opinion :  for  my  father 
WaUon  will  be  feen  twice  fn  no  man's  company 
he  does  not  like,  and  likes  none  but  fuch  as  he 
believes  to  be  very  honeft  men  5  which  is  one  of 
the  beft  arguments,  or  at  leaft  of  the  beft  tefti- 
monies  I  have,  that  I  either  am,  or  that  he 
thinks  me,  one  of  thofe,  feeing  I  have  not  yet 
found  him  weary  of  me. 

Viat.  You  fpeak  like  a  true  friend,  and  in 
doing  fo  render  yourfclf  worthy  of  his  friend- 

"  houfe  told  me,  I  mod  nov^  needs  be  his  fon»  becaa(^  he 
'*  had  commanicated  fo  mtny  fecrets  to  me."  And,  a  licde 
after,  p.  if.  *'  My  father  B^ukboufi^  lying  fick  in  FUtt* 
Jireet^  told  me,  in  lyllables,  the  trae  matter  of  the  philo- 
*'  fopher's  flone,  which  he  bequeathed  to  me  as  a  leeacy.'' 
And,  in  imitation  of  this  pradice,  Ben  ^•hnfmi  had  fede- 
ral adopted  fons,  to  the  number  of  twelve  or  fourteen  ; 
among  whom  were,  Carfunrightl  Ranidph^  zxA  AUxandir 
Brom* ;  and  it  (hoald  feem  by  the  iext»  that  Waltttt  ioU 
lowed  it,  by  adopting  Cotton  Jor  his  fon. 

6  ^  ihip. 


€haj>.  I.    Tie  Completi  AngleRi  7 

ibip.      May  I   be   fo  bold    as  to  a(k    your, 
name  ?  > 

Pi/cat.  Yes  furdy.  Sir,  and  if  you  pleafc,  a 

much  nicer  qucftion,  my  name  is and  I  intend 

to  day  long  enough  in  your  company^  if  I  find 
you  do  not  diflike  mine,  to  afk  your's  too.    I  n  the 
mean  time,  brcaufe  we  are  now  almoft  dxJJhbarn^ 
I  ihall  freely  and  bluntly  tell  you,  that  I  am  a 
brother  of  the  angle  too,  and,  peradventure,  can 
give  you  fome  inftrudions  how  to  angle  for  a 
Trout  in  a  clear  river,  tliat  my  hihtrff^allon  him- 
felf  will  not  difapprove,  though  he  did  either 
purpofcly  omit,  or  did  not  remember  them,  when 
you  and  he  fat  difcourdng  under  the  fycamore- 
tree  *.     And  being  you  have  already  told  me 
whither  your  journey  is  intended,  and  that  I  am 
better  acquainted  with  the  country  than  you  are, 
I  will  heartily  and  earneftly  entreat,  you  will  not 
think  of  ftaying  at  this  town  ^  but  go  on  with  me 
fix  miles  further,  to  my  houfe,  where  you  (hall, 
be  extreamly  welcome ;  it  is  dire&ly  in  your  way; 
we  have  day  enough  to  perform  our  journey,  and 
a^  you  like  your  entertainment,  you  may  thercL 
repofe  yourfdf  a  day  or  two,  or  as  many  more  as 
your  occafions  will  permit,  to  recompenfc  the 
trouble  of  fo  much  a  longer  journey, 
,  Fiat.  Sir,  you  furprife  me  with  fo  friendly  an 
invitation  upon  fo  fhort  acquaintance :  but  how  ^ 
advantageous  fgever  it  would  be  to  me,  and  that 
thy  hafte^  perhaps,  is  not  fo  great,  but  it  might 
difpcnfe  with  fuch  a  divertifement  as  I  promife 
myfelf  in  your  company ;  yet  I  cannot,  in  mo- 
defty,  accept  your  offer,  and  muft  therefore  beg 
your  pardon  t  I  could  otherwifcy  I  confcf%  be 

*  See  Part  t  Page  105. 

B  b  gla4 


f         The  CoMPLfiTS  AwaLEK,    Partis, 

gtad  to  wait  upon  you,  if  upon  no  other  ac^ 
count  but  CO  talk  of  Mr.  Ifaae  fFaUen^  and  to^ 
rcccire  tliofe  in(Jruftions  you  fay  you  arc  abJc  ta 
give  me  for  the  deceiring  a  Trout ;  in  which  art 
1  will  not  deny,  but  thut  I  have  an  ambition  ta 
be  one  of  the  greateft  deceirers  ;  though  I  can^ 
net  forbear  freely  to  tell  you,  that  I  think  it  hardf 
to  fay  much  more  than  has  been  read  to  oie 
upon  that  fubjcdi. 

Pifcai.  Well,  Sir,  I  grant  that  too ;  but  yoi> 
mufft  know  that  the  vartety  of  rivers  require  dif- 
ferent ways  of  angling :  however,  you  ihall: 
have  the  beft  rules  I  am  able  to  give,  and  I  will 
tethyoM  nothing  I  have  not  made  myfdf  as  certaia 
of,  as  any  rnan  can  be  in  thirty  yeairs  experiehce^ 
tor  fo  k>ng  I  have  been  a  dabbler  in  that  art ;  and 
that  if  yoi»  pleafe  to  ftay  a  few  days,  you  &all 
in  a  very  grtac  meafure  fee  made  good  to  you. 
But  of  that  hereafter ;  and  now.  Sir,  if  I  am  not 
miilaken,  I  have  half  overcome  you  ^  and  that  I 
idav  wholly  comjuer  that  modefty  of  your*s,  I 
will  take  upon  me  to  be  fo  familiar  as  to  fay,  yot9 
mud  accept  my  invitation  ;  which,  that  you  may 
the  more  eafily  be  perfuaded  to  do,  I  will  tell  you 
that  my  houfe  ftands  upo&  the  mai^n  of  one  of 
the  fined  rivers  for  Trouts  and  Grayling  in  Eng* 
hnd^  that  I  have  lately  built  a  little  fi(hing-houre 
upon  it,  dedicated  to  anglers,  over  the  door  of 
,   which  you  will  fee  the  two  fifft  letters  of  my  fa- 
m  J      L     ^^^^  ff^aUoH^s  name  and  mine  twifted 

T^uZfi!  '»  ^yp'^^''  *  i  ^^^^^  y^«  ^^"  ^^e  ^"  ^he 

*  fame  bed  he  has  fometimes  been  con- 
tented with,  and  have  fuch  country  emertain- 
nienl?  as^  my  ffiends  fometimes  accept ;  and  be  as 
welcome  too  as  the  beft  friend  of  them  alL 

6  FiaL 


thzp.L      The  CoMrLBTJK  Akglbh.       -  9 

Fiat.  No  doubr.  Sir,  but  n)y  mafter  Walt$H 
found  good  reafoo  to  b^  fatisficd  with  his  enter- 
tainment in  your  houfe ;  for  ^  you  who  are  fo 
friendly  to  a  mere  ftranger,  ^ho  deferves  fo  little^ 
mixft  needs  be  exceeding  kind  and  free  to  him 
who  deferves  fo  vcmch^ 

Pifcat.  Believe  me,  no ;  and  fuch  as  are  inti* 
mately  acquainted  with  that  gentleman,  knov^ 
hkn  to  be  k  roan,  f/hp  wiU  not  eodure  to  be  tr^^t- 
ed  like  a  ftranger.  So  that  his  acceptation  of  my 
poor  enbertainmeots,  has  ever  been  a  pure  effe^ 
6f  iib  owA  humUity  and  good-nature^  m^  nothing 
cUib.  But,  Sir,  we  are  now  going  down  the  SpUih* 
bill  into  the  town  ;  and  therefore  let  me  import 
tune  you  fuddenly  to  reiblv.et  and  moft  earneftly 
jDot  to  deny  me. 

Viat,  In  truth.  Sir,  I  am  fo  overcome  by  yo\it 
bounty,  that  I  ^i^  I  cannot,  but  muft  render  n[iy- 
ielf  wholly  to  be  dilpofed  by  you. 

Pifcat.  Why  that's  heartily  and  kindly  fpoken, 
and  1  as  heartily  thank  you  %  and  being  you  have 
abandoned  yourfelf  to  my  condu^:,  we  wiU  only 
call  and  drink  a  glafs  on  horfeback  at  the  Tal^t^ 
and  away. 

Fiat.  1  attend  you  •,  but  what  .pretty  river  is 
this,  that  runs  under  this  (tone  bridge  ?  has  it 
a  name  ? 

Pi/cat.  Yes,  *tis  called  Henmore^  and  has  in  it 
both  Trout  and  Grayling  ^  but  you  will  meet 
with  one  or  two  better  anon.  And  fo  foon  as  we 
are  patl  through  the  town,  I  will  endeavour,  by 
fuch  difeourfe  as  beft  likes  you,  to  pals  away  the 
time  till  you  come  to  your  ill  quarters. 

Fiat.  We  can  talk  of  nothing  with  which  I  (hall 
be  more  delighted  thftn  of  rivers  and  angling. 

B  b  2  Pifcat 


lo         7'i&^  Complete  Akgl^r.    Fart  II 

Pifcat.  Let  thofc  be  the  fubgefts  then ;  but  we 
are  now  come  to  the  Taliof-^  What  will  you 
drink.  Sir,  ak  ^r  wine  ? 

Fiaf.  Nay,  I  am  for  tbccountiy  liquor,  Derhy- 
Jhire  ale,  if  you  pleafe ;  for  a  man  fbould  not, 
mechinks,  come  from  London  to  drtnk  wine  in 
the  P^ak.  " 

Pifcat.  You  are  in  the  right ;  and  yet  let  me  teU 
you,  you  may  drink  worfc  French  wine  in  many 
taverns  in  London^  than  they  have  fometimes  at 
this  houfe.  What  hoe  \  bring  us  a  flaggon  of  your 
beft  ale  -,  and  now,  Sir»  my  fervice  to  you,  a  good 
health  to  the  honeft  gentleman  you  know  of, 
and  you  are  welcome  into  the  Peak, 

Viat^  I  thank  you,  Sir,  and  prefent  you  my 
fervice  again,  and  to  all  the  honeft  brothers  of 
the  angle. 

Pifcat.  V\\  pledge  you,  Sir :  fo,  tbere^s  for  your 
ale,  and  farewel.  Come,  Sir,  let  us  be  going,  for 
the  fun  grows  low,  and  I  would  have  you  look 
about  you  as  you  ride ;  for  you  will  fee  an  odd 
country,  and  nght$  that  will  feem  ftrange  to 
you. 


*  ■  « 


CHAP.     If. 

PlSCATOR, 

SO,  Sir,  now  we  have  got  to  the  top  of  the 
bill  out  of  town^  look  about  you,  and  telt 
mc  how  you  like  the  country.  . 
.  'Viat,  Blcfs  me,  what  mountains  are  here  \ 
arc  \vc  not  in  Wales  ? 

Pifcat. 


Chap.ll.    TheCoUPL^TE  ANCLEit.  ii 

Ti/caL  No,  but  in  almoft^as  mountainous  a 
country;  jand  yet  thefe  hills,  chougli  high,  bleak, 
and  craggy,  breed  and  feed  good  beef  and  mut- 
ton, above  ground,  and  afford  good  (lore  of 
lead  ivitbin. 

Fsai.  They  had  need  of  all  thofe  commodities 
CO  make  amends  for  iht  ill  landfkip:  but  I 
Jiope  our  way  does  not  lie  over  any  of  ^tlsefe,  for 
i  dread  a  puecipice. 

Pi/cat.  Believe  me,  but  it  does,  and  down  o^ 
cfpecially,  that  will  appear  a  little  terrible  to  a 
ftranger:  though  the  way  is  paffabie .  enough, 
and  lb  paflable,  that  we  who  are  natives  of  thefe 
mountains,  and  acquainted  with  tliem,  dafdaia 
€0  alight. 

ViaS.  I  hope  though,  that  a  foreigner  is  pri- 
vileged, to  ufe  his  own  difcretion,  and  that  I 
may  have  the  liberty  to  entruft  my  neck  to  the 
fidelity  of  my  own  feet,  rather  than  to  thofe  of  my 
horfe,  for  I  have  no  more  at  home. 

Pi/cat.  'Twerc  hard  elfe.  But  in  tl*e  oieao 
time,  I  think  'twere  beft,  while  this  way  is  pretty 
even,  to  mend  our  pace,  that  we  may  be  pafl: 
that  hill  J  fpeak  of;  to  the  end  your  apprehen- 
fioQ  may  not  be  doubled,  for  want  of  light  to 
difcern  thetafinefs  of  the  defcenc. 

Vial.  I  am  willing  to  put  forward  as  faft  as  my 
bead  wiU  give  me  leave,  though  I  fear  nothing 
in  your  company.  But  what  pretty  river  is  thi|S 
we  are  going  into  ? 

Pifcaf.  Why  this.  Sir,  is  called  Bentlybrcok^ 
and  is  full  of  very  good  Trout  andO  ray  ling;  buc 
fo  encumbered  with  wood  in  many  places,  as  is 
xroublefomc  to  an  angler. 

B  b  3  ^  Viat. 


It         fbe  CouvLtrt  Ant'LtVi.    Psrtll. 

Viat.  Here  trt  the  prettieft  rhrers,  and  the 
moft  of  chem  in  this  country  that  ever  I  ikw*; 
do  you  know  how  many  you  have  in  the  coun- 
try? 

Pifcal,  Iknow  them  all,  and  they  were  not  hard 
to  reckon,  were  it  worth  the  trouUe,  but  the 
tnoft  confiderable  of  them  I  will  prefentiy  nacne 
you.  And  to  begin  where  we  now  are,  for  you 
muft  know  we  are  now  upon  the  very  &irts  of 
Derbyjhirt ;  we  have  firft  the  river  D9ve^  that  we 
(hall  cotne  to  by  and  by,  which  divides  the  two 
counties  of  Derby^  and  Steffm'd  for  many  miles 
together ;  and  is  fo  called  from  the  fwiftnefs  of  m 
current,  and  that  fwiftnefs  occafioned  by  the  de- 
clivity of  its  courfe,  and  by  being  fo  (trained  in 
that  courfe  betwixt  the  rocks ;  by  which,  and 
thofe  very  high  ones,  tt  is  hereabout,  for  four  or 
five  miles,  confined  in  a  very  narrow  flream. 
A  river  that  from  a  contemptible  fountain,  whkh 
I  can  cover  with  my  hac,  by  the  ctofltftenee  «(f 
other  rivers,  rivulets,  brooks,  and  rills,  isiwell- 
ed,  before  it  falls  into  9>m/^  a  littk  beldw  j^ 
fington^  where  it  lofes  the  name,  to  fueh  a  bread^ 
and  depth,  as  to  be  in  moft  places  navigable, 
were  not  the  paflages  frequently  interrupted  wMi 
fords  and  wears,  and  has  as  fertile  banks  as  any 
river  in  England^  none  exc€fpted.  And  thia  rilrer, 
from  its  head,  for  a  mile  or  two,  is  a  bhidc  wmer, 
as  all  the  reft  of  the  Derhyfiire  rivers  of  note  ^i> 
ginally  are,  for  they  all  fpring  from  the  mofles; 
but  is  in  a  few  miles  travel,  fo  clarified  by  the 
addition  of  feveral  clear  and  very  great  fprings, 
bigger  than  itfelf,  which  gofli  out  of  the  Hnx^* 
ftone  rocks,  that  before  it  %omes  to  my  hotife^ 
which  is  but  fix  or  fcvcn  miles  from  its  fource, 

you 


CliUp-  n.     The  C0MP2.ETE  Anclir.       .1^ 

yop  iwiU  find  it  one  of  the  purefib  cryftalioe 
Areams  you  have  feen. 

^itf/.  Docs  Treni  fpring  in  thefc  parts  ? 

PjScQt.  Yi»»  ia  thele  parts  i  not  in  this  coant)!:^ 

but.iocnewHere  towards  chie  upper  end  of  Stafford 

^ircy  I  think  iiot  far  from  a  place  qdled  Tremb^m^ 

iffid  theoci:  runs  down  joot  far  {vom  ^afford  tp 

JFol/fyrhidgif  and  waAiog  th^  fkirxs  and  purliiei)s 

X)f  the  forelt  of  N^s^^/prnd^  f^ns  down  to  Burton  \xx 

.the  faoie  county^  th^ce^;qoi9ac3  \ntQ  this  whense 

.we  no^  are,  and  xjunnkig  by  SwarkfioM  and  ^i^ij^- 

mngUn^  receives  D&rwent  9XjVildon,  and  fo  to 

NeUingbam^  lYi^iya^  tp  Newark^  and  hy  dfinj^p- 

rwgk  to  l^ngjtou  upon  MhU^  where  it  takes  th^ 

name  of  Humber^  and  theoce  falls  into  the  fea; 

<|>ut  that  the  map  will  beft  inform  you. 

Vi4t*  KnQw  you  wb^nce  this  xiver  Trpnt  da- 
tives its  name  ? 

Pifiatn  No,  indeed  %  and  y^t  I  liave  lieard  \t 
.  ^ten  difpourVd  upon^  wbc^n  fon>e  have  given  i|ts 
idenomip^tioQ  fro^  the  fore-named  Trentbama 
f hough  that  ifems  rather  a  dienvative  £rom  it ; 
4>tbers  bavie  faid  k  is  fo  called  from  thirty  rivqr« 
that  fall  inio  it,  aiid  th^re  lofe  their  natpes^  whicij^ 
caonoc  be  neither,  becaufe  k  parries  tb^t  ^anpe 
.  Irom  its  .v^  ibunta^,  b^oce  any  Qt^e;*  rivers 
/all  into  icr,  others  derive  it  from  thirty  £evera} 
Ibrts  of  fi(h  that  breed  there  %  and  that  is  xhe  mod: 
iikely  derivation :  but  be  it  how  it  will,  it  is  doubt* 
jefe  one  of  the  fineft  rivers  in  the  world,  and 
<he  Qioft  abounding  with  excellent  Salmon,  and 
aU  forts  of  delicate  fi(h. 

yiat.  Pardon  me,  Sir,  for  tempting  you  into 

is  digreffion,  and  then  proceed  f.o  3ipjL»r  other 

B  b  4  fivers^ 


N 


14  The  Complete  Angler.    ParrlL 

rivers,  for  I  am  mightily  delighted  with  diis 
difcourfe. 

Pi/cat.  It  was  no  interruption,  but  a  very  fea- 
fonable^ueftion  •,  for  Treni  is  not  only  one  of  our 
Derbyjhirc  rivers,  but  the  chief  of  them,  and 
into  wliich  all  the  reft  pay  the  tribute  ci  their 
names  •,  which  1  had,  perhaps,  forgot  to  infift  up- 
on, being  got  to  the  other  end  of  the  county,  had 
you  not  awoke  my  memory.  But  1  will  now 
proceed  j  and  the  next  river  of  note,  for  I  will 
take  them  as  they  lie  eaftward  from  us,  is  the 
river  fVye  -,  I  fay  of  note,  for  we  have  two  Icfler 
betwixt  us  and  it,  namely,  LalbkinsLnd  Bradford-, 
of  which  Latbkin  is,  by  many  degrees,  the  puitft 
and  moft  tranfparent  (Iream  that  I  ever  yet  faw, 
either  at  home  or  abroad ;  and  breeds,  'tis  faid,  the 
reddeft,  and  the  beft  Trouts  in  England  \  but 
neither  of  thefe  are  to  be  reputed  rivers,  being  no 
better  than  great  fprings.  The  river  fVye  then 
has  its  fource  near  unto  Buxton^  a  town  fome  ten 
miles  from  hence,  famous  for  a  warm  bath,  and 
which  you  are  to  ride  through  in  your  way  to 
Mancheft& ;  a  black  water  too  at  the  fountain, 
but  by  the  fame  reafon  with  Dove^  becomes  very 
foon  a  moft  delicate  clear  river,  and  brefcds  ad- 
mirable Trout  and  Grayling,  reputed  by  thofe, 
who,  by  living  upon  its  banks  are  partial  to  it, 
the  beftof  any ;  and  thisfunnirigdown  by  AJhfordr 
BaktwelU  and  Hadden,  at  a  town  a  little  lower, 
called  Rowejleyy  falls  into  Derwenf^znd  there  lofes 
its  name  *.  The  next  in  Order  is  Derwenl,  a  blai:k 

water 

*  By  this  it  appears,  tbat  there  are  two  rivers  in  England 
that  bear  the  name  of  Wyt  \  the  former  ifje^  otcafioRall/ 
•  '         *  men- 


Chap.II.    ^ie  Complete  Angler.        15 

water  too,  and  that  not  only  from  its  fountain, 
but  quite  through  its  progrefs,  not  having  thefc 
cry{^al  fprings  to  waih  and  cleanfe  it  which 
the  two  fore- mentioned  have  j  but  abounds  with 
Trout  and  Grayling,  fuch  as  they  are,  towards 
its  fource,  and  with  Salmon  below  •,  and  this , 
river,  from  the  upper  and  utmoft  part  of  this 
county,  where  it  fprings,  taking  its  courfe  by 
Cbatfwortb^  Darley^  Mathck^  Derby^  Burrow- AJby 
and  Awberfon^  falls  into  Trent  at  a  place  called 
fFiUanj  and  there  lofcs  its  name.  The  eaft  fide 
of  this  county  of  Derly  is  bounded  by  little  in- 
confiderable  rivers,  as  Azvber^  Eroways^  and  the 
like,  fcarce  worth  naming,  but  trouty  too ;  and 
further  >ve  arc  not  to  enquire.  -  But,  Sir,  I  have 
carried  you,  as  a  man  may.  lay,  by  water,  till  we 
are  now  come  to  the  defcent  of  the  formidable 
hiU  I  told  you  of,  at  the  foot  of  which  runs  the 
river  Dw^,  which  I  cannot  but  love  above  all 
the  reft,  and  therefore  prepare  yourfclf  to  be  a 
little  frighted. 

Viat.  Sir,  I  fee  you  would  fortify  me,  that  I 
ihould  not  ihame  myfclf  s    but  1  dare  follow 

mentioned,  p.  143,  149,  153,  and  elfewhere  in  this  work, 

has,  as  well  as  tlie  ^e^ern^  its  head  in  the  Plinilimmon  hills, 

bn  the  borders  of  Montgomery   and  Cardiganjhires ;  from 

whence,    as  its  Latin  name,  Vaga^   imports,   wandering 

through  part  of  Srecknockjhire^  it,  near  the  Hay^  enters  A- 

reforJfifirey  and  at  Mordtford^  within  four  miles  of  Hereford^ 

receives  the  Lug  ;  from  thence,  paffingon  loRo/sy  it  enters 

Monmouthjhire^  and  falls  into  the  Severn  below  Chepftonu, 

'    It  abouiids  with  thait  fmall  fpecies  of  £(h  called  Lad- 

Ijpring;  for  which  fee  page  153  ;  and  alfo  with  Grayling. 

And  here  it  may  bt  necefTary  to  remark,  that  the  names 

of  A*von^  Oufe^  Stourey  and  fome  others,  are  common' to 

many  rivers  in  England^  as  that  of  Dulas  i»  to  number^  in 

W^u    See  notes  on  the  Polyclbtom,  fong  the  iixth. 

"  *  ^  where 


-i6         ^be  CoMPiETE  AvGLKR.    Fart  IL 

where  you  pkafe  to  lead  me,  and  I  fee  ha  danger 
yec  I  for  the  defccntt  tnethinJcs,  is  thus  £fir  green, 
even,  and  cafy. 

Pifcat.  You  will  like  it  worfe  prefemly,  when 
'  you  come  CO  the  brow  of  the  hiii ;  and  now  we 
are  there,  what  think  you  ? 

Viai.  What  do  I  think  ?  Why  I  think  it  the 
ilrangeft  place  that  ever,  fore,  men  and  horfes 
went  down ;  and  that,  if  therie  be  any  fafety  at 
all,  the  fafcfl:  way  is  to  alight. 

Pifeai.  1  think  fo  too  for  you,  who  are  mounts 
ed  upon  a  bead  not  acquainied  with  theie  flip*- 

fery  ilones ;  and  though  I  frequently  ride  xlown, 
will  alight  too  to  bear  you  company,  and  ur 
lead  you  the  way ;  and,  ii  you  pleafe,  my  man 
ihall  lead  your  horiie. 

Viat.  Marry,  Sir,  and  thank  you  too ;  for  I 
am  afraid  I  fliail  have  enxMigh  to  do  to  look  tx% 
inyfeUt  and  with  my  horic  in  my  hand  fluxuld 
be  in  a  double  fear,  both  of  iyeaking  my  neck, 
and  my  horfc's  falling  on  me ;  for  it  is  as  ite^ 
as  a  penthoufe. 

pifcai.  To  look  down  from  hence  it  appears 
ib,  1  confefs  i  but  the  path  winds  and  turns,  aiid 
^ill  not  be  found  fo  troublefonne. 

Viat.  Would  I  were  well  down .  though ! 
Hoift  thee !  there's  one  fair 'fcape!  thefe  ftones 
are  fo  flippery  I  cannot  (land  !  yet  again  I  I  think 
I  were  beftlay  my  heels  in-my  neck,  and  tumble 
down. 

Pifcat.  If  you  thiak  your  heels  w'dl  defend 
ydur  neck,  that  is  the  way  to  be  foon  at  the  bot- 
tom ;  but  give  me  your  hand  at  this  bro^d  ftone^ 
and  then  the  worft  is  paft, 

Viat. 


Chap. II.    7%r  Co^PLrETE  Anglxh.        <%y 

Vidi.  I  thank  you.  Sir,  I  am  now  paft  it,  I  can 
myfelf.     What's  here,  the  fign  of  a  bridge  ? 

o  you  ufc  to  travel  with  wheelbarrows  in  this 
country  ? 

Piftai.  Not  that  I  ciFcr  faw.  Sir.  Why  do  you 
afk  that  queftion  ? 

Vmt.  Becaufe  this  bridge  certainly  was  made 
for  nothing  eUe  %  why  a  moufe  can  hardly  go 
over  it :  'tis  not  two  fingers  broad. 

Pifcat.  You  are  pkaiant,  and  1  am  glad  tp 
fee  you  fo :  but  I  have  rid  over  the  bridge  many 
«  dark  night. 

Viai.  Why  acccordin^  ix>  the  French  proverb)^ 
and  'tis  a  good  one  among  a  great  many  of 
worfe  fenfe  and  found  that  language  abounds 
HI,  Ct  que  Dieugarde^  eft  hien  garde.  They  whom 
-God  takes  care  ^  are  in  laie  protedion :  but, 
iet  mt  tell  you,  I  -would  vnot  ride  over  it  for  a 
ihoufand  pounds,  nor  fall  off  h  for  two;  and 
yet  I  thuiK  I  dare  venture  on  foot,  though  if  you 
were  not  by  to  laugh  at  me,  I  Siould  do  it  on 
•tU  four. 

Pifcatp  Well  Sir,  your  tnrrth  becomes  you, 
and  1  am  glad  to  fee  you  fafe  over  \  and  now  you 
are  welcome  into  St^iffordjbvre. 

Viut.  How,  Siaffcrdftnre !  What  do  I  thei« 
trow !  there  is  not  a  word  of  Slaffior^flnre  in  all 
tny  diredion. 

Pifiat.  You  fee  you  arc  betrayed  into  it ;  but 
It  ihall  be  in  order  to  fomething  that  will  make 
iamtnds,  and  *tis  but  an  ill  mile  or  two  out  of 
your  way. 

Vtaf.  I  believe  all  things.  Sir,  and  doubt  no* 
thing.  Is  this  your  beloved  river  Deve  ?  'Tis 
dear  and  fwift  indeed,  but  a  very  little  one. 

Pifeat. 


if  91&^  Complete  Akgler.     PartlJ. 

Pifcat,  You  fee  it  here  at  the  worft ;  we  ftiall 
come  to  it  anon  again  after  two  miles  ridings 
and  fo  near  as  to  lie  upon  the  very  banks. 

Viai.  Would  we  were  there  once ;  but  I  hope 
we  have  no  more  of  thefe  Alps  to  pafs  over. 

Pifcat.  No,  no,  Sir,  only  this  afcent.  before 
you,  which  you  fee  is  not  very  uneafy,  and  then 
you  will  no  more  quarrel  with  your  way.- 

Viat.  Well,  iPever  I  come  to  Ltf»i^»,  of  which 
many  a  man  there,  if  he  were  in  my  place,  would 
make  a  queftion,  I  will  fit  down  and  write  my 
travels,  and,  like  Tom  Coriate^  print  them  at  my 
own  charge  ♦.  Pray  what  do  you  call  this  hill  wc 
came  down  ? 

Pifcat. 

••  7i«  Coriatt  lived  in  the  rcign  of  king  James  the  ^ift^ 

and,  as  fVeodaXh  htm,  was  the  wuhetftntu  of  all  the  nvits  of 

ihai  agi ;  and  indeed,  the  alln£ons  to  him,  and  to  theliii- 

•goiar  oddnefs  of  his  charaAer,  are  numberlefs.  He  travelled 

almoft  over  Ewrppt  on  foot,  and  in  that  tour  walked  900 

miles  with  one  pair  of  ihoes,  which  he  got  mended  at  Z«- 

Ttch,     Afterwards  he  viOted  Turkijf^  Pn^a,  and  the  Great 

MoguPi  dominions,  travelling  in  fo  frugal  a  manner,  thai, 

as  b^  tells  his  mother,  in  a  letter  to  her  in  his  tep  months 

travels,  httvitcn  JJepppo  and  the  MoguPs  court,  he  fpent  bat 

three  poumts  ftcrlhg^  living  rejifoiiably  well  for  about  hvov- 

pence fierling  a  day. .  He  was  a  redoubted  champion  for 

'che  Cbriftian  religiof),  again^  the  Mahometans  wc^d  Pagans  ; 

in  the  defence  whereof  he  fometimes  riiqued  hi^  life.     In 

^furhey^  wheH  aprieft,  as  the  cutlom  is,  was  proclaiming 

from  a  mofque-towcr  that  Mahomet  was  a  true   prophet, 

Vir«r,  in  t1ie  fury  of  his  Real,  and  in  the  face  of  the  whole 

city,  told  the  prieft  he  iyed^'  and  that  his  prophet  *was  an  im» 

j^ftor:  and,  at  a  city  calJc/d  jU«//^«,  \ii\\i^EaJt  Indies^  he, 

in  publick,  made  a  fetfpeech  to  aMahometan,  who  had  called 

him  glaur^  or  infidel^  y/hizW  he  began  thus  :  •*  Btet^  i pray 

^*  ?  thee,  feU  me,,  -thoA  Mahometan , .  thft  tkou  infadtUfs  call  me 

*•  giaur  ?  That  I  do  quoth  he:  Thetty  \vxit\iii  in 'very  J^ 

**  her  jfadtafs  I  retort  that  Jhameful  nxjord  in  thy  throaty  and 

till  thee  plainly y  that  1  dm  a  mulTulman^  and  thou   art 


*«•».    xwti^  yMMfiM^,   i/>«»i  i    (4fn    €*  uiujiuiuictu^    una    ifjou 


a 


Chap«  U.    97^^  CoMPLBTE  Angler.       19 

Pifcat.  Wc  call  it  Hanfon-^oot. 

Viat.  Why,  farewcl  Hanfon-Toot^  1*11  no  more 
on  cbee  \  Y\\  go  twenty  miles  about  Brft :  Puh  I 
I  fweaty  that  my  fhirt  (licks  to  my  back. 

Pifcat.  Come,  Sir,  now  we  are  up  the  hill, 
and  now  how  do  you  ? 

Viat.  Why  very  well,  I  humbly  thank  you.  Sir, 
and  warm  enough,  I  aflure  you.     What  have  we. 
here,  a  church  ?  As  Tm  an  honed  man,  a  very 
pretty   church !    Have   you   churches   in   this 
country.  Sir  ? 

Pifcat.  You  fee  we  have :  but  had  you  ften 
none,  why  (hould  you  make  that  doubt.  Sir  ? 

Viat.  Why,  if  you  will  not  be  angry,  Pll  tell 
you  I  thought  myfelf  a  ftage  or  two  beyond 
Chriftendam. 

Pifcat.  Come,  come,  we'll  reconcile  vou  to 
our  country  before  we  part  with  you,  it  fliew- 
ing  you  good  fport  with  angling  will  do  it. 

Viat.  My  refpeft  to  you,  and  that  together 
may  do  much.  Sir  •,  otherwife,  to  be  plain  with 
you,  I  do  not  find  myfelf  much  inclined  that  way^ 

^  a  eiatir.''  He  concludes  thus  :  «<  Go  to  then^  thufiU/c 
**  ^  buiiifert  fina  by  thy  injurious  imfutatiou  laid  on  me,  in  thai 
^'  thou  catledft  me  giaur,  thou  haft  provoked  mo  to  /peak  thuu 
•*  //rtff  thee^  let  this  mine  answer  he  a  woarningfor  thee  not 
*^  to-fcandalixi  me  in  the  like  manner  any  more  \for  the  ChriA 
**  lian  religion^  nuhich  I  pro/e/st  is  Jo  dear  and  tender  unt0 
**  met  that  neither  thou,  nor  any  other  Mahometan «  fi^all^ 
**  fcot'free^  can  me  giaur,  hut  that  I  fl?ati  quit  you  <with  an. 
•'  anpwer  much  to  the  <wonder  ofthofe  Mahometans."  Dixu 
He  died  of  the  flux,  occaiioned  by -drinking  fack  ^ttSurat^ 
in  1617 ;  having  publifhed  his  travels  in  a  qaarco  volame, 
which  he  called  his  Crudities ;  and  to  this  circumilance  the 
paiTage  in  the  text  is  a  manifeil  allufion.  SteJthen,  Oxon, 
Vol.1.  Col.  422.  Purcha/e*s  Pilgrim,  Parti.  Book  ^. 
Chap.  17.  Coriaiii  letter  from  the  court  of  the  Great  MoguK 
^artOf  i6i6. 

f  Pifcat. 


20  Tie  CoMPLttt  AucttRi    PartIL 

Pi/cat.  Well,  Sir,  your  raillcff  upon  our 
mountains  has  brought  us  almoil  home;  and 
look  you  where  the  lame  river  of  Dove  has  a^n 
met  us  CO  bid  you  welcome,  and  to  invite  yoii 
to  a  difli  of  Trouci^  to-morrow. 

FiaL  Is  this  the  fame  we  faw  at  the  fyot  oi 
Penmen-Maure  /^  It  is  a  much  finer  river  here. 

PifcaS.  It  will  appear  yet  much  finer  to-mor- 
row. But  look  you.  Sir,  here  appears  the  houfe^ 
that  is  now  like  to  be  your  inn,  for  want  of  a 
better. 

ViaL  It  appears  on  a  fudden,  but  not  be&re 
'twas  looked  for ;  it  ftands  prettily,  and  here's 
wood  about  it  coo,  but  fo  young,  as^  appears  to 
be  of  your  own  planting. 

Pi/cat,  It  is  fo ;  will  it  pleafe  you  to  attgbt. 
Sir )  and  now  permit  me,  after  alt  your  pains  add 
dangers  to  take  you  in  my  arms^  and  to  aifure 
you,  that  you  are  k^itejy  wekome. 

y^.  I  thank  you,  SSr,  and  am  glad  with  all 
my  heart  I  am  here ;  for,  ia  downright  tru^y 
I  am  exceeding  weary. 

Pi/caf.  You  will  flcep  fo  mixrh  the  better ) 
yi>u  ftiril  presently  hw^  a  light  fupper,  and  to 
bed:  Come,  Sirs,  lay  ijie  cloih,  and  bring  what 
you  have  preiently,  and  let  the  geatkmanVoed  be 
made  ready  in  the  mean  time,  in  my  father  fFal* 
hfi?ii  chamber ;  and  now,  Sir,  here  b  my  fcrvice 
to  you,  and  once  more  welcome. 

Plat.  Ay  marry.  Sir,  ;bi5  glafs  c^  ^ood  fack 
has  refrefhed  me,  and  Til  make  as  bold  with  your 
mei»t,  for  the  trot  has  got  me  a  good  ftomacb. 

PiJlaL  Come,  Sir,  fall  to  then,  you  fee  my 
little  fupper  i$  alwgys  ready  when  1  come  home; 
and  ril  make  no  ftranger  of  you, 

'     FiaT. 


>7«/.  Thftt  your  meal  is  fo  fybn  read/  is  a  Ggn 

your  fefvaiits  know  your  certain  bours^  Sir; -I 

confefs  I  did  not  expe^  it  fo  foon  -^  but  now  'ti» 

h  er^t  yois  ftiaU  fee  I  will  make  my  ielf  no  ftranger. 

Pi/cat.  Much  good  do  your  heart,  and  I  thank 

you  for  that  frioidly  wond :  and  now.  Sir,  my  j 

lervice  to  you  in  a  cup  of  Abre-LanJ^^  ale:  for 

you  are  now  in  the  Mon-Landsj  but  within  a  fpit 

and  aftrideof  the  Peak ;  fill  my  friend  his  glafe. 

ytal^.  Believ^e  me  yoa  have  good  ale  in  the? 

Mere-Lands^  far  better  than  that  at  4^^ar0. 

Pifcat.  That  it  may  (bon  be :  for  AJhhrn  has, 
which  is  a  kind  of  a  riddle^  always  in  it  thebeft 
malt,  and  the  word  ale  in  England.  Come,  take 
away,  and  bring  us  fome  pipes,  and  a  bottle  of 
ale,  and  go  to  your  own  fupper^.  Are  you  for 
this  diet.  Sir? 

f^iat.  Yes,  Sir,  I  am  for  one  pipe  of  tobacco  5 
and  I  perceive  your*s  is  very  good  by  the  fmell. 
Pifcat.  The  beft  I  can  get  in  London^  I  isiflure 
you  *.    But,  Sirj  now  you  have  thus  far  com- 
plied 

* 

*  It  ftould  feediy  by  #ttat  Jf^altwhyry  Chap.  X.  that  he 
Wa^  a  fmdaker  :  and  the  reader  fees,  by  the  pafTage  in  the 
nkt^  that  Ptfcaicy^  by  whom  we  are  to  anderftand  Cottm 
hittfelf,  \t  fo  «ari<Hi9  as  to  have  his  tobacco  from  Lending 
1^  oar  pifcalory  diftiple  may  do  as  be  plealet. 

Sfttokbgy  or»  as  the  phrafe  was«  taking  tobacco,  wav 
in  queen  Eli%ahtth^h  and  her  fuce^ilbr's  time,  eileemed 
the  greal<»ft  of  alt  foppery,  Ben  John/on^  who  mortally  hated 
it,  ha';ltfK9b^tCfi«  ffl^cftfofs  againft  fmoakingand  fmoak^ts; 
ill  which  are  iKKhin^,  compared  to  tho(e  contained  in  that 
tflegtht  i^^k  ^^^tvCi^Jamei  the  firft,  intitkd,  A  CounUr" 
^ft  h  t^c<o.  Nor  Wd6  the  ordinary  converfation  of  this 
f&ptent  monarch  left  ftaaght  with  cpgent  reafons  and  witty 
iovedives  againft  the  ufe  of  that  weed,  as  will  appear  from 
^c  following  faying,  of  bis,  extra^d  from  A  C9lk^ion^o/ 

miiy 


21  The  Cdmplztz  AfidLztL.    PartlL 

plied  with  my  dcfigns,  as  to  take  a  troublefome 
journey  into  an  ill  country,  only  to  fatisfy  me » 
how  long  may  I  hope  to  enjoy  you  ? 

Fiat.  Why  truly.  Sir,  as  long  as  I  Conveniently 
can ;  and  longer,  I  think,  you  would  not  have  me. 

PifcaL  Not  to  your  inconvenience  by  any 
means.  Sir;  but  I  fee  you  are  weary^  and  therefore 
I  will  prefently  wait  on  you  to  your  chamber, 
where  take  counfel  oi  your  pillow,  and  to-morr 
row  refolve  me.  Here,  take  the  lights,  and  pray 
follow  them.  Sir.  Here  you  are  luce  to  lie,  and 
now  I  have  (hewed  you  your  lodging,  I  be- 
feeth  you,  command  any  thing  you  want,  and 
fo  I  wi(b  you  good  reft. 

yiaL  Good  night.  Sir. 

witty  apophthegms^  delivered  hy  him  and  athtn^  at  /tveral 
timiJf  and  OH  fundry  tccajionst  publifhed  in  12010,  1671. 

**  That  tobacco  nvas  the  li'vely  image  and  pattern  of  hell; 
*'  for  that  it  had,  by  allufion,  in  it  all  the  parts  and  vices  of 
**  the  world  whereby  hell  may  be  gained ;  to  wit :  Firft,  li 
••  tf^asafmoak  ;  ft)  are  the  vanities  of  this  world.  Secondly, 
**  //  delight eth  them  ivho  take  it ;  Jo  do  the  pleafares  of  the 
**  world  delight  the  men  of  the  world.  Thirdly,  //  moAeth 
**  men  drunken^  and  light  in  the  hiad\  fo  do  the  vanities  of 
*'  the  world,  men  are.  dmnken  therewith.  Foarthly,  He 
*'  that  taketh  tobacco  faith  he  cannot  leave  it,  it  doth  be^witch 
**  him  :  even  fo  the  pleafares  of  the  world  make  men  loath 
'^  to  leave  them,  they  are  for  the  moft  part  fo  inchaftted 
**  with  them  :  and  further,  befides  alt  this,  //  is  like  hell 
••  in  the  itery  fulftance  of.  ity  f^r  it  is  d  ftinking  loathfome 
**  thing  ;  and  fo  is  hell.  And  farther,  his  majeily  profef- 
**  fed  that,  were  he  to  invite  the  devil  to  dinner^  he  ihould 
**  have  three  diihes  \  \,  A  pig  ;  2.  A  pole  of  ling  and  muf 
••  tard\  and  jt  A  pipe  of  tobacco  for  digeitare."    - 

How  fententions  and  lo|;ical  dpes  this  reafoniog  appear  ^ 
iray,  and  how  wittily  is  his  majedy's  ridicalc  ajnrlied  for 
the  prefervation  of  the  fouls,  as  well  zk  bodies,  of-his  good 
iiibjeas! 

CHAP. 


X 


Chap.  III.  -  Th  CoMP|.ET£  Anglsh.       %^ 
""  CHAP.    III. 

PiSCATOR. 

GOOD  morrow,  Sir ;  what  f  up  and  drcft 
{o  early  ? 
Fiat.  Yes,  Sir,  I  have  been  dreft  this 
half  hour ;  for  I  rcfted  fo  well,  and.  have  fo 
great  a  mind  either  to  take,  pr  to  fee  a  Trout 
taken  in  your  £lne  river,  that  I  could  no  longer 
lie  a  bed. 

Pifcat.  I  am  glad  to  fee  you  fo  brilk  this  morn- 
ing, and  fo  eager  of  fport ;  though  I  mud  tell 
you,  this  day  proves  fo  calm,  and  the  fun  rifes 
fo  bright,  as  promifes  no  great  fuccefs  to  the 
angler :  but,  however,  we'll  try,  and,  one  way 
or  other,  we  (hall  fure  do  fomething.  What 
will  you  have  to  your  breakiaft,  or  what  will 
you  drink  this  morning  ? 

Viat.  For  breakfaft,  I  never  eat  any,  and  for 
drink  am  very  indifferent ;  but  if  you  pleafe  to 
call  for  a  glafs  of  ale,  I'm  for  you  ;  and  let  it 
be  quickly,  if  you  pleafe,  for  I  long  to  fee  thq 
little  filhing-houfe  you  fpoke  of,  and  to  be  at  my 
leifon.  _  . 

Pifiai.  Well,  Sir,  you  fee  the  ale  is  come 
without  calling;  for  though  I  do  not  know  your's, 
my  people  know  my  diet,  which  is  always  one 
glafs  fo  foon  as  I  am  dreft,  and  no  more  till 
dinner;  and  fo  my  fervants  have  ferved  you. 

Viat.  My  thanks,  and  now,  if  you  pleafe,  let 
us  look  out  this  fine  morning. 

Pifcat-.  With  all  my  heart ;  boy  !  take  the  key 
of  my  fifiiing^houie,  and  carry  down  thofe  two 

C  c  angle- 


24         y/^e  Complete  Amc-ler.    Partly 

angle-rods  in  the  hall-window  thither,  with  mf 
fifli'pannier,  pouch,  and  landing-net  ^  and  ftay 
you  there  till  we  come.  Come,  Sir^  we'll  walk 
after  ^  where,  by  the  way,  I  expeft  you  Ihould 
raife  all  the  exceptions  againft  our  country  you 
can. 

Fiai.  Nay,  Sir,  do  not  think  me  fo  ill-natured^ 
nor  fa  uncivil  *,  I  only  made  a  little  bold  with  it 
laft  night  to  divert  you,  and  was  only  in  je(t. 

Pifcat.  You  were  then  in  as  good  earneft  as  I 
am  now  with  you :  but  had  you  been  really  angry 
at  it,  i  could  not  Uame  you :  for,  to  fay  the 
truth,  it  is  not  very  taking  at  firft  light.  But 
look  you.  Sir,  now  you  are  abroad,  does  not  the 
fun  (hine  as  bright  here  as  in  Effhcy  Middlefex^  or 
Kent^  or  any  of  yoor  fouthern  counties  f 

Viat.  'Tis  a  delicate  morning,  indeed  ;  and  Y 
now  think  this  a  marvellous  pretty  place, 

Pifcat.  Whether  you  think  fo  or  no,  you  can- 
not oblige  me  more  than  to  lay  fo ;  and  thofe  of 
my  friends  who  know  my  humour,  and  are  ib 
kind  as  to  comply  with  it,  ufually  (latter  me 
that  way.  But  look  you.  Sir,  now  you  are  at 
the  brink  of  the  hill,  how  do  you  like  my  river, 
the  vale  it  winds  through  like  a  fnake,  and  the 
Situation  of  my  little  fiming-houfe  ? 

Viat.  Truft  me,  *cis  all  very  fine,  and  tht  houfe 
feems  at  this  diftance  a  neat  building. 

Pifcat.  Good  enough  for  that  purpol^ ;  and 
here  is  a  bowling-green  too,  clofc  by  it  5  fo  though 
I  am  myfclf  no  very  good  bowler,  I  am  not  to- 
tally devoted  to  my  own  pleafure,  but  that  I 
havealfo  fomc  regard  to  other  men's.  And  now^ 
Sir,  you  are  to  come  to  the  door,  pray  walk  in,  and 
there  we  will  fit,  and  talk  as  long  a^  you  pleafe. 
6  Via. 


«  \ 


t     > 

t 


Chap«  lit.    ^he  CouPLttn  AuQitK^      %$ 

Fiat.  Stay,  what's  here  over  the  door  ?  Pisca^ 
toRiBu>  SACRUM  •  Why  then,  .n„,i„^,u, 
I  perceive,  1  have  foitie  title  m,tto,tlH.yt^tm». 
hcfe;  for.  I  am  one  of  them,  titud  >«  the.tid*- 
chough  one  of  the  woril ;  and  t»s*>  «"'  fomtaH 
here  bdo>«r  it  is  the  cypher  too   f  7  ^^^W' 

you  ipoke  of,  and  .^IS  prettily     i^/  ^^  fUafantmfi 

contrived.  Has  my  matter  oftberi'very  motm^ 
Wdttw  ever  been  here  to  fee  ^^^'>  dmdmadowt 
%  for  it  fcems  new  built  t  ?    glif'ffii;' swl 

Jk9ff  mr  Mr,  Cotlon'/yOt/W,  nveti  agmn  ali've  to  do  it. 

^ifc0l.  T^S,  he  fanr  it  cut  in  the  ftonc  bcfofc 
kwafifet-up,  but  never  in  the  pofture  it  now 
itands :  f^r  the  houfe  was  but  building  when  hewat 
hiQ:  httdl  M^  xiQt  taikd  ib  high  asahe  arch  of 
the  door,  and  1  am  afraid  he  will  not  fee  it  yet  % 


t  Having  been  mforined  that  thcfifhing-houfe  here  men* 
tioned  iVas  yet  Aaifiding,  1  employed  a  very  ingenioas  gentle^ 
msLtifWeW  known  for  the  msiny  txttWent  views  he  has  givca 
^e  publickof  the  Piak,-  and  parts  adjacent,  to  make  a  (lraw«> 
ing  of  that  and  aifo  of  Pike  pool^  with  the  rock  rifing  in  the 
mtilfi  thereof;  both  which  are  defcribed  Chap.  VI.  this  he 
ac<fordiagly  did  with  great  accuracy ;  and  from  his  drawings^ 
X\^  plate  in  the  oppofice  page  was  engraved  ;  which  it  i% 
imi^ned  the  reader  wttl  be  pleafed  with,  as  it  exhibits  the 
very  fcene  where  thi»  dialogue  is  fuppofed  to  h^ve  been 
held,  aii^#here,  as  we  are  ^$ired»  Cottom  and  Walton  ufed 
to  fifh. 

On  the  outfideof  the  fi(hing-houfe  are  tlitfportralts,  as 
they  >i^  enlkd,  of  CbarUs  Cottony  .Wq;  his  fervaat  th^ 
boy,  and  Mr.  I/aac  Wakon,  painxed .  in  frcfcd  i  but,  be- 
fides  that, the  habits  befpeak  them  to  have  beendrAwn  many 
years  after  .their  (Jeatbs  :  they  are  fo  wretchedly  executed, 
that  .it  wodid,  have  4ifgraced'  this  work  to  b«ve  inferted 
them* 

C  c  a  fpf 


iS^       The  Complete  Angler.    PartlL. 

for  he  has  lately  writ  me  word,  he  doubts  his 
coming  down  this  fummer ;  which,  I  do  aflure*- 
you,  was  the  word  news  he  could  poiEbly  have 
lent  me. 

Viat.  Men  mu(t  fometimes  mind  their  affairs  . 
to  make  more  room  for  their  pleasures ;  and  'tis 
odds  he  is  as  much  diipleafed  with  the  bufinefs- 
that  keeps  him*  from  you,  as  you  are  that  he* 
comes  not.  But  \  am  the  moft  pleafed  with 
this  little  houfe,  of  any  thing  I  ever  faw :  it  ftands 
in  a  kind  of  peninfula  too,  with  a  delicate  dea;: 
river  about  it.  I  dare  hardly  go  in,  kfl:  I  fliould 
not  like  it  ib  weli  within  as  without ;  but,  by  your 
leave,  TU  try.  Why  this  is  better  and  better^ 
fine  lights,  finely  wainicoted,  and  all  exceeding 
neat,  with  a  marble  table,  and  all,  in  the  middle  !. 

Pifcat,  Enough,  Sir,  enough,  I  have  laid  opea. 
to  you  the  part  where  I  can  word  defend  my- 
fclf;  and  now  you  attack  me  there.  Come, 
boy,  fet  two  chairs,  and  whilft  I  am  taking  a, 
pipe  of  tobacco,,  wbicb  is  always  my  breakfaO:> 
we  will,  if  you  pleaf<r,  talk  of  fome  other  ful> 

jeft. 

Viat,  None  fittser  then,  Sir,  for  the  time  and 
place,  than  thofe  inftru&ions  you  promifed. 

Pifcat.  I  begin  to  doubt,  by  fomething  I  dif- 
cover  in  you,  whether  I  am  able  to  inftruft  you 
or  no ;  though,  if  you  are  really  a  ftranger  to 
our  clear  northern'  rivers,  I  ftill  think  I  can ; 
and  therefore,  finer  it  is  yet  too  early  in  the 
morning  at  this  time  of  the  year,  to-day  being 
but  the  feventh  of  MarcB^  to  caft  a  fiy  upon  the 
water,  if  you  will  dire6b  me  what  kind  of  fiihing 
for  a  Trout  1  ftiall  read  you  a  Icfturc  on,  I  aia 
wHling  and  ready  to  dbcy  you. 

;  Viat, 


Chap. IIL    ^fe  Complete  Angler;      lay 

Viat.  Why,  Sir,  if  you  will  To  far  oblige  tne, 
ind  that  it  may  not  be  too  troublefome  to  you,  I 
vrould  entreat  you  would  run  chough  the  whole 
body  of  it ;  and  I  will  not  conceal  from  you,  (hat 
1  am  fo  far  in  love  with  you,  your  courtcfy,  and 
pretty  Moreland  feat,  as  to  rcfolve  to  ftay  with 
you  long  enough  by  intervals  -,  for  I  will  not  op- 
|)refs  you,  to  hear  all  you  can  fay  upon  that  fub- 
jea. 

Pi/caf.  You  cannot  obHge  me  more  than  by 
fuch  a  premife;  and  therefore,  without  more  ce- 
remony, I  will  begin  to  teH  you,  that  my  father 
Walton  having  read  to  you  before,  it  would  look 
like  a  prefumption  in  me,  and peradventure  would 
do  fo  in  any  other  man,  to  pretend  to  give  lef- 
^oos  for  angling  after  him,  who,  I  do  really  be- 
lieve, tinderftands  as  much  of  it,  at  leaft,  as  any 
man  xtiEnglan^*,  did  J  not  pre- acquaint  you,  that 
I  am  not  tempted  to  it  by  any  vain  opinion  of 
myfclf,  that  I  am  able  to  give  you  better  di- 
Teiftions ;  but  having  from  my  childhood  pur- 
•fued  the  recreation   of  angling  in  very  clear 
.  rivers,  truly  I  think  by  much,  fome  of  them  at 
^eaft  the  cTearcft  in*  this  kingdom,  and  the  man- 
ner of  aTigllng  here  with  us,  by  rcafpn  of  that  ex- 
ceeding clearnefs,  being  fonrcthing  different  from 
%e  method  commotily  ufed  in  others,  which  by 
^being  not  near  fo  bright,  admit  of  ftronger  tackle, 
•and  allow  *  a  nearer  approach  to  the  ftream  ;  I 
^may  peradventufe-  give  you  fom^  inftruftions, 
*fhat  may  be  of  ufc  even  in  your  own  rivers,  and 
4halPbring  you ^cqu^nted  with. more  flies,  anfl 
ftiew  you  how  to^make  them,  and  with  <vhjrt 
dubbing  too,  than  he  has  taken  notice  of  in  his 
<;oMPjLETE  Angler. 


a8  The  Complete  Angler.    Pmll, 

yUi.  I  bcfecchyou.  Sir,  do;  and  if  you  will 
lend  tne  your  fteel,  1  will  light  a  pipe  the  while ; 
for  chat  is  commonly  my  breakfaft  hi  a  morning 
too. 


f-*t« 


CHAP.    IV. 

P  I  S  C  A  T  O  EL. 

WH  Y  then.  Sir,  to  begin  methodically^ 
as  a  mafter  in  any  art  (hould  do ;  and 
I  will  not  deny,  but  that  1  think  myfelf 
,  ^  mafter  in  this,  I  fhall  divide  angling  for  Trout 
^r  Grayling  into  thefe  three  ways  ;  at  the  top ; 
at  the  bottom  i  and  in  the  middle.  Which  threte 
ways,  though  they  are  all  of  them,  as  I  ihall 
Jiereafter  endeavour  to  make  it  appear,  in  fome 
fort  common  to  both  thofe  kinds  of  fib,  yet  are 
they  not  fo  generally  and  abfolutely  ib»  but  that 
they  will  hecciTarily  require  a  diftindioo,  which* 
in  due  place,  I  will  alfo  give  you. 

That  which  we  call  angling  at  the  top,  is 
with  a  fl^*,  at  the  bottom  with  a  ground-bait^ 
In  the  middle  with  a  minnow  or  ground-bait. 

Angling  at  the  top  is  of  two  forts ;  with  a 
.quick  fly*  or  with  an  artificial  fly. 

That  we  call  angling  at  the  bottom,  is  alfo  of 
two  forts  I  by  hand,  or  with  a  cork  or  float. 

That  we  call  angling  in  the  middle,  i$  alfo  of 
two  forts ;  with  a  minnow  for  iai  Trout,  or  with 
a  ground-bait  for  a  Grayling. 


*'  c 


Of 


Chap.  V.    al^^ Complete  Antocer.         39 

Of  all  which  feveral  forts  of  angling,  I  will^ 
if  you  can  have  the  patience  p  hear  ine»  give 
you  the  bed  account  J  can. 

Fi^.  The  trouble  will  be  your's,  and  mine 
the  pleafure  and  the  obligatioa :  I  bcfeech  you 
therefore  to  proceed. 

Pif€at.  Why  then,  Hrft  of  fly-Hfhing. 


CHAP.    V. 

Of  Fl  y-Fi  s  H  I  N  a, 

Pi  SC  A  T o  R. 

FL  Y-fithing,  or.  fiflilng  at  the  top,  is,  a« 
I  faid  before,  of  two  two  forts ;  with  a 
natural  and  living  Hy,  or  with  an  artfici^ 
«nd  made  fly. 

Firft  then,  of  the  natural  fly ;  of  which  wc 
generally  ufe  fouc  two  fores,  and  thofe  but  in 
the  two  months  of  May  2ind  June  only  ;  namely^ 
the  green  drake,  and  the  ftooe  fly;  though  t 
have  made  ufe  of  a  third  that  way,  called  the 
camlet- £y,  with  very  good  faccefs,  forGi'ay.ling ; 
but  never  faw  it  aogled  with  by  any  other  after 
this  manner,  my  mafter  only  excepted,  who 
died  many  years  ago,  and  was  one  of  the  befl: 
anglers  that  ever  I  knew. 

Thefe  are  to  be  angled  with  with  a  (bort  Knc, 
not  much  more  thaiU  half  the  length  of  your 
rod,  if  the  air  be  liill  -,  or  with  a  longer  vtry 
near,  or  all  out  as  long  as  your  rod,  if  you 
faave  any  wind  to  carry  it  from  you.     And  this 

C  c  4  !Vay 


30  T'i^^  Complete  Akgl£r«    PartIL 

W|iy  of  fiihing  we  call  dapping^  dabbing  or  dib- 
bling, whertin.you  are  always  co  have  your  line 
flying  before  you,  up  or  down  the  river,  as  the 
wind  ferves,  and  to  angle  as  near  as  you  can  to 
the  bank  of  the  fame  fide  whereon  you  (land  ; 
though  where  you  fee  a  fifli  rife  near  you,  you 
may  guide  your  quick  fly  over  him,  whether 
in  the  middle,  or  on  the  contrary  fide ;  and  if 
you  are  pretty  well  out  of  fight,  either  by  kneeK 
ing,  or  the  interpofitioo  of  a  bank  or  bulh, 
you  may  ahnoft  be  fure  to  raife,  and  take  him 
too,  if  it  b;  prefeotly  dpne ;  thf;  fi(b  will  other* 
wife  peradventure  be  removed  to  (bme  other 
place,  if  it  be  in  the  Hill  deeps,  where  he  is  al^ 
ways  in  motion,  and  roving  up  and  down  to 
)ook  for  prey ;  though  in  a  ftream,  you  tpay  al- 
ways almoft,  efpecially  if  there  be  a  good  ftone 
near,  find  him  in  the  fame  place.  Your  lipe 
ought  in  this  cafe  to  be  three  good  hairs  next 
the  hook,  both  by  reaibn  you  are  in  this  kind  of 
angling  to  €xpc6t  the  biggeft  fifli,  and  alfo 
that  wanting  length  to  give  him  line  after  he 
5s' (truck,  you  mull  be  forced  to  tug  for  it  -,  to 
which  I  will  alfo  add,  that  not  an  inch  of  your 
line  being  to  be  fuSered  to  touch  the  water  in 
dibbing,  it  may  be  allowed  to  be  the  ftronger. 
I  (hould  now  give  you  a  defcription  of  thofe 
fiies,  their  (hape  ana  colour,  and  then  give  you 
an  account  of  their  breeding,  and  withal  ihcw 
you  how  to  keep  and  ufe  them  ;  but  (hall  defer 
that  to  their  proper  place  and  feafon. 

Fiat.  In  earncft.  Sir,  you  difcourfe  very  ra- 
tionally of  this  affair,  and  I  am  glad  to  find  my- 
felf  miftaken  in  you ;  for,  in  plain  truth,  I  did 
nQt  expeft  fo  much  from  you. 

Pi/cat. 


Chap.  V.    The  Complete  Angler.         jj 

Pi/cat,  Nay,  Sir,  I  can  tell  you  a  great  deal 
more  than  this,  and  will  conceal  nothing  from 
you.  But  I  mud  now  come  to  the  fecon(i  way 
of  angling  at  the  top,  which  is  with  an  artifi- 
cial fly,  wnich  alfo  I  will  (hew  you  how  to  make 
before  I  have  done ;  but-  firft  (hall  acquaint  you, 
that  with  this  you  are  to  angle  with  a  line  long- 
er by  a  yard  and  a  half,  or  fometimes  two  yards, 
than  your  rod ;  and  with  both  this  and  the 
other  in  a  ftill  day,  in  the  ftreams,  in  a  breeze 
that  curls  the  water  in  the  ftill  deeps,  where  (ex* 
ccpting  in  May  and  June^  that  the  beft  Trouts 
will  lie  in  (liallow  ftreams  to  watch  for  prey, 
and  even  then  too)  you  are  like  to  hit  the  beft 
fi(h. 

For  the  length  of  your  rod,  you  are  always 
to  be  governed  by  the  breadth  of  the  river  you 
(hall  chufe  to  angle  at ;  and  for  a  Trout-river, 
one  of  five  or  fix  yards  long  is  commonly  enough ; 
and  longer,  though  never  fo  neatly  and  artifici- 
ally made,  it  ought  not  to  be,  if  you  intend 
to  fifh  at  eafej  and  if  otherwife,  where  lies  the 
fport? 

Of  thcfe,  the  beft  that  ever  I  faw  are  made 
in  Torkjhire^  which  are  all  of  one  piece ;  that 
is  to  fay,  of  fevcral,  fix,  eight,  ten,  or  twelve 
pieces,  fo  neatly  pieced,  and  tied  together  with 
fine  thread  below  and  fiik  above,  as  to  make  it 
taper  like  a  fwitch,  and  to  ply  with  a  true 
bent  to  your  hand ;  and  thefe  too  are  light,  be- 
ing made  of  fir-.wood  for<  two  or  three  lengths 
pearcft  to  the  hand,  and  of  other  wood  nearer 
to  the  top,  that  a  man  might  very  cafily  ma- 
nage the  longeft  of  them  that  ever  I  faw  with 
cnc  hand ;    and  thefe,    when  you  have  given 

ovcfr 


ga         Tie  CoMPLETB  Aki;lbr«     I^rtlL 

Qvtr  ^ngliBg  for  a  feafon,  beii^  taken  to  pieces, 
and  laid  up  in  fome  dry  place,  may  afterwards 
be  fet  togecher  again  in  their  former  poftures^ 
asd  will  be  as  ftrait,  found,  and  good  as  the 
jBrft  hour  they  were  made ;  and  being  laid  in 
pil  and  colour,  according  to  your  mafter  fFal^ 
iM^s  diredion,  will  laft  many  years. 

The  length  of  your  line,  to  a  man  that 
4(nows  how  to  handle  his  rod,  and  to  tail  it,  is 
no  manner  of  incumbrance,  excepffing  in  woody 
places,  and  in  landing  of  a  filh,'^  which  every 
one  chat  can  afford  to  angle  for  pleafure,  has 
fomebody  to  do  for  him  i  and  the  length  of  line 
is  a  mighty  advantage  to  the  filhing  at  xliilance ; 
and  to  Bih  fne^  and  far  cff^  is  the  nrft  and  prin- 
cipal rule  for  Trout  angling  *. 

Your  line  in  this  cafe  (hould  never  be  left, 
Dor  ever  exceed  two  hairs  next  to  the  hook ;  for 
one,  though  fome  1  know  will  pretend  to  more 
an  than  their  fellows,  is  indeed  too  few,  the 
leaft  accident,  with  the  fineft  hand,  being  fufii- 
<:ient  to  break  it :  but  he  that  cannot  kill  a 
Trout  of  twenty  inches  long  with  two,  in  a  ri« 
^er  clear  of  wood  and  weeds,  as  this  and  fome 
others  of  ours  are,  deferves  not  the  name  of  an 
angkr  f. 

Now  to  have  your  whole  line  as  it  ought  to 
be,,  two  of  thie  firft  lengths  neareft  the  hook 
-jhould  be  of  two  hairs  a  piece,  the  next  three 
Jcngths  above  them  of  three,  the  next  three 
above  them  of  four,    and  fo  of  6ve  and  fix, 

•  An  artift  may  eafily  tbro^  twelve  yards  of  Jine  with 
cne  hand»  and  with  two  he  may  as  eafily  throw  eighteen. 

f  See  the  directions  for  voof  rod  and  }ine  in  the  notes  oa 
flhap.  JCXi.  PartJL 

and 


Chap.  V.    Tie  Compi^etb  AKOLfiit.        jj 

and  fevcft,  to  the  very  top :  by  which  means, 
yopr  rod  and  (ackle  will  in  a  manner  be  taper 
from  your  very  hand  to  your  hook ;  your  lint: 
wUl  fall  much  better  and  ftraiter,  and  call  yoiif 
fiy  to  any  certain  place  to  which  the  hand  an4 
eye  Ihall  direft  it,  with  lefs  weight  and  violence^ 
that  would  o^herwife  circle  the  water,  and  fright 
away  the  fifli. 

In  cafling  your  line,  do  it  always  before  you  9^ 
and  fo  that  your  fly  may  firft  fall  upon  the  water, 
und  as  little  of  your  line  with  it  as  is  pofCblci^ 
though  if  the  wind  be  (tifF,  you  will  then  of 
Deceffity  be  compelled  to  drown  a  good  part  of 
your  line,  to  keep  your  fly  in  the  water;  and 
in  cafling  your  fly,  you  muft  aim  at  the  fur- 
ther or  nearer  bank,  as  the  wtnd  ferves  your 
turn ;  which  alfo  will  be  with  and  againit  you 
on  the  fame  fid€  feveral  times  in  an  hour,  as  the 
4^ver  winds  in  its  courfe,  and  you  will  be  forced 
to  angle  up  and  down  by  turns  accordingly  i 
ibut  are  to  endeavour,  as  much  as  you  can,  to 
i)ave  the  wind  evermore  on  your  back,  ami 
always  be  fure  to  ftand  as  far  off  the  bank  as 
your  length  will  give  you  leave,  when  you  throw 
to  the  contrary  fide  ^  though  when  the  wind  will 
not  permit  you  fo  to  dp,  and  that  you  are  coi|^ 
itrained  to  angle  on  the  fame  fide  whereof 
you  ftand,  you  muft:  then  ftand  on  the  very 
orink  of  the  river,  and  caft  your  fly  at  tl^ 
jutmoft  lenglh  of  your  rod  and  line,  up  or 
/down  the  river,  as  the  gale  ferves. 

•  Till  yott«rp  a  proficient,  every  throw  will  go  near  to 
coft  yott  a  liook ;  therefore  pra^ife  for  fomc  time  without 
aae. 


'84         T^r  CoMPLECE  Angler.    PartlL 

Ic  only  remains,  touching  yoar  line,  to  en- 
quire whether  your  two  hairs  next  to  the  hook, 
are  better  twifted,  or  open  ?  And  for  that,  I 
ihould  declare  that  I  think  che  open  way  the 
better,  becaufe  it  makes  le6  (hew  in  the  water, 
but  that  I  have  found  an  inconvenience  or  two, 
ior  three,  that  have  made  me  almoft  weary  of 
that  way ;  of  which  one  is,  that  without  difpute 
they  are  not  fo  ftrong  twifted  as  open ;  another, 
that  they  are  not  eafily  to  be  taftened  of  fe 
cxa£t  an  equal  length  in  the  arming,  that  the 
one  will  not  caufe  the  other  to  bag,  by  which 
means  a  man  has  but  one  hair  upon  the  matter 
CO  truft  to ;  and  the  laft  is,  that  thefe  loofe  fly- 
ing hairs  are  not  only  more  apt  to  catch  upon 
•very  twig  or  bent  they  meet  with,  but  more- 
over the  hook,  in  falling  upon  the  water,  will 
very  often  rebound,  and  fly  back  betwixt  the  hairs, 
and  there  ftick,  which,  in  a  rough  water  efpe- 
cially,  is  not  prefently  to  be  difcemed  by  tjie 
angler,  fo  as  the  point  of  the  hook  fhall  hahi 
revcrfcd  ;  by  which  means  your  fly  fwims  back- 
ward, makes  a  much  greater  circle  in  the  wa- 
ter, and,  till  taken  home  to  you  and  (et  right, 
will  never  raife  any  fifh  -,  or  if  it  Ihould,  I  am 
fare,  but  by  a  very  extraordinary  chance,  can 
hit  none  *. 

Having  done  with  both  thefe  ways  of  fi(hing 
at  the  top,  the  length  of  your  rod,  and  line 
and  all,  i  am  next  to  teach  you  how  to  make 
a  fly;   and  afterwards  of  what  dubbing  y6u 

V 

*  This,  aod  the  otberiAcoi^vMrieiicies  mentioned  iiFthis 
paragraph,  are  effediftally  avoided  by  the  uie  of  a  fioe  gra(5, 
or  gat,  of  about  half  a  yard  long,  next  th«  hook.  See  tfre 
Botes  on  Chap.  XXL  Part  L 

■    '  ■  are 


Chap,  V.    y^r  Complete  A »Gi/K*tt.       jj* 

arc  to  make  the  fevers^  flies  I  Ih&ll  heraificer. 
name  to  you.  < 

In  making  a  fly  then,  which  is  not  a  hackle  or 
palmer-fly  (for  of  thofe,  and  their  feveral  kinds, 
we  Ihall  have  occafion  to  fpeak  every  month 
in  the  year)  you  are  firft  co  hold  your  book  faffc . 
betwixt  the  fore-flnger  and  thumb  of  your  left- 
hand,  with  the  back  of  the  fliank  upwards,  and 
the  point  towards  your  finger's  end ;  then  take 
a  ftrpng  fmall  iitk,  of  the  colour  of  the  fly  you 
intend  to  make,  wax  it  well  with  wax  of  the  fame 
colour  (to  which  end,  you  are  always,  by  the 
way,  to  have  wax  of  all  colours  about  you)  and 
draw  it  betwixt  your  finger  and  thumb,  to  the 
head  of  the  ihank,   and  then  whip  it  twice  or 
thrice  about  the  bare  book,  which  you  muft  knov 
is  done,  both  to  prevent  iUpping,  and  alfo  that 
the  fliank  of  the  hook  may  not  cut  the  hairs  of 
your  towght,  which  fometimes  it  will  otherwife 
do:  which  being  done,  take  your  line  and  drav^ 
It  likewife  betwixt  your  finger  and  thumb,  hold- 
ing the  hook  fo  fad  as  only  to  fulFer  it  to  pafs 
by,  until  you  have  the  knot  of  your  towght  al- 
moil  to  the  middle  of  the  fliank  of  your  hook^ 
on  the  infide  of  it  ^  then  whip  your  filk  twice  oc 
thrice  about  both  book  and  line,  as  hard  as  (he 
ftrength  of  the  filk  will  permit ;    which  being 
done,  ftrip  the  feather  for  the  wings  proportion- 
able to  the  bignefs  of  your  fly,   placing  that 
fide  downwards  which  grew  uppermofl  before, 
upon  the  back  of  the  hook^    leaving  fo  much 
only  as  to  ferve  for  the  length  of  the  wing  of 
the  poi»t  of  the  plume,  lying  revcrfed  from  the 
end  of  the  ftiank  upwards ;    then  whip  your 
filk  twice  or  thrice  about  the  root- end  ot  the 

feather. 


fuAer^  hook,  and  towght  i  which  beii^  done^ 
clip  off  the  root  end  of  the  feather  xlofe  by  the 
snniog,  and  then  whip  the  filk  faft  and  &fn 
ftboi^  the  book  and  towght,  until  you  come  to 
the  bend  of  the  hook,  Qxt  not  further,  as  yoo 
do  ^tljQxdani  and  fo  make  a  very  unhandfoaie, 
and,  in  plain  Etiglifiy  a  vGry  unnatural  and  fl»^- 
lefs  fly  %  which  being  done,  cut  away  the  end 
of  your  towght,  and  faften  it,  and  then  take 
your  dubbing,  which  is  to  make  the  body  of 
your  By,  as  oiuch  as  you  think  convenietit^  and 
nc^ing  it  lightly  with  your  hook  betwixt  thj^ 
finger  and  thumb  of  your  left-hand,  take  yoor 
filk  with  the  right,  and  twilling  it  betwixt  the 
finger  and  thximb  of  that  hand,  the  dubbing  will 
ijpin  itfelf  about  the  iilk,  which  when  it  has  done^ 
whip  it  about  the  armed  book  backward,  till  you 
come  to  the  fetning  on  of  the  wings ;  and  then 
take  the  feather  for  the  wings,  and  divide  it  equat* 
]y  into  two  parts,  and  turn  tbem4>ack  towards  the 
^nd  of  the  hook,  the  one  on  the  one  fide,  and 
the  other  on  the  other  of  the  (hank,  holding  them 
fafl:  in  that  pofture  betwixt  the  fore-finger  and 
tliumb  of  your  left-hand;  which  done,  warp 
them  fodown  as  to  (land,  and  (lope  towards  the 
bend  of  the  hook ;  and  having  warped  up  to 
the  end  of  the  fliank,  hold  the  By  faft  betwixt 
the  finger  and  thumb  of  your  left-hand,  and 
then  take  the  Qlk  betwixt  the  finger  and  thumb 
of  your  right-hand,  and,  where  the  warping  ends, 
pinch  or  nip  it  with  your  thumb-nail  againft 
your  finger,  and  flrip  away  the  remainder  of 
your  dubbing  from  the  filk,  and  then  with  the 
bare  filk  whip  it  once  or  twice  about,  make  the 
wings  to  ftand  in  due  order,  faften,  and  cut  it  off; 

after 


V. 


Chap.  V.    ^Tfe  Complete  Akoibr.       3^7 

after  which,  with  the  point  of  a  needle,  raife  up 
the  dubbing  gently  from  the  warp,  twitch  off  the 
fuperfluous  hairs  of  your  dubbing,  kave  the 
wings  of  an  equal  length,  your  fly  will  never 
clfc  Iwim  true,  and  the  work  is  done.  And  this 
way  of  making  a  fly,  which  is  certainly  th(S 
bcft  of  all  other.  Was  taught  me  by  a  kinfman  of 
mine,  one  Captain  Henry  Jack/on^  a  near  neigh- 
bour, an  admirable  fly-angler,  by  many  de- 
grees the  bcft  fly-maker  that  ever  I  yet  met 
with  *•  And  now  that  I  have  told  you  how  a 
fly  is  to  be  made,  you  fliall  pfcfently  fee  me 
make  one,  with  which  you  may  peradventure 
take  a  Trout  this  morning,  notwithftanding  the 
unlikelinefs  of  the  day ;  for  it  is  now  iiine  of  the 
clock,  and  fi(h  will  begin  to  rife,  if  they  "will 
rife  to  day :  I  will  walk  along  by  you,  and  look 
on,  and  after  dinner  I  will  proceed  in  my  lec- 
ture of  fly-fi(hing. 

Viat.  I  confefs  I  long  to  be  at  the  river,  and 
yet  I  could  fit  here  all  day  to'  hear  you;  burr 
fome  of  the  one,  and  fomc  of  the  other,  .will  do 
well  5  and  I  have  a  mighty  ambition  to  cake  a 
Trout  in  your  river  Dove 

Pifcat.  I  warrant  you  fball :  I  would  not  fof 
more  than  I  will  fpcak  of  but  you  fhould,  feeing 
1  have  fo  extolled  my  river  to  you :  nay,  F  will 
keep  you  here  a  month,  but  you  fliall  have  one 
good  day  of  fpOrt  before  you  go* 

*  There  needs  nothing  tnore  befaid  of  thefe  dirediions, 
.  than  that  hondreds  have^  by  means  of  them  aloiie»  become 
excellent  f^y^^makers.  .   - 

For  making  a  palmer,  or  hackle,  fee  the  notes  on 
Chap..ViI. 

VidL 


/ 

jS  7**^  CoMPLET'E  ANGLER-     Part  Hi 

Fktt.  You  will  find  mr,  I  dcubc,  too  tradable 
that  way ;  for  in  good  earned,  if  buGnefs  would 
give  me  leave,  and  that  it  were  fit,  I  could 
find  in  my  heart  to  ftay  with  you  for  ever. 

PifcMt.  I  thank  you.  Sir,  for  that  kind  est- 
preflion  \  and  now  let  me  look  out  my  things 
to  make  this  fly. 


CHAP.    VL 

PiSCATOK. 

Boy,   come,   give  me   my  dubbing  bag 
here  prefently ;    and  now.    Sir,    fince  I 
find  you  fo  honeft  a  man,   I  will  make 
no  fcruple  to  lay  open  my  treafure  before  you. 

Viai.  Did  ever  any  one  fee  the  like !  what  a 
heap  of  trumpery  is  here !  certainly  never  an 
angler  in  Europe  has  his  (hop  half  fo  well  fur« 
nilhed  as  you  have. 

Pifcat.  You,  perhaps,  may  think  now,  that  I 
rake  together  this  trumpery,  as  you  call  it,. for 
ihew  only,  to  the  end  chat  fuch  as  fee  it,  which  are 
not  many  I  aflure  you,  may  think  me  a  great 
mafteri  n  the  art  of  angling :  but  let  me  tell  you, 
here  are  fome  colours,  as  contemptible  as  they 
fcem  here,  that  are  very  hard  to  be  got,  and 
fcarce  any  one  of  them,  which,  if  it  (hould  be 
loft,  I  (hould  not  mifs,  and  be  concerned  about 
the  lofsxj|Jt  too,  once  in  the  year ;  but  look  you< 
Sir,  amongft  all  thefe  I  will  chufe  out  thefe  two 
colours  only,  of  which  this  is  bear's  hair,  this 
I  <iarkip^ 


X 


Chap.  VI.    The  CoMptETE  Anoler.        39 

tiarker^  no  great  matrcr  what;  but  I  am  fure  I 
have  killed  a  great  deal  of  fifh  with  it ;  and  with 
t>ne  or  both  of  thefe  ybu  (hall  take  Trout  or 
Grayling  this  very  day,  notwithftanding  all  dif*« 
advantages^  or  my  art  (hall  fail  me. 

Viat.  You  promifc  comfortably,  and  I  have  a 
great  deal  of  reafon  to  believe  every  thing  you 
fay ;  but  I  wifli  the  fly  were  made^  that  we  were 
at  it. 

Pifiai.  That  will  not  b^  long  in  doing :  and 
pray  obferve  then.  You  fee  firft  how  I  hold  my 
hook,  and  thus  I  begin.  Look  you,  here  are 
my  firft  two  or  three  whips  jabout  the  bare  hook; 
thus  I  join  hook  and  line ;  thirs  I  put  on  my^ 
things ;  thusi  twir)  and  lap  on  my  dubbing )  thu» 
t  work  it  up  towards  the  head  i  thus  I  part  my 
Wings ;  thus  I  nip  my  fuperfluous  dubbing  from 
tnyUlk;  thusfaften;  thus  trim  and  adjuft  my 
fiy,  and  there's  a  fly  made ;  and  now  iiow  do 
you  like  it? 

.  Viat.  la  earncfl,  admirably  well,  and  it  per- 
feftly  refembles  a  fly  5  but  we  about  London^ 
tnake  the  bodies  of  oiar  flies  both  much  bigger 
and  longer,  fo  long,  as  even  almoft  to  the  very 
beard  of  the  hook. 

Pifcai^  I  know  it  very  well,  and  had  one  of 
thofe  flics  given  me.  by  an  honeft  gentleman,  who 
canle  with  my  father  tValton  to  give  me  a  vifit  % 
which^  to  tell  you  the  truth,  I  hung  in  my  par- 
lour window  to  laugh  at :  1but,  Sir,  you  know 
the  proverb,  "  They  who  go  to  Romey  muft  do 
•*  as  they  ziRome  do  ^"  and  believe  me,  you  muft 
here  make  your  flics  after  this  fafhion,  or  you  will 
take  no  fifh.  Come^  I  will  look  you  out  a  line, 
and  you  fhall  put  it  on,  and.  try  it.^  There,  Sir, 

D  d  now 


40  Tbi  CoMVLzrz  A^tiiJLVi.    PartIL 

now  I  chink  you  are  fitted ;  and  now  beyond  the 
farther  end  of  the  walk  you  (hall  be^in :  I  fee  at 
that  bend  of  the  water  above»  the  atr  crifps  the 
water  a  little ;  knit  your  line  firft  here,  and  then 
go  up  thither,  and  fee  what  you  can  do. 

Fiai.  Did  you  fee  that.  Sir. 

Pi/cai.  Yes,  I  faw  the  filh,  and  he  law  you 
too,  which  made  him  turn  ibort^  you  muft.fiih 
further  oflf,  if  you  intend  to  have  any  fport  here  % 
this  is  no  New-Rhir^  let  me  tell  you.  That  was 
a  good  Trout,  believe  me ;  did  you  touch  him  ? 

yiaL  No,  1  would  I  bad,  we  would  not  have 
parted  fo.  Look  you,  there  was  another  %  this 
is  an  excellent  fly. 

Pifcaf.  That  fly,  I  am  fure,  would  kill  filh,  if 
the  day  were  right ;  but  they  only  chew  at  it,  I 
fee,  and  will  not  take  it.  Come,  Sir,  let  us  return 
hack  to  the  flfhing-houfe;  this  ftill  water  I  fee 
will  not  do  our  bufinefs  to-day ;.  you  (hall  now,  if 
you  pleafe,  make  a  fly  yourfclf  •,  and  try  what 
you  can  do  in  the  flreams  with  that ;  and  I  know 
a  Trout  taken  with,  a  fly  of  your  own  makingt 
will  pleafe  you  better  than  twenty  with  one  of 


*  To  make  a  fly  is  fo  cflential,  that  he  hardly  delcrvei 
rhe  name  of  an  angler  who  cannot  do  it.  There  are  many 
who  wilt  go  to  a  tackle-fliop,  and  tell  the  mafter  of  it^  a« 
Dapper  does  SmhtU^  in  the  JUbmifif  that  they  ntoamt  t^fy  \ 
fox  which  they  have  a  thing  put  into  their  hands,  that  woSld 
pofe  a  naturalift  to  find  a  refemblance  for  :  thoagh,  whem 
particular  dlirc£tion»  hare  been  given,  I. have  known  diem 
excellently  made  by  Mr.  ^«6ii  HtrUt  of  Bili-yMrdt  near 
Tempk-ifor^  London.  But  do  thoa«  my  honeft  friend,  leant 
to  make  thy  own  Aies  ;  and  be  aiTured,  that  in  colleding 
and  arranging  the  materials,  and  imitating  the  varions 
ihapes  and  colours  of  thefe  admirable  creature^t  there  it 
Utile  left  pleafure  than  even  in  catching  £ih*  . 

5  mine. 


Chap.  VI.    The  Complete  Angler.       41 

mine. .  Give  me  that  bag  again*  fifrah )  look 
you.  Sir,  ther^  is  a  hook,  towght,  filk,  and  n 
feather  for  the  wings  \  be  doing  with  thofe,  and 
I  will  look  you  ouc  a  dubbing,  that  I  think  wili 
do. 

ViiU.  This  is  a  very  little  hook. 

Pifcat.  That  may  fcrvc  to  inform  you,  that  ic 
is  for  a  very  little  fly,  and  you  muft  make  your 
wings  accordingly  ;  for  as  the  cafe  ftands,  it  muft 
be  a  little  6y,  and  a  very  little  one  too,  that 
muft  do  your  butinefs^  W^ll  faid  J  believe  me 
you  fhift  your  fingers  very  handfomely  ;  I  doubt 
1  have  taken  upon  me  to  teach  my  matter.  So, 
jiere*s  your  dubbing  now. 

Fiat.  This  dubbing  is  very  black. 

Pifcat.  It  appears  fo  in  hand  ;  but  ftep  to  the 
door  and  hold  it  up  betwixt  yotir  eye  and  the  fun, 
and  it  will  appear  a  (hining  red  ;  let  me  tell  you, 
never  a  man  in  England  can  difcern  the  true  co- 
lour of  a  dubbing  any  way  but  that,  and  therer 
fore  chufe  always  to  make  your  flies  on  fuch  a 
bright  fun-lhine  day  as  this,  which  alfo  you  may 
the  better  do,  becaufe  it  is  worth  nothing  tofilh 
in  :  here,  put  it  on,  and  be  fure  to  make  the  body 
of  your  fly  as  flendcr  as  you  can.  Very  good  ! 
upon  my  word  you  have  a  made  a  marveUous. 
handfome  fly  1     -        . 

Viat.  I  am  very  ^lad  to  hear  it  -,  Vis  the  firft 
that  ever  I  made  of  this  kind  in  my  life. 

Pifcat.  Away,  away  !  You  are  a  doftor  at  it  \ 
but  1  will  not  commend  you  too  much,  left  I 
make  you  proud.  Come,  put  it  on,  and  you  (hall 
now  go  downward  to  fome  ilreams  betwixt  the 
rocks  below  the  little  foot-bridge  you  fee  there, 
and  try  your  fortune.    Take  heed  of  flipping 

D  d  2     '  into 


4«         ne  CoUPLTLTz  AtidLtK.    F*tK 

Mico  the  water  as  you  follow  me  under  this  rock 
foy  now  you  are  over,  and  now  throw  in. 

Fiat.  This  is  a  fine  ftream  indeed  r  there's 
one !  I  have  hinr. 

Pifiai.  And  a  precious  catch  you  have  of  him  5 
pull  him  out !  I  fee  you  have  a  tender  hand : 
this  is  a  diminutive  gentleman^e'en  throw  him  ia 
again,  and  let  him  grow  till  he  be  more  worthy 
your  anger. 

Fiai.  Pardon  me.  Sir,  all^s  fifli  that  corner 
to  the  hook  with  me  now.     Another  I 

Pifcat,  And  of  the  fame  (landing. 

Via$.  I  fee  I  (hall  have  good  fport  now :  ano^ 
iher  \  and  aGraylit^.  Why  you  have  fi(h  here 
at  will. 

Pi/cat.  Come,  come,  crofs  the  bridge,  and  go 
down  the  other  fide  lower«  where  you  will  find 
finer  dreams,  and  better  fport,  I  hope,  than  thisv 
Look  you.  Sir,  here  is  a  fine  ftream  now,  yoa 
have  length  enough,  ftand  a  little  further  off, 
let  me  entreat  you,  and  do  but  filh  this  ftream 
like  an  artift,  and  peradventure  a  good  fi(h  may 
fall  to  your  ihare.  How  now !  what  is  aU 
gone  i 

Viat.  No,  I  but  touch'd  him  ;  but  that  was  a 
filh  worth  taking* 

Pifcai.  Why  now,  let  me  tell  you,  you  loft  that 
fi(h  by  your  own  fault,  and  through  your  own 
cagcrnefs  and  hafte  •,  for  you  are  never  to  offer  to 
ftrike  a  good  fifh,  if  he  do  not  ftrike  himfel'f, 
till  firft  you  fee  him  turn  his  head  after  he  ha& 
taken  your  fly,  and  then  you  can  never  ftrain 
your  tackle  in  the  ftriking,  if  you  ftrike  with  any 
manner  of  moderation.  Come,  throw  in  once 
again,  and  fiih  me  this  ftream  by  inches ;  for  I 
6  .  aflure 


y 


/ 


rUt*  XI7.i>  Ft  At  JW'  ^-•<  Viv*  !!• 


rob  ;  JLccorilm^  toA^t  ot'  briiam  ^i^jg 


I.  VL     TfeCOMPf-ETE    ANGtER.        43 

aflure  you^  here  are  very  good  fiOi;  both  Trour 
and  Qxayling,  lie  here^  and  at  that  great  ftone 
on  the  other  fide,  'tis  tea  to  one  a  good  Trout 
jgives  you  the  meeting. 

Viat.  I  have  him  now,  but  he  is  gone  dowa 
towards  the  bottom ;  I  cannot  fee  what  he  is^ 
^et  he  ihould  be  a  good  &(h  by  his  weight  i  but 
ht  makes  no  great  ftir. 

Pifcat.  Why  then,  by  what  you  fay,  I  dai« 
.ventur^  taajTure  you,  'tis  a  Grayling,  who  is  one 
of  the  deadeft-hearted  fiQies  in  the  world,  and 
the  bigger  he  is  the  more  eaGly  taken.  Look 
you,  now  you  fee  him  plain ;  I  told  you  whac 
he  was;  bring  hither  that  landing-net,  boy$ 
and  now.  Sir,  he  is  your  own ;  and  believe  me 
a  good  one,  fixt^en  inches  long  I  warrant  him ; 
I  have  taken  mone  fuch  this  year. 

Viat^  I  never  fa w  a  Grayling  before  look  fa 
black. 

P//J:.  Did  you  not  ?  why  then  Jet  me  ts\\  you» 
that  you  never  faw  one  before  in  right  feafon  : 
for  then  a  Grayling  is  very  black  about  his  head, 
^ills,  and  down  his  back,  and  has  his  belly  of  a 
idark  grey,  dappled  with  black  fpots,  as  you  fe^ 
this  is;  and  1  am  apt  to  conclude,  that  from 
thence  he  derive^  his  name  of  Umber.  Though 
}  mud  tell  you,  this  fi(h  m  paft  his  prime,  and 
begins  to  decline,  and  was  in  better  feafon  at 
Chriftmas  \\\9kn  he  is  qow.  3ut  move  on,  for  it 
grows  tQward$  dinner-time,  and  there  is  a  very 
great  and  fine  ftream  below,  unckr  that  rock, 
{hat  fills  the  deepcft  pool  in  all  the  rivtr,  whcr« 
you  are  almoft  fare  of  a  good  fifli.  , 

Viat.  Let  him  cooie,  1*11  try  a  fall  with  him  ; 
b^t  I  h^d  thoMghc,  that  the  Qrayling  had  been 

P  d  3  always 


'44         ^be  CoMPL^ri  AnotUKi    Part  II. 

always  in  feafon  with  the  Trout,  luid  had  come 
in  and  gone  out  with  him. 

Pifc.  Oh  no !  afiiire  yourfelf  a  Grayling  is  a 
winter-fiib ;  but  fuch  a  one  as  would  deceive  any 
but  fuch  as  know  him  very  well  indeed,  for  his 
Bdhy  even  in  his  word  feafon,  is  fo  firm,  aad 
will  fo  eafily  calver,  that  in  plain  truth  he  is  very 
good  meat  at  all  times ;  but  in  his  perfed  feafon, 
which,  by  the  way,  none  but  an  over-grown 
Grayling  will  ever  be,  I  think  him  fo  good  a  fi(h 
as  €0  be  little  inferior  to  the  beft  Trout  that  ever 
I  tafted  in  my  life. 

yiaf.  Here's  another  (kip-jack,  and  I  have 
raifed  five  or  fix  more  at  leaft  whilft  you  were 
fpeaking :  well,  go  thy  way  little  Dove  /  thou 
art  the  fineft  river  that  ever  I  faw,  and  the 
fulleft  of  Bfh.  Indeed,  Sir,  I  like  it  fo  well, 
that  I  am  afraid  you  will  be  troubled  with  me 
Once  a  year,  fo  long  as  we  two  live. 

Pifi.  I  am  afraid  I  ihall  not.  Sir;  but  were 
you  once  hero  a  May  or  a  Jumy  if  good  fport 
would  tempt  you,  I  (hould  then  expcdt  you 
would  fomecimes  fee  me;  for  you  would  thea 
fay  it  were  a  fine  river  indeed,  if  you  had  once 
feen  the  fport  at  the  height. 

Viat.  Which  I  will  do,  if  I  live,  and  that 
you  pleafe  to  give  me  leave :  there  was  one,  and 
there  another. 

Pifc.  And  all  this  in  a  ttrzn&c  river,  and 
with  a  fly  of  your  own  making!  why  what  a 
dangerous  man  are  you ! 

y$ai.  I,  Sir,  but  who  taught  me  ?  and  as 
Damaia^  fays  by  hi$  man  Darus^  fo  you  may  fay 
by  me, 


Ch^.  VL  Ybe  Complete  Anolir.       45 


*If  mj  man  fucb  praifes  have 


What  thin  have  /,  thai  taught  the  knave  ♦  ? 

But  what  have  we  got  here  ?  a  rock  fpringing 
up  in  the  middle  of  the  river  !  this  is  one  of  the 
oddeft  fights  that  ever  I  faw. 

PHc.  Why,  Sir,  from  that  pike  f,  that  you 
fee  (landing  up  there  diftant  from 
the  rock,  this  is  called  PikcPool:  t  !i"A'.r 
and  young  Mr.  JJfJwc  WaUim  was  ^  ^,;^  -ftitpU,^ 
fo  pleafed  with  it,  as  to  draw  it  in  «w  almoft  aia 
landfcape  in  black  and  white,  in  %•  ^^  ftandt, 
a  blank  book  I  have  at  home,  as  ';ijX,,%i,'/, 
he  has  done  feveral  profpeds  of  my  and  not  far  frm 
houfe  alfo,  which  I  keep  for  a  me-  Mr.  Cotton 'i 
morial  of  his  favour,  and  will  (hew  ^«>»  ^'^^ 
you  when  wc  come  up  to  dinner.      ^tJ   Jt"r 

iokis  a/wift  tariir  btt^xt  maw^  ^gh*J  recist  much  highir 
smd  higgir  ibam  St.  Paul'i  church,  hi/ore  it  was  hurnt.  And 
this  Dove  hiing  offofed  hj  cm  of  thi  highefi  of  them,  has,  at 
lafi,  forced  itfilf  aiway  through  it ;  anm  ajfter  a  mile^s  conceal- 
mint,  Mf fears  agata  ^th  morg  glory  aad  beauty  than  heforf 
fhmt  oppifitiou,  funning  through  the  mofi  pleafant  vaUeyfi  ^f^d 
m^  fruitful  meadotims  thai  this  nation  caujuftly  boafi  of 

Via(.  f las  youfig  mafter  Ifaac  Jf^alfan  been 
here  too  ? 

Pifc.  Yes,  marry  has  he,  Sir,  and  that  again, 
and  again  too,  and  in  Frfince  Once,  and  at  Rome^ 
and  ac  Venice^  and  1  can't  tell  where :  but  I  in- 
tend to  aik  him  a  great  many  hard  que(lion9  fo 
foon  as  1  can  fee  him,  which  will  be,  God  will- 
ing, next  month.  In  the  mean  cin^e,  Sir,  to 
come  to  this  fine  dream  at  (he  head  of  (l^is  great 

*  Sidn0yh  Arcadia. 

P  d  4  pool. 


a6         7'ie  CoMPtETE  Angler.    Part  IL 

pool,  you  muft  venture  over  thefc  flippery,  cob- 
Jing  (tones }  believe  me.  Sir»  there  you  were 
nimble,  or  elfe  you  had  been  down;  but  no>y 
you  are  got  over,  look  to  yourfelf :  for,  on  my 
word,  if  a  Bfli  rife  here,  he  is  like  to  be  fuch  a 
one  as  will  endanger  your  tackle:  how  now  ! 

Fiaf.  I  think  you  have  fuch  command  here} 
over  the  filhes,  that  you  can  raifc  them  by  youc 
'word,  as  they  fay  conjurers  can  do  fpirits,  an^ 
afcerward  make  them  do  what  you  bid  them ; 
for  here's  a  Trout  has  taken  my  ^y,  I  had  rathec 
have  loft  a  crown.  What  luck's  this !  he  was  a 
lovely  filh,  and  turned  up  a  fide  like  a  Salmon.  ' 

Pifc.  O  Sir,  this  is  a  war  where  you  fomc- 
timcs  win,  and  muft  fometimes  expcdt  to  lofe. 
Never  concern  yourfelf  for  the  lofs  of  your  fly, 
for  ten  to  one  I  teach  you  to  make  a  better.' 
Who's  that  calls  ?    ' 

Serv.  Sir,  will  it  pleafc  you  to  come. to  dinner  ? 

Pifc.  We  come.  You  hear,  Sir,  we  are  called, 
?nd  now  take  your  choice,  whether  you  will 
climb  this  fteep  hill  before  you,  from  the  top  of  . 
which  you  will  go  diredlly  into  the  houfe,  oi 
back  again  over  thefe  ftepping-ftones,  and  about 
^y  the  bridge.  •  ,       • 

Vial.  Nay,  fure,  the  neareft  way  is  beft ;  at 
leaft  my  ftomach  tells  me  fo;  an4  I  am  now  fd 
well  acquainted  with  your  rocks,  that  I  fear 
them  not, 

Pffc.  Come  then,  follow  me  j  and  fo  fopn  as 

we  have  dined,  we  will  down  again  to  the  little 

fioufe,  where  I  will  begih  at  the  place  1  left  oflF^ 

about  fly. fifhing,  and  read  you  another  lefture; 

for  I  have  a  great  deal  more  to  fay  upon  that 
fubjed.    '     ?      ■— '     ': 

'  ^^    '  Fiat. 


Chap. Vll.  ^i^ Complete  Arc LER.       4f 

Viat.  The  more  the  better;  I  could  nevcp 
have  met  with  a  more  obliging  mafter,  my  firft 
excepted  ;  nor  fuch  fport  can  all  the  rivers  about 
f^oftdon  ever  afiord,  as  is  to  be  found  in  thi$ 
pretty  river. 

'  Pifc.  You  dcferve  to  have  better,  both  be* 
caufe  I  fee  yovi  are  willing  to  take  pains,  and  foe 
liking  this  little  fo  well ;  and  better  I  hope  tq 
ihcw  you  (before  we  pare. 


■■ 


CHAP.    VII. 

Y  X  A  T  O  R. 

COME,  Sir,  haying  now  well  dined,  and 
being  again  fet  in  your  little  houfe,  I  will, 
now  challenge  your  promife,  and  intreac 
you  to  proceed  in  your  inftrudlion  for  fly-lifhing,- 
yrhich,  that  you  may  ,be  the  better  encouraged 
to  do,  I  will  aflure  you,  that  I  have  not  loft,  I 
t^ink,  one  fyllable  of  what  you  have  told  me  ; 
but  very  well  retain  all  your  direftions  both  for 
the  rod,  line,  and  making  a  fly,  and  now  defire 
an  account  of  the  flies  themfeives. 
.  Pifc.  Why,  Sir,  I  am  ready  to  give  it  you, 
and  (hall  have  the  whole  afternoon  to  do  k  in, 
(f  nobody  come  in  to  interrupt  us;  for  yoj  muft 
know,  befides  the  unfltnefs  of  the  day,  that  the 
afternoons,  fo  early  in  Marcbj  fignify  very  little 
to  angling  ^ith  a  fly,  though  with  a  minnow, 
or  a  worm,  ibmething  might,  I  confefs,  be 
done. 

To 


'4S        the  CoMPLzirt  knot Evt.    Fart  III 

To  begin  then  whetc  I  left  off-,  my  father 
H^allcn  idis  us  but  of  twelve  artificial  flies  to 
auiigle  with  at  the  [top,  and  gives  their  names  i 
of  which  fooie  are  common  with  us  here ;  and  I 
think  I  guefs  at  mod  of  them  by  his  defcription^ 
and  I  beliere  they  all  breeds  and  are  taken  in 
ODr  rivers,  though  we  do  not  make  them  either 
of  the  fame  dubbing  or  fafliion.  And  it  may 
be  in  the  rivers  about  Londonj  which  I  prefume 
he  has  moft  frequented,  and  where  'tis  likely  he 
lias  done  moft  execution,  there  is  not  much  no- 
tice taken  of  many  more :  but  we  are  acquainted 
with  feveral  others  here,  though  perhaps  I  may 
reckon  fome  of.  his  by  other  names  too  \  but  if 
I  do,  I  fhall  make  you  amends  by  an  addition 
to  his  catalogue.  And  althpugh  the  forenamed 
great  mafter  in  the  art  of  angling,  for  fo  in 
tn^fh  he  is,  tells  you  that  no  man  fhoutd  in  ho- 
licfty  catch  a  Trout  till  the  middle  of  Marcb^ 
yet  I  hope  he  will  give  a  man  leave  fooner  to 
take  a  Gravling,  which,  as  I  told  you,  is  in  the 
dead  montns  in  his  befl:  feafon  \  and  do  aflfure 
you,  which  I  remember  by  .a  very  remarkable 
token,  1  did  once  take  upon  the  fixtb  day  of 
Deiember  one,  and  only  one,  of  the  biggeft  Gray- 
lings  and  the  beft  in  feafon,  that  ever  I  yet  faw 
or  tafted  ;  and  do  ufually  take  Trouts  too,  and 
^h  a  fly,  not  only  before  the  middle  of  this 
month,  but  almoft  every  year  in  February^  un^ 
kls  it  be  a  very  ill  fpring  indeed  ;  and  have  fome-i 
times  in  January^  fo  early  as  Nexv-year^s-tide^  and 
in  froft  andfnow  taken  Grayling  in  a  warm  fun- 
ihine  day  for  an  hour  or  two  about  noon  -,  and  ta 
fi(h  for  him  with  a  grub  it  is  then  the  belt  un$e 

I 


Chap.  VIL   T'be  Complete  Angler.    4^ 

I  {hall  therefore  begin  my  fly-fiihing  with 
that  month,  thoUgh  I  confcfs  very  few  begin  fa 
foon,  and  that  fuch  as  are  fo  fond  of  the  fporc 
as  to  embrace  all  opportunities,  can  rarely  in 
chat  month  find  a  day  fit  for  their  purpofe,  and 
till  yoUt  that  upon  my  knowledge  thefe  flies  ia 
a  warm  fun,  for  an  hour  or  two  in  the  day,  are 
certainly  uken. 

JANUARY. 

1.  A  Red  Browk,  with  wings  of  the  male  of 
a  mallard  almoft  white  :  the  dubbing  of  the  tail 
of  a  black  long  coated  cur,  fuch  as  they  com- 
monly make  muflfs  of  -,  for  the  hair  on  the  tail  of 
fuch  a  dog  dies  and  turns  to  a  red  brown,  but 
the  hair  of  a  fmooth-coated  dog  of  the  fame 
colour  will  not  do,  becaufe  it  will  not  die,  but 
retains  its  natural  colour,  and  this  fly  is  taken  in 
a  warm  fun,  this  whole' month  through. 

2.  There  is  alfo  a  very  little  Bright  Ditn- 
Gnat,  as  little  as  can  poflibly  be  made,  fo  little  as 
never  to  be  filhed  with^  with  above  one  hair  next 
the  hook ;  and  this  is  to  be  made  of  a  mixt  dub- 
bing of  marten's  furr,  ^nd  the  white  of  a  hareV 
fcuc,  with  a  very  white  and  fmall  wing ;  and' 
Yis  no  great  matter  how  fine  you  fifli,  for  no- 
thing will  rife  in  this  month  but  a  Grayling,  and 
of  them  I  never,  at  this  feafon,  law  any  taken 
with  a  fly,  of  above  a  foot  long  in  my  life :  but 
of  little  ones  about  the  bignefs  of  a  Smelt,  in  a 
warm  day,  and  a  glowing  fun,  you  tpay  rake 
enough  with  thefe  two  flies,  and  they  are  both 
t^ken  the  whole  month  through. 

V 

F  E- 


gp        the  CoMPLSTE  Anclbr.    Paitll; 

FEBRUARY. 

1.  Where  the  red-brown  of  the  !aft  montH 
ends,  another  almoft  of. the  faa>e  colour  begins^ 
with  (his  faving,  that  the  dubbing  of  this  muljb 
{>e  of  fomcthing  a  blacke)-  colour,  and  both  of 
|hem  warpt  on  with  red  (ilk  \  the  dubbing  that 
(hould  make  this  Qy,  and  that  is  the  trueft  co- 
lour, is  to  be  got  off  the  black  Q>oc  of  a  hog's 
ear :  not  that  a  black  (pot  in  aiiy  part  of  the 
iiog  will  not  afford  the  fame  colour ;  but  that 
the  hair  in  that  place  is,  by  many  degrees,  fofter^ 
and  more  fit  for  the  purpofe  :  his  wing  muft;  be 
as  the  other,  and  this  kills  aU  this  n^ontht  a^d  is 
called  the  leffer  red-brown. 

2.  This  month  alfo  a  Plasm  Hackle  (f ),  or 
"^palmer-Hy   made   with   a  rough   black  body, 

cither  of  black  fpaniel's  furr,  or  the  whirl  of  an 
oftrich  feather,  and  the  red  hackle  of  a  capon 
over  all,  will  kill,  and  if  the  weather  be  righc, 
make  very  good  fport. 

3.  Alio  a  Lesser  Hackle,  with  a  black: 
body  alio,  filver  twift  over  chat,  and  rrcd  feather 
over  all,  will  fill  your  pannier  if  the  month  be 
open,  and  not  bound  up  in  ice  and  fnow,  witb 
very  good  fi(h  ;  but  in  cafe  of  a  froft  and  fnow^ 
you  are  to  angle  only  with  the  fmalleft  gnats^ 
browxu  and  duns,  you  can  n^ake,  and  with  tho(^ 

VARIATIONS. 

The  author  it  now  in  the  month  of  Ftbruary^  dfuipi; 
v^hichafc  taken,  the 

(j)  Plain  Hackle  ;  which  we  would  recommend  to  be 
made  of  black  oft  rich  herl  Warped,  or  tied  down  to  the 
<l4ibbiog  with  red  £lk,  and  a  redxock's  hacjUe  over  all.   , 

aro 


Chap.  VIL  fh  CoirfptEtE  Angler;     $i 

are  only  to  expcd  Graylings  no  bigger  thaii 
Sprats. 

4.  In  this  month,  upon  3  whirling  round' 
water,  we  have  a  Great  Hackee,  the  body 
black,  and  wrapped  with  a  red  feather  of  a  capon 
untrimmed ;  that  is,  the  whole  length  of  thef 
hackle  daring  out  v  for  we  fometimes  barb  the 
hackle -feather  fhort  all  over^  fometimes  barb  it 
only  a  little,  and  fometimes  barb  it  clofe  under- 
neath, leaving  the  whole  length  of  the  feather 
on  the  top,  or  back  of  the  fly,  which  makes 
it  fwim  better,  and,  as  occafion  ferves,  kills 
very  great  fi(b. 

5*  We  make  ufe  alfo,  in  this  month,  of  ano- 
ther great  hackle,  the  body  black,  and  ribbed 
over  with  gold  twift,  and  a  red  feather  over  all  y 
which  alfo  does  great  execution  (2). 

6.  Alfo  a  Great  Dun,  made  with  dun 
bear's  hair,  and  the  wings  of  the  grey  feather  of 
a  mallard  near  unto  his  tail ;  which  is  abfolutely 
the  beft  fly  can  be  thrown  upon  a  river  this 
month,  and  with  which  an  angler  Ihall  have 
admirable  fport-  ^ 

7.  We  have  alfo  this  month  the  Great 
Blue  Dun,  the  dubbing  of  the  bottom  of  bear's 
hair  next  to  the  roots,  mixt  with  a  little  blue 
camlet,  the  wings  of  the  dark  grey  feather  of  a 
mallard. 

VARIATIONS. 

(2)  GdLi^-twisa'  Hackle  ;  the  fame  dubbings  warp* 
ing  and  hackle,  with  gold-twi^. 

N.  B.   The/e  hackles  are  taken  chiejlj  from  nine  to  tk'ven 
in  the  mornings  and  from  one  to  three  in  the  afternoon, 
They  *wiU  do  for  any  month  in  the  year  %  and  upon  any 
,        wafer^ 

8.  We 


$t  Tliv  CoMPLETB  Akolcr.    Pait  IL 

Ss  We  have  alfo  this  monih  a  DARK-BR6wir^ 
the  dubbing  of  a  brown  hair  off  the  flank  of  a 
brended  cow,  and  the  wings  of  the  grey  drake's 
feather. 

And  note,  that  theie  fevefal  hackles^  or  pal« 
mer-flies,  are  fome  for  one  water,  and  one  (ky^ 
and  fome  for  another,  and  according  to  the 
change  of  chofe,  we  alter  their  fize  and  colour  i 
and  note  alfo,  that  both  in  this,  and  all  other 
months  of  the  year,  when  you  do  not  certainly 
know  what  fly  is  taken,  or  cannot  fee  any  fiih 
to  rife,  you  are  then  to  put  on  a  fmali  hackle, 
if  the  water  be  clear,  or  a  bigger,  jf  fomething 
dark,  until  you  have  taken  one;  and  then 
thrufting  your  fin^r  through  his  gills,  to  pull 
out  his  gorge,  which  being  opened  with  your 
knife,  you  will  then  difcover  what  fly  is  tskeo^ 
and  may  fit  yourfelf  accordingly^   . 

For  the  making  of  a  hackle,  or  palmer  fly, 
my  father  fTaltan  has  already  given  you  fuffi* 
cient  direAion  *. 

MARCH. 


^  Bot,  with  }tf.  CetipnU  good  leare»  he  has  not»  wSt  has 
any  author,  that  I  know  o^  unlefs  we  are  to  take  tb^t  (ot 
s  palmery  which  fVuiton .  has  given  diredlionft  for  making 
page  111;  which  1  can  never  do  till  I  fee»  what  I  hav« 
never  yet  Teen,  <sva;.  Caterpillars  with  wings.  R«>je^ing, 
therefore,  wings  as  nnaatoral  and  abfurd  ;  fappofing  yoa 
would  make  the  plain  hackle  or  palmer,  which  are  terms  of 
the  fame  import,  the  method  of  doing  it  is  as  follows,  o/is* 

Hold  your  hook  in  a  horizontal  pofition,  with  the  Ihank 
downwards,  and  the  bent  of  it  between  the  fore-finger  and 
ahumb  of  your  left  hand  \  and,  having  a  fine  briftle,  and 
other  materials,  lying  by  you,  take  half  a  yard  of  fine  red 
marking- filk,  well  waxed,  and,  with  your  right  hand,  givie 
it  four  or  five  turns  about  the  Ihank  of  the  hook,  inclining 
the  torus  to  the  right  hand :  -when  yoo  are  near  the  end  of 

the 


r    -m. 


Chap.  VII.   Ti^CoJAP%ZTB  AuvLtfL^       5j 

MARCH. 

For  this  month  you  are  to  uFe  all  the  faiiic 
hackles,  and  flies  with  the  other,  but  you  are 
to  make  them  Id's. 

I .  We  have  befides  for  th»  month  a  little 
Dun  calied  a  Whirling  Dun  (3),  though  it  U 
not  the  Whirling  Dun  indeed,  which  is  one  of  the 
beft  flies  we  have,  and  for  this  the  dubbiag  mud: 
be  of  the  bottom  furr  of  a  fquirrel's  tail,  and 
the  wing  of  the  grey  feather  of  a  drake. 

2.  Alib 

the  fliMiky  turn  it  into  fildi  a  loop  as  yott  are  hereafter  di« 
fe^ed  to  make  for  faftening  oiF,  and  draw  it  tigbt*  leaving 
the  ends  of  the  filk  to  hang  down  at  each  end  of  the  hook* 
HaVtng  iinged  the  end  of  your  briftle,  lay  the  fanse  along  oii 
the  inude  of  the  (hank  of  the  hook^  as  tow  as  the  ben^ 
^md  whio  four  or  ive  times  roand ;  then  tinging  the  other 
end  of  the  briftle  to  a  fit  length,  turn  it  over  to  the  back^tf 
theihank,  and,  pinching  it  into  a  proper  form,  whip^'down 
ftnd  faftcn  off,  as  befope  direded  $  which  wif!  bring  botk 
«Bd3  of  the  fiUc  into  the  beiH.    After  you  have  waxM  yonr 

filk 

VARIATIONS. 

(3)  GaaAT  Whirling  Dum.  Dob  with  fox  cvb,  or 
l^uirrel's-furr«  well  mixed  with  about  a  iixth  part  of  the 
£neii  hog^s-wool.  warp  with  pale  orange>wiogs,  very  lar^c^ 
/aken  from  the  quill -feather  of  a  ruddy  hen,  the  head  lo  he 
.fadetied  with  aih-colour  filki  a  red  cock's  hackle,  at  f«H 
lengthj  may  be  wrapped  under  the  wings,  and  a  turn  or 
two  lower  towards  the  tail. 

7'ijs  is  a  killing  fy^  and  is  io  he /em  rifing  out  of  the  fei^ 
in  moft  Trout  river s^  late  in  the  evenings  Jeldom  hefore fuU'Jet, 
and  cotttinujs  on  thi  njjater  till  midnight^  or  after*  //  is  found 
fnojl  of  the  avarm  monihi  ;  but  kills  chiffy  iu  a  hlujlerittg  nwMtm 
£*vtning^  frc^m  the  middle  ^May  to  the  end  £/* July- 


^4  yi^  CoMPtBTE  Anglfr.     Pajt  lli 

2.  Alfo  a  Bright  Brown,  the  dubbing  either 
of  the  brown  of  ^  fpanie)^  or  that  of  a  cow's 
flank,  with  a  grey  wing; 

3.  Alfd 

filk  again,  take  three  or  four  (iramk-d^  ad  oftrich  feather, 
and  holding  them,  and  the  bent  of  the  hook  as  at  firft  di- 
rtGtedf  the  feathers  to  yoar  left  hand,  and  the  roots  in  tht 
bent  of  your  hook,  with  that  end  of  the  iilk  which  you  jaU 
row  waxed^  whip  them  three  or  four  times  round,  and 
faften  off:  then  turning  the  feathers  to  the  right,  and 
twifting  tfaein  and  the  filk  with  yotu  forefio|er  and  thuriib^ 
wind  them  round  the  (hank  of  the  hook,  ftilT  fupplying  the 
ihort  ftrands  with  new  ones,  as  they  fai],  till  yocl  come  to, 
the  end  and  fallen  off.  When  you  have  fo  done,  dtp  off 
the  ends  of  the  feathers,  and  trim  the  body  oPthe  palmo* 
fmall  at  the  extreraiues,  and  full  in  the  middle^  and  wax 
both  ends  of  your  filk,  which  &re  now  divided  and  lie  at 
fither  end  of  the  hook. 

Lay  your  work  by  you,  and  taking  a  (Irong  bold  hackle^ 
with  fibres  about  half  an  inch. long,  flraiteu  the  ilem  very 
carefully,  and  holding  the  fmall  end  between  the  fore-finge^ 
and  thumb  of  your  left  hand,  with,  thofe  of  the  right,  firoak 
the  fibres  the  contrary  way  to  that  which  th^y  naturally  lie  ; 
and  taking  the  hook,  and  holding  it  as  before,  lay  the  point 
of  the  hackle  into  the  bent  of  the  hook  with  the  hollow, 
which  is  the  paleft  fide,  upwards,  and  whip  it  very  faft  td 
its  place  :  in  doing  whereof^  be  cai'efuf  not  to  tie  in  many 
pf  the  fibres ;  or  if  you  (bou Id  chance  to  do  fo,  pick  thelU 
out  with  the  point  of  a  very  large  needle. 

When  the  hackle  is  thus  made  fail,  the  utmoU  care  atu! 
nicety  is  necelTary  in  winding  it  on ;  for  if  you  fail  in  this,' 
yottr  fly  is  fpoiled,  and  you  mud  begin  all  again  ;  to  pre- 
vent which,  keeping  the  b6)Iow  or  pale  fide  to  your  left 
hand,  and^  as  much  as  pofiible^  the  fide  of  the  fiem  down 
on  the' dubbing,  wind  the  hackle  twice  round,  and  holding 
fad  what  yon  have  fo  wound,  pick  out  the  loofe  fibres,* 
which  you  may  have  taken  in,  and  make  another  turn :  then 
lay  hold  of  the  hackle  with  the  third  and  fourth  fingers  of 
your  left  hand,  with  which  you  may  extend  it  while  yott 
difengage  the  loofe  fibres  as  before. 

in 


Cliap.VlI.    91&tf Complete  Angler.       5^ 

ji  Alfo  a  Whitish  Don  made  of  the  roots 
of  earners  hair,  and  the  wings  of  the  grey  fea- 
ther of  a  mallard; 

4.  There 

in  this  manner  piiocieed  tilt  you  come  to  within  an  eighth 
of  an  inch  of  the  end  of  the  ihank,  where  you  will  find  an 
end  of  filk  hanging,  and  by  which  time  you  will  find  the 
^bres  at  the  great  end  of  the  hackle  fomewhat  difconipofed  i 
clip  theib  oftclofe  to  the  ftem,  and,  with  the  end  of  your 
middle  finger,  prefs  the  ftem  cloie  to  the  hook^  while^  with 
the  fore-fineer  of  your  right-hatid,  you  tarn  the  filk  into  a 
loop ;  which  when  you  have  twice  ^ut  oVel^  the  end  of  th^ 
ihank  of  the  hook,  lodp  aiid  all^  your  work  is  fafe. 

Then  wax  that  end  bf  the  filk  whkh  you  now  ufed^  and 
turn  it  over  as  before,  till  Vob  have  taken  up  nearly  all  that 
remained  of  the  hook,  obierviiig  to  lay  the  turna  neatly  fide 
by  fide ;  and  laflly,  clip  off  the  ends  of  the  filk :  thus  will 
TOO  have  made  a  bait  that  will  catch  Trout  of  the  largeft  fize^ 
in  any  watti'  in  EngfoHiii, 

Ahd  left  the  method  of  fafteniftg  bff,  i^hicH  OCcufs  fo  often 
in  this  kind  of  work,  fliould  not  appear  fufiiciently  intelli*' 
gible,  the  reader  will  fee  it  reprefented  Pig.  p.  Plate  X. 

It  is  true,  the  method  above  defcribed  wiu  require  fome 
irarf  aiion  in  the  cafe  of  gold  and  filver-twiH  palmers  ;  in  the 
making  whereof,  xht  management  of  the  twift  is  to  be  con* 
iidered  as  another  operation ;  but  this  variation  will  fug*- 
geft  itfelf  to  every  reader,  as  will  alfo  the  method  of  making 
thoie  flies^  contained  in  the  notes,  that  have  hackle  undet 
the  wings ;  which  elfe  w6  fhould  have  added  to  Cottonh  di^ 
ledlions  for  making  a  fly^  Which  he  gives  Fimter  in  the  filh* 
ing-houfe«     See  Page  35.  Part  11.    . 

The  liireBions  of  Mr.  Q^wm  fhrmaking  flies  art  M  Be  con'' 

JiJered  as  the  'very  bafis  and fcundation  of  that  art^  no  author 

before  him  halving  enter  treated  the  fuhje^i  fo  c^ioujly  and  ac-^ 

eurately  as  he  hat  done :  njuhat  ^imfrrvements  hia've  been  made 

Jince  his  time^  hanje  been  handed  about  in  manufcript  lifls^  but 

have  hardiy  e<ver  been  communicated  to  the  public, 

A  reverend i  *worthy,  and  ingenious  friend  of  mine^  alefvet 

9f  anglings  nvho  has  praSiifed  that  and  the  art  offly^making 

tbefe  thirty  years ^  and  is  the  gentleman  mentioned  in  the  note^ 

Page  259,  has  genervt(J!y  communicated  to  me  the  rtfult  of  his 

E  c      ^  nua^ 


56         Tie  CoMPtBTE  ANCtSRr.     PattY^ 

4.  There  is  alfo  for  this  montb  a  Ajr  called 
the  Thorn-Tree  Fly,  the  dubbing,  an  abfo** 
lute  black  mixt  with  eight  or  ten  hairs  of  J^aid-, 
la  coloured  *  mohair,  the  body  as  lictle  as  can 

many  years  txferifn^i,  in  aUft  of  agreat  numhtr  tffiis^  mat- 
mentioned  fy  Cotton*  fwith  fome  i/ariatio$u  in  the  manmr  of 
making  tbofe  defcribed  in  the  teyct.  Audas  to  thefe  dtviatiom^, 
it  is  ho  fed  they  'will  be  confidered  as  imfrvuemtnts  ;  fim€  1  atm 
eutthorixedto/ay^  that  the  abo-vegentUman  basy  in  tho  making 
ofjliesy  made  it  a  confiant  rule  tofolUnn  nature^ 

Part  of  this  lift  is,  for  vefy  obvious  reafoTts^  <wrought  intOi 
tf>iformof  notes  on  thai  of  Afr.  Cotton,  and  the  rej^  'with' 
another  ttery  vaJnable  catalogue ,.  cvnfofed  by  a  narth'COUKtfy 
angler,  and  commmicatid  to  me  by  the  fame  gentlemanf.  makt 
N®  I.  and  II.  of  the  Appendix  to  this  Folunu, 

The  reader  will  there  alfo  find  N^  III.  a  Uft  offUesJ^rmerly 
f(ublijhed  in  the  Angler'j  Vade  Mecum,  fo  often  referred  to  in' 
the  courfe  of  this  oiwi;  and  though  thejliesfhereis{contai,ned. 
are  f aid  to  be  chiefly  ofufe  inftoney,  I  have  tried  fome  ofthem^ 
effecially  the  duns,  in  other  rivers,  and  found  them  to  be  ex^ 
cellent. 

The  reader  may  poj/ibly  havefeen  or  heard  of  tf  mamtfcripL 
lift,  comfoffd  by  Mr.  Jenunit,  a  famons  fty-as^ler,  deceafed, . 
H  copy  ivhereof  I  ha^e  by  me:  but  as  it  does  not  give  themonthi 
'^n.vlfen  the  feveral  flies  defcribed  by  him  are  taken,  it  vnas  thougf^t- 
it  fwould  anfwer  no  end  to  publiftk  it, 

*  Ifabella  Spexie  di  colore  chepartecipa  del  bianco  e  ddgtaUo^ 
Altieri^^  Di^onary.  A  kind  of  whitiih  yellow*  or,  .as  ibme 
iay,  buff-colour  a  little. foiled.. 

.  How  it  came  by  this  name  will  appear  from  the  foUo^ne- 
anecdote,  for  which  I  am  obliged  to  a.  very  ingenious  and 
learned  lady.     The  archduke  Albertus,  who  had  married; 
the  Infanta  Ifabella^  daughter  of  FMUp  the  fecond»  kisg  of: 
&pain,  with  whom  he  had  the  Low  Countries  in  dowry,  in 
the  year  1602,  having  determined  to  lay  fiege  to  O/^rW,  then 
in  the  pofleilton  of  the  heretics,  his  pious  princefs>  who  at-^* 
tended  him  in  that  expedition,  made  a  vow,  that  till  it  was 
taken  (he  would  never  change,  her  clothes.    Contrary  to  eXi- 
pe£bition,  as  the  ftory  fays,  it  was  three  years  before  the- 
place  w«s  reduced,  in  which  time  her  highnefs's  linen-  had.^ 
acquired  the  above-mentioned  hue. 

'  ■  be 


tiKip.^lt.m  CoMPLETiE  Angler.        sf 

he  made,  and  the  wJngs  of  a  bright  mallard's 
ffeathcf,  an  admirable  fly,  and  in  great  repute 
amongft  us  for  a  kilFef. 

g.  There  is  befides  this,  another  (4)  Blue 
Dun,  the  dubbing  of  which  it  is  made  being 
thus  to  be  got.  Take  A  fmall -tooth  comb,  ahd 
^ith  it  conib  the  neck  of  a  black  greyhound^ 
and  the  down  that  fticks  in  the  teeth  will  be  the 
fineft'blue  that  ever  you  faw.  The  wings  of 
this  fly  can  hardly  be  too  whttfr,  and  he  is  taktn 
iaibout  the  tenth  of  this  months  and  lafteth  till 
the  four  and  t^^entieth, 

6.  jpfom  the  tenth  of  thi?  tlionth  alfo  till  to- 
wards the  end,  is  taken  a  little  Black  Gnat  5 
the  dubbing  either  of  the  ftirf  of  a  black  watcr- 
.  dogi  or  the  down  of  a  yoitng  black  w^i;er-coor, 
the  Wings  of  the  male  of  a  rfiallard  as  white  as 
ftnay  be,  the  body  as  littlfc  as  you  can  poflibly 
hiakc  it,  and  the  wing?  as  fliorc  as  his  body. 
'  7,  From  the  fixtcenth  bf  this  month  alfo  td 
fhe  end  of  it,  we  ufe  a  Bright  Brown,  thd 
dubbing  for  which  is  to  be  had  out  of  a  .ikin- 
iiej-'s  lime-pits,  and  of  the  hair  of  an  aborttvd 

VARIATIONS.   - 

(4)  Blue,  or  Violet  Dun.  Dub  with  the  roots  of  a  fox- 
i*uh*B  tailf  ami  a  vefy  little  blue  violet  worfted,  warp  with  pale 
yellow  fifk  ;  wing  of  the  pale  part  of  a  darling's  feather. 
Taken  froni  eight  to  ele*ve7t^  andfrem  me  to  three  i 

This  fly^  fwhich  is  alfo  called  the  aJb-coloHred  duttj  and  blue 
diifty  is  froductdfrom  a  cadis ;  //  //  /o  'very  fmall ,  that  the 
buok^  kno^n  at  the  fhofs  by  theji^^  N*  IX,  is  full  big  enough 
for  it^  i/^t  t^9  big*  The  fhape  of  the  fly  is  exaQly  the  f ami 
*with  that  of  the  green^drake.  So  early  in  the  year  as  February, 
they  nvill  drop  on  the  nvater  before  eight  in  the  morning ;  and 
^foHts,  of  the  largeji  fi%ei  as  iMtll  as  fmcdl  ones^  *Vifill  rife  at 
ibem  <vfry  eagerly, 

E  c  2  calf, 


.58        {Tie  Complete  ANottR.     Fart  It, 

calf,  which  the  lime  will  turn  to  be  fo  brighc 
as  to  (hine  like  gold  :  for  the  wings  of  this  fiy> 
the  feather  of  a  brown  hen  is  bed  y  which  fly  it 
alfo  taken  till  the  tenth  of  Jfril 

APRIL. 

AU  the  fune  hackles  and  flies  that  were  takea 
in  Marcbi  wiU  be  taken  in  this  momh  alio,  with 
this  diftinftion  only  concerning  the  flies,  that 
all  the  brown«  be  lapt  with  red  lllk»  and  the 
duns  with  yellow. 

I.  To  thefe  a  Smau.  Bright  BROwif,  made 
of  fpaniers  f  urr,  with  a  light  grey  wing ;  in  a  bright 
day,  and  a  clear  water,  is  very  well  taken. 

a.  We  have  too  a  little  (5)  Dark.  Baovir^ 
>the  dubbing  of  that  colour,  and  fome  violet  cam- 
let mixt,  and  the  wing  of  a  grey  ficachex  of  a 
mallard. 

3.  From  the  fixth  of  this  month  to  the  tenth, 
we  have  alfo  a  fly  caUed  the  Viol£T*Fly,  made 
pf  a  dark  vblet  ilufll^  with  the  wings  of  the  grey 
feather  of  a  mallard* 

4*  About 

VARIATIONS. 

(5}  Dajlk  Bkown-  Dub  with  the  hair  of  a  <lark  hrowa 
fpanieU  or  calf^  that  looks  ruddy  by  being,  expoiedto^  wind 
and  weather,  warp  with  yellow. 

TaJt€nfr§m  eight  to  ele^gn, 

This  is  a  goodfy^  and  to  he /(ten  in  mofi  ri^ueri-i  btufo  *oa^ 
Tiahle  in  its  hsu^  as  the  feafin  ad^vancesi  that  it  requires  the. 
do/eft.  attentUm  to  the  nettsiralfly^  to  adapt  the  mattriaisfor, 
mailing  it  artifidatly^i  <which  is  al/e  the  cafe 'with  the  miolet  o» 
ajh-colowred  dun.  When  this  fy  firft  appears^  it  is.  nearly  of 
a  chocolate  colottr ;  from  ^which^  hy  the  middle  of  May,  i^  has 
heen  ohfer*ved  to  deviate  to  almofi  a  lemon  colour:  northern 
anglers  call  it^  hy  way  of  eptineme^  the  dark  brown  j  ethers. 


C?iap.  VII.    51&eCoMPLETE  Angler;      S9 

4.  About  the  twelfth  of  thrs  month  comes  in 
the  fly  calFd  the  Whirling  Dun  (6),  which  is 
taken  every  day  about  the  mid- time  of  day  all 
this  month  through,  and  by  fits  from  thence  to  • 
the  end  of  June,  and  is  commonly  made  of  the 
down  of  a  fox-cub,  which  is  of  an  alh  colour 
at  the  roots,  next  the  (kin;  and  ribbed  abput 
with  yellow  filk,  the  wings  of  the  pale  grey 
feather  of  a  mallard. 

5.  There  is  alfo  a  Yellow  Dun  (7),  the 
dubbing  of  camel's  hair,  and  yellow  camlet,  or 
wOol-tnixt,  and  a  white  grey  wing. 

6.  There  is  alfo,  this  month,  aaother  Little'  • 
Brown,  befides  that  mentioned  before,  made 
with  a  (lender  body,  the  dubbing  of  dark  brown, 
and  violet  camlet  n^ixt,  and  a  grey  wing>  which, 
though  the  dire£tion  for  the  making  be  near  the 
other,  is  yet  another  fly,  and  will  take  when  the 
other  will  not,  efpecially  in  a  bright  day^  and  a 
dear  wacer* 

VARIATIONS. 

taU  k  the  four* winged  brown  :  //  has  four  wings  tying  fat 
en  its  iackf  /omitting  ionger  than  the  My^  nvbicb  is  longifi^ 
hut  not  taper  ^  This  fly  muft  hi  made  on  ^  fmallifo  bookf  viz. 
N*»  8,  or  9. 

^6)  Little  WHiRLiNaDun.  The  body  fox-cub,  and 
a  little  light  ruddy  brown  mixed,  warp  with  grty  or  ruddy 
filkb  A  red  hackle  under  the  wing ;  wngof  a  land-rail,  or 
raddy  brown  chicken,  which  ts  better. 

A  killing fy  in  a  bhiftiring  day^  as  the  great  whirling  dun 
a  in  the  evenings  and  late  at  night. 

(7)  Yellow  Dun.     Dub  with  a  fmall  quantity  of  pala 
yellow  crewel  mixed  with  fox-cub  down  from  the  tail,  and 
warp  with  yellow ;  wing  of  a  paliih  darling's  feather* 
Takinfrom  eight  toeUntiny  and  from  t*wojofour, 

?ee  more  of  the  Tellonv  Dun  in  the  Appendix,  N^  Ilf . 

E  e  3  7.  About 


Co,         Tie  Complete  ANCLEr.     Bi^rt  ^»; 

7*  About  tliq  twentieth  of  this  month  comes  in 
9  fly  called  theHoRSErFLESH  Fly,  the  dgbbing. 
of  which  is  a  blue  mohair,  with  pink-coloured,, 
and  red  tammy  mixt,  a  light  coloured  wing,  and 
a  dark  brown  head.  This  fly  is  taken  beft  in  ati 
evening,  and  kills  from  two  hours  before  fun  fef, 
till  twilight,  and  is  taken  the  month  through. 

MAY. 

'    Apd  now.  Sir,  that  we  are  enterlf^  into  tbC; 
month  of  May,  I  think  it  reqqiGte  to  beg  not. 
o^ly  your  attention,  but  alfo  your  befl:  patience  | 
for  I  mud  now  t^e  a  little  tedious  with, you,  and 
dwell  upon  tb;s  month  longer  th^n  ordinary  ^ 
which  that  you  may  the  better  endure,  I  muft 
tell  you,  this  month  deferve$  and  requires  to  bp 
infilled  on  -,  forafmuch  as  it  alone,  and  th<^  ce^C 
following*    afibrd  more  pleafure  to   tbp  fly- 
angler  than  all  the  reft  :  and  here  it  is  that  yoUjt 
are  to  exped:  an  account  of  the  green-drake^  and 
(lone-fly,  prqmifed  yoq  fo  long  agQ,  apd  fomp 
others  that  are  peculiar  to  this  month,  and  part 
of  the  month  following;  and  that,  though  not 
fo  great  either  in  bulk  or  name,  do  yet  (land  in 
competition  with  the  two  before  named }  and  fo, 
that  it  is  yet  undecided  amongft  the  anglers,  to, 
which  of  the  pretenders  to  the  title  of  theil^* 
fly,  it  does  properly  and  duly  belong ;  neither 
dare  I,  where  fo  many  of  the  learned  in  this  art 
of  angling  are  got  in  difpqte  about  the  contro- ' 
verfy,  take  upon  me  to  determipe ;  but  I  think- 
I  ought  to  have  a  vote  amongft  them,  and  ac-' 
<:ording  tp  that  privilege,  (hall  give  you 'my 
free  opinion ;  and  peradventure  when  I  have  told 

5  '  ^        you 


you  all)  fou  may  mcline  to  think  mc  in  the 
fighc. 

^  Viat:  Ihwtf^gTtat  a  deference  to  yourjudg-- 
ment  in  thefc  niatters,  that  I  rnuft  always  be  of 
jF^Ur  Opinion  ;  and  the  more  you  Ipeak,  the  fafter- 
I  'grow  lb  nny  attentionf,  for  1  can  never  be  weary 
<tf  *  bearing  you  upon  this  fubjeft. 

•  P^c  Why  that's  encouragenient  enough ; 
and  now  prepare  yourfelf  for  a  tedious  lefture ; 
but  I  will  firft  begin  with  the  flies  of  lefs  efteem, 
tlBKigh^almoft'  any  thing  will  take  a  Trout  in 
Majh  that  T^ttwty  afterwards '  infift  the  longer 
iljpdii  thoft  of  ^greater  ^ote  and  reputation  ^ 
know  therefore,  that  the  firft  fly  we  take  notice 
cf  in  this  month,  is  called 

I-.  The  Turkey-Fly,  the  dubbing  ravelled 
out  6(  fome  blue  ftuff,  and  lapt  about  with  yel- 
to#  filk,  the  wings  of  a  grey  mallard's  feather. 

/a.  Next  a 'Great  Hackle,  or  Palmer- 
Flv,  with  a  Yellow  Body  ribbed  with  gold 
twift,  and  large  wings  of  a  mallard's  feather  dyed 
yellow,  with  a  red  capon^s  hackle  over  all. 

3.  Then  a  Black  Fly,  the  dubbing  of  a 
bl&ck  fpanid*s  furr,  and  the  wings  of  a  grey 
maUard'a  feather. 

4.  After  tljat  a  Light  Brown  with  a  flender 
body,  the  dubbing  twirled  upon  fmall  red  filk,^ 
and  raifed  with  the  point  of  a  needle,  that  the 
ribs  or  rows  of  Glk  *may  appear  through  iht 
wings  of  the  grey  feather  of  a  mallard. 

5.  Next  a  LixTLE  Pun,  the  dubbing  of  a 
bear's  dun  whirled  upon  yellow  filk^  the  wii^ga. 
of  the  grey  feather  of  a  mallard. 

6.  Then  a  White  Gnat,  with  a  pale  wing^ 
and  a  black  head. 

E  c  4  7.  There 


dt  3'h  Complete  Anglir.    Patrt  If^r 

7»  There  is  alfo  this  month  a  Nfly  called  the^ 
Feacock-Fly,  the  body  made  of  a  whirl  of 
4  pe^Qck*s  feather,  with  a^ed  headi  apd  wings 
ox  9  madlard's  fe^thei;. 

8.  We  have  then  aqother  very  killing  0y^ 
knowti  by  the  name  of  the  Dun-Cut  (S)«the  dub* 
bing  of  which  is  a  bear's  dun,  with  a  little  blue 
^nd  yellow  mixt  with  it,  a  large  dun  wing,  and 
two  hprna  at  the  hfad,  oiadrof  the  hairs  of  t 
fquirrers  tail? 

9.  The  next  is  the  Cow-LADVt  a  Utdefly^ 
the  bpdy  of  a  peacock^s  feather,  the  Wing  (>f  a. 
red  feather,  or  (trips  of  the  red  hackle  of  • 
cock, 

1  o.  We  have  then  the  Cow-Dukg  fly ;  the 
Rubbing  li^ht  brown  and  yellow,  mixt,  the  wing 
the  dark  grey  feather  of  a  mallard*     And  note,- 
that  befides  thefe  aboye-imntioned,  all  the  fame; 
hackles  and  flies,    the  hackles  oqly  bright^er, 
a^nd  ihe  flies  fmaller,  that  are  taken  in  J^K 
will  alfo  be  taken  this  month,  as  alfo  all  browns 
and  duns ;  and  qow  i  come  tQ  my  ftpne-fly,  and  • 
green  drake,  which  are  the  matadore^  fpr  Tr<Qut 
and  Grayling,  and  in  th^if  feafon  kill  more  fllh 
in  our  Derbyjhire  rivers,  than  all  the  reft  paft, 
and  to  cotpe,  in  (he  whole  year  befides. 

But  l^rft  I  am  to  tell  you,  that  we  have  four' 
feveral  flies  which  copteiid  for  the  title  of  the 
ik&jy-fly,  naqicjy, 

VARIATIONS. 

*  J    .  .        .  »  * 

(8)  DuN-CvT.    Dub  with  bcar's-cub  furr,  and  a  liuie* 
jtllow  and  green  crewel,  warp  with  yellow  or  green ;  y^iug 
(^r  a  landrail.  ^ 

'     ^9Wi^4f  fh  ^V^ffg  Sf  ^Jk^wnyJ^  a  great  kilkr. 


Chap.VIJt  ^he  Complete  AscLEt,      6j 

<r^^  Green-Drak)^, 
^be  STONE-Fty, 
V^^  Black-Fly,  and 
The  Little  Yellow  MAY-Fty. 

f 

And  all  thefe  have  their  champions  and 
^voca^es  to  difpute  and  plead  their  priority, 
though  I  do  not  underiland  why  the  two  laft 
named  fhould  i  tjb^  firft  two  having  fo  manifeftly 
jhe  advantage,'  both  in  their  beauty,  and  the 
wonderful  execution  they  do  in  their  feafon* 

11.  Of  thefe  the  Green-Drake  comes  in 
gbout  the  twentieth  of  this  month,  or  betwixt 
tjh^t  and  the  latter  end ;  for  they  are  fometimef 
fooner,  and  fometimes  later,  according  to  the 
quality  of  the  year ;  but  never  well  taken  till 
towards  the  end  of  this  month,  and  the  begin- 
ning of  June.  The  ftone-fly  comes  much 
Iponer,  fo  early  as  the  middle  of  Jpt-il  j  but  is 
never  well  taken  till  towards  the  middle  of  A&y, 
and  continues  to  kill  much  longer  than  the 
green-drake  days  with  us,  fo  long  as  to  the  end 
almoft  of  Jun^  ;  and  indeed,  fo  long  as  there  arc 
any  of  thenf)  to  be  fcen  upon  the  water-,  and  fome- 
times in  an  artificial  fly,  and  late  at  night,  or 
tiefore  fun-rife  in  a  morning,  longer. 

Now  both  thefe  flies,  and  1  believe,  many 
others,  though  I  think  not  all,  are  certainly  and 
cjemonftratjvely  bred  in  the  very  rivers  where 
they  are,  taken;  our  cadis  or  cod- bait  which 
lie  under  ftones  in  the  bottom  of  the  water,  moft 
of  them  turning  into  thofe  two  flics,  and  being 
gathered  in  the  hufk,  or  crufl:,  near  the  time  of 
•their  maturity,  are  very  cafily  known  and  difl^n- 

guithcd. 


€4,         Tbe  Complete  Angler.    Patf  ID 

^uiflied,  and  are  of  all  other  the  moft Remark- 
able,  both  for  their  (ize,  as  being  of  all  other 
the  biggeft,  the  fliorteft  of  thetn  being  a  fuU 
inch  long,  or  niore ;  and  for  the  execHition  they 
do,  tbe  Trout  and  X^rayling  bekig  nnich  more 
greedy  of  them  than  of  any  others  ^  and  indeed 
the  Trout  never  feeds  fat,  n^r  comes  into  hifi 
perfcA  feaibn,  till  thefe  flies  come  in. 

Of  thefe  the  green^rake  never  dtfclofes  from 
bis  hufk,  t4U  be  be  firft  there  grorwn  to  full  ma- 
turity^  body,  wings,  and  all;  and  then  he  creeps 
out  of  his  cell,  but  with  his  wings  fb  crtnipt 
and  ruffled,  by  being  preft  together  in  that  nar- 
tow  room,  that  they  are,  for  fome  hours,  to- 
tally ufele^  to  him  •,  by  which  means  be  is  com« 
pelled  either  to  creep  upon  the  flags,  fedges^ 
and  blades  of  grafs,  if  his  Brft  rifing  -^om  the 
bottom  of  the  water  be  near  the  banks  of  the 
river,  till  the  air  and  fun  ftifien  and  fmootk 
them :  or  if  hisfirft  appearance  above  water  hap- 
pen to  be  in  the  middle,  he  then  lies  upon  the 
lurface  of  the  water  like  a  (hip  at  hull ;  for  his 
ftet  are  totally  ufelefs  to  him  there,  and  he  can- 
not creep  upon  the  water  as  the  ftone-fly  can^ 
Until  his  wings  have  got  ftiffhefs  to  fly  with,  if 
hy  fome  Trout  or  Grayling  he  be  liot  taken  ia 
the  interim,  which  ten  to  brie  he  Is,  and  then 
bis  wings  ftand  high,  and  clofed*  exaft  upon 
his  back,  like  the  butterfly,  and  his  morion  in 
flying  is  the  lame.  His  body  is,  in  fomei  of  a 
pakr,  in  others,  of  a  darker  y^How  v  fbr-  they 
are  not  all  exaftly  of  a  colour,  ribbed  with  rows 
of  green,  long,  flender,  and  growing  fliarp  to- 
wards the  tail,  at  the  end  of  which  he  ha^-Jthree 
longimall  wbiflcsof  a  vcry<iark  colour,  almofl:- 

black, 


r 

Chap.  yil.  STit^  Complete  ANGLEk.     $§ 

black)  and  h}s  tail  turns  ifp  towards  his  back 
like  a  mallard ;  from  M^bence,  queftioiilefs,  he 
has  his  oamc  of  the  grpen-drake.  Thefe,  as  I 
tbink  I  toki  you  before,  we  commonly  dapc,  or 
4ibUe  wkb,  and  having  gath^ed  great  ftore  of 
them  into  9  long^  draw?boXy  with  holes  in  the 
jcpver  t0  giw  them  air,  where  alfo  they  will  con-^ 
tinue  frew  and  vigorops  a  night  or  more,  we 
tf^p  them  out  thenae  by  the  wings,  and  bait 
them  thus  upon  the  hook.  We  firft  take  one, 
f(f>r  ^c  conwnonly  fifli  with  two  of  them  at  a 
tin)e,  and,  putting  the  poim  of  the  hook  into 
tKe  t^iicjceft  part  of  his  body  under  one  of  his 
wings,  run  it  direftJy  through,  and  out  at  the* 
othfr^fide,  leaving  him  fpitted  crofs  upon  the 
hook,  and  then  taking  the  other,  put  him  on 
afier  the  fame  manner,  but  with  his  head  the 
contrary  way  ;  in  which  pofture  they  will  live 
upon  the  hook,  and  play  with  their  wings  for  a 
quarter  of  aa  hour  or  more :  but  you  muft 
have  a  care  to  keep  their  wings  dry,  both  from 
the  water,  and  alfo  that  your  fingers  be  not  wet 
whven  you  take  them  out  to  bait  them,  for  then 
ypUK  bail  is  fpoiled. 

Having  now  told  you  how  to  angle  with  this 
fly  alive,  I  am  now  to  tell  you  next,  how  to 
make  an  artifieial  fly,  that  will  fo  perfcdly  re-, 
fcmble  him,  as  to  bje  taken  ia  a  rough  windy  day, 
when  no  flies  cln  lie  upon  the  water,  nor  arc 
to  be  found  about  the  banks  and  fides  of  the 
river,  to  a  wonder,  and  with  which  you  fhall 
certainly  kill  the  beft  Trout  and  Grayling  in  the 
river. 

The 


€$       ^/CouptKTS  AitfCLSn.     Part  It/ 

The  artificial  sreen-drake  (9)  cben,  is  made 
upon  a  large  hook,  the  dabbing,  earners  hair, 
bright  bear's  hair,  the  ibfcdown  that  isxombed 
£rotn  a  hog's  brtftles,  and  yellow  camlet  well  mixt 
together,  the  body  loog,  and  ribbed  about  with 
green  fiUct  or  rather  yellow,  waxed  with  greeii 
wax,  the  whiflcs  of  the  caili  of  the  long  hairs  of 
iables,  or'  fitchet,  and  the  wings  of  the  white* 
grey  feather  of  a  mallard^  dyed  ytUow,  whiclr 
alfo  is  to  be  dyed  thus. 

T'ake  the  root  of  a  kartaty-tree,  and  fiave  it^ 
sndput  to  ii  woody  vifs^  vntb  as  much  allum  as  a 
ivakui^  and  boil  your  feathers  in  it  with  tain-- 
ivater^  and  tbey  will  be  of  a  very  fine  yellow. 
.  I  have  now  done  with  the  green -drake,  ex- 
cepting to  tell  you,  that  he  is  taken  at  ait  hours 
during  his  feafon,  wbilft  there  is  any  day  upon 
the  (ky  ^  and  with  a  made«fly  I  once  took,  ten 
days  after  he  was  abfolutely  gone,  in  a  cloudy 
day,  after  a  (bower,  and  in  a  whiftling  wind,  five 
and  thirty  very  great  Trouts  and  Graylings,  be- 
twixt five  and  eight  of  the  clock  in  the  evening* 
and  had  no  lefs  than  five  or  fix  flies,  with  three 
good  hairs  a  piece,  taken  from  me  in  defpite  0/ 
my  hearty  befides. 

VARIATIONS. 

(9)  Greeic-Drake,  or  Mat-Fly.  The  body  of  fears 
farr,  or  yellow  mohRir,  a  little  cob- fox  down,  and  bog's 
fvooU  or  light  brown  from  a  Tari^^carpet  mixed,  warp 
with  pale  yellow,  pale  yellow  or  red  cock's  hackle  ander 
the  wings ;  win^s  of  a  mallard's  feather,  dyed  yellow^ 
three  whiiks  in.Jiis  tail  from  a  fable  mnfF. 

TaL/i  uU  dteff  but  <biiflyfr9m  two  t9f9»r  in  the  aftirmon, 

12.  I 


r 

Chap*  VIL  ^nk  QoMi^tzrz  AnoitvL.     Cf 

12.  I  (bould  now  come  Bext  to  the  ftoiie-fly^ 
but  there  is  anQiher  gentlecpan  in  my  way,  that 
inuft  of  neceflky  come  »n  between,  and  that  is 
,  the  Grey-Drake,  which  in  alb  fliapes  and  dU 
menfions  is  perfedly  the  fame  with  the  other, 
but  qukc  almoft  of  another  colour,  being  of  a 
paler,  and  mpre  Uvid  yelk>w,  and  green,  and 
ribbed  with  black  quite  down  his  ^>dy,  withk 
I  black  ihining  wings,  and  fo  diaphanous  abnd  ten* 
der,  cob- web  like,  that  they  are  of  no  manner 
of  We  tor  daping ;  but  conrre  in,  and  are  taken 
after  the  green-drake,  and  in  an  artificial  fly  kill 
very  well,  which  fly  is  thus  made  Cio)  -,  the  dub** 
bing  of  the  dawn  of  a  bog's  bridles,  and  black 
fpanieUs  furr,  mixed,  and  ribbed  down  the  body 
with:  black  filk,  the  whiiks  of  the  hairs  of  the 
bcavd  of  a  biack  cat,  and  the  wings  of  tke  blact^ 
grey  feather  of  a  maUard^i 

And  now  I  come  to  the  Stone-Fly,  but 
am  afraid  I  have  already  wearied  your  patience ; 
which  if  1  have,  I  befeech  you  freely  tell  me  foy 
and  I  will  defer  the  remaining  inftrudlions  for 
fly-angling  till  fome  other  time. 

ViaL  No,  truly.  Sir,  I  can  never  be  weary  of 
Ikcarijig  you.:  but  if  you  think  fit,  becaufe  I  am 
afraid  I  am  too  troublefome,  to  refrclh  yourfelf^ 
with  a  glafsand  a  pipc^  you  may  afterwards^ 
proceed,  and  L  (hall  be  cxcee^iingly  pleafed  to 
hear  you. 

VARIATIONS, 

(lo)  Grbv"Drak£.  The  body  of  an  abfelute  whit^  oT* 

trich  feather ;  jfhe  end  of  the  body  towards  the  tail  of  pea- 

cacfc^s  herl ;  warping  of  an  afli-colour  with  filv^r  twift  and 

black  hackle,  wing  of  a  dark  grey  feather  of  a  mallard.  ' 

ji  very  killing fly^  efpedaily  towards  tht  $<uenini^  iQhen  th» 

ftfif  are  glutted  ^^uk.  the  grienrdr^^e* 

Fife, 


€i      >  >tbe  CoiAt^tttt  ANOLEa.     Part  11; 

Pift.  I  thank  you,  Sir,  for  that  motion ;  for 
believe  me  I  am  dry  mth  talking :  here,  bey^ 
give  us  here  a  botde,  dnd  a  glafs ;  .and  Sir^  mf 
fervice  to  you,  and  to  ^11  our  friends  in  the  South. 

f^iai.  Your  fervant^  Sif,  and  1*11  pledge  yon 
as  heartily ;  for  the  good  powdered  beef  I  eat 
at  dinner^  or  fomething  elfe^  has  made  me 
thirfty. 


CHAP.    Vlli. 

Viator. 

SO,  Sir,  I  arn  now  teady  for  smother  le&nf; 
fo  foon  as  you  pleafe  to  give  it  me. 
Pifc.  And  I^  Sir^  as  ready  to  give  youl 
the  beft  1  can.  Having  tok!  you  the  time  of  the 
(cone  fly's  coming  in,  and  that  he  is  bred  of  ^ 
cadis,  in  the  very  river  where  he  is  taken^  I  ant 
next  to  teH  you, .  that, 

I  J.  This  fame  ftone-By  has.  not  the  patience 
to  coiitinue  in  his  cruft,  or  huik,  till  his  wings  b€ 
full  grown  i  but  fo  foon  as  ever  they  begin  to  ptft 
out,  that  he  feels  bimfelf  ftrongy  at  which  time  we 
call  him  a  Jack,  fqueezcs  himfelf  out  of  prifon, 
and  crawls  to  the  top  of  fome  ftone,  where  if  h€ 
can  ftnd  a  chink  that  will  receive  him,  or  can 
creep  betwixt  two  ftones,  the  one  lying  hollow 
trpon  the  other,  which,  by  the  Way,  we  alfo  lay 
^  purpofely  to  find  them,  he  there  lurks  till  his 
Wings  be  full  grown,  and  there  is  your  only  place 
to  find  him^  and  from  thence  doubtlefs  he  derives 

his 


Chap«  VIII.  The  Coup Li,Tz  AngtLer.     ^ 

bis  name ;  though^ibr  want  of  fqch  convenience^ 
^  he  will  make  Ihifc  with  the  hollow  of  a  bank,  or 
apy  other  place  where  the  wind  cannot  come  to 
fetch  him*  off.  .  His  body  is  long,  and  pretty 
thicki  and  as  broad  at  the  tail  almoil  as  in  thr 
middle-,  his  colour  a.  very  fine  brown,  ribbed 
with  yellow,  and  n>Mch  yellower  on  the  belly 
than  the  back^  he  has  twoor  three  whilks  alfo ac 
^e  tag  of  his  tail^  and  two  little  horns  upon  his* 
head  -,  his  wings,  when^  f0ll  grown,  are  doubW 
and  fi^  down  his  back,  of  the  fame  cok>ur,  but 
leather  darker  than  his  body,,  and  longer  than  it,^ 
though  he  makes  but  little  ufe  of  them ;  for  you^ 
(hall  rarely  fee  him  flying,-  though  often  fwim- 
ining  and  padling  with  feveral  feet  he  has  under 
his  belly,  upon  the  water,  without  ftirring  » 
wing :  but  th^  drak^c  will  mount  lleeple  higb 
^to  the  air,  though  he  is  to  be  found  upon  flags 
and  grafs  tooi  Md.  indeed  every  where  high  an(^ 
low^  near  the  river>  there  being  fa  many  o£ 
isbem  in  their  feafon,  as  were  they  not  a  very  in* 
ofienfive  infeft,  would  look,  like  a  plague ;  and^ 
tjicfe  drakes,  fijice  I  forgot  ta  tell  you  before,  I 
will  tell  you  here,  are  taken  by  (he  fiQi  to  thac 
incredible  degree,  i.hat>  upon  a  calm  day,  yoji- 
ffaall  fee  the  ftilj  deeps  conunually  all  over  circfts 
by  the  fifties  rifing,  who  will  gorge  thcmfelves^^^ 
with  thofe  Sies,  till  they  purge  J^gain  out  of 
their  gills  V  and  the  Trouts  are  ac  that  time  la 
l-ufty  and  llrong,  that  one  of  eight  or  ten 
inches  long,  will  then  more  ftruggle,  and  rug„ 
and  more  endanger  your  tackle,  than  one  twice- 
as  big  in  winter:  but  pardon  this  digrefiioni 

This   ftone  fly   then,    we    dape    or    dibble 
with,  as  wiih  the  drake,  but  with  this  difFc- 

rence. 


yo  ^he  CoMPLEtE  Anglbr.    ^artlli- 

rence,  that  whereas  the  green-drake  is  cotnmoii 
both  to  ftream  and  ftill,  and  co  all  hours  of  the  dafi 
we  feldom  dape  with  this  but  in  the  ftreams  {fat 
in  a  whiftiing  wind  a  made- fly  in  the  deep  is 
better)  and  rarely  but  early  and  late,  it  not  being 
fo  proper  for  the  mid -time  of  the  day  \  though 
a  great  Grayling  will  then  take  it  very  well 
in  a  (harp  ftream,  and  here  and  there  a  Trout 
coo :  but  much  better  towards  eight,  nine,  ten, 
or  eleven  of  the  clock  at  nighty  at  which  time 
alfo  the  beft  B(h  rife^  and  the  later  the  better^ 
provided  you  can  fee  your  fly,  and  when  you 
cannot,  a  made -fly  will  murder,  which  is  to  be 
made  thus :  the  dubbing  of  bear's  dun  with  a 
tittle  brown  and  yellow  camlet  very  well  mixed  \ 
but  fo  placed  that  your  fly  may  be  more  yelloW 
on  the  belly  and  towards  the  tail  underneath^ 
than  in  any  other  part,  and  you  are  to  place  two 
or  three  hairs  of  a  black  cat's  beard  on  the  top 
of  the  hook  in  your  arming,  fo  as  to  be  turned 
up,  when  you  warp  on  your  dubbing,  and  to 
lland  almoft  upright,  a;nd  ftaring  one  n-om  ano- 
ther ;  and  note  that  your  fly  is  to  be  ribbed  with 
yellow  filk,  and  the  wiAgs  long)  and  very  large^ 
of  the  dark  gtey  feather  of  a  mallard. 

14.  The  next  A%-8y  is  the  Black-FlV^ 
made  with  a  black  body,  of  the  whirl  of  ad 
oftrtch'feather,  ribbed  with  (ilver  twid,  and 
the  black  hackle  of  a  cock  over  all ;  and  is  a 
killing  fly,  but  not  co  be  named  with  either  of 
the  other. 

15.  The  laft  Mayfly,  that  is  of  the  four 
pretenders,  is  the  Little  Yellow  May-^ 
Fly,  in  (h^pe  exadlly  the  fame  with  the  green- 
drake,  but  a  very  little  one^  and  of  as  brigiit  a 

yellow 


Chup.  VlUv   3^    COMPLBTE    AkGLER.      7I 

yellow  as  clafi  be  iecn,  which  is  made  of  a  bright 
yellow  camlet,  and  the  wings  of  a  white  ^rey 
teacher  dyed  yellow. 

16.  The  laft  fly  for  this  month,  and  which 
continues  all  June^  though  ir  comes  in  the  middle 
ofA£rf,  isthe  fly  called  the  Camlet^Fly,  in 
ihape  like  a  motht  with  fine  diapered,  or  water 
wings,  and  with  which,  as  I  told  you  before,  I 
fometimes  ufed  to  dibble  ^  and  Grayling  will 
rife  mightily  at  it.  But  the  artificial  fly,  which 
is  only  in  ufe  amongft  our  anglers,  is  made  of  a 
dark  brown  fliining  camlet,  ribbed  over  with  a 
very  fmall  light  green  filk,  the  wings  of  the  double 
grey  feather  of  a  mallard ;  and  ^is  a  killing  fly 
tor  fmall  fifli,  and  lb  much  for  Moj^. 

JUNE. 

Frpm  the  firfl:  to  the  four  and  twentieth^  the 
green-drake  and  ftone-fly  are  taken,  as  I  told  you 
before. 

1.  From  the  twelfth  to  the  four  and  twentieth 
late  at  night,  is  taken  a  fly,  called  the  Owl-> 
Fly  (11),  the  dubbing  of  a  white tweafeKs  tail, 
and  a  white  grey  wing. 

2.  We  have  then  another  dun,  called  the 
Barm-Flv,  from  its  yeafty  colour,  the  dubbing 
of  the  f urr  of  a  yellow  dua-cat,  and  a  grey  wing 
o£  a  mallard's  feather. 

VARIATIONS. 

(11)  WhiteMiller,  or  Owl-Fly.  The  body  of 
white  oftrich  her],  whice  hackle  and  filver  twift,  if  y<(a 
pleafe  ;  ^'vag  of  the  white  feather  of  a  tame  duck. 

Taken  fnu/u/t'/tt  till  ten  at  mghf^  andfr^m  two  to /bur  im 
the  morhit^^ 

F  f  3.  W^ 


yz         The  Co^riif'M  Aisi4iaii^   ^Wrfll 

3.  We  have  alfo  a  HacklA  iiiritte  a  Pm^t 
BoDVy  whipt  about  with  »  md  ca^olj^^  fe^hW. 

4.  As  itlfo  a  GoLD-Twisi*  tiAetttB  witll  i 
purple  body^  whipt  about  ifith  2l  t^  C7tpttC%, 
feather. 

5.  To  thcfe  we  hai«  this  itioaih  a  F&asf^ 
FiY,  the  dubbing  of  a  black  fpaoiers  forr,  wtA 
blue  wool  mixed,  and  a  grejt  win^. 

6.  Aifo  another  Ittde  flefh^fiy,  the  body  madt: 
of  the  whirl  of  a  peacoclc*i  feather,  and  tbt 
wings  of  the  grey  feather  oi  a  drake. 

7.  We  have  then  the  Peacock- Fly,  the 
body  and  wing  both  made  of  the  feather  of  &i^ 
bird. 

8.  There  i$  alfo  the  flyingant,  or  Ant*Fl¥» 
the  dubbing  of  brown  and  red  camlet  mixed^ 
with  a  light  grey  wins. 

9.  We  have  Ukewife  a  Browk  Gnat;  witb 
a  very  (lender  body  of  brown  and  violet  camlet 
well  mixed,'  and  a  light  grey  wing. 

I'D.  And  another  little  Black  Gnat  (12),. 
the  dubbing  of  black  mohair,  and  a  white  gtcf 
wing. 

11.  As  alfo  a  G-RfiEN  Grasshopper,  the 
dubbing  of  green  and  yellow  wool  mixed,  ribbed 
over  vvith  greea  filk,  and  a  red  capon^s  feaithcp 
overall. 

12.  And  laftly,  a  little  Dim  Gra^shopi^erV 
the  body  (lender,  made  of  a<)un  camlet,,  and  a^ 
dun  hackle  at  the  top. 

V  A  R  I  A  T  r  O  N  & 

(12)  Black  Gnat.  The  body  extremely  fma]^;,  ofT 
black  mohair,  fpaniers  oi  oftrich  feather;  wing  of  cjie 
lighteft  part  of  a  flarfiog  or  mallard's  feather. 

A  nfery.  killing  Jfp  in  an.  evening  f  after ^  a  Jboioir^  in  r^^it 

rivitfi  Of /»  Derby (2uro0r  Wales. 

5  m  L  Y. 


Jt)LY. 

f^irfl  all  the  fmall  flies  t\^  wqre  tafi^en,  i^ 
^nift^i  afe  Mf^  taken  vi  ^bi&  mcMotlv 

r^  W»  Myc  tihefl^.  the.  QaAWG^f^f^  {^3k 
llie  4«t)ili)»inig  of  oraiDge  woqU.  afi4  tl>ei  wing  of  9 
black  feather. 

!•  Alfo  a  little  tVHitr  DitM,  the  body  made 
of  white  mohair^  sind  thtr  wing^  blue^  of  a  he^ 
ron*s  feathen 

3,  We  have  likc^i^ifir  thi*  9W»tiv  ?  Vf^sp* 
Fi^y^  rnndt^  eiiher  qf  ^  4j|i?k  l>Wwa  c^Mbbing,  or 
(Ue  ^e  furf  of  a  bl^k  ca^^'s^  fia'^lv  ribbed  abouc 
wi|h  yftUo*^  fiJk^  «p4  the  wing  of  thp  jj«y  fea- 
ther of  a  mallard. 

Hacki.«»  t^  .bodjT  «iwde  qf  thiBf  whiU  of  4 
p«4Q0«k'$  fti^lhw,  and  4  bt^ok  HaqW?-ftati^^  oij 
the  top. 

£.  We  have  alfo  a^other^  ms^d^  of  a  peacoqk's 
whirt,  withottt  wing$. 

I  6,  Another  fly  aUo  13  taker)  this  rnoixih,  called 
the  Shell- PL Y,  the  dubbing  (^  yeUqw  greet) 
7^Af  ^^^  ^^^  »  liitte  white  hqg*s  hair  rjiixed, 
which  I  <aU  ihe  palrB-dy»  and  dp  belief  H  i{ 
tnkcn  for  a  palm,  th^t  drops  off  thp  willowy 
into  the  water ;  for  this  fly  I  have  fecp  Trout^ 
take  little  pieces  of  mqfst  as  they  have  fwam 

V  A  R  I  A  T  1  O  N  S. 

r 

^13)  ORANOB-FtY.  The  body  of  raw  orange  (!l^,  witB 
a  red  or  black  hackle;  gold  twlft'  n(ay  be  ddded^  ivar^ 
Vith  orange. 

7V^«  ^hrt  thi  May- fly  ii  almofi  onjer^  an^d  a^fp  t&  tif  ind 
«/*  June,  e/pet tally  //r  hot  gloomy  'weafhff, 

F  f  2  dbwa 


^4  ^^^  COMPLYTB  AhGLIB.     FtttJR 

down  the  rivir,  by  which  I  cooclude  that  the 
beft  way  to  hit  the  right  colour,  is  to  compare 
your  dubbing  with  the  mols»  and  mix  the  a)lours 
as  near  as  you  can* 

7.  There  is  alfo  taken  thts  month,  a  Black 
Blue  Dxjn,  the  dubbing  of  the  furr  of  a  black 
rabbet  mixt  with  a  little  yellow,  the  wings  of 
the  feather  of  a  blue  pigeon's  wing. 

AUGUST- 

*    The  fame  'flies  with  Jufy. 

1.  Then  another  Ant -Fly,  the  dubbing  of 
the  Uack  brown  hair  of  a  cow,  fbme  red  warpt 
in  for  the  tag  of  :his  tail;  and  a  dark  wittg  i  a 
killing  fly. 

2.  l^ext  a  fly  called  the  Perk-Fly,  the  dub- 
bing df  the  furr  of  a  bane's  neck,  that  is  of  the 
colour  of  fern,-  or  bracken,  with  a  darkifh  gre/ 
wing  of  a  mallard's  feather;  a  killer  too« 

3.  Befides  thcfe  wc  have  a  White  Hackle^ 
the  body  of  white  mdiair,  and  warped  aboup 
with  a  white  hackle -feather,  and  this  is  aflfuredlj^ 
tak^fif  for  thiAle^down. 

^  4.  We  have  alfo  this  month  a  Harry -Long- 
Leos  (14),  the  body  made  of  bear's  dun,  and 
blue  wool  mixt,  and  a  browa  hackle-feather 
over  alL 

VARIATIONS. 

• 

(14)  Harry-Lohg-Lics.  Made  of  ligfatiih  bear's  hah»> 
and  a  dttnoifli  hackle;  add  a  few  hairs  of  Tight  blae  mohair 
and  a  little  fox-cub  down,  warp  with  light  grey  or  pak 
blue  iilk  ;  the  bead  large. 

V  Taken  cbieflj  in  a  cloudy  wndy  daj,  I  hai}e  firnurhf^  im 
the  ri'vers  near  London »  had  great  fuccefs^  Jifl^'i  *with  aHm^ 
lijUi  and  tU  btad  of  tint  infe^  wlj^ 

■  -  Laftly, 


Cb^VIIL  f%r  C6mi>»tb  Akgier.    75 

LafUy,  In  this  inctoth  all  the  fame  browns  and 
duns  ve  cakeo^  that  were  taken  in  May. 

SEPTEMBER. 

» 

TMs  month  the  fame  flies  are  taken^  that  are* 
taken  in  AfrU. 

I.  To  which  I  (hall  only  add  a  Camel* 
Bro^n  f)y»  the  dubbing  pulled  out  of  the  lime 
of  a  wall,  whipt  about  with  red  filk,  and  a 
darkilh.grey  nniallard^s  feather  for  the  wing. 
;  %»  And  one  other  for  which  we  have  no' 
name;  but  it  is  made  of  the  black  hair  of  a 
badger^s  (kin^  miieed  with  the  yeUow  fofteft  down 
of  afahded  hog. 

O  C  T  O  B  E  R. 

The  fame  flies  are  taken  this  month,  that 
wem  uken  in  March. 

NOVEMBER. 

The  fame  flies  that  were  taken  in  Ftbruarf^ 
are  taken  this  month  alfo«  . 

.  D  E  CEMBE  R- 

Few  men  angle  with  the  fly  idn  moittht  iia 
more  than  th^  do  va  January  t  but  yet,  'SP  the 
vreatber  be  warnu  as  llutve  kiiowh  it  ibmeti£nes. 
in  my  life  so  be,  even  in  this  cold  ccNiintry^  wliett, 
it  is  leaft  exp^ed,  then  a  brown  that  lodks  red 
In  the  hand,  and  yelldwifh  betwixt  ydur  ieye  anid| 
cbe  fun>  will  both ralie  andkiU'lni d^ W»tt^^ 

F  f  3  an* 


hardly  voMi  a  i|it|0%  Isboiir  *. 

And  now.  Sir,  I  have  done  with  Qy-fifliing^ 
or  angling  d$  the  IfP^  jpxcrpcinc  onpe  more  to 
tell  you,  that  pf  all  thefe,  anp  I  have  pamecf 
wa  a  gmtamnyicill^gAie^  poli^  ure  ]St  tQ 
pc  compared  wifh  tftc  draltc  and  ftOwe^y^  JMl 


^  As  the  Jbnm>i|iffdireftba0  {Matioii  only  file  i|iateiialf 
for  making  the lev^rll  .flies,  tkttnltet  mny  yi$t^^t%ft 
hoitk  Ttrlrh  Vffpca  to-Aeif  form  and  •£«»;  Ili^l|e6^4[^  liiv^ 
ill  Plrfte  X^.  gi}^tnthtf6HiMJkmBYitic^n64aft^'Un^ 
iamW^i  M^i'fbt^^m^,  ^ktjjfkmh  %• «??  »l>^gw»- 

^rake,  la,  the  dup-c^t,  13,  th^  iiawtlioffi-<9y»  ^^  »4 
%he  ant-fly,  1 5.  The  twp  firft  are  each 9  fpedei  by  i|fetf| 
fhe  third  is  a  horned  fly  $  the  ibiirth  has  hacklr  uo^er  hi| 
wings ;  and  (he  fifth,  .fui  ao|(«fliQi  ef  th^  ant*luod  haiNT, 
baa  a  large  bottle-taij ;  ana  to  oni^  or  other  of  tbf;fe  figfMrVit 
it  jsimagiuied  ^11  .ftie^  are  r9dacib|e. 
"^^In  adjafilii^  th^iriKfll^t 'fives, It miift'be'di«^nJipd4iM*eu 
great  diifHcuIty ;  all  that  can  be  faU  »» ^thM  tte^tiW'Vl 
apd  12,  exhibit  the  uA^l  fife  of  the  palmer,  the  greets 
^^  gr^^orake :  -Fig.  1*,  «|ay  ttpf^^s  a  ip^men  for  1110^ 
iies^  that  are  not  diiS^a  to  l)e  ttade  hY^e  i  ^nd  w^ien  di« 
redions  are  given  to  .make  the  fly  fmall,  tfip  reader  is  tp  con* 
Hiler  Fig.  f±,  ••#  an  ex^ple.  ^mtumi^k^^tnOtii^  .too 
fiiiaD.  *  ^  •    - 


^.     .         . 

hriftle  bent  into  a  loop  ^  and  coficerfiingthf ft  niffhpcU  t)iere 

m  diftivnt  opipioplt 

Iconfcfs  the  latter,  except  fi>f  fniall  flies,  leemi  to.s^ei&g 
fbore  «ligibleivaj  |  and  tt  Has  this  advantage^  tlirir htiiiMei 
I^Q  to  k^ep'your  fiie|-in  eTceUcnt  order;  ^td4lb^4iiilb, 
fbiog  fhem,  aik^fi  fp^cfcsfq^i^aiy^llmMl^dM  loiipf/flfqn 
a  fioe-piec^  of  cKjt^^^  of  alMt  ^feyjsiiJijBcW  ^fif^f  iff^ 


Itring  alfo  thercoi^  t)^1>pgb  a  large  pin-bole,  a  very  fi^aQ 
^cket  afparchment,  with  the  name  of  the  fly^#il(^tet>ait ; 

^?^f  ^^^f^t^^rto  »ri?|,  ai^  la^^qi  H^i^ai^  (»>»*>^ 


C|i^«  yin.  5?/  Complete  A^jgiiu.     77 

fpr  mapy  .and  very  jgrea,t  fith  j  and  yet  there  are 
(Qjpfi  days,  that  are  by  np^  means  proper  for  the 
^ort ;  and  in  a  cajnfi  you  (hall  not  have  near  f^ 
fnjflch  foprt  .eyen  with  daping,  as  in  a  whirling 
i^jjc  pt  wind,  for  two  re'aforis,  jx>th  becaufe  y66 
i^rc  flpt  fo  cafily  difcovercd  by  the  fifb,  jind  .alfo 
)^cauje  there  are  then  but  few  flies  that  can  lie 
won  t^e  water  •,  for  where  they  have  fo  much 
choice,  you  may  cafiiy  imagine  tl;iey  will  not  be  fo 
9^er  and  forward  to  .rife  at  a  bait,  chat  both  the 
J^adpw  pf  ypur  body,  and  that  of  your  rx;^d,  nay^ 
*of  your  very  line,  in  a  hot,  calm  day,  will,  in  fpit^e 
pf^y^vr  bej^  caution^  render  ftifpcfted  tp  them : 
Jbja't  even  then  in  fwift  ftreams,  or  by  futing 
^pw<n  patiently  behind  a  willow  bu(h,  you  (hail 
^^p.^iore  execution,  than  at  almoft  any  other  tinie 
p/  the  year  with  afiy  other  fly ;  though  one  niay 
jpi^e.tiimes  hit  pf  a  day,  when  be  (hall  cpme  horrve 
Ivery  well  fetisfied  with  fpqrt  with  feveral  other 
Sites :  but  with  thefe  two,  the  green-drake  and 
jthc  flx)nerSy,  1  do  ycrily  be^eve  I  could  fqmc 
^4ay9  in  my  jife^  had  J  not  been  weary  of  flaugh* 
^ter,ibaye Ipadenal^fty boy ; and  have fometimes 
fl  ^o 'honeftly  .jnfiure  you,  given  over  upon  the 
'^mere  account  of  fatiety  of  fportj  which  will 
l^terPQjiacd'fisatcer  to  belieye,  when  I  likewtie 


•^ 


^pv^  paper fbftw^etn  ^ch  ring ;  and  when  yoa  afe  thenif 
*ii«ving  a-ncatloo^  at  tha  lowar  end  of  yoar  hook-link»  yon 
'^ay  pfit««hein  on  and  take  them  oiFat  ple&fare. 

is-  the  other  way,  yon  are  troabled  with  a  great  lei^th  of 
tltoek'^lHAk,  whkh,  if  you  pat  even  hot  few  flies  together, 
e'as'fore  to  taogle,  and  occafioa  great  trooble  aad  Tofs  of 

*  time.    And  a$4o  an  objedion  which  fome  make  to  a  loop, 

•  tliat  the*^fi(h  iee  it,  and  therefore  will  not  take  the  fly,  yo« 
inay  be  afforcd  there  is  nothing  in  it* 

F  f  4  aflure 


78         The  CoKtPtETE  Akgleii;    Part  Itl 

aflure  you,  that  with  this  very  fly»  I  have  ia 
this  very  river  that  runs  by  us,  in  three  or  fouf 
hours  taken  thirty,  five  and  thirty,  and  forty  of 
the  beft  Trouts  in  the  river.  What  (hatne  and 
pity  is  it  then,  that  fuch  a  river  fliould  be  deftroy* 
cd  by  the  bafeft  fort  of  people,  by  thofe  unlaws 
fill  ways  of  fire  and  netting  in  the  night,  and  of 
damming,  groping,  fpearing,  hanging  and  hook- 
ing by  day  ;  which  are  now  grown  to  common^ 
that,  though  we  have  very  good  laws  to  punifh 
fuch  ofienders,  every  rafcal  does  it,  for  aught 
I  fee,  impune. 

To  conclude,  I  cannot  now  in  honefty  but 
frankly  tell  you,  that  many  of  thefe  flics  I  have 
named,  at  leaft  fo  made  as  we  make  them  here» 
will  peradventure  do  you  no  great  fervice  in  your 
foutbem  rivers  •  \  and  will  not  conceal  from  you» 
but  that  I  have  fent  flies  to  feveral  friends  in  I/m^ 
don^  that  for  aught  I  could  ever  hear,  never  did 

*  The  reader  may  depend  oo  this  lift  of  flies,  and  reft 
afliiredt  that  with  (bme  or  other  of  thefe  flies,  efpedally 
with  the  valmers  or  hackles*  die  great  dnn,  dark  browtt» 
early  and  late  bright  biowii,  the  Uack  gnat,  yellow  duo, 
great  whirling  dun,  dun-cat,  green»  and  grey  drake, 
camlet'fly,  tow-dung-fiy,  little  ant-fly,  badger-fly,  and 
fern-fly,  he  fliall  catch  Tront,  Grayling,  Chbb  and  Dace» 


in  any  water  in  EnglanJ  or  fTalis  i-jlIwzjs  refflemt)ering» 
that,  in  a  flrange  water,  he  firft  tries  the  plain,  gold* 
filrer,  and  peacock-hackle :  ofthetrnthof  this  he  need 
not  donbt,  when  he  is  told,  that,  in  the  year  1754$  a 
gentlettao,  now  living,  who  went  into  Wabs  to  fifli  with 
the  flies  abbve-mentioned,  made  as  above  is  dtreded  by 
Mr.  Hirrj^  before-mentioned,  did,  in  about  &x  weeks  time, 
kill  near  a  thoufand  brace  of  Trout  and  Grayling,  as  ap« 
peared  to  him  by  an  account,  in  writing,  which  he  kept 
of  each  day's  fuccefs« 


Cfcap.  IX.  fhe  Com PLtTs  ANottk;        y^ 

mny  great  feats  with  them^t  and  therefore  if  you 
intend  to  profit  by  my  inftruftions,  you  muft 
come  to  angle  with  me  here  in  the  Peak ;  and 
fo,  if  you  pleafe^  let  us  walk  up  to  fuppers  and 
to-morrow,  if  the  day  be  windy»  at  our  daya 
liere  commonly  are,  'tis  ten  to  one  but  we  (hall 
take  a  good  dtlh  of  fifli  for  dinner. 


^m 


C  HA  P.    IX. 

P  I  S  C  A  T  O  R. 

AGOOD  day  to  you,  Sir;  I  fee  you  wiU^ 
always  be  ftirring  before  me. 
yiaf.  Why,  to  tell  you  the  truth,  I  am 
fo  allured  with  the  (port  I  had  yefterday,  that 
I  long  to  be  at  the  river  again  i  and  when  I  heard 
the  wind  fing  in  my  chamber  window,  could 
'{brbear  no  longer,  but  leap  out  of  bed,  and  had 
juft  made  an  end  of  drefling  myfelf,  as  you 
came  in. 

Pifc.  Well,  I  am  both  glad  you  are  fo  ready 
for  the  day,  and  that  the  day  is  fo  fit  for  you  ; 
and  look  you,  I  have  made  you  three  or  four  flies 
this  morning  \  this  filver-twift  hackle,  this  bear's 
dun,  this  li^bt  brown,  and  this  dark  brown,  any 
of  which  I  dare  fay  will  do  ;  but  you  may  try 
them  all,  and  fee  which  does  beft ;  only  I  mu^ 
a(k  your  pardon,  that  I  cannot  wait  upon  you  this 
morning,  a  little  bufinefs  being  fallen  out,  that 
,  for  two  or  three  hours,  will  deprive  me  of  your 
company  :  but  I'll  come  and  call  you  home  to 
dinner,  and  my  man  (hall  attend  you. 

Fiat. 


ySmt.  Qh  J  Sir,  mind  jrpur  jiflfairs  by  aU  jtniran^ 
480  but  lend  me  a  lUUe  of  31O11  dull  to  thde  fm^ 
fiics,  and  unlefs  k  fa^ve  forfakea  iqc  iiocc  ^fif- 
<ctday«  J  (hajl  6ad  iuck  of  my  o^n  I  hope  to  ^ 
jToraethioji. 

i^i/f.  Xlie  bcft  inftcuSioii  J .«»  giw  ypyi,  y 
that,  feeing  the  wind  curls  thejprater,  and.hlowjt 
the  right  way,  you  would  now  angle  up  the  ftift 

ilreatns  are,  you  would  find  it^  now  coo  brifk  i 
and  befides,  I  would  have  you  )ake  fi&  in  both 
waters. 

l^iat.  rU  obey  your  direfiiion,  and  fo  a  good 
(maroti^  :tP  yop.  Come,  ypung  inan,  jet  you 
and  I  walk  logecber.  &m  burk  y<>u,  Skj  I  have 
ifi^c  dpne  w'nh  you  yet ;  I  t^^ptft  another  lefibn 
49f  angling  at  thefbottgod,  inrtbe  f^^ermon. 

P.ifc.  Well,  Sir,  rU^bieMa^y  for  you. 

C  «  iL  P.    X. 

i 

lP.f:5Cia<T0lR. 

OH !  5ir,  ,arc  ^.ou  xeium'd  ?  you,ha«e  but 
juft  poevonieame.    J  yuias  cpoiii^g.to.ca)! 
you. 
Fiaf.  I  am  ^Ud  fthep.I^bavje  J&vted  you  ^ 
labour. 
,Pifc.  .And  hawbaveypu  lEped? 
^;W.  you  Ihall  fee  that.  Sir,  pnefcntly  ^;  Jook 
-  i.  .   ,.,         y^"»  Sir,  hercarc.thrce  *,b5*ce^^ 

^^^         -^      but  one,  that  ever  I  kill  d  .with. a 

fly  in  my  life  i  and  yet  1  loft  a 

bigger 


/ 


> 

bigger  than  tbat>  witb  407  ily  t^  boot^  und^btre 
are  |hree  Graylings^  aua  one  of  them  longer  b^ 
^036  inches  than  cbat  I  took  yederday^  and  yet 
|[.^li0irgbi:  thit  ti  .good  one  too. 

IB^tJc.  Why  JE0U  liavc  nwde  4  pretty  good 
fnorning^s  work  on*t  \  and  now,  Sir,  what  th^ 

^u  of  our  river  Pw^/ 

.  7^/^.  I  tVmk  it  DO  be  the  heft  T<raut«iihrer  in 
England  I  gnd  am  .foi9r  in  love  wichit,  that  if  it 
iReremine,  and  that  I  oould  Jceqp  ittp  myfetf,  I 
would  not  ca(i:hai^  that  water,,  /or  aU  the  land 
\i  runs  ovei^  to  be  tiiiaUy  debarred  frooi  it, 

.  P^f.  TJ^at  cQtx^Uwcot  $0  xbc  river,  fpe^ks 
jsouia  true4oyer  ^f  the  art  of  angling :  4ind  npw^ 
$ir9  10  make  part  of  amends  tor  fending  youifo 
unpiviDy  ^Q^l  ^lone  thi^  nK)rmng,  I  will  my(c\f 
dcels  you  t;hi$  difb  of  ,fi0i  fqr  your  dinner.;  waUt 
butintO'the  pariour,  y,au  wiU>6nd  one  bookxir 
other  in  «the  window  to  entertain  you  the  while* 
and  you  IhaU  have  it  p refently. 
yiaf.  Weil^ir»  i  abc;y  yxxu* 

^  Fiji.  Look  yoUi  Sir,  have  I  not  made  ha&e  ? 
yiaL  ^Believe  me  Sir,  that  you  have ;  and  it 
looks  jb  well,  I  Joi^g  .to  bei at  it. 

'  JP//J-.  JRall  too  .then  ^  now^  Sir,  what  lay  :yQife 
^  I  a, tolerable  cook  or  no? 

Fiai.  So  good  a  one,  that  I  did  never  eat  fo 
good  fifh  in  my  life.  This  fifti  is  infinitely 
better  than  any  I  ever  lafted  of  the  kind  in  m/ 
)lfe;  'ids  quite  s^nother  thing,  than  our  Trouts 

P\fc.  You  would  fay  fo,  if  that  Trout  you. 

eatof  were  in  rjght  feafon  :  but  pray  eat  of  the' 

(grayling,  which  upon  my  word,  at  this  timet  is. 

by  mwchtbebftterflflj- 

ViaU 


St       fhi  CouTttrt  AvotnV:     Ptftlf. 

Fiat.  In  earneft,  and  fb  it  is  :  and  I  have  one 
fequcft  to  make  to  you,  which  is,  that  as  you* 
Kavc  taught  me  to  catch  Trout  and  Grayling, 
you  will  now  teach  me  how  to  drefs  them  as  thefts 
are  ifareft,  which  queftioolefs  is  of  all  other  the 
beft  way. 

Pifc.  That  I  will  Sir,  with  all  my  heart,  and 
am  glad  you  like  them  fo  well  as  to  make  that 
lequeft,  and  they  are  dreft  thus. 

Take  your  Trout,  wafh,  and  dry  him  with  «' 
dean  napkin ;  then  open  him,  and  having  taken 
out  his  guts,  and  all  the  blood,  wipe  him  very 
dean  within,  but  wafti  him  not^  and  give  him 
three  fcotchc^  with  a  knife  to  the  bone,  on  one  fide 
only.    After  which  take  a  clean  kettle,  and  put 
in  as  much  hard  ftale  beer,  (but  it  mufli  not  be 
dead)  vinegar,  and  a  little  white  wine  and  water, 
ai^  vriil  cover  the  (i(h  you  intend  to  boil ;  then 
throw  into  the  liquot*  a  good  quantity  of  fsdt,  the 
riad  of  a  lemon,  a  handful  of  diced  horfe-radiih-' 
root,  with  a  handfome  little  faggot  of  rofemary, 
thyme,  and  winter-favory.   Then  tet  yourkettle 
upon  a  quick  fire  of  wood,  and  let  your  liqoof 
boil  up  to  the  height  before  you  put  in  your  fifli;' 
and  then,  if  there  be  many,  put  them  in  one  by 
one,  that  they  may  not  fo  cool  the  liquor  as  to- 
make  it  fall ;  and  whilft  your  fifhis  boding,  beat 
up  the  butter  for  your  fauce  with  a  ladle-niU  or 
two  of  the  liquor  it  is  boiling  in,  and  being 
boiled,  enough,    immediately  pour  the   licpior 
from  the  fifh,  and  being  laid  in  a  difli,  pour  your 
butter  upon  it,  and  ftrewing  it  plentifully  over 
with  fhaved  horfe-radifh,  and  a  little  pounded 
ginger,  garnifh  your  fidesof  your  difh,  andihe  fiOi 
itfeU  with  a  diced  lemon  ortwo,  andiferve  it  up. 

A 


.  A  Grayling  is  aUb  to  be  dreft  exactly  afttf  the 
fiune  tmuiner,  faving  that  he  is  to  be  fcaled^ 
iifiucb  a  Trout  never  is  r  and  that  muft  be  done 
•  lek^f  with  one*s  nails,  or  very  lightly  and  care- 
fviUy  wkh  a  knife,  for  fear  of  bruifing  the  BQau 
And  note,  that  thefe  kinds  of  fi(h,  a  Trout  eipe? 
^iallyi  if  he  is  not  eaten  within  four  or  five  hours 
.alter  he  be  taken,  is  worth  nothing* 

But  come.  Sir,  I  fee  you  have  dined,  and  there- 
fore if  you  pleafe,  we  will  walk  down  again  to 
the  little  houfe,  and  there  I  wiU  read  you  a 
ledure  of  angling  at  the  bottom^i 


t^^m^^^mmmammmmmm^mmm 


\  . 


C  H  A  P.    XI. 

V  lATQK. 

SO,  Sh*^  OQW  we  are  here,  and  fet,  let  mp 
have  my  inftruftions  for  aogkog  for  Trout 
and  Grayling  at  the  bo^om ;  which  thougfi 
not  fo  cafy,  fo  cleaniy,  ^or,  ars  'cis  CAid,  (o  gcn-^ 
feel  a  way  of  filhing  as  with  a  By,  is  yet,  if  I 
m'^bdce  not,  a  good  holding  way,  and  takes  fifli 
when  nothing  elfe  will. 

Fife*  You  arc  «  the  right,  it  does  fo  r  and  a 
worm  is  fofure  a  bait  atall  times,  that,  exc^ptr 
ing  in  a  flood,  I  would  I  had  laid  a  thoufaoct 
l^ndft  that  I  killed  fitb,  more  or  lefs  with  it« 
wincer  or  Aimmer,  every  day  throughout  tim 
year  I  chofe  days  always  excepted,  that,  uponar 
more  ferious  account  always  ought  ib  to  be.  But 
not  longer  to  delay  you,  I  will  begin,  and  teli 
you,  that  angling  at  the  bottom  is  alio  eom^ 
Inonly  c^  two  ibrts ;  and  yet  there  is  a  third  way 
ef  angling  with  a   ground- bait,    and  to  vrry 

'  great 

•  t 


$4       ^^  Co M nttt  Asxit tti,    fat IC 

great  cflTeA  too*  as  fliaH  be  faid  befi6after| 
namely,  by  hand,  or  with  a  cork  or  flbae. 
That  we  call  angliitg  by  band  hofthricfbtiii 
The  firftr  with  a  line  about  half  Ae  leAgf^  df 
the  rod,  a  good  weighty  plum,  and  three  h»ra 
iieirt  the  ho^,  which' we  call^a  running  line,  and 
with  one  large  brandlings  or  a  dew*  worm  ei  i 
moderate  fize,  or  two  finaH  Ones  of  the  firft,  oif 
isiny  other  fort,  proper  for  a  Tnout,  of  which  my 
father  P^alton  has  ahrady  given  you  the  name^i 
tnd  faved  me  'a  labour ;  or  indeed,  almoft  any 
worm  whatevcf;  for  if  a  Traut  be  in  thehti* 
jnour  to  bite,  it  muft  be  fuch  a  worm  as  I  never 
yet  faw,  that  he  will  refufe  ;  and  if  you  fi(h 
with  two,  you  are  then  tx>  bait  your  hook  thus. 
You  are  firft  to  run  the  point  of  your  hook  in 
at  the  very  head  of  your  nrft  worm,  and  fo  down 
<h!t>u|^  his  body,  tiM  it  be  paft  Che  knot,  and 
then  let  it  our^  «iid  (trip  the  worm  above  th« 
armidg,  that  you  may  not  brutfe  it  with  your 
fingers  tiH  you  have  pm  on  the  other,  by^running 
fhe  point  of  the  hook  in  bek>w  the  knot,  and 
tipwards  through  hi$  body  towards  his  headr  till 
It  be  but  juft  covered  with  the  head  ;  which  be» 
ing  done,  you  are  then  to  flip  the  &ft  worm 
down  o\tr  the  arming  again,  till  the  knots  of 
both  worms  meet  together. 

The  fecond  way  of  angling  by  hand,  and 
with  a  running  line,  is  with  a  line  fomething 
Ipnger  than  the  former,  and  with  tadcte  mode 
ait^r  this  fame  manner.  At  tlie  utnu>(t  e3gti*emitf 
^  your  line,  where  the  hook  is  iriways  placed 
in  all  other  ways  of  angling,  you  are  to  have  a 
large  piftol,  or  carbine  bullet,  into  which'  the 
cspd  of  your  line  is  to  be  faftcned  With  a  peg*  or 

"pin, 


tiiti^  even  in6:  cloft  witfr  tbe  bollet,  and  s^dtft 

to 


i  fbot  abdve  tk^rt,  st  htmtk  of  Knt,  of 
two  Or  tfStree  ftatidfub  femg^  or  more,  for  ft 
IWift  ftrtafitt,.  with  a:  hook  ace  tbe  end  therettft. 
baited  with  fetbe  of  the  fytcn^trnd  wormsr,  ^df 
^Ktxothef  half  i^  aboi«rchat,  fttiothet,  arnted  ami 
baked  afur  the"  fame  rmtfiner  v  but  md^  another 
Ibtt  of  womrr,  withotat  Mj  lead  at  2A\  abow  t 
ht  which  cneaas  yon  wiR  always  eertatiily  findi 
the  true  botttom  m  all  depthsr,  whidi  whfr  tht 
{iltrttts  Upon  yocrr  Hne  aijove  yoo  ean  never  d6^ 
but  that  ^otsrr  bait  rtitlf[  alwap  drag  whilft'  yon 
ai^e  fotmdiiigy  which  in  Ais  way  c^  atiglfng 
muft  be  ccintiAually,  by  >*hidh  mtam  you  atij 
Kke  (!o  have  ffione  trouble,  and  ^vttdventut^ 
Wbtfe  foceefe.  And  both  thcfe  ^^p  ctf  angUtfg 
M  the  bottbm  are  moff  proper  for  a  dark  and 
inuddy  water,  by  rcafon  that  in  focha  cbriditi<3ii 
of  the'  Utttzmj  a  man  ttiay  tfand-  ai  /lear  as*  ht 
Wifl^  ai<d  rieiriicf  hisr  own  Ihldbw,  noi^thermiitd- 
neft  of  hi$  tackle,  wiH  hlndef  his  fport. 

Irhe  ttHrd  way  of  angling  by  hand  wich  a^ 
^rourtd-balr,  itid  by  much  the  beft  of  all  other^ 
k,  with  a  lifae  f\llL  as  long,  dr  a  jfard  and  a  half 
kmget  than  yoW  rod,  with  no  morfe  than  one 
hair  rie^t  tht  hObk,  tod  f(^  two  or  tbreeJeDgihs: 
above  it,  find  no  rtlore  than  one  finall  peUec  oi 
(hot  for  your  pium,  your  hook  little,  your  worms 
of  the  fmaller  brandlings  very  well  fcoured,  and 
onlyoAe  fibOrt  your  hook  at  a  time,  which  is 
IhiSfs  to  be  baked.  The  point  of  yo^ir  hook  i$. 
Ito  be  put  in  at  the  vety  tag.  of  his  tail,  and  run 
tjp  his  body  quire  oVier  all  the  arming,  andftill 
ftrrpt  on  an  irtch  at  Icaft  upon' the  hair,  the 
hifead  and  tertvafning  pan  hanging  downward  j.  . 

and 


$6        ^be  CoMFtZTB  Akclyr.    Paitlt 

and  with  this  line  and  book  thus  baited^  you  are 
evermore  to  angle  ia  the  ftreams^  always  in  a 
clear  rather  than  a  tfx>ubled  wa£er»  and  always 
tip  the  river  \  ftiU  cafting  Out  your  worm  before 
you  with  a  light  one«banded  rod,  like  an  artificial 
fly»  where  it  will  be  taken,  ibmetimes  at  the 
top,  or  within  a  very  little  of  the  fuperficies  of 
the  water,  and  almoft  always  before  that  light 
plum  can  fink  it  to  the  bottom ;  both  by  reafoa 
qf  the  ftream,  and  alfo  that  you  muft  always 
keep  your  worm  in  motion  by  drawing  fi:ill  back 
towards  you,  as  ^  you  were  angling  with  a  fly  ; 
and  believe  me,  whoever  will  try  it,  fiiall  find 
this  the  befl:  way  of  all  other  to  angle  with  a 
worm,  \fi  a  bright  water  efpecially ;  but  then 
liis  rod  muft  be  very  light  and  pliant,  and  very 
true  and  finely  made,  which  with  a  fkilful  hand 
will  do  wonders,  and  in  a  clear  ftream  is  un- 
doubtedly the  bell  way  of  angling  for  a  Trout 
or  Grayling  with  a  worm,  by  many  degrees, 
that  any  man  can  make  choice  of,  and  of  moft 
eafe  and  delight  to  the  angler.  To  which  let 
me  add,  that  if  the  angler  be  of  a  conftitution 
that  will  fuffic  him  to  wad^  and  will  flip  into 
the  tail  of  a  (hallow  ftream,  to  the  calf  of  the 
leg  or  the  knee,  and  fo  keep  oflT  the  bank,  he 
Ihall  almofl  take  what  fi(h  he  pkafea^ 

The  fecond  way  of  angling  at  the  bottom  is 
with  a  cork  or  float ;  and  tnat  is  alfo.  of  two 
forts  >  with  a  worm,  or  with  a  grub  or  cadis* 

With  a  worm  you  are  to  have  your  line  withip 
a  foot,  or  a  foot  and  a  half  as  long  as  your  lod ; 
in  a  dark  water,  with  two,  or  if  you  will  with, 
three ;  •  but  in  a  clear  water  never  with  above 
one  hair  next  the  hook^  and  two  or  three  for 

four 


t^hap.^i.  TbH  CoMPLSTt  AKfiLSttl  if 

four  or  five  IcDgthi  above  it^  and  a  worm  t>^ 
what  fize  you  pleafe^  ybur  plums  fitted  c^your* 
cork,  your  cork  to  the  conditioh  of  the  river^ 
that  is^  to  the  fwiftnefs  or  Qownefs  of  it  $  ^nd 
both,  when  the  water  is  very  eleair/  as  fine  a^ 
you  can ;  and  then  you  are  never  to  bait  witll  , 
i^Dove  one  of  the  kfler  fort  of  brandlings  i  or^  if 
they  are  very  little  Ones  indeed^  you  may  then  bait 
with  twoj  after  the  tnanner  before  dircftedi 

When  you  angle  for  a  Trout,  you  irt  to  dd 
it  as  deep,  that  is,  as  near  the  bottom  as  you 
can,  provided  your  bait  do  not  drag ;  or  if  it  do^ 
a  Trout  will  fpmetimes  take -it  in  that  pofture: 
if  for  a  Grayling,  you  are  then  to  fi(h  further 
£rom  the  bottom,  he  being  a  fi(h  that  ufually 
iwims  nearer  to  the  middle  of  the  wattr,  and 
lies  always  loofe;  or  however  is  more  apt  to 
rile  than  a  Trout^  and  more  inclined  to  rife  thail 
to  defcend  even  to  a  ground-bait. 

With  a  grub  or  cadis^  you  ard  ta  angb  with 
the  fame  length  of  line ;  or  if  it  be  all  out  as 
long  as  your  rod^  'tis  not  the  wdrfe^  with  never 
above  one  haif  fdr  t#o  or  three  letigttis  litxt  the 
Jhook^  arid  with  the  fmalltft  cork^  or  floaty  and  the 
lead  weight  of  plum  you  can  tl^at  will  but  (inki 
and  that  the  fwiftnefs  of  your  fticam  wiil  allow  i 
which  alfo  you  may  help,  add  avoid  the  violence 
of  the  current,  by  angling  id  the  returns  df  a 
ftreams  or  the  eddies  betwixt  two  (ifeamSi  Which 
alfo  are  the  mod  likely  places  wherein  td  kill  a 
jifh  in  a  ftrcam,  either  at  the  top  or  bdttqm. 

Of  grubs  for  a  Orayling,  the  adi-grub,.  which 
is  plumpi  milk-white,  bent  round  from  head  to 
taiU  and  exceeding  tender,  with  a  red  he^d  i  or 
the  dock-wormi  or  grub  of  a  pale  yellow,  longeri 

G  g  ianker^ 


St       9'hi  Coitfttrt  AvUtfi.   KnS; 

linker,  and  toogher  than  the  other,  with  nmi 
ol  feet  all  down  his  belly,  and  a  red  head  tifOf 
are  the  befl*,  I  fay  for  a  Grayling  %  becaufe,  tin 
though  a  Trotit  will  odce  both  thefe,  the  sA- 
grub  efpeciaUy,  yet  he  doea  not  do  it  fo  fieely  a^ 
the  other,  and  1  have  ufuaUy  taken  ten  Gray^ 
lings  for  one  Trout  with  that  bait ;.  though  if  m 
Trout  come,  I  have  obTervtd^  thai  he  ia  com-^' 
monly  a  very  good  one. 

Tbefe  b»ts  we  oftially  keep  in  bran^  in  which 
an  aih«grub  commonly  grows  tougher,  and  wiU 
better  endure  baiting  v  though  he  is^  yet  fo  tcnder^^ 
fhat  it  will  be  nece&ry  to^warp  in  a  piece  of 
a  fiiff  hair  with  your  armings  leaving  nt  ftaad-- 
ing  out  about  a  ftraw4ireadth  at  the  had  of  your 
hook,  fb  as  to'  keep  the  grub  eitkev  from-  flip-' 
ping  totally  off  when  baited^  or  at  feaft  down  io^ 
the  point  of  the  hook,  by  which  means  youti 
armme  wilt  be  left  whoUy  naked  and  bare,  whidi 
is  neither  fo  fightly,  nor  fo  likely  to  be  taken.^ 
though  to  help  that,  which  willf  luiwevtv  v^ 
oft  faU  out^  I  always  arm  the  hook  1  defign  fo# 
this  bait  with  the  whtteft  horfe-hair  I  can  etlo^» 
which  itfdf  will  refemble,  and  Aine  l)k«  t4iafS 
bait,  and  confequently  will  da  more  good,  ot 
leis  harm  than  an  arming  of  any  other  edour. 
Thefe  grubs  are  to  be  biuted  thus ;  tbe  ho^  i^ 
to  be  put  in  under  the  head  or  chaps  of  the  bait,, 
and  guided  down  the  middle  of  the  belly  with^ 
out  fuffering  it  to  peep  out  by  the  way  v  for  then- 
the  alh-grub  efpeciaUy  will  iflue  out  water  and 
milk,  till  nothing  but  the  fkin  (halt  remain,  and 
the  bend  of  the  hook  will  appear  black  throi^lt^ 
it,  tilkthe  poincjof  your  hook  come  fo  low  that ' 
the  head  df  your  ba^niay  t^,  and  ftick  upoo* 

•      5  fih^ 


tfie,  fiaif  that  fhnds  otit  to  hold  it  ^  by  wtitchf- 
iftcatrt  it  daft  ndthef  flip  of  itfelf,  ncithtff  wiK 
the  tofce  of  the  ftreartii  nor  cjuick  pulling  otrt^ 
upon  any  miftake,  ftrip  it  off. 

N^ow  tfle  cacfis,  or  cod-bait^  wMch  h  t  fttre 
kilfiftg  btit,  amf  for  tfic  moft  paft,  by  muctr^ 
farcr  than  cither  of  the  othef,  rftaty  b6  put 
upon  the  hook^  two  or  three  together^  ind  is 
fomctinteSj  to  very  great  eflfe^l,  ioJned  to  a  worm, 
and  forftetirfies  to  an  afrtificia!  f!y  to  cdvet  the 
point  of  the  hook ;  but  is  always  to  be  angfcd 
with  at  the  bottonr,  when  by  itfelf  cfpeciaHyt 
with  the  ftneft  tackle  v  arid  is  for  all  times  of  the 
yeaT»  the  moft  holding  bait  of  all  other  what- 
ever, both  for  Tront  and  Grayling. 

'There  are  fcveral  other  baits  bcfid^s  thefe kit 
1  have  named.you,  whfch  aHb  do  very  grtfat 
execution  at  the  bottom,  and  fome  that  are  pe^ 
culiar  to  certain  countries  and  rivers,  of  whi^h 
every  angtcr  may  in  hw  own  placctiiake  his  tjwrr 
obfervation  *,  and  fome  others  that  I  do  not  think 
fit  to  put  you  in  mind  of,  becaufe  I  would  not 
corrupt  you,  and  would  have  you,  as  in  all  things 
clfe  I  obferve  you  w^be,"  aVefy  hone  ft  gentleman^ 
a  fair  anglen  And  fo  much  for  the  fecond  fort^ 
of  angling  for  a  Trout  at  the  bottom. 

Vraf.  Bur,  Sir,  I  bcfeech  you  give  me  leave  t<| 
alk  you  one  queftion,  Is  there  no  art  to  be  ufed  to 
li^orms,  to  make  them  allure  the  fllh,  and  in  a 
manner^  to  compel  them*  to  bite  at  the  bait  ? 

Fife,  ffot  that  1  knoiwr  of;  or  did  I  know  afhy 
fnch  fecret,  I  would  not  tife  it  myfelf,  zrtd  there- 
fore would  not  teach  it  you;  Thoi^  t  will  not 
deny  to  you,  that  in  my  younger  cuys,  I  htvc? 
made  trial  of  oil  ef  ol^ray,  oil  of  ivy,  cartiphire, 

G  g  2  air^"* 


90         The  Cou^tftz  Anottx.    ParllLt. 

afla-feetida)  juice  of  nettles,  and  feveral  other 
devicet  that  I  was  taught  by  (everal  anglers  I 
met  with,  but  could  never  find  any  advanuge 
by  them,  and  can  fcarce  believe  there  is  any 
thing  to  be  done  that  way ;  though  I  mud  tell 
you  I  have  feen  fome  men^  who  I  thought  went 
to  work  no  more  artificially  than  I,  and  have 
yet  with  the  fame  kind  of  worms  I  had,  in  my 
own  fight  taken  five,  and  fometimes  ten  for  one. 
But  we'll  let  that  bufinefs  alone,  if  you  plcafe  ^ 
and  becaufe  we  have  time  enough,  and  that  I 
would  deliver  you  from  the  trouble  of  any  more 
le Aures,  I  will,  if  you  pleafe,  proceed  to  the  lad 
way  of  angling  for  a  Trout  or  Grayling,  which 
is  in  dMT  middl%  after  which,  I  fball  have  no  more . 
to^lifble  you' with. 

.  Tis  no  trouble.  Sir,  but  the  greated 
fadion  that  can  be,  and  I  attend  you. 


CHAP.    XII. 

P  1  S  C  A  T  O  K. 

ANGLING  in  the  middle  then,  for  a 
Trout  or  Grayling,    is  of  two  forts  ^ 
with  a  pink  or  minnow  for  a  Trout,  or 
wkh  a  worm,  grub,  or  cadis  for  a  Grayling. 

For  the  firft,  it  is  with  a  minnow  half  a  foot, 
or  a  foot  within  the  fuperficies  of  the  water  ^  and 
as  to  the  reft  that  concerns  this  fort  of  angling, 
I  Jhall  wholly  refer  you  to  Mr.  fPallof^s  dirc&ion^ 
who  is  undoubtedly  the  bed  angler  with  a  min- 
now in  England  I  only  in  plain  truth  I  do  not  ap- 
6  prove 


Chap.  XII.  J'fo  CoMPLBTi  Anglsr:     ^T 

prove  of  thofe  baits  he  keeps  infalt,  unlefs  where 
the  living  ones  are  not  poflibly  to  be  had ;  though 
1  know  be  frequently  kills  with  them,  and  perad- 
venture  more,  than  with  anj other;  nay,  I  have 
it^en  him  refufe  a  living  one  for  one  of  them,  and 
much  lefs  of  his  artificial  one;  for  though  we 
do  it  with  a  counterfeit  fly,  methinks  it  fhould 
hardly  be  cxpefted,  that  a  man  (hould  deceive  a 
fi(h  with  a  counterfeit  fi(h.  Which  having  faid, 
I  (hall  only  add^  and  that  out  of  my  own  expe- 
rience, that  I  do  believe  a  bull-head,  with  his 
gill-fins  cut  ofi^,  at  fome  times  of  the  year  efpe- 
Cially,  to  be  a  much  better  bait  for  a  Trout  than 
jx  minnow,  and  a  loach  much  better  than  that ; 
to  prove  which,  1  Ihall  only  tell  you,  that  I  have 
much  oftener  taken  Trouts  with  a  bull-head  or 
a  loach  in  their  throats,  for  there  a  Trout  has 
queftionlels  his  firft  digeftion,  than  a  minnow  $ 
and  that  one  day  efpecially,  having  angled  a 
^ood  part  of  the  day  with  a  minnow,  and  that 
in  as  hopeful  a  day,  and  as  fit  a  water,  as  could 
be  wifht  for  that  purpofe,  without  railing  any 
one  fifh ;  I  at  lafl:  fell  to  it  with  the  worm,  and 
with  that  took  fourteen  in  a  very  (hort  fpace ; 
amongft  all  which,  there  was  not  to  my  remem- 
brance, fo  much  as  one,  that  had  not  a  loach 
or  two,  and  fome  of  them  three,  four,  five,  and 
fix  loaches,  in  his  throat  and  ftoniach  ;  from 
whence  1  concluded,  that  had  I  angled  with  that 
bait,  I  had  made  a  notable  day's  work  of  it. 

But  after  all,  there  is  a  better  way  of  angling 
with  a  minnow,  than  perhaps  is  fit  either  to  teach' 
or  to  pradlife;  to  which  I  (hall  only  add,  that 
a  Grayling  will  certainly  rife  at,  and  fometimes 
take  a  minnow,  though  it  will  be  hard  to  be  be- 

G  g  ^  licved 


jkve^  hy  any  ene^  who  A^H  cQQfidtr  the  little- 
licfs  of  that  fi0i's  mouth,  very  unQt  to  Jtuke  fo 
great  a  bait :  but  is  affirmed  by  many,  that  ^9 
will  fometimes  dp  it  -,  and  I  piyfelf  know  it  to 
\)C  true  i  for  though  I  iiever  to<^  ^  QrayUng  fc^ 
yet  a  m^n  pf  mine  once  didy  and  within  fo  few 
paces  of  nne,  that  I  am  as  cenain  pf  it,  as  I 
can  be  of  any  thing  I  did  not  fee,  which  m^de  it 
appear  the  noore  (Irange ;  the  Gr^j^Ung  was  not 
above  eleven  inches  long. 

I  muQ:  here  alfo  beg  leave  of  your  mafter^  wd 
mine,  not  to  controvert,  but  to  tell  him,  that  I 
cannot  coafent  to  his  way  of  throwing  in  his  rod 
f o  an  overgrown  Trout,  and  afterwards  reCQVi^rr 
ing  his  fi(h  with  his  tackle.  For  though  I  am 
fatisfied  he  has  fometimes  done  it,  becaujiir  he 
fays  (o^  yet  t  have  found  it  quite  otberwife ;  and 
though  I  h^ve  taken  with  the  angle,  I  majr 
faftly  fay,  Um\^  thoufands  of  T^puts  in  rny  life,| 
my  top  never  fhapt,  though  my  lin^  ftill  jconti* 
Dued  fail  to  the  remaining  part  of  my  rod^  by 
f^me  lengths  pf  line  curled  roi^nd  about  my  top^ 
and  there  fad^ned  with  waxt  Gll^,  9gaii|(l:  fuch  m 
accident ;  nor  my  hand  never  flackt,  or  flipt  by 
any  other  chance,  but  I  alrnoft  alway$  infallibly 
iioft  my  fiQi*  whether  great  or  liitle,  though  my 
hook  came  home  again.  And  I  have  often  won^ 
dered  how  a  Trout  fliould  fo  fuddenly  difengag^ 
himfelf  from  fo  great  a  hook,  as  that  we  bait 
with  a  minnow,  and  (b  deep  bearded,  as  thofe 
books  commonly  are  \  when  I  hav^  feen  by  the 
forenamed  accidents,  or  the  flipping  of  a  knot 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  line,  by  fudden  and 
hard  ftriking,  that  though  the  line  has  immedi- 
gtely  been  recovered,  almoft  before  it  could  beal| 

drawn 


Chap.  3tn.   Ti^CouPLETE  AnGisR.      ^3 

.drawn  into  the  water,  the  fifli  cleared,  and  gone 
m  a  moment.  And  yet  to  juflify  what  h^  fays, 
I  have  fometimes  known  a  Trout,  having  carried 
away  a  whole  line,  found  dead,  three  or  four 
days  after,  with  the  hook  fall  (licking  in  him : 
but  then  it  is  to  be  fuppofed  he  had  gorged  i^ 
which  a  Trout  wiU  do,  if  you  be  not  too  quicjc 
with  him  when  he  comes  at  a  minnow,  as  fure 
and  much  fooner  than  a  Pikej;  and  I  myielf 
have  alfo,  once  or  twice  in  my  life,  taken  the 
iame  fiib  with  my  own  fly  flicking  in  his  chaps, 
th^t  he  bad  taken  from  me  the  day  before,  by 
the  flipping  of  A  hook  in  the  armings  but  I  am 
very  confident  a  Trout  will  not  be  troubled 
two  hours  with  any  hook,  that  has  (o  much  ^s 
one  b.andful  of  line  left  behind  with  it,  or  that 
is  not  fl:ruck  through  a  bone,  if  it  be  in  any 
oart  of  h\s  mouth  onlv  i  nay,  I  do  certainty 
*now,  that  a  Trout,  fo  iooo  as  ever  he  feels  hino- 
felf  prickt,  if  he  carrios  away  the  hoojc,  goes 
immediately  to  the  botton^,  and  will  there  root 
like  a  hog  ^ipon.the  gravel,  till  he  either  rub  Qut« 
,or  break  the  hook  in  the  middle.  Apd  fo  much 
^  for  this  firfl  fort  of  angling  in  the  middle  for  a 
Trout. 

The  fecond  way  of  angling  in  the  middle,  is 
with  a  worm,  grub,  cadis,  or  any  other  ground- 
bait  for  a  Grayling ;  and  that  is  with  a  cork,  and 
a  foot  from  the  bottom,  a  Grayling  taking  it 
much  better  there  than  at  the  bottom,  as  has 
been  faid  before ;  and  this  always  in  a  clear  water, 
and  with  the  fined  tackle. 

To  which  we  may  alfo,  and  with  very  good 
reafon,  add  the  third  way  of  angling  by  hand 
with  a  ground  bait,  as  a  third  way  ax  fifliing  in 

G  g  4  the 


r 

P4         The  CoMrLBTE  Anolsr.    Parti!, 

^he  middle,  which  is  common  to  both  Trout 
and  Grayling,  and  as  I  faid  before,  the  beft  wa^ 
of  angling;  with  a  worm,  of  all  Other  I  ever  tried 
whatever. 

And  now.  Sir,  I  have  fejd  ^11  I  can  at  prefcnt 
think  of  concerning  angling  for  a  Trout  aiid 
Grafting,  and  I  doubt  not  have  tired  you  fuffl- 
ciencly ;  but  I  will  give  you  no  more  trouble  of 
this  kind,  whilfl:  yoi|  Hay,  which  1  hope  will  i^ 
fi  good  while  longeri 

Fiat.  That  will  not  be  abovf  a  day  longer  j 
but  if  I  live  till  Af^y  come  twelvc-nionth,  you 
arc  fure  of  me  again,  either  with  my  maltJcr 
Walton^  or  without  him ;  and  in  the  mean  tinie 
JThall  acquaint  him  how  nouch  you  have  made  of 
me  for  his  fake,  and  I  hope  he  loves  me  well 
enough  to  thank  you  for  It. 

Pifc.  I  (hall  be  glad.  Sir,  of  ypurgood  com* 
pany  at  the  titne  you  fpeak  of,  and  (hall  be  loath 
to  part  with  you  now ;  but  when  you  tell  me  you 
fiiuft  go,  I  will  then  wait  upon  you  more  mile$ 
on  your  way,  thao  I  have  tempted  you  out  of  ii^ 
^nci  heartily  v?i(h  you  a  good  journey. 


v.- 


h 


[95  3 


ir 


■»■»——   I  !■■■  ■■    ■        — ^^>M^M»»^P— »l*iM<> 


-»m»mmim^m»m.^m^^mtUmJi^>^^^>!^fi^m^mml^tim^i 


A   SHORT 


DISCOURSE 

?  Y    WAY    OP 

POSTSCRIPT, 

TOUCHING  THZ 

LAWS    of    ANGLING*. 

My  good  Friend, 

I  Cannot  but  tender  my  particular  thanks  to 
you,  for  that  you  have  been  pleafed  by  three 
editions  of  your  Complete  Angler,  freely 
to  difpenfe  your  dear-bought  experiences  to  all 
the  lovers  of  that  art ;  and  have  thereby  fo  excel* 
lently  vindicated  the  legality  thereof,  as  to  divine 
approbation,  that  if  I  Ibould  go  about  to  fay  more 
in  that  behalf,  it  indeed  were  to  light  a  candle 
to  the  fun.  But  fince  all  pleafures  (though  never 
fo  innocent  in  themfelves)  lofe  that  damp,  when 
they  arc  either  purfued  with  inordinate  affedltons, 
or  to  the  prejudice  of  another;   therefore  as 

*  This Difcoarfe  was  firftpubliOied  with»  and  was  printed 
at  the  end  of  the  Third  Edition  ofJTaitoHh  book  ;  *but,  as 
the  fabjefl  matter  of  it  does  as  well  relate  to  Cotton^  fecond 
part  as  to  the  other,  it  was  thought  proper  to  tranipofe  \u 

to 


% 


^       ritf  LA  WS  ^  Anolimc^ 

to  the  former,  every  man  ougjbt  to  endeavour, 
throvigh  a  fcrious  confidetatrOn  pf  the  vjinity  of 
ivorldty  contentments,  to  moderate  his  affedions 
tHereunto,  whereby  they  may  be  made  of  excel- 
lent ufe,  as  fome  poiibns  allayed  are  in  phyfick : 
:ind  as  to  the  latter,  we  are  to  have  recourfe  to 
the  known  laws,  ignorance  wheretrf  excufe^i  no 
hian,  and  therefore  oy  their  directions  fo  to  fquarc 
cur  adlions,  that  we  hurt  no  man,  but  keep  clofe 
CO  that  golden  rule.  To  do  to  all  men,  as  we 
wpqid  Qurfclves  be  done  uptOt 

yiow  jconceraitig  the  Art  of  Angling,  we  may 
conclude.  Sir,  that  as  you  have  proved  it  to  be  of 
great  antiqu^yj  fol  ^d  it/awured  by  the  laws 
of  this  kingdom ;  for  where  provifion  is  made  by 
•ur  Statute  prim  Bltza^.  cap.  \  7.  againtl  cakiqg 
fi(h  by  nets  that  be  not  of  fuch  and  fuch  a  fize 
there  fet  down,  yet,  thofe  law-  makers  had  fomuch 
refpeft  to  anglers,  as  to  es^cept  them  \  and  leave 
them  at  liberty  fo  catch  as  big  as  they  could,  and 
*  as  little, as  they  wogld  c^ch.  And  .yet  though 
(his  Apoftolical  recreatioa  be  fimply  in  itfdf  Is^- 
f  oK  y^t  no  man  can  go  uppn  another  man's  ground 
to  fim,  wifhoiK  his  licence,  but  that  he  is  a  trrf- 
pafler ;  but  if  a  oian  have  liqence  to  enter  into.a 
eiofc  or  ground  for  fuch  a  ^ace  of  timq,  there 
though  he  praftife  angling  all  that  time,  he  is 
not  a  trefpafler,  becau^  his  (ifting  is  qo  abufe 
of  his  licence:  but  this  b  to.bc  underftoqd  pf 
Tunning  ftreams,  and  not  of  ponds  or  Handing 
pools  -,  for  in  cafe  of  a  pond  or  ftanding  podl, 
the  owner  thereof  hath  a  property  in  thefini,  and 
they  are  fo  far  faid  to  be  his,  that  be  toay  have 
tcefpafs  iQX  the  fi(h  agaioftany  one  that  fliaU  take 
them  wiehout  bis  licence^  thot^gh  it  be  upon  a 

com- 


5^^  tA?rs^^  A??GLm(?:      ^f 

P^amoth  OF  adjoioing  tx>  tli€,k\og^higi\mv^  • 
or  adjoinisig  to  mother  m^s  ground,  who  g1  ve^ 
ikence ;  t^t  in  cafe  of  a  river,  where  one  or 
moit  JbtVc  /t^^ri^  pifcaria  only^  it  ia  btherwifc, 
fiar  there  the  £(hes  arc  faid  to  be/er^  Mi^a,  ami 
tj^  pking  of  ithem  with  as  angle  is  not  trefpaft, 
|or  that  np  man  is  faid  to  h^ve  a  property  in  them 
(iU  be  have  caught  thi^m :  and  then  it  is  a  tref^ 
pais  for  any  to  take  thetQ  from  him.  JBut  thi^  is 
not  be  underdood  of  fiftes  confined  to  a  nun'is 
g«Q  ground  by  j^ates  or  otherwife,  fo  that  they 
c^not  :pa(i  aw^Yi  bpit  msiy  be  taken  out  or  put 
in  at  pleafure,  for  in  that  ca(e  the  p^ty  hath  « 
property  m  (henii  as  in  the  catc  of  a  jGtanding 
pool. 

Bw  where  any  .one  haUj  fiparaUs  pifcaria^  as 
in  Gfe^//  and  G^i^nhilh  Cafe  in  ,  ^ 
frin.  J 5.  C^r.  I,  in  the  King's-  ^^  ^''''  "»• 
^mcb^  there  it  feemeth  that  the  filh  may  be  faid 
no  be  his,  becaufe  no  man  elfe  may  tak^e  them 
whilfk  tbey  are  within  his  lcvcral-fi(hing:  there-* 
jore  what  i$  meant  by  a  feveral-fiibing  is  neceflary 
to  be  confidered.  And  though  the  difference 
between  a  free-Blhing,  and  a  feveral-Q(bing,  bo 
Dften  tteated  of  in  the  antient  books  of  the  law^ 
god  fomc  opinions  will  have  the  difference  to  bo 
great,  and  others  fmall  or  nothing  at  all ;  ye^ 
the  ccrtaineft  definition  of  a  feveral  fifhing  is, 
whereijinehath  the  royalty,  andowneth  the  ground 
on  each  fide  of  the  water ;  which  agreeth  witif 
Sir  W^ilHam  Caltbrop^s  cafe,  where 

an  afition  was  brought  by  him    ^jd  I-'L'^'o'l' 
agamft  another  for  fifemg  m  bis    .^  ^ 
feveral-fiihing,  (ffc.  to  which  the 
defendant  pleaded.  That  the  place  wherein  the 

trefpafs 


^*       ^^  LAWS  ^  Akclihg? 

trcfpafs  was  fuppol^d  to  he  done,  contained  ten 
perches  of  land  in  kngth,  and  twenty  perches 
in  breadth,  which  was  his  own  freehold  at  the 
time  whert  the  trefpafs  was  fuppofcd  to  be  done, 
and  that  he  fiihed  there  as  was  lawful  for  him 
to  do;  and  this  was  adjudged  a  good  plea  by 
4he  whole  court :  and  upon  argument  in  thiat 
very  cafe  it  was  agreed,  that  no  man  could  have 
a  feveral-fifhing  but  in  his  own  foil,  and  that 
frce-fi(hing  may  be  in  the  foil  of  another  man  % 
which  was  all  agreed  unto  by Uttkton^  ourfamous 
Englijh  lawyer.  So  that  from  all  this  may  be 
drawn  this  (hort  conclufion.  That  if  the  angler 
take  care  that  he  offend  not  with  his  feet,  there 
is  no  great  danger  of  his  hands. 

But  there  are  fome  covetous  rigid  perfons, 
whole  fouls  hold  no  fympathy  with  thofe  of  the  in- 
nocent anglers  ^  havins  either  got  to  be  lords  of 
royalties,  or  owners  of  lands  adjoining  to  rivers, 
and  thele  do,  by  fome  apted  clownilh  nature  and 
education  for  the  purpofe,  infult  and  domineer 
over  the  innocent  angler,  beating  him,  breaking 
his  rod,  or  at  leaft  taking  it  from  him  *,  and 
ibmetimes  imprifoning  his  perfon  as  if  he  were 
a  felon.  Whereas  a  true-bred  gentleman  fcorhs 
thofe  fpider-like  attempts,  and  will  rather  re- 
frtrfli  a  civil  ftranger  at  his  table,  than  warn 

*  There  is  no  reading  tbis  paiTage  without  figaring  to 
one's  imagination  the  poor,  humble,  patient  angler^  ftand- 
ing  flill  and  defencelefs,  while  the  meicilefs  lord  of  the 
manor  is  laying  him  on  with  a  (lick>  perhaps  the  butt  of  his 
own  rod,  or  a  worfe  weapon.  I  will  not  difpute  with  the 
author,  but  that  the  aieekneA  and  fabmiffion  of  the  poor 
fiiher  npon  this  occaiion  are  very  becoming  ;  boC  this  (art 
«f  paflive  valooi:  is  rather  to  be  admired  than  imitated. 

him 


9%e  LAWS   df  Akglivc;        9^ 

htm  from  coming  on  bis  ground  upon  fo  innocent 
an  occafion.  It  (hould  therefore  be  conlidered 
bow  far  fuch  furious  drivers  are  warranted  by  the 
Iaw9  and  what  the  angler  may  (in  cafe  of  fuch 
violence)  do  in  defence  of  himfclf:  If  I  come 
upon  iinother  man's  ground  without  his  licence, 
or  the  licence  of  the  law,  I  am  a  trefpaffcr,  for 
which  the  owner  many  have  an  adion  of  trefpafs 
againft  me  •,  and  if  I  continue  there  after  warning 
to  depart  by  the  owner,  or  his  fervant  thereunto 
authorized,  the  owner,  or  his  fervant  by  his  cool* 
mand,  may  put  me  off  by  force,  but  not  beat  me, 
but  in  cafe  of  refinance  by  me,  for  then  I  (by 
t^fifting)  make  the  afTault ;  but  if  he  beat  me,  I 
not  reiifting,  in  that  cafe,  he  makes  the  aflault, 
and  I  may  beat  him  in  defence  of  myfelf,  and  to 
Iree  myfelf  from  his  violence.  And  in  cafe  I  (ball 
leave  my  rod  behind  in  his  ground,  he  may  ukc 
it  damage  feaf ant ^  but  he  can  neither  take  it  from 
my  perlon  by  force,  nor  break  it,  but  he  is  a  tref- 
paSer  to  me.  Which  feems  clear  by  the  cafe  of^ 
Rtynell  and  Cbampernoon^  where         , 

i8gy».//broughtanaaionoftref.  S^'.^'cL  «"". '' 
pafs  agalnii  Cbampernoon  for 
caking  and  cutting  his  nets  ;  the  defend)antjufl:i' 
fied  for  that  he  was  feized  in  fee  of  a  feveral-fifli- 
ing,  and  that  the  plaintiff  with  others  endea- 
voured to  row  upon  his  water,  and  with  the  nets 
to  catch  his  fifli,  and  that  for  the  fafeguard  of 
his  fifliing  he  took  and  cut  the  nets  and  oars ;  to 
which  plea  the  plaintiff  detmirred  ;  and  there  it 
was  adjudged  by  the  wbole  court,  that  he  could 
not  by  fuch  colour  cut  the  nets  and  oars  \  and 
judgment  was  thereupon  given  for  the  plaintifiv 

Doubtlefs 


lob      fht  LAWS  of  AttGtiitd^ 

• 

Doubtfcfs  our  fore-fathers  well  cottMtttdi 
that  man  toman  was  a  wolf,  ancf  therefore madttf 
good  laws  ccrkee p  OS  frdm  (fevowinfgonc  another  j 
and  anrongft  the  reft  a  Very  gocS  Statute  wacf 
made  in  the  three  ^nd  forttetn  year  of  Q^ctrt 
Elizaietbj  whereby  h:  is  provided,  that  fh  per^ 
ibnul  aftrons  m  tfte  courts  at  VP^eJhnir^tf^  (being 
not  fbr  land  or  battery)  tvhen  h  fhall  appear  td 
the  judges,  (and  be  fo  by  them  fignifiedj  tfcac 
die  debt  Cr  damages  to* be  recovered  amonnc  not 
to  th^  fum  of  foYty  flrilfings  or  above,  the  fetrf 
judges  fhaR  awi»-d  to  the  plaintiff  no  more  coifs' 
than  damages,  but  lefs  at  their  difcretion. 

And  now  wtthr  my  acknowledgment  of  the 
advantage  I  have  bad  both  by  your  friendfliip* 
and  your  book,  1  with  nothing  majr  ever  be*  that 
looks  Trfcc  an  alteration  in  the  ftrft ;  xsx  any 
thing  hr  the  laft,  tmlcft,  by  reafon  of  the  ufefrf 
pfeafore  of  ft,  ;^oti  had  calleid  it  The  Arcadia  of 
AN-GLiicGi  for  It  dcferves  that  title,  andlwCHild 
dcfervf  the  continuance  of  your  friendflrip. 

Since  the  wilting  the  foregoing  difcooiirre,  the 
laws  of  this  country,  relative  to  fifhand  fiihing^ 
Kave  undergone  Iwh  cotifiderabie  altcratiofis  as 
woutd  alone  juftify  an  addition  to  it  5  but  as  it 
b^,  of  Jate,  beenobjefterf  to  all  laws  that  afi%n 
an  cxclafive  right  in  j(ny  of  the  cnfatores  of 
God  Its  p^rrrcui'ar  ranks  or  orders  of  men,  that 
they  favour  of  barbarrifhi,  and  are  ctffcoIatetJ  tor 
lerve  the  ptirpoftrs  of  tyranny  awd  aembitiDns;  tf 
was  thx)nghr  nieceflary  ro  trace  the  matter Jiifther 
back,  a-nd  (hew  from  whence  laws  df  this  kirtrf 
derive  thtir  force.  And  tho*  it  is  not  imagincrf 
that  fpcculaciv;  arguments  will  operate  upon 

men 


men  of  licentioas  princtpfes,  y«  «  the  gctwrsri 
lenof  of  this  work  fappofes  the  angfcr  ft)  be  em? 
dued  with  reafors  and  uttder  the  doinrnrot>  of 
confciencc,  it  may  not  be  amift  to  Hate  the  ob« 
Ifgation  he  b  imder  to  an  obfefvartce  of  fbclk 
fows,  and  to  point  oat  to  hitn  the  fet^eral  m- 
ftances  where  he  cantiot  ptirfM  hts  recreation 
withoat  the  rifque  of  his  qcriet. 

Property  is  univcrfeHy  allowed  to  be  fotittdtdl 
onoccupancjTy  the  very  notion  dl  which  impfief 
hiduftry,  or  fome  aA  in  the  occupant^  of  whidt 
HO  ftranger  has  a  rrghr  taarail  hiifrfetf  ^  ht  eha* 
firft  took  pofleffion  of  an  tmcukrvatcd  traft  ol 
fend,  provided  h;  was  no  more  than  neeefl&fy 
for  the  fobfiftencc  of  himfelf  and  his  fkmify^y 
ftccamc  thereby  the  proprietor  of  fuch  land; 

Mr.  Loch  iHuflmtcs  this  doftrhte  by  aff  ete^ 
gant  mftance  5  ••  The  water  nmnfng  i^  the  fcrui^- 
^  tain,  fays  he,  rs  every  ones ;  Btjt  that  rfr  the 
••  pitcher  is  his  who  draws  it.**  Ors  dovem^ 
Mtftfy  1  St. 

And  if  this  reafoning  be  admitted  m  She  earfe 
tf  land,  which  is  ranked  among  the  irftrtidveabfe 
c^bjedtsof  property,  it  is  much  ftrongcr  in  favour 
ctf  things  moveat^e,  the  right  of  wUch  h.  at 
Mce  ckimedy  and  fortified  by  aa  a£lual  poiT^ffion 
and  reparation  from  chat  common  mafa  i>ni^biGhr 
they  were  originally  fuppofcd  to  cxift.. 

But  notwiihftanding  the  innumefabte  ^pfo- 
^iauons  yAw^h  ia  the  prcfeat  civiHs^ed  ft  ate  cif 
lkmm>f\dj  ^pt2if  i^  ha^e  been  madir^  iber^  ^'^ 
many  thrngs  whith  rtray  yet  be  faid  to  be  m 
common  and  in  a  ((ace  of  natural  liberty ;.  in  thh 
dafs  we  (nay  rank^  creat^^res  pru^  natura,  beafts* 
of  chace»  many  kinds  of  fowl,    and  41II  Rih.- 

Ihc 


/ 


t  102  ] 

Tlie  fifliemuui  in  Phuaus  admits,  that  none  pi 
the  601  were  his,  while  they  remained  in  their 
projpcr  element,  and  iofifts  only  on  his  right  to 
thole  which  he  had  caught.  Rudensy  Aft  4. 
Scene  3,  And  both  the  Jemfif  and  Roman 
lawyers  aiierc,  that  wild  beads  and  filh  belong 
only  to  thofe  who  take  them  ^. 

This  notion  has  led  many  perfons  to  ioiagine^ 
that,  even  now,  there  fubfifts  d  general  com- 
munity of  thefe  creatures ;  and  Siat,  at  this 
day,  every  one  has  a  right  to  take  them  to  his 
own  ufe  wherever  he  Bnds  them.  Not  to  infift^ 
that  if  all  men  promifcuoufly  were  permitted  the 
exercife  of  this  right,  it  would  be  of  very  little 
benefit  to  any,  it  may  fufEce  to  fay,  that  there 
are  few  civilized  countries  that  have  not  found  it 
neceflary  either  for  promoting  fome  public  good^ 
or  averting  fome  public  mifchief,  to  controul  it 
by  exprels  prohibitions  \  and  how  far  fuch  pro* 
hibitions  are  deemed  lawful  and  binding  on  thd 
confciences  of  thofe  on  whom  they  are  impofed,- 
will  appear  by  confulting  the  authorities  in  the: 
tcaxgm  f ;  and  it  is  worth  noting,  chat  laws 

*  Scld.  De  Jure  tJat,    iS  Gent,  juxta  Difcip.  Ebr/eon 

Lib.  IV.  Cap.  4.  Inftit.  Lib.  II.  Tit.  i.  De  rerum  <£rw- 

Jume  l£  acquirendo  earum  Dominio,     However,  this  is  to  b^ 

anderftood  only*in  cafes  wherein  there  is  no  law  to  forbid  it^ 

Grot.  De  Jure  Belli  ac  Pacis^  Lib.  II.  Cap.  2.  §.  5. 

t  PafFcndorf  De  Jure  Nat,  fcf  Gent.  Lib.  IV.  Cap.  6i 
4.  6.  Gudelin  Dejure  NjviJJimo^  Lib.  II.  Cap.  2..D.  Lib. 
XLI.  Tif.  2.  De  acquirend.  'vel  admittend,  Pojeji  See  alfd 
Garcilajfo^  de  la  Vega  Comm.  Reg.  Lib.  VI.  Cap.  6.  Where 
banting,  by  the  inferior  fort,  is  prohibited,  leil,  fays  the 
law,  ••  men  betaking  thcmielves  to  the  pleafure  of  the 
'•_field,  fhoold  delight  in  a  continued  co.irfe  of  fports,  andf 
••  fp  negled  the  DecefTary  provifion  and  maintenance  of 
••  their  families." 

made 


made  to  pmh&it  the  tdcing  tf  citatum  /etm 
tttMn%  bfpaSMt  unqudifitcU  do  not  take  firom 
a  man  wxf  thiog  wiuch  is  Us  owb  ;  hue  dicy 
baidy  forbid  die  ufe  of  ceitaia  tnetkodli  of  ac« 
qutficion^  which  tfa^  kw  of  Datucc  mighty  pen^ 
lutfis^  alloffr  o£  Pt^otdogf^k  JmNa^  isf  Gent^ 
iJb.  IV,  Caf.  6.  §.  6  * 

Agrwabls  to  the  priocifilcs  here  laid  dowa>we 
SdA^  that  the  laws  of  ni6ft  coootries,  at  leafl: 
of  ^is^  have  afi^gaed  the  property  in  the  crea^ 
cures  in  quefkion  to  paatipalalr  perfons :  diiia  toi 
xoyal  fi(h»  which  am  Whaks  and  Sturgeons^ 
che  k\v%  is  iatitkd  bf  his  prerogative ;  and  the 
pooperqr  of  Rfkk  in  rismrs^  or  ai  Icafl^  a  rigbtf 
to  take  thcia^  is^  tn  many  places,  giveD  to  corV. 
porations  \  as  with  us,  the  fi(hery  of  slie  river 
Thames  is  granted  to  the  gtty  of  Lcnduti  imithoi 
tpvnfmen  of  Hmignfmrdj  in  Berh^w%  claiiil  a 
right  of  fifliiog  »  chat  part  <^  ^he  xisrtr  KtmeK- 
oaUed  dimr  axximon  water«  under  a  grant  fhm ' 
Jabrt  of  Gmmtj  who,  we  may  fupfsok^  deriwd 
n  &om  the  crawn  ^  ;  but  in  vaoSi  iaftances  fifli 
belong  to  the  owner  of  the  fotl. 

Tfattie  principles  being  rccogRized^  and  pro^ 
jperty  oncefetdod,  it  is  eafy  to  fee  the  n^cefiity  ami ' 
the  joftioe  d  jfencing  it  wiidi  poGdve  laws  y  zq^ 
cordingly^  in  this  cgnntcyy  judicid  detefmina^ 
tions  havc^  from  time  to  time, .  been  made,  af«» 


Ziegltr  on  GnttMft  Lib.  IL  C^p*  £•$«{«. 

,  f  The  toiiwfmeii  of  ltbmgfrfir4  b«vf  s  borOy  boldiag , 
sboat  a  quart,  tbe  lofiriptioii  wKereof  afirns  it  to  havd 
been  given  by  John  of  Gaunt ,  ajong  with  the  tiat'ffiinjr' 
(lb  it  is  thefem  esprelSd)  in  a  jcertiiin  part  of  tbe  riven 

H  h  ccrtatnlng 


[104) 

eertiuning  the  rights  of  perlbxis  to  fifhemes ;  and 
thefe,  together  with  the  feveral  llatutes  enaAed 
to  prevent  the  deftru&ion  of  fi(b,  compofe  the 
laws  relating  to  fifh  and  fiihing ;  the  formei', 
by  way  of  fup^lement  to  the  foregoing  difcourfe, 
are  here  laid  down,  aqd  the  latter  will  be  refers 
fed  to. 

The  property  which  the  common  law  ^ives 
in  river-fim  uncaught,  is  of  that  kind  which 
18  cdMcd/pecial^  or  qualified  property ;  which  fee 
defined  by  Lord  Coke^  in  his  Reports,  Pari  y. 
^Q.  I  J.  b.  and  is  derived  out  of  the  right  to  the 
place  or  foil  where  fuch  filh  live :  fo  that,  fup- 
pofing  them,  at  any  given  inftant,  to  belong  to 
one  perfon,  whenever  they  refort  to  the  foil  of 
water  of  another,  they  become  his  property,  and 
&  in  infinitum. 

i  And  to  prove  that  this  notion  of  a  flu&uating 
or  tranfitory  property,  is  what  the  law  allows,  we 
need  only  apply  it  to  the  cafe  of  the  water  in  a 
river ;  which  is  fo  conftantly  paffing  from  the  foil 
of  one  to  another,  that  no  man  can,  in  ftriftnefs, 
be  faid  to  go  twice  to  the  fan^  river ;  and  yet,. 
by  a  grant  gf  any  given  quantity  of  land  covered 
with  water,  which  is  the  only  legal  defignation. 
erf  aTiver,  nor  only  a  certain  traft  of  the  river, 
but  the  fiih  contained  in  it,  (hall  pafs,  (^ftCokf 
on  Lftikiony  4..  z.  ^ 

Iq  thp  Regijierj  a  very  ancient  law-book,  we ' 
find.tWQ  writs  relating  to  fifh ;  the  one,  for  the 
unlawful  taking  df  b5k  in  a  feveral-fifhery ;  and 
the  otficr,  in  i  fr?e-fifliery^  and  of  thcfe  in 
.their  order, 

A.  feveralrfiihery,  is  that  which  a  man  is  in? 
(itied  tq  ii\  refpe£):  oif  his  being  the  owner  of  the 

<S  -  foil, 


r  105  I    - 

•»  •     •        ■      * 

{oil,  snd  IS  what  no  one  can  have  in  the  land  of 
another,  unlefs  by  fpecial  grant  or  prefcription  5 
and  whoever  (hall  fifh  in  iSch  a  feveraVfifliery, 
without  a  licence^  is  liable  to  an  at^ion  of  tref* 
pafs,  in  which  the  plaintiff  may  well  demand  ; 
wherefore^  in  the  plaintiffs  fever alfijhery^  ih^ 
defendant  was  Jijhingy  and  his  fifhe$  took,  &c.  for 
though  the  filh  be/^^  natura^  yet  being  taken 
in  the  water  of  the  owner  of  the  fiver,  they  are 
faid  to  be  bis  lifh,  without  faying  in  his  foil  or . 
water,  3d  Croke^s  Reports,  553.  Child  and  Green- 
MPs  cafe ;  but  he  muft  fet  forth  the  nature  and 
number  of  the  fifli  taken,  5  Croke*s  Reports,  35. 
Playter^s  cafe,  and  3d  Croke  18, 

A  frec-fiflicry  is  a  right  to  take  fi(h  in  the 
water  and  foil  of  another,  and   is  derived  out 
df  a  feveral-filhcry.     If  one  feized  of  a  river, 
without  including   the   foil,    grants   ^  feverj^l- 
filhery,  or,   which  amounts  to  no  more  than 
that,  his  water,  a  right  of  fifhing  pafles,    and 
nothing  clfe.  Plowden*s  Commentary^  1 54.  b.  Coi^c 
on  Uttleton^  4.  b.  and  the  word  feveraU  in  fuch 
cafe,  is  fynonimousTwithy^/^,  and  that  in  fo  ftrift 
a  fenfe,  that  by  fuch  a  grant  not  only  ftrangers, 
but  even  the  owner  of  the  foil,  is  excluded  fronv 
filhing  there.    Co,  Litt.  122.  a.     And  further, 
where  bne  prefcribes  to  have  a  fevcral-filhery  in  ^ 
a  water,  which  prefcription'  always  fuppofes  a ' 
grant  precedent,  the  owner  of  the  foil,  as  much 
as  a  ilranger,  is  liable  to  an  adlion  if  he  fi(hes 
there.     2  Roll.  258.    the  cafe  of  Forifton  and' 
CraUhrode  in  the  Common-Pleas^  Mich.  29.  and . 
3^0.  Eliz.     But  here  the  writ  fliall  vary  from  that 
in   the  cafe  of  a  feveral-fifhery,  and  demand, 

H  h  4  wb^j- 


a*" 


[  io6  J. 

wbentfore  ibi  defatddMiy  in  tie  fru-fifiiify  of  A&f. 
ptainftff  at  N*  vnthaut  the  Uuna  mJL^  con&H  ^ 
the  plaintiffs  wasji/bing^  &c.  otprefllng  the  mn^ 
cure  and  number  of  the  fi(h  takeo^  butbecaufe 
the  (oil  does  not  pais  by  fuch  a  grants  aad  tbfi 
BSk  txt  fera  naiura^  he  fhalL  not  call  then  Ui 
fifb)  as  m  the  former  indance.  See  the  cafe  of 
Child  and  Greenbilh  above  cited* 

The  do£trine  deducible  from  thefe  pr iociplea 
\%s  that  that  which  united  with  the  f6il»  would 
be  a  feveral-fiftierv,  when  fevered  by  grant,  thougjii 
the  grant  be  of  a  (everal,  on:  fole,  and  not  of  afree<r 
fifliery,  in  ierminis^  becomes  a  frce-fifliery. 

There  is  yet  another  cale  that  I  (hall  mentioiv 
which  will  give  the  intelligent  reader  a  clear  no- 
tion of  this  matter.  A  man  grants  to-  one,  or 
more,  a  Hhrty  ^Afifinm  * ;  here  nothing  but  % 
naked  right  to  fi(h  pafles,  and  the  remedy  agaioft 
a  trefpawr  is  not  fevered  from  the  ia\\  the 
owner  whereof,  and  not  the  grantee,,  may  main^r 
tain  na  a£tbn,  and  may  alfo  fifh  himfelf.  CV» 
JJtt.  122.  a. 

As  common  of  fi(bing  may  be  appendant  Kx^ 
}and^  fo  ^Ifb  thete  may  be  a  joint-tenancy,  or  ^ 
Xiiifxxz^  in  coptiDQon  of  a  mhery.    i .  Ir^n  i  &6^» 

*  I  ^d  ^  png/L  Wdrw.  i  I4a»  /«•  margiuif  aa  accooat 
of  the  following  graiiti  which  for  its  &ngpimty  deferves. 
adtice. 

31  ^m^  in.  **  Thmsu  df  Cfimptti  o$Jmmiofi^  levied  «^ 
<*  lint  to  PtiLMarmiQth  |h«c  be  mul  his  b«irs»  his  wife^  and 
'*  ^eir  heirs*  might,  waen  they  c^me  to  Tumnu$rtbt  or  to 
'<  their  caftle  at  JkT/V/tfMf  fifh  with  a, boat  any  where  in 
^*  his  water  at  Amimin^  with  oae  net»  called  a  fleu-net^ 
^  and  a  tramil  and  fayna  \  for  which  liberty  he;  ^ave  him 
ff  Jbc  jpatb  of  «lw/' 


tforing  xjsM  Atmtt  in  what  adfet  tlie  a^gicr^ 
in  lilt  piiuifait  of  hitB  reorearion^  snay  beoohic  a 
*nfpofer^  lee  us  aoKt  <sanfider  Jiow  far  fae  i%  by 
4akidg  fifk»  tn  daoger  of  oMMnitttng  Larcay^ 
for  diac  the  takiog  fifk  «3t  of  •a  po&d,  widiott 
«lie  coiiCeot  of  the  owner^  faila  iv&chia  tny  Lord 
Cckt%  dcfinttUai  uf  nhat  crime.  He  one  am  dcniipc 
that  reads  it.  Hia  werds  are,  ^  Larceny  is  the 
^  l^kmiomi  and  fraudulent  oakiog  and  carry «- 
^  ing  away,  bf  any  nttoi  or  woman,  of  the 
^  mcpt  )>cr(oaal  tgoods  of  anocfaer;  nekher  fpom 

the  perfon  n9r  by  night,  in  the  houfe^^^  (fat 

x>wner,"  3 J  Inji.  107.  and  a  little  after,  109. 
he  exprefsly  fays,  <^  Larceny  may  be  committed 
•*  of  fifties  in  a  pond.^ 

Now,  though  to  qnake  the  taking  any  perfonal 
thing  felonious,  reafon  and  the  law  require,  that 
the  party  fliould  do  it  animo  furandi^  fee  BraSion^ 
Lib.  3.  Fol  1^0.*  FiMi^  Lit.  i.  Cap.  36.  which 
we  willvfuppdfe  no  ar^er  10  ise  poflefled  with  i 
yet  whetl^er  by  tbe  word^i^  1^  are  to  under- 
uand  ponds  at  larg^  is  |)er1|^ps  of.  fome  confe* 
quence  for  him  to  kriovf . 

It  is  a  rule  in  law,  that  petfonal  goods,  and 
things  fevered  from  the  freehold,  Siall  go  to 
the  executors,  and  not  to  the  heir.  fVentwortb*% 
Office  of  an  Executcr^  Chap.  5.  and  fo  ftiall  fi(h 
in  a  trunk,  or  the  like,  iiid.  but  Lord  Oke^  in 
his  Ccmmeniary  on  Littleton^  Fol.  8.  tells  us, 
that  fifti  in  a  pond  (hall  go  with  the  inheritance» 
becaufe,  fays  he,  "  they  were  at  their  liberty, 
*^  and  could  not  be  gotten  without  induftry,  as 
«*  by  nets  or  engines/' 

From  hence  we  may  conclude,  that  fifti  in 
ponds  cannot  be  feid  to  be  meer  perfonal  goods, 

H  h  3  and 


t  io8  ] 

snd  then  it  foUows'as  a  confcqoencc,  tfaattif  fuch 
ii(h  larceny  cannot  be  committed ;  and  we  may 
further  conclude,  that  the  word  pands^  in  the 
above  paflage,  muft  mean  only  ftew-pends,  cif- 
cerns,  or  other  fuch  fmall  receptacles  of  fifli. 

Many  wholfome  laws  have,  from  time  to 
time,  been  ena&ed,  to  prevent  the  deftru6tion 
of  fifli ;  but  they  are  fb  numerous,  that  I  muft 
refer  the  reader  to  the  Statutes  at  large,  or  to  the 
Abridgment,  publilhed  by  a  late  worthy  and 
learned  friend  of  mine^  Jobn  Cajf^  £fq;  de* 
ceafed. 


> 


APPENt 


t  iog) 


*s  *  % 


9e^isssaas>8i^assoidK$9 


•  • 


A  P  P  E  N  D  I  Xi 

N  U  M  B  E  k    I. 


wmh 


IMMfeAi 


rfMMMMilMrt«M 


FEBRUARY. 

EACOCK-ttAcKLfi*  PcacodcVhcri 
aldhe,  or  ihterchaliged  with  oftrich  htil^ 
warpifig  red  (ilk;  red  cock's  hackle  over, 
all;  it  may  be  varied  by  a  black  cock^l 
hackle  and  ftlver-twift. 
Taien  cbiify  from  mim  to  eleven  in  the  tMrmng^  and 

from  one  to  three  in  the  Afternoon. 
This  and  the  feveral  other  hackles,  which  we  have 
here  and  hereafter  defcribed,  being  moft  teitipting  baits» 
fhould  always  be  firft  tried  when  the  angler  comes  to  a 
firange  river ;  and  not  changed  till  he  has  found  out^ 
^d  is  certain  what  particular  fly  is  upoa  the  water« 

MARCH. 

Grebn  Pbacmic  Hacku.    Grernifli  herl  ot  A 
peacock ;  warping,  ^reen  Glk,  a  Uack  hackle  over  alU 
Taken  from  etght  to  eleven  in  t^mn^rning. 


Dark  Brown«  Dub  witt|^}$a}r  of  a  dark  brown 
fpanid  or  calf,  that  looks  r«cM)r  by  btitig  expofed  to 
wind  and  wtaihcrj  warp  wHh  okUj  or  ^ocolate-co* 

B.h^  loured 


I 


no  A  P  P/END  IX: 

lomcd  filk.  The  wiog  of  the  darkifli  part  of  ft  ftarfog'Si 
i|aill  feather. 
XokiH  cbiijfy  /r§m  mng  u  eUvm  in  tbt  tmrmtigi  dm 
foMfy  iaiti  in  ScptesAcr. 

Ash -COLOURED  Dim.     Dub  whfa  Che  roots  of  a. 
foz^cub's  tail;  wtrp  with  pate  yeUew  filk:  wing  of 
the  pale  part  of  4r  ftarliteV  feather. 
'    hakenffmyu^tumwm^  ^ frum  mi  U  Arte.  . 

This  fljTi  wbicn  is  alfe  cfailed  the  ?iolet  dim  and  blue 
dun,  is  to  be  foond  on  almoft  etery  river;  fome  parti- 
culars of  it  have  been  nuntkmefl  in  the  note.  Part  II. 
p.  57 ;  but  here  foDow  fome  obferranions  on  it»  which 
defenre  to  be  attended  to :  it  rariet  muchr  in  its  colour, 
accardiag  toAc  fcafaft  of  the  ycat>  InJdardfUxiSspm 
Umber  it  is  called,  and  that  very  properly^  the  violet 
dun,  for  it  has  often  that  hue;  and  therefore,  in  the 
paflage  above  referred  to,  mjt  havt  diicAed  the  mixinjg; 
blue-violet  crewef  #itb  the  lox<vb  down.  In  April  it 
affumts-a  palt«afli-€9lQttr,  wdin  Mnf  is  ef  a  beaii^iii} 
lemon-colour,  botfi  body  and  wtftgs.  Itujion  and  %f/y. 
ft  is  blue-blackft  and  ftom  ^ulf  it  mfenfibfy  varies  tnl  ft 
becomes  of  its  primitive  colour,  violet  dun,  wUdi  it 
•eYq  fails  to  daby  "t^Ombtr^ 

p£Aiti-Coi.oint,  or  Hf  ROM  Dun.  ]>ub  witb  Ihi^ 
yellowilb  or  afli-cotoilrcd  herl[  of  a  heron,  warp  witW 
alhH:Qloured  filk :  wijsg  from  the  fliort  feather  of.  a  be* 
ron»  or  from  a  coot's  wing,  of  an  aCh'^cotoun 

Marning  and  aftirmon,  " 

Blus  D(;k.  Dub  with  the  furr  of  a  water-rat ; 
Warp  with  aifti^CDioiir ;  wii^  of  a  coec*i  ftather^ 


M  AY» 


M    A    T- 

SitvER-Twur  Hacklb.  Dub  with  the  bcrt  of  an 
od ri(9i«feffther ;  Wtftp  wirii  dark  >erMi>  UiftfA^tt^ 
Md  bhtK^  oock^B  httcUti  over  all. 

Sodt'Y  DvN.  Dab  wkb  bltd:  Qpsniel^  Aarf,  or  'At 
herl  of  an  oftricb  i  warp  with  gKeA  |  Wtfig,  the  4aili 
jpatt  t>f  a  iand^l  -or  coot. 

T'tfini  ^  14^  ajkowirj  day^  as  alfr  h  April  ^  Jnoc* 

Lt^Ht  Y^ AMtiM,  or  S»tf HO  BitowN^  D«b  with 
light  brown  of  a^)f|  warp  with  eraiigeHeolour;  wii^ 
#f  a  pafe  erey  Mallard's  feather* 

Tai<n  meflj  t^tfiat-fit  in  n  tffMrm  ivumg*'^  f9Hl 

mbw^  mnh  htn  Inn  Jkid^  in  ihi  firjl  fan  tftbg 
fortgahi^  -iiatipm^  of  1^  iMJk*^,  Ahr  linrAffr  <kat  givm 
kti  a  vtry  fipirficial  defcriplim  9f  U^  aml^is  iini&ioiii 
fihr  ifiahng  it  are  ixirmefy  impiffe^  ;  me  tu^nU  thePifim 
frcomnM  the  making  H  after  tie  mourd  flj^  4mi  tbm 
aMrding  h  ihefffH&wing  dtre^iem. 


PlV.  &ffottiecaiHedth6«(h^ily,  (b)rt)ili«rH 
tr rottdoufty,  <!be  hflwthoffi-11]^)  The  bead)  ^^HhcIi  n 
lar^,  of  an  dh-tolotrr  \  the  apper  part  of  tbi;  body 
g«eytfliy  with  two  or  iSiree  harrs  of  bright  brown  txAjUti 
ind  a  very  little  light  blue,  and  fometimes  a  hair  or  two 
^  light  green ;  the  tail  part  is  greyifli  mixt  with  orange : 
tiring  <»f  a  mottled  brown  if^ther  of  a  woodcock,  par- 
tridge, or  'bhawti  hen ;  book  N*  8  or  9.  This  is  fbe 
flv  which  is  feen  imioh  in  Marth^  Aprils  May^  and 
^iW,  OR  the  hody  'of  aAi8»  oaks,  wiHowai,  or  thorns, 
growing  near  the  water,  ftanding  with  its  head  down* 
wards;  i(is  an  excellent  fly,  but  difficult  to  imitate,  . 
fcehig  t»f  many .  cdoi/rs,  trneqtially  mix'd.  It  takes 
cbiefff  In  the  morning  i  it  does  ndt  ftam  to  eMie  from 
•97  cadis,,  ior  it  awer  drops  in  great  natubers  on  the 

^waiters 


water  i  and  the  wings  are  Ihort,  and  Ik  flat  on  the  back| 

like  ihe  blue -bottle,  or  large  flcfli-fly. 

* 

OEAN61-TAWNXY9  Orangb-browmt,  CaMLET'- 
FI.Y,  Alder-fly,  Withy^-fly,  or  Bastard  Ca- 
dis. Dub  with  dark  brown  fpaniePs  hair,  or  calPs 
hair,  that  fhincs,  or  barge-fail ;  warp  with  deep  orange^ 
black  hackle  under  the  wing :  wing  of  a  darkifli  feather 
of  a  mallard  or  ftarling. 

Taim  dnefy  in  a  morning  befire  the  gnen^Jrale  coma 
upon  too  waiit* 

HtJ2z ARD.  Dub  with  pale  lemon-coloured  mohair, 
or  oflrich  feather  dyed  jellow ;  warp  with  yellow,  gold^ 
twill  and  yellow  hackle  over  all.  Wing  of  a  very  pale 
inaUard'a  feather  dyed  of  a  lemon-colour,  the  wings 
large,  and  longer  than  the  body,  lying  flat  on  the  back. 

Taien  in  a  btufltring  daj^  befon  ihe  May  3/^  comes  in. 

A  fly  little  known,  "but  the  moft  beautiful  of  the  in« 
feA  fpecies  that  frequent  the  water.  It  is  larger  than  the 
green-drake,  of  a  beautiful  lemon-colour,  both  body 
and  wings,  which  are  four  in  number,  and  lie  dofe  to 
its  back.  It  is  to  be  met  with  in  but  few  rivers,  and  is 
cfteemed  a  great  curiofity ;  in  thofe  rivers  that  produce 
fhem,  they  appear  in  great  numbers  about  the  latter  end 
of  April  I  at  which  time,  and  afterwards,  the  Trouts 
rife  at  them  very  eagerly :  doubtlefs  this  is  a  true  water- 
fly :  it  is  fuppofcd  to  be  produced  from  a  very  large 
cadis. 

Death  Drake.  The  body,  one  herl  of  black  oflrich 
and  two  of  peacock ;  filver-twift,  black  hackle  :  wing 
of  the  dark  leather  of  a  mallard,  of  a  copper-colour. 

Taken  dnefly  in  un  evening  when  the  Mzy-Jlj  is  abnofi 
g9ne. 

.  Yellow  Miller,  or  Owl-Fly^  The  body  of  a> 
yellow  matter  n's  furr,  or  oflrich  herl  dyed  buflT  colour: 
4ving  of  the  ruddy  feather  of  a  young  p^eacQjdL's  wiog^ 
or  pale  brown  chicken. 

A  S#rPw  iV^ 


APPENDIX  iff 

Taken  from  fuih fit  till  ten  at  nighty  and  from  tu;o  till 
four  in  tio  morning* 

JULY. 

Middling  Browk.  Made  of  calf s  hair  twilled 
upon  pale  yellow  fill^  for  the'filk  to  appear :  win^;:  of  a 
niallard*8  feather. 

Dark  Brown.  Warp  with  rediillc,  with  a  deep 
orange  tag  at  the  tail :  wing  of  a  mallard's  feather. 

WiLtow  Cricket,  or  Small  Peacock  Fly, 
A  herl  of  a  green  peacock's  feather ;  warp  with  green 
iilk :  win^  oT  a  ftar)in^*s  feather,  longer  than  the  body. 

A  morning  fy^  efpeaally  for  Grayling  in  rapid  rivers. 

Pismire.  The  body,  fome  few  reeves  of  a  cocji:* 
fiheafant's  tail-feather,,  or  ruddy^  barge- fail,  or  brown 
carpet,  or  old  bear's- hair,  towards  the  roots,  tanned 
witn  the  weather :  one  peacock's  herl  may  be  twifted 
With  it :  warp  with  ruddy  filk :  wing,  the  light  part  of 
a  ftarling's  feather,  left  longer  than  the  body, 

Jt  Hlhngfly  after  an  emmet -flighty  hut  not  before* 

AUGUST. 

•  -  -  I 

The  pifmire  through  this  month  \  as  alfo  the  othej^ 

flies  of  the  laft  month. 

SEPTEMBER. 

Largs  Foetid  Light  Browk.  The  body  of 
light  calf  or  cow's  hair,  or  feal's  furr  dyed  of  the  colour  ; 
warp  with  ruddy  or  orange-coloured  filk:  wing,  of  a 
ruddy  brown  chicken  large  and  lon^. 

A  killing  fly  in  a  morning.  Thts  fly  is  much  upon 
Hackney  river ^  and  i$  much  ruddier  there  than  elfe* 
tvhere.  Sofgewbat  of  its  hiJUry  is  given  in  the  notes^ 
t^eziiU 

NCM- 


■v. 


*-  " 


ft9  API^ENDISL 

N  U  M  B  E  K    IL 


JANUARY. 

^  PH  IN  G  Black.  Body,  black  wool  of  «  jOmcp^j 
^  face,  with  or  without  a  greenifli  peacdck^s^Ii 
!irarp  with  biowa  filk:  Ifriqg^  the  ^re/  fiiather  ^  a 
tnallard. 

SscoND  Spring  Black.  Body«  the  very  Ucckeft 
|>art  of  the  daikeft  hare's  fcat  you  can  procure,  wiifi 
or  without  a  greenilh  peacodc's  herl ;  warp  widi  a&« 
ttlouced  fitk  I  wmgy  of  a  fietdfarc*a  feather. 

This  mdthi  vtbnjfring  blaA  an  he/l  taktn  in  hrtgbl 

BtOA  ^  HxEL«  Body,  bkck  Tabbet'i  fcut ;  blaci 
ef  a  hare's  icut  i  greenifli  iwacock  herl  i  warp  with 
i>ro«n  Siki  wii\g»  the  liglit  part  of  a  field£iie^f 
liBathcr. 

Black  Hacrli.  Body,  pale  yellow  filk^  with  a 
Uack  cock's  hackle  (turned  about  it^ 

DxxK  Hmkli.  Bod|jr,  diio-cotoiued  fitk.  wi^  a 
dun  eock's  hackle. 

The  faafe  flics  a*  tit  Jhaflcd  im  At  MBCidkis 


a  This  it  a  aorth»c»witt>^np<,  airf-M  L«ai  4iU»  fty|iii»t  i<Joyt 
ffSfcmUinf  d)at  #f  i|aidl«*<a^acka  wiuUli  bai  a  VkiiiDi^Sft.  1  i(ad  iC 
thot  ^sptalnea  in  a  Mttl0|iie  of  locafl  w6tU,  ciMm«u%iM)S  In^i  lisiter 

lafiapWwl  laMMf  bilwcaii  tlM  l#ima|  Mr.U^H»  ^Mlmcat  A^«  Mi- 
aMuou  fMi94Qnte%  OlfapfPy  17 iS,  f^  jai. 

MARCH. 


M  A  R  C   IT. 

The  Yatfie  flies  ae  are  diifAcd  foe  the  pieccdioi; 
months  i  and  alio  thA     i 

Turkey  ^ly^  or  March  FtYt  Bodyv  brown 
f9al*$hair,  tops  df  ibftlvings  ctn  ^fwdfom^  fiioe 
riukty,  others  gr^^  wcJt  mixed  lofeiberi  wasp  witf^ 
pink  and  yelbw»  or  piu  and  Iitf^t>  colouiedr bf oim  fiQcg 
twtfled  together;  wiog,  of  a  {^eafant-cocl^^ feather* 

N.  B.  STAu,  kisfi^p^ed^  i$  tU  f»bfy^  ^  mmh  m$l 
up  in  Wales. 

APRIL. 

LiciiT  Bloa.  Bodjr,  Mfjti/t  fex-ettl^fttrr,  »  Ktttit 
light  foal's  hak  i  » liitle  (quirrdV  bbt^  and  fbeirhitilk 
yellow  of  the  faBie»  all  thefe  well  mixed  together; 
warp  with  yellow  fiHt ;  wing,  of  a  l%hc  fieldfare's 
feather* 

DuK.  Body,  dunned  filmert  ^  or  martem's  fisrr  r 
in^uM  fox-dun;  light  dun  fox-cub;  coarfe  hair  of 
the  ftump  of  %  fquirrel'k  tail  of  a  brightffli  browtr,  of  a 

Sllowiflicaft;  warp  with  yellow  fitt; :  wing,  the  %hC 
ither  of  a  fieldfare. 

Plain  Hacklb.  Body,  black  oftrich  herl»  wttk 
red  orblacic  cock's  hackle  over  its  and  in  hot  weather^ 
add  gold-  twift. 

Rti>  HACictt.    Body,  red  fitk  and  gold-twift,  a»f 

a  red  cock's  hackle,  till  June.    Afterwards  uTe  ovange 

iilic  for^he  body.     An  excelUntfly. 

N.  B.  This  is  fnore  proptrfy  the  eranti^Jly.    It  r^- 

fimbUs  in  colour  a  Seville  orm^i.  -  ffi^s  may  h 

addid^  iitber  of  0  btn  or  dnckiHf  of  tm  omiige  sr 

*  Filmcrt.  This  11  the  animal  which  WaUon^  p.  x^.  calls  the  folTs- 
inart  s  bat  t^ike  foimcr  it  a  name  by  which  it  U  very  w^l  knowa  at  the 

rndtfy 


fl$  APPENDIX. 

r$Mf  cajt ;  or  a  dull  dark  tvhg^  0/  ibi  fofkfifeOf^ 
thn  of  a  rook*s  wing.  It  has  four  wings^  two  mA 
ibi  bodf^  of  a  very  dark  grey  colour ^  and  twofirving 
as  a  cafi  over  tbem^  fomtiimes  of  a  dirty  blackljh  co* 
kuTy  andfometimn  of  an  orange  colour. 

Bloa  WArcHET  *•  Is  a  fmall  fiy,  and  appears 
on  the  water  in  a  cold  day,  (hook  No.  9  or  10.  J  the 
body,  furr  of  a  water  rat,  black  part  of  a  hare's  fcut, 
the  pale  roots  cut  oiF,  a  very  little  brown  bear's  hair; 
warp  with  the  pale  brown^  or  olive-coloured  iilk :  wing 
of  a  ben  blackbird. 

Yellow  Watchet.  Body,  water-rat's  furr,  the 
Uackeft  part  of  a  hare's  fcut,  greenifli  yellow  crewel 
for  feet ;  warp  with  green  filk :  wing,  the  Nghteft  part 
of  a  blackbird's  feather.    Hook,  No.  9  or  10. 

Knotted  Grey  Gnat.  Body,  darkeft  part  of 
a  hare's  (cut,  dark  brown  foal's  hair,  dark  furr  of  the 
black  of  an  old  fox ;  warp  with  grey  filk ;  wing,  the 
hloa  feather  of  a  iieldfare. 

Grebn-Tail.    Body,  dark  part  of  a  hare's  fcut,  and 
darkeft  bloa  furr  of  an  old  fox  ;  light  part  of  a  fquirrel's 
tail,  and  a  hair  or  two  of  the  coar fe  browni(h  part  of. 
it  for  feet;  warp  with  alh- coloured  filk:'  wing,  of  % 
ben  pheafant. 

Sand  Fly.    Body,  dark  brown  foal's  hair,  a  little;. 
bloa  fiiuirrel's  furr,  and  the  whitifli  yellow  of  the  fame  ; 
warp  with  ytllo^  filk  ;  wing,  the  light  part  of  a  field- 
fare's feather. 

MAY. 

The  nine  foregoing  flies  dire6led  for  jfpril^  and  alfb 
the  ' 

•  Wjitchet.    Color  caeruleas  albicant,  SUajur,    Pale  or  iky-blot. 

Bloa. 


APPEND  IX.  liif 

BtOA  Herl.  Bpdy^  fox's  furr,  dark  part  of  ^ 
hare*8  fcut,  greeni(b  herl  of  a  peacock  (if  the  wcatbec, 
is  warm  for  the  feafoj),  otherwife  little  or  none  of  the 
greeniih  herl  i)  warp  with  brown  filk :  wings  of  a  ftar« 
ling's  feather. 

PufiT*  Body,  dunnifh  bloa  furr  of  an  old  fox,  mixed 
wi^li  pale  yellow,  the  ends  of  the  hairs  of  an  old  fox 
almoft  red  ;  fome  coarfe  hairs  taken  out  of  the  tail  or 
bruih ;  warp  with  yellow  :  wing,  darling's  feather. 

Ston^-Gnat.  Body,  the  roots  of  the  ^rkeft 
part  of  a  hare's  fcut,  the  top  or  ends  being  cut  ofF; 
warp  with  a(h*coloured  filk :  wing,  a  blackbird's  fea- 
ther. 

Light  BtoA.  Body,  light  furr  of  an  old  fox, 
ipixed  with  pale  yellow  crewel ;  warp  with  pale  jrcllew 
^Ik ;  wing,  light  feather  of  a  jay. 

Orakge  Brown.  Body,  orange-cdofired  wooU 
with  bright  brown  bear's  hair  mixed  |  warp  with 
orange  filk :  wing,  of  a  ftarling's  feather. 

Peacock  HACKtB.  Body,  peacock's  ruddy  herl  s 
Xid  cpck's  hackle  ^  warp  with  red  filk* 

Black  Herl.  Body,  black  herl  of  an  oftrich, 
and  ruddy  herl  of  a  peacock,  twifted  together;  warp 
with  brown  filk :  wing,  the  light  feather  of  a  field* 
ftrc. 

Pewet,  or  Lapwing's  Topping.  Bodv,  peacock's 
herl,  and  that  of  a  lapwing's  crown  feather,  twifted 
together ;  warp  with  red  filk :  wing,  the  red  feather 
pf  a  partridge  tail. 


RfiB 


fit  A  9  P  £  K  D  t  X. 

Red  Here;  Bodjr,  two  herb  of  a  peacock,  twiAtI 
together ;  warp  wkh  ruddjr  ilk :  iriagt  At  ui  tedher 
af  a  partridge  %mi. 

JUKE. 

The  dun»  ftone-gnat»  U^  blost  oraoge-brown* 
peacQck  hackle,  black  herl,  pewet's  topping,  and  red 
berl  or  the  laft  mootb,  go  alfi>. through  tbis>  tbort  are 
taken  che 


Whittbrx$h.  Body,  the  root*  end  of  ^  white 
^c  of  a  b  arc's  (cut ;  light  grey  ibal's  hair,  or  camel'ji 
hair,  towards  the  tail,  the  dark  part  of  a  hare's  ft;ua 
with  (bme  brown  hairs  mixed :  peacock's  her}  fbr  the 
bead ;  warp  with  white  filk :  wing,  the  feather  <^  a 
fea^mcw. 

Light  GlttY.  Body,  furr  of  the  iimer  part  of  a 
rabbit's  leg,  the  liahttft  of  the  dark  part  of  a  hare*r 
fcut  1^  warp  with  a(h  ooloured  filk:  win^,  light  grey 
ndlard's  feather* 

J    V    L    Y. 

*  The  peacock  haekle.  Mack  kerl,  pewet^s  toppiHg^ 
and  red  herl  of  May  and  ywUf  and  the  whtcteriih  ana 
lifljht-grey  of  the  lafl  month  feivaalfe  fgr  this^  and  t6 
tpofc  add  the 

Brown.  Body,  hair  of  a  very  Tight  broWn  or  fed- 
dillt  calf  or  fpaniel,  and  light  beard's  hair  mixed  ;  war^ 
with  pale  orange :  wing»  the  fisatbcr  of  a  land-caiU 

AUGUST^ 

The  peacock  hackle,  and  the  three  following  fifes  of 
A^vy,  and  the  two  fubfeqi^nt  months,  and  the  browa 
of  the  laft  month,  fervealfo  for  this ;  in  which  alfo  are 
tAett  the 

Gaar 


APPENDIX.  it^ 

6rey*Fly.  Body,  light  gfcy  foal^s  hair  mixed 
tvith  the  dark  part  of  a  harems  fcut ;  warp  with  grey 
(ilk :  wing,  a  hen-pheafant^s  feather. 

Black  Ant-Fly.  Body,  darkeft  part  of  a  hare's 
icut^  and  dark  brown  wool,  or  flieep's  ruflet,  equally 
mixed,  and  one  fingle  ruddy  herl  of  a  peacock,  all 
twifted  together ;  warp  with  copper- coloured  fUk : 
wing,  a  fieldfare's  feather. 

Buo WN  An  T-F& y.  Body,  bright  brown  beards  hair» 
much  weather  beaten,  almoft  of  an  orange-colour  to« 
wards  the  tail,  and  therefore  a  few  hairs  of  a  light 
brown,  or  flame-coloured  calf,  or  fpaniel's  hair  to  be 
added  in  the  tail-part;  warp  with  orange- coloured  iilk : 
wing,  the  light  feather  of  a  fieldfare  or  flarling. 


NUMBER    in. 


FEBRUARY* 

•pHIME  Dun.  Dubbing,  of  the  down  of^  a  fot^ 
^  cub,  warped  with  fad  afh- coloured  filk;  wings,  pt 
the  feather  got  from  the  quill  of  a  *  (bepftare's  wing. 
This  fly  is  made  little ;  but  there  is  another  made  of 
che  faaie  dubbing  larger  by  far. 

MARC  H. 

The  fame  flies  as  are  taken  in  February  will  be  take0 
in  Marchy  and  alfo  thofe  hereafter  mentioned. 

*  The  reader  it  to  iiote»  that  ihepilarey   ftire,  and  ft«rliA|,  uiti 
words  fyjfioQimQus.    Vid«  Minjb,  Di£t.  f^M  Sta«i. 

I  i  MooRUJl 


It 


^  APPENDIX. 


Moorish  Browk.  Dubbing  of  the  wool  df  ai 
bVack  (beep  v  warped  with  red  filk  :  wings*  of  the  fea- 
ther got  from  a  partridge  wing* 

PalM'Fly.  Dubbin^}  of  the  hafir  of  a  brown 
fpaniel,  got  on  the  omiide  of  the  earj  and  a  little  ka^ 

Seen  wool  mrxed,  warped  with  brown  cioth-coloure<t 
k  t  wings,  of  a  Ihepftare's  quill-feather. 

Green*Tail.  Dubbing,  of  the  brown  hair  of  a 
fpantcl,  got  on  the  ootfide  of  the  ear,  but  a  iittle  irt 
the  end  of  the  tail ;  muft  be  all  of  fea-green  Vfoo),; 
without  nrixture ;  wings  as  the  laftr  *  ] 

APRIL. 

Bright  Bear.     Dubbing,   of  bright  bear's  hair  j 
Warped  with  fad  rfotb-cotoured  filk:  wings,  of  afhep*- 
itare's  quill^feather ;  others  dub  the  body  with  yellow 
fiUc,  which  is  better. 

Yellow  Dun.  Dubbing,  of  yellow  wool,  and  a(h-^ 
coloured  fox-cub  down  mixed  together,  dubbed  with 
yellow  filk :  wings,  of  the  feather  of  a  (hepftare's  quill : 
ethers  dub  il  with  dun  bear's  hair,  and  the  yellow  furr. 
gpt  from  a  martern's  fkin,  mixed  together,  and  with 
yellow  filk:  wings, of  a fhepSare'sqiiill- feather.  Make 
two  other  flies,  their  bodies  dubbed  as  thelaft;  but  in 
tfie  one  mingle  fanded  hog's  down  ;  and  in  the  other 
black  hog's  down  :  wings,  of  a  .{hepftare's  quill-fea- 
tber :  and  there  is  aifo  taken  an  excellent  fly,  made 
of  dun  bear's  hair,  ydlow  oiarterA'i  furr,  fanded  hog's 
do.,  n,  ai;d  black  hog's  down,  all  mixed  in  an  equal 
prrbiiontc  cither;  warped  yirlth  yellow  filk :  wings  of  1 
tlv;  v.  tb-rr  of  a  {hep{lare's  quHl.  Thefts  feveral  flies 
r  -  0  ^  -v'  :.-  ^/J-//,  are  very  good,  and  will  be  taken 


MAY. 


to 

M    A    f . 

THORk-FLy«  Dubbing,  of  black  1amb*s  woot,' 
Warped  with  black  fxlki  Wing§  of  a  mallard's  light  gttf 
feather.— Note,  That  in  all  the  in/iamss  tvheti  inaaards 
featheti  ari  dire^$d  io  be  ufedfor  ivinp^  ihef  tfCUft  he  thaft, 
if  the  ivildj  and  not  the  tame  mdlJard. 

Knop-Fly.  Dubbing,  df  the  down  of  ah  otter- 
cub,  and  this  berl  of  a  peacock;  warped  with  black 
(ilk :  wings  of  the  light  grey  feather  of  a  mallard. 

Fern-BuD;  This  fly  is  got  on  ferii;  ind  the  iia<- 
tural  dne  is  very  good  to  dib  with  ^  it  has  a  fhort  thick 
body,  of  a  very  fad  greentfh  colotir,  and  two  pair  of 
wings  ;  the  uppermoQ  are  hard,  and  fontetimes  takeii 
oiF;  but  the  undermoft  diaphanotis,  and  it  is  dubbed, 
with  the  herl  of  a  peacock^  and  very  fad  grieen  filk : 
wings,  of  the  feather  of  a  fieldfare^s  quill  got  out  of  the 
wing. 

Little  Duk.  Dubbing,  of  ah  otter^s  furr;  warped 
Drith  a{h*coloured  filk:  wiogSi  of  a fbepftare's  quill- 
leather. 

Yellow  MAY-tLY.  Dubbing,  of  yellow  woof^ 
rkXjotd  with  yellow  furr  of  a  marterh ;  warped  with 
ytliow  filk :  wiUgs  of  the  lighteft-coloured  fesither  of  A 
t^rofile. 

J    U    N    E. 

Black  Midot,  or  Gnat?  Dubbing,  of  tfifedbvt^tt 
of  a  nfK)!e  ;  v\rarped  with  black  filk  :  wings,  of  a  ligbc 
grey  ftiepftarc's  quill-feather. 

Grey  Midge,  or  Gnat;  Dubbing,  of  the  down 
of  a  fad  grey  cat,  or  fad  grey  camel's  hair  j  warped 
with  grey  filk :  wings  of  the  grey  feathdr  of  a  mallards 

I  i  2  Purple 


tti  A  P  P  E  N  D  I  X; 

Purpib-Fly*  Dubbing,  of  parple  wool,  and  a 
little  bear*s  bair  mixed ;  fometimes  no  bear's  bair  at  all : 
win£8,  of  a  fhepftaic's  quill*feather  i  warped  with  pur* 
pie  filk. 

Sand-Fly.  Dubbing,  of  the  wool  gotten  ofF  the 
ftank  of  a  black  (beep,  warped  with  black  (ilk :  wing9, 
of  the  fad-coloured  feather  of  a  throfiie*quiU ;  others 
make  the  body  of  the  feather  of  a  heron's  neck. 

Mackerll.  Dubbing,  of  light  brown  camel's 
hair ;  warped  with  black  filk :  wings,  of  a  red  cock's 
feather. 

JULY. 

RlU£  DtJK.  Dubbing,  of  the  down  of  a  water* 
moufe,  and  the  bluifh  dun  of  an  old  fox  mixed  toge* 
ffaer ;  warped  with  fad  alh-coloured  filk :  wings,  of  a 
Ibepftare's  quill -feather. 

AUGUST. 

fiuss  BrowK.  Dubbing,  of  the  light  brown  bair  of  ^ 
a  curj  the  head  black:  wings,  of  the  feather  of  a  red. 
hen  i  warped  with  orange-coloured  filk. 

HEARTH 'Fly.    Dubbing,  of  the  wool  of  an  old- 
black  iheep,  with  fomc  grey  hairs  in  it,  for  the  body 
and  head  :   wings  of  a  Tight  (hepfiare's  quill -feather^ 
warped  on  with  black  filk. 

Pismire -Fly.  Dubbing,  of  bright  brown  bear's 
b^if)  warped  with  red  filk :  wings,  of  the  faddeft-co- 
loured  ihepftare's  quill -feather.    A  goodfij^ 

SEPTEMBER. 

Little  Blue  Dun.  Dubbings  of  the  down  of  a 
moufe  for  body  and  head ;  warped  with  fad  aih-coloured 
fiik :  wings,  of  a  fad-coloured  (bepftare's  quill  feather. 

IT 


[  "3  J 


TT  has  already  been  bintedj  Page  262,  that 

the  bifi^y  of  Aquatick  InfeSls  is  at  prefent 

hut  little  known :  in  order ^  therefore ^  to  ajjijl 

fuch  as  may  be  difpofed  to  make  enquiries  into 

this  Jiupendous  branch  of  Natural  Science^  he^ 

Jides  recommending  to  the  readers  attentive 

perufalj  the  life  of  the  Ephemeron,  an  in-- 

fe£l  very  little  differing  from  our  Green  and 

Grey  Drake^  tranjlatedfrom  the  Low  Dutch 

of  Dr.  Swammerdam,  by  Dr.  Edw.  Tyfon, 

Lond.  Quarto,  1681,  we  have  added  as  the 

next  number  of  this  Appendix ^  a  tranflation  of 

Mr.  RayV  Methodus  Infe£lorum,  mentioned 

by  Dr.  Derham,  Phyf.  ThcoL  p.  234. 

Did  thisjludy  lead  to  nothing  more  than  the 
improvement  of  anglings  perhaps  it  had  not 
been  infifled  on  with  that  degree  of  earneftnefs 
which  appears  in  the  foregoing  pages :  but 
purfuits  of  this  kind  have  a  natural  tendency 
to  open  and  enlarge  the  mind^  and  to  excite  the 

I  i  3  affeSlions 


affe£Hom  of  reverence  and  gratitude  toward^ 
that  Beingj  ivbofe  wifdom  and  gi>Qdncfs  arp 
vifibli  in  the  JiruSiure  of  the  meaneji  reptile. 
"  The  wifdom  o^God  receives  fmall  honour 
from  thofe  vulgar  heads  that  rudely  ftate 
about^  and  with  a  grofs  rufticity  s^dmire 
his  works ;  thofc  highly  magnify  him, 
whpfe  judicious  inquiry  into  his  a£!:S)  and 
5*  deliberate  rcfcarch  into  his  creatures,  re- 
?*  turn  the  duty  of  9  devout  and  learned  ^d* 
V  miration.'*    ReHgio  Medici y  Seft.  i^. 


fC 
-it 


N  tr  M- 


i  < 


APPENDIX. 


-4*5 


I 


N  U  M  B  E  R    IV. 

<y  Aquatic  Infedls  covering  themfelves  witA 
cafes,  from    the    Obfervation    /yf    Mr. 

WiLLOUGHfiy. 

N SECTS  breeding  in  the  water,  covering,  theiii- 
felves  with  cafes,  are  either  with  a  cafe, 

flmmoveaHe^  or  fattened  with  fiones;  or  with  a  body^ 

C  Rounds  with  little  threads^  at  the  iides, 

C  Flat^  and  more  compadl,  without  little  threads. 

Moveable^  portable,  or  migratory,  commonly  calM 
Phrygan^a\  being  furnifhed  with  little  threads,  as 
well  in  the  back  as  in  the  fides,  by  which  they  fiicic 
iirmly  to  their  ^afes,  referving  the  head  and  feet, 
with  three  little  Jcnobs  beyond  (be  feet,  whi^h 
they  can  ered  or  put  forth  at  will,  to  hinder,  Ic^ 
their  cafes,  hanging  over  their  heads  while  they  afe 
walking,  fliould  trouble  them*  . 

And  they  are  dther,  la  cafest 
Strak,  either  having 

f  Straws  joined  together,  and  thoTe  either 

Parailely  of  which  there  are  two  forts;  firft, 
the  greater,  two  inches  long;  fccond,  the 
leffer,  a«d  moft  common  Straw-worms, 

Tranfverfey  and  fhorterf  with  which,  fome- 
times,  are  mingled  little  fiones  and  fhelts. 

No  Straws  flicking,    but  little  ilones,  or  fmall 
fand ;  which  are  either 

r  Rounds  with  little  worms  within,  calted  C^d^ 

<      baits  \  or, 

C  Flat^  or  corapaS, 

1  i  4  With 


\ 


«6  APPENDIX. 

With  romewhat  greater  ffones  fticking  Co  the 
fides  of  the  cafe,  not  in  the  downward  or 
prone  part;  from  whence  they  neceflarily  ap- 
pear flat  or  compad. 

With  no  (h>nes  fticking  to  the  fides,  but  with  a 
cafe  running  i^to  a  flender  margjn  or  border, 
as  fome  wings  ;•  with  a  more  plain  and  compa£i: 
cafe  than  the  former. 

fCro^Hedy  or  rather  horned ;  for  there  are  crooked 
cafes  of  thefe,  and  one  extremity  larger,  the 
other  lefs.  We  have  known  four  different  forts 
of  thefe,  viz.  The  greater  and  lefTer  black,  the 
gre;^ter  and  leiler  a(h -colour. 

All  the.fe  produce  flies  with  large  wings,  rivals  to  tbe 
Papiliis^  and  the  Nympba  of  thefe,  which  are  to  fpring 
from  thofe  little  worms,  which,  like  tortoifes,  carry 
their  houfes  along  with  them ;  and  within  which  houfes 
Ihey  turn  into  Nympba^  from  which  Nympha  after- 
-^nrards  fpring  little  flies,  are  what  Dr.  Siuammerdam 
Ijpeaks  of  in  his  fourth  order  of  tranfmutations ;  when, 
in  our  opinion,  they  may  belong  to  the  third|  becauib 
ihey  change  their  (kin  twice* 


N  U  M- 


APPENDIX.  lif 


N  U  M  B  E  R    V. 

Containing  additional  Rules  and  Cautions, 

9 
•  « 

I.  "TT  THEN  you  ha^Tc  hooked  a  fifli,  never  fufFcr 
W  him  to/uf»  out  with  the  line ;  but  keep  your 
rod  bent,  and  as  near  perpendicular  as  you  can ;  by 
this  method  the  top  plies  to  every  pull  he  makes,  and 
you  prevent  the  draining  of  your  line :  for  the  fame 
reafon, 

II.  Never  raife  a  large  fifli  out  of  the  water  by  taking 
the  hair  to  which  your  hook  is  fattened,  or  indeed  ai^y 
part  of  the  line  into  your  hand ;  but  either  put  a.  landing- 
net  under  him,  or  for  want  of  that,  your  hat :  you  may 
indeed  in  fly-fi(hing,  lay  hold  of  your  line  to  draw  a 
fifli  to  you  s  but  this  muft  be  done  with  caution. 

III.  Your  (ilk  for  whipping  hooks  and  other  fine  work, 
muft  be  very  fmall;  ufe  it  double  and  wax  it,  and  in- 
deed any  other  kind  of  binding  with  (hoemaker's  wax, 
which  of  all  wax,  is  the  tougheft,  and  holds  beft:  if 
your  wax  is  too  (lifF,  temper  it  with  tallow. 

IV.  Inclofe  the  knots  and  joints  of  your  lines  in  a. 
.fmall  pill  of  wax,  prefled  very  clofe,  and  the  fuper- 

fluities  pinched  off:  this  will  foon  harden  and  prevent 
the  knots  from  drawing. 

V.  If  for  ftrong  fiftiing,  you  ufe  grafs,  which  when 
you  can  get  it  fine,  is  to  be  preferred  to  gut,  remeitiber 
always  to  foak  it  about  an  hour  in  water  before  you  ufe 
it :  this  will  make  it  tough,  and  prevent  its  kinking. 

y I.  Whenever  you  begin  fifliing,  wet  th^  ends  of  the 
joints  of  your  rod  ;  which,  as  it  makes  them  fwell,  will 
prevent  their  loofening.     And, 

VII.  If  you  happen  with  rain  or  othcrwife  to  wet 
your  rod,  fo  that  you  cannot  pull  the  joints  afunder, 
turn  the  ferrel  a  few  times  round  in  the  flame  of  a 
candle,  and  they  will  eafily  feparate. 

Vin.  Before  you  fix  the  loop  of  brittle  to  your  hook, 
in  order  to  make  a  fly,  to  prevent  its  drawing,  be  fure 

to 


,  ii8  APPENDIX. 

to  finge  the  ends  of  it  in  the  flame  of  a  candle ;  do  the 
fame  by  the  hair^  to  which  at  any  time  you  whip  a 
hook. 

IX.  Make  flies  in  warm  weather  only ;  for  in  cold 
your  waxed  6ik  fiill  not  draw. 

X.  In  rainy  weather,  or  when  the  (eafon  for  filhing 
is  over,  repair  whatever  damage  your  tackle  has  fuf- 
fained. 

XI.  Never  regard  what  bunglers  «ad  flovens  teH  you ; 
but  believe  that  neatnefs  in  your  tackle,  and  t  nice  and 
curious  hand  in  all  your  work,  efpectally  in  fly-making, 
are  abfolutely  necefiary^ 

XII.  Never  fifh  in  any  water  that  is  not  common, 
without  leave  of  the  owner,  which  is  fcldom  dented  to 
any  But  thofe  who  do  not  deferve  it. 

XIII.  If  at  any  time  you  happen  to  be  overheated 
ivith  -walking,  or  other  cxercife,  avoid  fmall  liquors, 
efpectally  water,  as  you  would  poifon  ;  and  rather  take 
a  glafs  of  rum  or  brandy ;  the  inftantaneous  efFeds 
whereof,  in  cooling  the  body,  and  quenching  drought, 
are  amazing. 

XIV.  And  laftly,  Remember  that  the  wit  and  iri- 
'vention  of  mankind  were  beflowed  for  other  purpofes 
than  to  deceive  filly  fifh ;  and  that  however  delightful 
angling  may  have  been  made  to  appear,  by  the  fore- 
going pages,  it  ceafes  to  be  innocent  when  ufed  other* 

-wife  than  as  a  mete  recreation. 


INDEX. 


i 


f 


I    N    D    E    X. 


■3{ate,  Thiit  the  figures  after  the  letter  N.  refer  to  rhe 
Notes,  and  thofe  after  the  aumcrals,  II.  to  tl^ 
Second  Part. 

A. 

^LFREX)  tit  GriMl,  tfem  ohJ dhiUei  thirivtr 
n       Lm,  N.  275. — bis  chaVeSir,  ibid. 
'  Angtiag,  in aittiquily,   %-^.^lht  frelft  sf,   2;. 
^ — altoviii  hj  ibi  Catrea  Lmn   to  tbi   Clfrgy, 
^.—-vAtb  a  natural  Fly,  i  >o. — •aiib  mi 
artificial  Fly,  108  — roi/A  Cadi»,  II.  87, 
;    <^-^mtbtt  Minnow,  93.  N.  203,  ^69. — luith  m  Rnnning- 
liine,  92.  II.  %^.—^iib  «  Ledger-Bait,  163.— vjjf&  4 
Fioat,  N.  263.  11.  86. 
Ja^er,  bii  jualifieatiani,  i^.^-vibat  ta  it  Jumijbed  •with, 
:  N.  2S3.    ■ 

Am'i-Eggi,  a  iflrV/erRoach,  N.  249. 
Ant-Fly,  lahinfoani,  245. 

Afti-Fly,  Oak-FIy.  Woodcock-Fly,  CannonFIy,«»^Dowa- 
HillFly,  the  /anu,  N.  iii.—baw  fraduetd,    and  tubirt 
Jiuid,  ibid. 
AOt  Grub,  II.  87. 
-A«HUoLa,  Afr,  Eliat,  actottate/bim,  N.  29. 


BACON,  Sir  Vtanzit,  bii  apinitn,  ibal  Cup  livi  tul  ttn 
yteri,  ttnlradiSid,   179,  N.  281. 
Baiti,  nulbeds  ef  iifcifuiring  tiibat Jifo  take,  N.  2ji. 
Barbel,  Bbftrvatitm  em,  and  bo'ui  to  Jtfli  fir,  2  1 5  <— f^AU's  f/*, 

foifineui,   217. 
Jivge-Sail  ^fi/ar  Dabbing,  N.  1 13. 

Barker, 


I 


Iakker,  Mr.  Thomas,  an  old  Aftgkrt  ^^  tvriUron  j/n^Z 

iimtt  loS,—*^taiiMS  from  inm,    N.  108,  z^iif^notatU 

Jlorj  9f  bis  Jijbing  in  tbi  migbi,  N.  loS. --^/fecimens  of  bit 

"^  foitrj^  N.  119,  168. 

Beggars,  a  gang  of ^  dtbatt  afubtil  queftion^  130. 

fit£op  Filh,  firango  account  of  from  Rondeletias,  N.  ja. 

Book,  to  contain  mattrlak  for  Fly  makings  defer ibed^  N.  iii;. 

Boots  andSboes^  bow  to  preftrvo  from  wot,  N.  253. 

Breaffl>  obfirvations  on,  andbow^ff^for,  186. 

C. 

CADIS,  tp^^'-wbertfonnd,  260.— -j»r  excellent  metbod 
to  keep,  N.  z^%,^tbe  nature  of  but  little  underfiood, 

N.262. 
Cadis-Fly,  noetbe  May-Fly,  as  generally  fuppofed,  N.  70, 
Carp,  objer^mtions  on^  and  bow  to  fifbfor^  172. — tbetrferti-^ 

iity^  Xf^. '^longevity f  179.    N.  281.— «^Srva/Mffi  mr  tbe 

breeding  of  180. — bow  to  drefs,  185. 
Cafting,  «r  Tbrowingt  £reiSioMsfor,  IL  33. 
Char,  a  local M,  214. 
Chavncy,  ^ir  Henry,  bis  account  of  tbe  rife  of  tbe  Thames, 

N.  272. 
Chob,  0r  CheviD,  obfervatiom  on,  and  bow  to  fifh  for^  ^3; 

N.  264. 
CoKe,  liry,  bis  judgment  on  tbe  queftion,  WbeAer  it  U4arceny 

to  takefifb  out  of  ponds,  11.  X07. 
Co R I  ATE,  Tom,  a  great  traveller,  account  of  IL  N.  18. 
CoxTON,  Chailcs,  ^w»  to  be  tbe  ad^ted  fon  of  Walton, 

II.  N.  5,— tf  wVw  of  bis  Fifbing'boufi^  taken  en  tbe  ^t, 

II.  25, 

Cracians,  afinall  poni-fif^,  N.  tSj, 
Cuckoo-fpit,  tbe  Nidos  of  tbe  Grafshopper,  N.  66. 
.  CutUe/ifb,  account  of ,  33. 

D. 

DACE*  obfervatioHS  on,  and  bowa  *of/bfor,  241  >■■  Aiw 
/^yjii  y^r  ot'/Vift  A  Gnat  or  Grafshopper,  N.  250.— 
bow  to  broil,  N.  25?. 
,D£aHAii,  I>r.  bis  account  of  tbe  produSion  of  tbo  Oak  Fiy, 
N.  122. — bis  account  of  tbe  fvueral  kinds  of  Fhryganel,  or 
Cadews,  N   259. 
Dvrbyihire,  abounds  with  Tro^t-ri'vers,  II.  5, 
Dibbing,  or  Daping,  122.  11.30,65, 

Dife^lioBs, 


I   N    I>   B    X, 

• 

— ^  ptaking  a  F/j,  111.    II.  35 .—^^r  making  t%e  Paltijf* 

•worm,  II.  N.  52. 
l^ONNB,  Dr.  'Virfisofhii^  201. 

Dove,  /^«  nv/r  hit^wttn  Derb/Ihire  Aff^  StaffbrdyBitre,  1 7, 37. 
Drayton  I  Michael*  ^i  de/crtption  of  tif  Salmon*liap  in 

/be  ri'Ver  Tivj  in  l^tmhrokedure,  147.— iW/  defcriftion  of 

the  principal  ni'vers  in  this  kingdom,  273. 

..;    e/ 

ECLOGUE  pifiatoryy   a  fpteies  of  poitry  rtcommendidp 
N.  234. 
£c]«  ohfimfatiens  ou^  and  hcfw  ufijhfor^  204.—- ^tfov  to  drefi^ 

zto.'^a  wviparous,  not  an  oviparous  fjb,  N.  212. 
KAHiDCytfr  tnvijiing  lims  defiribed^  N.  287. 
£pnein€ron«  account  offrgm  Swaramerdam,  N.  97. 

F. 

FEATHERS^  thi  fe^irat  kinds  of  ufed  in  Ffy-making, 
N.  114. 

Fiih  bave  tbeftnfe  of  hearings  i^S.'^giniraU  like  otber^animais^ 

N.  160,  204. — tbeir  docility ^  136,  137.    • 
-Flfb-pondsy  bow  toorder^  278. 

FilhiDg-honfe,  Mr,  CottonV^  defcribed,  |L  25.— a  wVw  tf/* 
it  takin  on  thefpot^  ibid. 

Fletcher,  ilfr.  Phmeas^  «rrtf«ff/  £/^   and  quotations  from 
bim,  233,  234,  235. 

Flies,  natural^  bonv  to  angle  ivitb,  120.— Ant-FIy,  ivberf 
found,  and  bow pre/erved^  245.— -Cadis -Fi^,  not  ibe  May 
tly^  N.  70.— Green- Drake,  II.  63. — G rey -Drake,  dv^A* 
dtrful account  of  N.  98.-— Hawthors-F^,  nubere found,  1 2 1» 
•— May-JF^,  iwu  /o  ^//  w///&  /^r  dibhing^  II.  65. — Qak<* 
Fly,  lubere  found,  120. — Stot^t-Fly  de/cribed,  II.  68. 

Flies*  artificial,  ibi  making  by  tbe  Angler  bimfelf  recommended^ 
II.  N.  40. 

Flies,  artificial,  materials  for  making  enumerated,  1 1  z^'-^how 
to  make,  II.  35. 

Flies,  artificial,  defcription  of  various  kinds,  njoitb  direSions 
for  making  tbtm,  II.  49. — bow  to  keep,  N.  II.  yS^-^bow  (a 
angle  nvitb,  II;  29. 

Float- Angling,  N.  263. 

Ploander,  214. 

Fryar  Fiih,  ftrange  fiory  of  from  Rondclciius,  N.  32.         '' 

Frogs, 


I  i»'if  ft  » 

.       •  •  •  •  ,  —* 

f}(0%tt  wndirfktty  fyfimmd^  68. — thiir  eiifhlij  to  ih  Pike/ 

t6l,'''''h§i0  ioiait  tuiit,  1 66. 
Farn,  lii/ivtral/oris  of^  nfidfmr  daiUng^  N.  1 14.  -'. 

GAVy  ilfr.  Joliiit  m^dniUr^  N.  t^g.'^fuoiation/romM 
foiMf  iniiiUd^  Rormi  Sports,  i^/id 
GaliSy  MtApighV s  MeoMMt  of  f^dr^ormaiion,  N.  121. 
Generatioa,  tfuhvotal  or /fowUumomt^  the  diHrintof^  expUded^ 

N.  96.  *  -       - 

Centres,  how  to  bmd^  246. 
Gold-Fi(h  di/cribid,  N.  267. 
Graves,  ^o^i;  to  hi  ufidfor  Ground  halt ^  N.  2i9. 
Groand-Baity^  Bream  ««/ Carp,  i90.-^Barber,  N«  t\%^ 

'■^for  Roach  und  Dace,  N.  25 1 . 
Grafs,  Indian,  ho^  to  order  and keep^  N.  aSp. 
Grafshopper,  'whtro  founds   N»  66.  '  ■    ■   how  to  pr$fer*oi^ 

N.  25>."    ■  om  ixcolhnt  bait  thrown  as-  Mm  otrt^did fy^ 

N.  250. 
Grayling,  if  UmbcTj  ohforwitioiu  #»,  4nri/  how  $0  Jip  -fit^ 
*  146. 
Green -Drake,  Ins  hi/tory^  IT.  63, 
Grey -Drake,  wondopfid  actomnt  of^  N.  oS. 
Grub,  an  excellent  IVinter-hait^  how  tofitdg  24^. 
Gudgeon,  oh/er*yationi  on^  andhowtofififfor^  %%%• 
Goiniad,  ararefiflf^  215, 
Gypfiea,  a  gong  of^  differ  about  thi  eSviJm  of  their  too^g 

129. 

H* 

HACKLE,  a;£^PALMEa. 
Hackle- Feathers,  how  to  get,  N.  114. 
Hair,  hofw  to.chu/e,  iS^.'^'hovf  to  dje^  288. 
Hair,  fingle,  the  ufi  of  it  in  Angling  recommended^  N.  28^. 
Hakewill,  Dr.  account  of  his  book  on  Providence^  N.  lyt* 
Hampftiire,  famous  for  Trout -r/iw/,  135. 
Hawking,  the  fraije  of  7. 
Hawtborn-FIy,  where  founds  I2i. 
Hazle,  for  r%ds  and  tops,  nvhen  to  cut,  N.  284. 
Hog -Wool,  excellent  dubbing,  N.  112.- 
Hooks,y^r  trolling  «ir^  fnapping,  of  a  new  invention,  Jt.ijt^ 
175. — method  of  whipping,  N.  255— '/Af/i^Kirb/  excels 
lent  for  their  Jbape  and  temper^  ibid. 

Horfe- 


index; 

Herie-leechFIy,  taieti  By  tbt  Salmon^  N,  156.*— iStfoc;  to  maiH 

ibid.  .    ' 

liontiogt  thefrmfiof^  14. 

L 

JAMES  thefirfi  a  great  enemy  to  Toiacco,  IT.  N.  2 1 . 
Indian  0r  Sen  Grafs,  the  ufi  of  it  recommended^  N.  289. 
Johnson,  Bbn,  a  paffage  in  his  SilcDt^Woman  explained ^ 

N,  237.  ^.      . 

Isabella,  Infanta  of  Spaioi  an  inftance  of  her  fuperfiition^ 
II,N,s6. 

KIRBY,  account  of  him  and  Us  hooks ^  N.  2^^, '•^taught 
to  temper  them  by  Frince  Rupert,  ibid. 

L.    . 

LAMPREYS,  212. 
Lanearb,  Nicholas,  a fong  of  his  eompofing^  126. 
Larceny  cannot  be  committed  of  fjS at  large  in  ponds ^  11.  loS* 
Laft-Spring,  a  f/h/o  called,  defcribedf  N.  143.  N.  153. 
La  WES,  Henry,  a  fong  of  his  compofing^  .z'ifi. 
Leland,  his  account  of  the  rife  of  the  Thames,  N.  271, 
Lemery,   his  definition    of    the    Rofi  Crucian   Philofopiy, 

N.  248. 
Lines,  ho^u/  to  make^  286. — ho^u)  to  fwifi  *with  an  engine^ 

N.  zSy.—firFly'fiJhing,  N.  288.— /tf^  Floni-ffiing,  N.- 

263.— 3/or  trolliog,  N.  I'^z.'^fof  fnapping,  N.  174.—:/^^, 

laying,  N.  213. 
Line- Cafes,  their  t^efulnefs^  andhow  tomake^  N.  254. 
Loach,  266.— i^0^  to  he  ufed  as  a  bait,  94. 
Londoners,  excellent  Roach- anglers,  243. 
Loops,  the  ufe  of  infiy-making,  recommended,  IF.  N,  76. 

M. 

MA  L  P I G  H  I,  ^//  difo^eryof  the  produaion  of  the  Oak- 
F/y.  N.  191. 
Maris^ham,  Gervafe,  the  qualifications  required  by  him  in  an 

Angler^  N    22. 
Marlow,  Kir,  afongofhisy  76. 
Martcn's-Furr,  the  bejl  of  yellonjo  dubbing,  N.  115. 
May- Fly,  70.    N,  c^-j ^-^fe'vertd  fiies  contend  for  that  title ^ 

II.  60. 
Millcr's-Thumb,  267. 

.6  Milton, 


INDEX. 

MitroN,  John»  andbu/mthir^  wrj^lfultnMitfick^  N.  zyjl 
Muinow,  hww  to  bait  noitb  im  mngling  for  a  largi  Troat,  93 » 

269  — bouo  to  migk  witb/or  Pikc,  N.  176.— i^ow  to  angU 

nuitb/or  Pcarcli,  N.  203* 
Minnow-Ttiifiefy  bow  to  wtait,  265. 
Mo  N  T  A I G  N  B  9  bis  ofoUgyfoT  fk^9g  nmtb  bit  Caff  5 « 
Muiick,  botter  unJirfiood^  and  in  greattr  firfo&ion^  formirfy 

tboM  MOW,  N.  238. 


N 


N.      ^  .       ' 

IGHT-AngUng  cm/w'td,  N.  154. 
NowBLL»  Dr.DoojtofSt.FtLuVjt  tm  Angler ^  accotnte 
of  bim,  40. 

O. 

OA  K-  Applci^  tbe  Nidos  ^  /Ar  Oak^  in  its  'Vimacutar 
fiate,  N.  121. 
Oak  Ply,  nnbirt  found  Hfibtn  at  maturity^  I20* 
Oils  to  allure  fijh,  x^x^   \ ^2 j-^tbe  efficacy  of  tbem  donbt/ul^ 

248.  II.  90. 
Ottcriy  great  deftr^s  offjb,  48. 
Otter-hnntipg,  tbe  manner  of  it^  47. 

P. 

PALMER,  0r  Pilffrim-Worm^  bis  biftory,  lot. 
Palmer,  artificial^  bow  to  make,  II.  N.  52.— -atfotfr  /^ 

be  made  ^*itb  nMfingSf  ibid. 
Paftei, /i9r  Carp,  182.— y^  Bream,  188.-^  Tench,  .196. 

— ^/9r  Roach  a«i/  Dace,  244.  N.  249. 
Pearch,  oh/erTafions  on^  anddireBionsbiwtofi^for,  197* 
Pigeons  jf//^  to  convey  intelligence  hetvoein  armies^  10. 
Pise,  obfernnuions  on,  and  diredions  bovj  to  fifbfor^  '$^-"^ 

bis  hngrvityy   t^S.^-'/urfrizing  infiances  of  bis  voracioufneyi, 

157,  158 . — bew  taken  witb  a  Minnow,  i  j6. 
Pike- Pool  in  tbe  river  Dove,  a  view  tboreof  taken  on  tbe /pot  ^ 

II.  25. 
Pope,  «r  RafFe,  objervations  on,  and  bow  to  fiflf  for^  223. 
Property,  Mr,hoz\i€'snotionofitt  II.  lOl. 
Purple  Ifland,  afimfoem^  qnotations  from  it,  233^  234. 


o 


UEEN  Elizabeth,  tei'wi/i,  77. 

RALEIGH. 


INDEX. 

R. 

kA  L  E I G  H,  Sir  Walter,  his  anfwer  to  the  MHimiii^s 
fifig,  78. 
Ray»  Mr.  John,  ohftr*vatiott  0/ his  on  the  wtigration  of  ffi^ 

145. — his  opinion  about  the  raining  of  Frogs.   165. 
Rivers,  Juhterrantous^  zi't-  28. — -ftrange  froferties  of^    27»«-^ 

a  caution  ahout  tbtir  nanus ,  II.  15. 
Roach,   oh/emtations  on,    and  ho<uJ  to  f^  for,  241.— /ar^^, 
,.  caught  at  London-Bridge,  242*— A01U  to  hroil^  N.  252. 
Rods,  how  to  makri  N.  284.  II.  jL-^^i^^av  to  mend  tvhett 

hroien,  N.  254. 
Rod,  afjhfo  ckUed,   242. 

Ruffe,  or  Pope,  objer'vations  om^  and  ho*w  tofljhfor^  223. 
Rupert,  Prince,  taught  Kirby  to  temper  his  hooks,  N.  255.-^ 
.    the  inventor  infcrajing  in  Mezzotintb,  ibid. 
l^\i\e%f  general  and  cautions^  II.  127. 
Ruoniog  Line^  how  iomake,  N.  92.— iVj  ufe^  ibid. 

S. 

SALMON,   ohfervatioHs  on,  and  hcnju  tofijhfor,  I44.« 
Salmon -Spa^n,  ah  excellent  hait,  N.  251. — how  to  pre* 
fir*ve,   252. 

Salmon  Leap,  in  the  river  Tivy  in  Pcmbrokefhire  defcrihi^^ 
147. 

SealVFttrr,  excellent  for  dubbing;  N.  J13. 

Severn,  its  head  and  courfe,  zfz. 

Silk- Worm-Got,  theufeef  N.  288. 

Silver-FiOi  dejtrihed,  N.  267.  .    - 

Sheldon,  Archtijhop^  a  great  Angler  for  Ulnoier  and  Bar- 
bel, 219. 

Smelts,  great  numbers  of  caught  in  the  Thames,  N,  214. 

Snap  Anglings  varions  methods  of  N.  174. 

Songs,  the  Miik-maid^i,  76. — ^r  Mother*^,  78.— Cory  don'/, 
83. — the  Angler'/,  86. — KennaV,  with  the  /wJ^ri,.i26.— 
/i&^  Beggar'/,  1 3 1 .— PifcatorV,  227. — the  Angler'/,  with 

.  the  tnuficky  in  t*U>o  parts,  236. 

Siarling's  Feathers,  tike  bef  for  wings,  N.  115. 

Swallows  caught  with  a  rod  afid line,  225. 

T. 

TACKLE,  what  the  JngUr  Jh§uld  he  fumiJBed  witt;, 
N.  253. 
Tench,  ob/ervations  on,  and  hovo  to  fjh  for,  194.— Rondele- 
tiasr'i  account  of  a  ftrange  cure  performed  at  Rooie,  by  ihi 
outward  application  of  a  Tench,   1 9  j . 

K  k  Thameii 


INDEX. 

yhamzs,  ///  head  and  (ourfe^  270. — tht  common  of  inion  pf  it 

rife  refuted,  N.  271. 
Thorroclc  Truckle,    or  Coble,    ///  ufe  i^   fom^   countria^ 

Tobacco,  KJffg' Junius  thefirfi  a  gnat  enemy  /d  i/,  II.  N.  21. 

Tr  adescant,  Mr.  John,  accouni  of  him  and  Ins  ivife,  N .  29. 

Trent,  its  hfad and CQurfe^  2j2n   II.  13* 

'y*rout,  of-fernjatiom  en,  and  hyw  to  fjb  for,  64. — flrahge  kind 
of,  at  Sordid jre,  near  Canterbury,  66.— ^p'lf  /•  ^9gl^  fyf 
<u77i&  «  M to QO%v  0r  Loach.  g^.'-^hoMQ  40  drefs^  IL  Si* 

Trolling,  various 'ways  of ,  N.  171.       < 

Toikcy-Carpet  affords  good  dubbings  K.'  113. 

V. 

\7  E  R  v^  E  S,  of  Mr,  Herbert,  30,  izi.^^from  Dh  6arta>, 
3*»  34'  35»  102.— /j  Sir  Hen.  Wotton,  43,  298, 
300. — by  Jo  Davoff,  44  — by  Mr.  Barker,  N.  119,  167. 
from  Martial,    i^Z.^rfrom  DraytonV   Polyolbion,    147. 
from  hit  Sonnets,    z-jy-^from  the  Secrets   of  Angling* 
N.  152  — by  Dr^  ponne,  201. — from  the  Purple  liland  o^ 
Pbineas  /letcher,    233  ^^from  his    Pifcatory   Eclogne^^ 
K.  ii^.'^^from  Waller,  239.— yrfl«  W/*  Qay,  N.  239. 
ymbcr,  *vide  Gra/Ung. 

W. 

WALLER,  Mr,  Ednriund,  a  hwer  of  the  erngk,  2351, 
Water  Kr.ot,  hcnv  to  tie,  f^.  255. 
Winch,  i/i  jk/^/v  Salmon  tfWTroot^^/ni^i  N.  139. 
Worn; 8,  hoiv  to  order,' hep,  andfrcur,  gi .^—'ho^v to  bait  <withi 

m/ing/e  one,  gi.^^how  to  bait  ^uaith  t«u;o,  93.  II.  84. 
Worm,  89. — Brandling,  ibid. — Dew,  Lob,  Garden  or  Twa- 

chel,  honv  t€  get,  N.  90  -^Dock  or  Flag,  huov  to  find,  ibid, 

—Gilt-Tail,  89  — Marfh  t^r  Meadow,  N.  90. — Oak, ibid! 

— Palmpr,  95. —  Red,  ho^-w  to  find ^  188. — 'Tag-iail  Aw*;- 

to  find,  N.  90. 
Worm  fifhing,  89. — at  top ^   134   II.  83- 
Worded   and  CiC^cl,  oijehiin  agdinfl  the  v/e  of  them  for 

duhhifig,  N.I  13. 
VVoTTON^  i/>  Henry,  an  Angler,  ^z.^-^Verfes  by  him,   43^ 

298,   3C0. 
Wve,    a  ri'ver  in  Here  ford  (hi re,   in  hettA    and   courfe^  II. 

N.  15.  ..... 

y. 

•^r  OR  K  Tfaimtune^  compo/ed  hjf  MiI:onV/a/^/r^  N.  237^ 

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